unit 4 review depersio’s discovery lab. a solution is formed when one substance is dissolved in...

Unit 4 ReviewDePersio’s Discovery Lab

A solution is formed when one substance is dissolved in another. Mae has a solution in which water is the solvent. Which of these could be the solute?

D Sugar

A OilB PebblesC SandD Sugar

Unit 4 Review

Jose has 5g of salt and 10mL of water. He pours the water into a beaker and then adds the salt and watches it dissolve. Which word best describes the water?

A MixtureB SoluteC SolutionD Solvent

B Solute

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Emily made flow charts to show the changes in states of water. In each, she listed the original state, the process that results in a change in state, and the resulting state. Which of these correctly describes a change in state of water?

B Liquid water ® boils ® water vaporA Liquid water ® melts ® solid waterB Liquid water ® boils ® water vaporC Solid water ® condenses ® liquid waterD Water vapor ® evaporates ® liquid water

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There are three main states of matter: liquid, solid, and gas. Which statement describes the shape of a solid?

A It has its own shape.A It has its own shape.B It does not have shape.C It takes the shape of its container.D It changes shape with temperature.

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There are different characteristics for each of the states of matter. Which statement describes a difference between liquids and solids?

C The particles in a solid are much closer together than the particles in a liquid

A Temperature can change a solid to a liquid, but it cannot change a liquid to a solidB Solids have a definite volume and liquids do not have a definite volumeC The particles in a solid are much closer together than the particles in a liquidD Solids take on the shape of their containers and liquids maintain their own shapes

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Jakob studied drawings of the particles in the same substance. The drawings show the substance in different states and temperatures. Which drawing most likely shows the substance at the highest temperature?

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A

B

C

A

Soryana’s teacher gave her a test tube of liquid. Which tool should Soryana use to measure the volume of the liquid?

A BalanceB Graduated CylinderC Test TubeD None of the aboveC Test Tube

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Water can be a liquid, solid, or gas. The pictures show how it changes from each state of matter. What process takes place when matter changes from state 1 to state 3?

A Boiling B CondensingC FreezingD Melting

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B Condensing

A Divide the volume by the massB Divide the mass by the volumeC Multiply the volume by the massD Add the mass and volume and divide by 2

Soryana’s teacher gave her a test tube of liquid. Which tool should Soryana use to measure the volume of the liquid?

B Divide the mass by the volume

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A Divide the volume by the massB Divide the mass by the volumeC Multiply the volume by the massD Add the mass and volume and divide by 2

The table gives the mass and volume of four unknown solids.

Which is the correct explanation of how to find the density?

B Divide the mass by the volume

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 Sample Mass (g) Volume (mL) Density1 125 3  2 324 9  3 234 2  4 540 8  

A Change in massB Change in C Change in volumeD Change in temperature

Matter may be a gas, solid, or liquid. It can change from one state to another. Which change most often causes matter to change state?

D Change in temperature

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A Solids flow from one place to another.B Gases can expand and be compressed.C Liquids have definite volume and shape.D The particles in solids have weak forces of attraction.

Each of the states of matter has specific characteristics. Which statement correctly describes one of these characteristics?

B Gases can expand and be compressed.

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A The substance boils at 85 °C.B The substance freezes at 25 °C.C The substance condenses at –10 °C.D The substance changes state at –10 °C.

Randall experimented with an unknown liquid. The table shows what happened when he changed the temperature of the liquid.

Which statement is supported by Randall’s experiments?

A The substance boils at 85 °C.

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Action taken Change in substanceLeft at room temperature (25 °C) No change, substance remained a liquidPlaced in freezer set to –10 °C No change, substance remained a liquidHeated to 85 °C Substance became a gas

A When matter changes state, new matter may be created.B When matter changes state, it is still the same type of matter.C When matter changes state, its boiling point might also change.D When matter changes state, the space between particles in the matter stays the same.

Riley and Jill are studying what happens to matter when it changes state. They found this list of statements. Which of these statements is true?

B When matter changes state, it is still the same type of matter.

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A BalanceB Graduated cylinderC TemperatureD Thermometer

Lina needs to make a list of the physical properties of matter. Which of these should Lina include in her list?

C Temperature

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A It has definite shape.B It can be compressed.C It has definite texture.D Its particles vibrate in place.

Each state of matter has certain physical properties. Which is a physical property of a gas?

C It has definite texture.

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A The water froze.B The water melted.C The water condensed.D The water evaporated.

During an experiment, Carlos heated a beaker of water over a hot plate burner. After a period of time, the beaker was empty. Which statement describes what happened?

D The water evaporated

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A ColorB LusterC TextureD Volume

Helen is studying the properties of solids. She is comparing the wooden cube and the steel cube shown in the picture below.

Which property is the same for the two cubes?

D Volume

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A Below 0 °CB Above 100 °CC Between 0 °C and 100 °CD Between 0 °C and 120 °C

At what temperatures is water a gas?

B Above 100 °C

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The table shows the melting points and boiling points for different substances.

Suppose these substances were placed in a freezer set to –50 °C. Which substance would become a liquid?

A ChlorineB MercuryC OxygenD Tungsten

B Mercury

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A Ringing a bellB Making ice cubesC Picking up rocksD Making pancakes

Wilson made a list of activities that involve a chemical change. Which of these changes should be included on his list?

B Making ice cubes

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A Sharpening a pencilB Baking a loaf of breadC Pouring milk into a glassD Crumpling aluminum foil into a ball

Jo made a table of chemical changes and physical changes.

Which is in the wrong column?

D Crumpling aluminum foil into a ball

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A

B

C

D

Which of the following represents a physical change?

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C

A To write the same reportB To practice the experimentC To come to the same conclusionD To be sure the observations are accurate

Ava performed an investigation. Then, Matthew repeated the same investigation. What is the best reason for Matthew to repeat it?

D To be sure the observations are accurate

Unit 4 Review

A The mass of each balloon and what was in itB The temperature where each balloon was placedC The size of the table where each balloon was placedD The total mass of all the balloons and what was in them

Taylor put the same amounts of water, sugar, and yeast into three balloons. Then she put each one in a place with a different temperature and observed the changes. If someone wanted to replicate Taylor’s experiment, what other information would they need?

B The temperature where each balloon was placed

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A They are all liquidsB They all include waterC The parts of all solutions are evenly mixedD The substances are always permanently combined

Andrea created a solution by adding food coloring to water. Her solution is also a mixture. Which of these is true of all solutions?

C The parts of all solutions are evenly mixed

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A CombinationB ElementC MixtureD Solution

Heidi combined lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers, and shredded cheese to make a salad. Which best describes what Heidi made?

C Mixture

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A By sizeB By shapeC By magnetismD By evaporation

A company collects cans for recycling. Some cans are made of aluminum, and others are made of steel. Which of the following is the best way to separate the mixture of the two types of cans?

C By magnetism

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A Shaking the can vigorouslyB Stirring the solution slowlyC Tilting the can carefully from side to sideD Setting the can down and leaving it alone

Destiny is making a nutrient solution to use in her garden. She places the powder in a watering can. Then she adds the water. Which would dissolve the powder fastest?

A Shaking the can vigorously

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A ElectronB NeutronC NucleusD Proton

Atoms are made up of smaller particles called subatomic particles. Which is a subatomic particle that has no charge?

B Neutron

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A Physical changeB Chemical changeC Scientific changeD Geological change

Jacob put yeast into a bowl of water and added a little sugar. He put the bowl in a warm place. After a while, Jacob observed foam spilling out of the bowl. What kind of change is occurring?

B Chemical change

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A ColorB LightC ShareD Temperature

Which of these conditions has the greatest effect on how quickly a substance changes from one state to another?

D Temperature

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A Milk tastes better when it is coldB The reactions that cause milk to spoil are slower at lower temperaturesC Physical changes that cause milk to spoil are slower at lower temperaturesD No chemical or physical changes can occur at cool temperatures

Why does milk have to be kept in a refrigerator?

B The reactions that cause milk to spoil are slower at lower temperatures

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Felix is helping his father cook dinner.

After Felix adds salt to the boiling water, what will he have in the pot?

A A mixture call a solutionB A solution called a mixtureC A mixture called a combinationD A solution called a combination

A A mixture call a solution

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A GarlicB OilC PepperD Salt

Tania's mom boils water in a pot on the stove to make soup. Which of these ingredients will dissolve in the water?

D Salt

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A It has definite shapeB It can be compressedC It has definite textureD Its particles vibrate in place

Each state of matter has certain physical properties. Which is a physical property of a gas?

B It can be compressed

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A The number of electronsB The number of neutronsC The number of nucleiD The number of protons

Different elements have different kinds of atoms. How can you tell an atom of one element from an atom of another?

D The number of protons

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A Chemical formulaB Chemical reactionC Chemical equationD Chemical compound

The change in matter in which chemical bonds are broken, rearranged, and reformed is called a _____.

B Chemical reaction

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A TrueB False

The metric system is a system of measurement used in science and throughout the world to measure matter.

A True

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A Loud, Soft, LowB Hot, Warm, ColdC Solid, Liquid, GasD Hard, Soft, Rough

In which three forms can matter be found?

C Solid, Liquid, Gas

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A SizeB WeightC DensityD Temperature

What is a measurement of the energy or heat in matter?

D Temperature

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A Firecracker explodingB Log burningC An ice cube meltingD A flashlight turning on

Which is the BEST example of a physical change in matter?

C An ice cube melting

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A Never mixedB Mixed evenlyC Mixed unevenlyD Separated from each other

In a solution, the particles of different substances are _____ .

B Mixed evenly

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A SoapB ColloidC EmulsionD Suspension

When you shake a mixture of sand and water, you have made a(n) _____.

D Suspension

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A Table saltB LemonadeC Garden soilD Salad dressing

Which of the following is NOT a mixture?

A Table salt

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A The amount of space something takes upB The amount of mass in somethingC The amount of weight in an objectD The amount of gravity pulling on an object

What is volume?

A The amount of space something takes up

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A TrueB False

When a substance changes phase, the chemical structure of its molecules does not change.

A True

Unit 4 Review