u.n. definition of genocide est. december 1948 genocide means any of the following acts committed...

U.N. Definition of GenocideEst. December 1948

Genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:

(a) Killing members of the group; (b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of

the group; (c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life

calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;

(d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;

(e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.

Armenia

• CBS• Battle Over

History(12:14)

Armenian Genocide 1915

• Victim- Minority Christian Armenians• Persecutor- Majority Muslim Turks• Why? Armenians sided with allies in WWI• Methods? Forced deportation, death march,

railways to camps, starvation, disease, murder• Impact? ~1.5 million dead• Response? Covered by wartime, still denied

Cambodia

PBS FrontlineWorld

Pol Pot’s Shadow(25:00-full)

(9:30 overview)

Cambodian Genocide 1975-79

• Victim- Vietnamese, Chinese, Muslims, foreigners, educated elite

• Persecutor- Pol Pot & Khmer Rouge (communist)• Why? Agrarian Utopia, citiesfarms• Methods? Relocation, starvation, overwork,

execution, ‘killing fields’ = mass graves• Impact? ~2 million killed (25% of population)• Response? UN support of coalition gov. against

Vietnamese communists, 2006 war crimes trials

Rwanda

History of Tensions(3:14)

BBC coverage(2:56)

Rwandan Genocide - 1994

• Victim- Tutsi minority (cattle owners)• Persecutor- Hutu majority (farmers)• Why? Colonial powers support Tutsi, Post-

Colonial Hutu majority had power wanted to maintain it

• Methods? Clubs, machetes, tools- killed in churches

• Impact? 800,000+ killed in 100 days• Response? Minimal internationally

Bosnia

Bosnian Genocide 1992-95

• Victim- Bosnian Muslims• Persecutor- Christian groups, Slobodan Milosevic• Why? Territorial shifts and disputes post WWI, Bosnia

gains independence Milosevic angered and attacks to support Serbs in newly independent Bosnia

• Methods? Ethnic cleansing as Serbian troops move in• Impact? ~200,000 killed, 2 million refugees• Response? NATO peace keeping, force cease-fire,

ethnic cleansing shifts to Kosovo, Milosevic caught for war crimes but died in his cell

Darfur

History of Conflict

Darfur Region of Sudan Genocide 2003-present

• Victim- Small ethnic groups/farmers• Persecutor- Government, Janjaweed (herders)• Why? Uprising against government, government

created Janjaweed, conflicts of land and resources (political power in North, resources in South)

• Methods? Rape, displacement, organized starvation, mass murder, threats to aid workers

• Impact? ~400,000 killed, 8 million refugees/aid• Response? ICC issues warrants, country divided,

continued conflict

‘Crimes Against Humanity’ in North KoreaUpfront Article Response

Do other countries have a moral obligation to intervene when a nation commits crimes against humanity within its own borders?

Defend your argument using evidence from the article in addition to your own reflection (1 well developed paragraph)