unit 7 chapter 21 the cultural geography of africa south of the sahara ch 21 pp1
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Unit 7 Chapter
21
The Cultural Geography of Africa South of the Sahara
Ch 21 PP 1
I. Section I
Population
Patterns
Ch 21 PP 2
A. Rapid Population Growth Africa Statistics
Highest Birthrate & Death rate of the world Births Still Outnumber
Deaths! Population Growth of
this region is the highest in the world!
Highest Infant Mortality Shortest Life Expectancy
Ch 21 PP 3
One factor – AIDS – could drastically change Africa’s population! About 70% of the people
with HIV live in Africa S. of the Sahara
At the end of 2000, about 17 million Africans had already died of AIDS – related diseases
What do you think some of the effects are of this issue?
Ch 21 PP 4
A. (cont) Population & Distribution
Not very many people for how much land there is! If evenly spread, density
would be about 76 people per sq. mi. (Unfortunately, it is not even)
Ex. – Rwanda – 817, Namibia – 6
Land & Climate affect distribution
Ch 21 PP 5
Population & Food Production High population &
economic challenges = not enough food!
70% of people are farmers, but there still is not enough food Too many cash crops &
not enough food grown for citizens
Ch 21 PP 6
Tea Picking
Population & Health Care
Famine, Malnutrition, Poor Water, Inadequate Sanitation, Diseases (Malaria) have claimed many lives Insects such as
mosquitoes & tsetse fly transmit disease
Ch 21 PP 7
Ch 21 PP 8
Wash Day in Madagascar
Water Well in Ethiopia
Fetching Water: A Girl’s Life
B. A Diverse Population
Growing Cities Fastest rate of
urbanization Most cities are along
the coasts, rivers, or rich natural resources Lagos (Nigeria) – largest
city in this region
Ch 21 PP 9
II. Section II
History & Government
Ch 21 PP 10
Tribal leader
Nigeria’s President
A. African Roots First Civilizations
Around tens of thousands of years ago!
Egyptians – along the Nile River
Empires in the West Trading empires
began – Ghana & Mali
Ch 21 PP 11
B. European Colonization
The Slave Trade in Africa 1600 – 1700s
Europeans were trading heavily w/Europeans Gold, ivory, textiles,
enslaved workers
Ch 21 PP 12
Europe Divides & Rules 1800s – 1914 –
Europe had laid claim to all of Africa except Ethiopia, Liberia, and South Africa
Ch 21 PP 13
C. From Colonies to Countries
By mid-1900s, educated Africans had launched the independence movement By the 2nd ½ of the
century, the colonies became independent
Nigeria: A Colonial Legacy Read map & timeline on
pg. 523
Ch 21 PP 14
South Africa: Road to Freedom Apartheid – separation of
races Did not end until the
early 1990s Universal Suffrage –
1994 - voting rights for all citizens
Nelson Mandela – make sure you know who this is!
Ch 21 PP 15
III. Section III
Cultures & Lifestyles
Ch 21 PP 16
A. Languages
More than 800 languages! Six major
language categories
Ch 21 PP 17Soccer Fan from Ghana
Lingua Franca – means common language Usually French or
English in this region
Ch 21 PP 18
B. Religions
#1 – Christianity #2 – Muslim #3 – Traditional
Religions
Ch 21 PP 19
#1
#2
#3
C. Education Educational Advances
Education is improving in areas that have the needed resources
Only about 60% of people aged 15 and older can read & write Literacy Rate – the ability
of people to read & write Rural areas are often lower
New Ways of Learning Only 10 out of 1,000 people
have a computer Internet access is not
available to many
Ch 21 PP 20
D. The Arts
Masks, drums, textiles, dance, music
Oral tradition – passing down stories through generations
Ch 21 PP 21
E. Varied Lifestyles
Families are very important Extended Families Clans Nuclear Family
Make sure you read pgs. 530-531!
Ch 21 PP 22Sudanese Wedding
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