types of mountains & how they form folded mountains - formed by the folding of rock layers...

Types of Mountains

& How they

Form

Folded Mountains - formed by the folding of rock layers caused by pressure.

Dome Mountains – Upward folded mountains that look like a bowl turned upside down.

Synclines – downward folds in the rock layers.

Anticlines – upward folds in the rock layers. They look like the letter “A”.

Fault Block Mountains – formed by the folding of rock layers. Pressure actually cracks the rock into pieces that move.

Normal fault – fault along which the movement is vertical.

Strike-slip fault – fault along which the movement is horizontal.

Reverse fault – fault in which the crust above the fault plane rises in relation to the crust below.

Volcanic Mountains – where volcanic eruptions occur. Formed from the materials that collect around the vent.There are 3 types of volcanic mountains.

Thrust Fault – a low-angle reverse fault.

Shield Cone – formed by cooled lava from gentle eruptions. Ex: Hawaiian Volcanoes

Cinder cone – formed from cinders, steep sides and narrow bases. Ex: Parícutin

Composite cone – made up of layers of rock and lava, from both gentle and explosive eruptions. Wide cone with steep sides. Ex: Mount St. Helens