truss and some proporties and characteristic of truss

TrussesERKİN TAŞ

What is Truss?

A truss is a structure composed of slender members joined together at their end points.The members commonly used in construction consist of wooden struts or metal bars.

Member of Bridge Truss

Hip Vertical : Only the vertical member that meet top of the endpost.Panel : Each space between two vertical member or between endpoint and nearest vertical member.There are six panel in the figure.Web Member : The interior members which are vertical and diagonal member.

In this case of a truss bridge ,such as shown in figure above ,the load on the deck is first transmitted to stringers ,then to floor beams and finally to the joints of two supporting side trusses.

Member of Roof Truss

Connection of Truss

The joint connections are usually formed by bolting or welding the ends of the members to a common plate ,called gusset plate as shown in figure below.

Also by simply passing a large bolt or pin through each of the members ,as shown figure below.

Forces of Truss

Each truss member act as two as a two force member ,and therefore the force acting at each end of the member will be directed along the axis of the member.If the force tends to elongate the member ,it is tensile force.If the force tends to shorten the member ,it is compressive force.When designing a truss ,often compression member must be made thicker than tension members because of the buckling or column effect that occurs when a member is in compression.

Applications of Trusses

Bridge Truss

Crane Truss

Tower Transmission Truss

Ware House & Roof of Factory Shade Truss

Some Truss Type

Advantages of TrussIn buildings, trusses allow engineers to create large open spaces with fewer materials. Using fewer materials also allows contractors to build cheaply. Spaces in trusses allow pipes and wires to easily pass through the ceiling. Despite being specific in design, there are many different types of trusses that engineers can use. This allows them to still be creative and to include structures such as vaulted ceilings. In both buildings and bridges, trusses are popular because they are incredibly strong. In fact, wood trusses are often used with concrete, a material considered much stronger than lumber.