understanding manifolds technology and selection
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Copyright © Yokogawa Corporation of America
1
Pressure Transmitter
Understanding Manifolds: Technology and Selection
Liz Majestic Application Engineer
August 30, 2016
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2
Agenda
n Brief History on Manifolds
n Why? n Different
Categories n Industry
Selection n Best
Practices
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Brief Flashback
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Manifolds: History
n Began in 1910 u Used with a differential recording
gage (mercury type) Ø With check valves (3)
n But the 3-valves had problems u Leak paths, incorrect readings
n A new design, used even today u 5- valve design
Ø Used in natural gas application n 1960, 3 valve had a new design
u Rod-out feature n 1963, 5 valve had a new design
u Space saving
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Why Manifolds?
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Manifold
n Isolate u an instrument from the
process n Enable
u on site calibration u zero check
n Reduce u the number of potential
leak points n Saves
u Material and labor cost u Space requirements
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Manifolds: Different Categories
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Classifications
n Inlet/outlet connections u Threaded u Blank by Blank
or Flange by Flange
u Pipe by Pipe u Flange by Pipe
or Pipe by Flange
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Classifications n Installed location
u Dependent on application Ø Also primary
element that is used
u Direct mount u Close coupled u Line mount u Remote mount
n Type of instrument u Detailed on the
slides coming up.
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Block and Bleed
n Application u Gauge u Absolute
n Process connections: Male or Female NPT
n One valve provides instrument isolation.
n The other valve allows for vent/drain/calibration through the test port.
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Two-Valve
n Application u Absolute u Gauge u High Gauge
n Traditional u Flange x Flange u Flange x NPT
n Wafer n One valve provides instrument
isolation. n The other valve allows for vent/
drain/calibration through the test port
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Three-Valve
n Application u Differential Pressure u Draft Range u High Static
Ø Differential Pressure u Multivariable Pressure
n Traditional u Flange x Flange u Flange x NPT
n Wafer n Isolation and Equalizing
u Used to “Zero” the Transmitter
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Five-Valve
n Application u Differential u Draft Range u High Static
Ø Differential u Multivariable Pressure
n Traditional u Flange x Flange u Flange x NPT
n Wafer n Improves access to both high
and low side u test - pressure ports
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Natural Gas –Five valve
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Parts
n Bonnet u Handle u Rolled Steam Threads u Bubble tight shutoff
n Gasket u Teflon u Grafoil/Graphite
n Material u Customer pick
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Accessories
n Pressure/Leak Test u Testing the manifold to make sure there are no leaks
n Sour Gas u Meets the requirement of the National Association of
Corrosion Engineers (NACE MR-01-75) for certain processes.
n Power u Meets the requirement of ANSI/ASME B31.1
n Oxygen Clean Service u The manifold can be then be used in oxygen and high
uncontaminated process and environments.
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Business Consumers
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Industry
n Steel n Power n Chemical n Gas n Pulp and Paper n Co-generation
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Best Practice
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Installation
n Bolting of manifold to the transmitter u Finger-tighten the bolts u Then do a crossing pattern
Ø First the initial torque value Ø Then the final torque value
n Make sure u The manifold picked out can
withstand the temperature and pressure of the application.
n Optional Brackets u Moves the support point to the
manifold
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Thank you!
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22
Picture Credit
n On Slides 12-15, 18 u Yokogawa Manifolds u Yokogawa Website
n On Slide 7 and 16 u Process Instrumentation Manifolds
Ø By. John E. Hewson
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