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© Tate & Lyle 2015
From a Dietary Fibre Perspective
Wim CaersDirector Regulatory & Government Affairs
Understanding the SACN Report on Carbohydrates & Health
FDIN, London,
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Conclusions
Recognise the huge body of work: 384 pages (>3000 including all separate
Chapters…!!)
New recommendation for a dietary fibre definition
– UK in line with other definitions worldwide
New recommendation for increased DF intake, based upon AOAC analytical
methodology
– Reinforces the fit of DF within a healthy diet, using a variety of food sources
– UK in line with most broadly used methodology and scope of definition, and
allows for better comparison with other countries
Main issue:
– NOT just to increase DF intake to reach the recommended levels
– BUT how to get there without increasing your total energy intake
© Tate & Lyle 2015
A new Dietary Fibre Definition
S1: “There is no universal definition of the term ‘dietary fibre’.”
“Dietary fibre should be defined as all carbohydrates that are neither
digested nor absorbed in the small intestine and have a degree of
polymerisation of 3 or more monomeric units, plus lignin.”
“For extracted natural carbohydrate components or synthetic carbohydrate
products to be defined as dietary fibre, beneficial physiological effects,
similar to those demonstrated for the naturally integrated dietary fibre
components of foods, must be demonstrated by accepted scientific
evidence.”
© Tate & Lyle 2015
A new Dietary Fibre Definition
Going away from the NSP definition
In line with almost all other existing DF definitions
– Codex Alimentarius (with Footnote 2) - China
– EFSA & EU - Indonesia
– FSANZ - Mexico
– Canada - Japan
– (US FDA)
“Dietary fibre”
and
“Non-digestible oligosaccharides (including inulin), resistant starch,
(polyols) and polydextrose”
are treated as 2 different categories…?
© Tate & Lyle 2015
A new Dietary Fibre Definition
“Dietary fibre” and “Non-digestible oligosaccharides (including inulin),
resistant starch, (polyols) and polydextrose”
are treated as 2 different categories..?
© Tate & Lyle 2015
A new Dietary Fibre Recommendation & Analytical Methodology
Going away from the Englyst method towards AOAC methodology
Picture with courtesy of Medallion Labs
© Tate & Lyle 2015
A new Dietary Fibre Recommendation & Analytical Methodology
From 18g (NSP-Englyst, equals 23-24g AOAC) to 30g/day AOAC (≥ 16 yrs)
Age (yrs) Recommendation(g/day)
Actual inatke(g/day
Gap%
2-5 15 14,5 3
5-11 20 14,5 38
11-16 25 15 67
16-18 30 15 100
+18 30 18 67
© Tate & Lyle 2015
A new Dietary Fibre Recommendation & Analytical Methodology
Not only “how” to increase the DF intake to reach
recommended levels
But
Doing so “without increasing total energy intake”
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Our weight…
www.thelancet.com Published online May 29, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Our weight…
www.thelancet.com Published online May 29, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Our weight…
www.thelancet.com Published online May 29, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Our weight…
www.thelancet.com Published online May 29, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8
© Tate & Lyle 2015
“Filling the Gap”
Nicklas et al, 2011;;
© Tate & Lyle 2015
“Filling the Gap”
Nicklas et al, 2011;;
Increase intake of “DF-rich” foods:
fruits, vegetables, legumes, grain products
% Increase in DF containing
foods
Mean g/d Increase in kcal
0 15,710 16,9 10425 18,9 26050 22,1 521100 28,5 1042
© Tate & Lyle 2015
“Filling the Gap”
Nicklas et al, 2011;;
Conclusions: Adding additional DF to existing grain-based foods may be a reasonable approach to getting more DF, without increased energy, in the American diet.
© Tate & Lyle 2015
“Filling the Gap”
Source: Clemens et al., 2012 J Nutr ;; 1390S-1401S. Hornick et al., 2012;; Nutr Today, 47, 104-109.
•Main Conclusion:
“The roundtable discussion highlighted the need for both consumer and professional education to improve acceptance for and inclusion of grain-based foods with added fiber as one strategy for increasing fiber intakes within daily energy goals.”
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with SACN Report
Broadened DF definition allows use of wider range of dietary
fibres, often without making a compromise on taste
– Resistant maltodextrin, inulin, polydextrose,
SACN acknowledges that (certain) isolated fibres do exert
similar beneficial properties as intrinsic fibres
– Oat bran and isolated β-glucans and lower total cholesterol,
LDL cholesterol and triacyl glycerol concentrations (S.11)
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with SACN Report
Evidence given for:
– DF category
– Dietary fibre - Legume fibre
– Insoluble fibre - Cereal fibre
– Soluble fibre - Oat bran & β-glucans
– Fruit fibre - Cereal fibre excluding oat
– Vegetable fibre - Wheat fibre
– Fruit and vegetable fibre - Non-wheat cereal fibre
– Higher dietary breakfast cereals - Whole grain bread
– Total cereals - Whole grains
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with SACN Report
Evidence given for:
– Non-digestible OS, resistant starch, polydextrose
– Non-digestible OS (inulin, FOS) - Inulin
– Fructo-OS - Galacto-OS
– Arabinoxylan-OS - ND-OS or inulin
– Resistant starch - Polydextrose
– Fibre isolates (Annex 5)
– Psyllium - Pectin
– Cellulose - Mixed isolated fibres (gums)
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with EFSA - EC
SACN and EFSA approach are clearly not identical– E.g. Dietary fibre
– Promotes regularity
– Maintenance of normal blood lipid/cholesterol levels
– Maintenance/balance of normal blood sugar/glucose levels
– Helps maintain body weight
– Maintenance of a healthy immune system
– All non-authorised because of insufficient characterisation of ingredient
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with EFSA - EC
SACN and EFSA approach are clearly not identical– E.g. Dietary fibre
– Faecal weight/transit time
– Cardiovascular disease
– Coronary events
– Stroke
– Fasting blood lipid/cholesterol levels
– Fasting blood sugar/glucose levels
– Helps maintain body weight
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with EFSA - EC
SACN and EFSA approach are clearly not identical– E.g. Whole grain
– Maintenance of normal blood glucose levels
– Promotes heart health
– Healthier body weight
– Regulates blood cholesterol levels
– Increases satiety
– All non-authorised because of insufficient characterisation of ingredient
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with EFSA - EC
SACN and EFSA approach are clearly not identical– E.g. Whole grain
– Cardiovascular disease
– Stroke
– Hypertension
– Energy intake
– Diabetes mellitus
– Colon cancer
– Fasting blood glucose levels
– Fasting blood cholesterol levels
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with EFSA - EC
But there are similarities…
– (Oat & barley) β-glucan
– Maintenance of normal blood cholesterol levels
– Reduction of blood glucose rise
– Lower reduce blood cholesterol
– Arabinoxylan
– Reduction of blood glucose rise
– HPMC
– Reduction of blood glucose rise
– Lower reduce blood cholesterol
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with EFSA - EC
But there are similarities…
– Polydextrose
– Reduction of blood glucose rise
– Maintenance of tooth mineralisation
– Non-digestible carbohydrate
– Reduction of postprandial glycaemic response
– Conditions of use:
– Reduced sugar (30%)!!
– Inulin
– Maintenance of normal defecation by increasing stool frequency
© Tate & Lyle 2015
Fit with EFSA - EC
But there are similarities…
– Pectin
– Reduction of blood glucose rise
– Maintenance of normal blood cholesterol levels
– Guar gum
– Maintenance of normal blood cholesterol levels
– Sugar beet fibre
– Increase of faecal bulk
© Tate & Lyle 2015
(Final) Conclusions
Widened scope of DF definition
– From NSP to non-digestible carbohydrates: DP ≥ 3
– Widened scope will allow food industry to better enrich food with
palatable DFs
Adjusted (increased) recommended DF intake
– From 23-24g (= 18g NSP) to 30g
– Reinforces the fit of DFs from a variety of food sources within a healthy
diet and may encourage consumers to actually increase their intake
© Tate & Lyle 2015
(Final) Conclusions
AOAC methodology becoming the standard
– Englyst not in line with new DF definition
– Allows for a correct and univocal quantification by industry and
authorities
Acknowledgement of (certain) isolated fibres to excert similar beneficial
effects as intrinsic fibres
– Isolated oat β-blucans
– May be a (the) way to allow for an increase in DF intake without
simultaneously increase total energy intake
© Tate & Lyle 2015
(Final) Conclusions
These changes will support a
better understanding by
consumers and will help to
make them successful in
achieving their good dietary
intentions
© Tate & Lyle 2015
(Final) Conclusions
When the consumer is
enthusiastic & motivated, we
are too!!
© Tate & Lyle 2015
(Final) Conclusions
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