urs muntwyler iea
Post on 13-Sep-2014
1.251 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
1
The future will be “renewable and electric” and needs
worldwide efforts: an invitation to Ireland!!
Urs MuntwylerChair Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Implementing Agreement (IA) -
of the International Energy Agency (IEA)
2
Contents of this presentation
• Current status of vehicle technology in the world and the energy challenge
• Needs and benefits of international collaboration• The International Energy Agency (IEA)• What is the IEA Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Implementing
Agreement (IA-HEV)?• Actual work in phase 3 (2005-2009)• How countries can participate in the IA HEV network• Invitation to Ireland as regular member in the 4 th phase of
the Implementing Agreement “Hybrid- and electric vehicles”
3
Current status
figures 1998 population [Mio]
private cars[Mio]
vehicles/ 1000 inh.
IEA countries 852 516,4 606
tiger states 1‘767 159 90
develop. countries
3‘235 31,6 10
With 300 vehicles/ 1‘000 inhabitants: ca. 2 Mia. vehicles (x 3) 3-liter-car!
Workshop IEA Transportation IA Paris 2008 4
Current Status of Vehicle Technology
5© Muntwyler Energietechnik AG
Current Status of Vehicle Technology
6
New Annex “Lessons learned”
7
Range achieved by the energy produced on 1 ha land (the bar of the plug-in-hybrid vehicle is 7 times longer than shown here) The PHEV (consumption 16 kWh/100 km) using solar energy produced by a PV installation on 1 ha drives 150 times further than a car (consumption 6,5 l/ 100 km fuel equivalent) using bio-ethanol extracted from grain produced on 1 ha.
source: PHOTON
a winning combination for the future: PV+EV/PHEV!
Workshop IEA Transportation IA Paris 2008 8
Strategy = international collaboration automotive industry Governments
act within the boundaries of their countryacts globally
9
The IEA Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Implementing Agreement (IA HEV)
• The IEA (International Energy Agency) is a Paris based organisation of 28 Governments interested in energy issues
• The IEA has 42 different technical collaboration-programmes all kind of energy fields, one of them the IA HEV.
• The IA HEV is a working group of actual 12 governments (Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, USA) interested in advanced vehicle technologies.
• An Executive Committee directs the work of the task forces, plans new initiatives, and disseminates the information produced
• The IA HEV works by setting up task forces (called “Anne-xes”) on particular hybrid-, fuel cell- and electric vehicle subjects
10
Some activities in phase 3: 2004 - 2009Work continued on:• Information Exchange (Annex I)• Electrochemical Systems (Annex X)
New Task forces (Annexes and other activities):• IA HEV Award (not as Annex)• Electric Cycles (Annex XI)• Renewable Energy for Transportation (not yet started)• Hybrid Heavy Duty Vehicles (Annex XII)• Fuel Cells for Vehicles (Annex XIII)• Lessons Learned (follow-up; Annex XIV)• HEVs outlook-report (not as Annex)• Plug-In-Hybrid Vehicles (Annex XV started march 2008)
11
Hybrid Vehicles working group (Annex VII)
• Passenger cars tend to cost a constant share of disposable income - features are added to increase price
• Drive trains only represent 8% - 12% of the costs of a car -dealer/warranty costs are largest share
• A “fuel pay-back” period of 3-5 years would make hybrid vehicles cost-competitive.
• Consumers can afford hybrid cars, but should be motivated to want them.
12
Elektrochemical Systems (Annex X)
Batteries made a remarkable progress since 1994
(compare with the forecast by our experts of Annex V in 1996):
13
Lithium Ion Technology versus Goals
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
Discharge Pulse Power (25 kW)
Regenerative Pulse Power(20 kW)
Available Energy (300 Wh)
Efficiency (90%)
Cycle Life (300k on 25Wh profile)
Calendar Life (15 Years)System Weight (40 kg)
System Volume (32 L)
Selling Price ($500/system @100k/yr)
Self Discharge (50 Wh/day)
Operating Temperature Range (-30 to +52 °C)
FreedomCAR Goals Lithium Ion
Power-Assist HEV Goals (Low Power)
Workshop IEA Transportation IA Paris 2008 14
Lithium Ion Technology versus Goals
Specific Power-Discharge (300 W/kg)
Specific Energy-C/3 (150 Wh/kg)
Power Density (460 W/liter)
Energy Density-C/3 (230 Wh/liter)
Cycle Life-80% DOD (1,000 cycles)Calendar Life (10 years)
Production Price @10k/yr ($150/kWh)
Operating Temperature Range (-40 to +50 °C)
EV Goals
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
USABC EV Goals Lithium Ion
15
Deployment Strategies working group (Annex VIII)
• Evaluation of more than 100 government promotion measures for clean vehicles (electric, hybrid-, alternative fuel vehicles)
• investigation of factors decisive for success and failures
• set of recommendations for the market introduction
first joint annex of two Implementing Agreements (HEV and Advanced Motor Fuels AMF) in IEA - history
16
New Annex “Lessons learned”
In the past 20 years, many electric and hybrid vehicle models have been introduced on the market. Some where successful, many disappeared again.
The task force „Deployment Strategies“ (Annex VIII) investigates the reasons for „failures“ and „successes“.
This investigation will improve the success-rate of new vehicles and technologies.
operating agent: Tom Turrentine ITS UC Davis
Workshop IEA Transportation IA Paris 2008 17
History: Tour de Sol 1985
18
History: Tour de Sol 1985 - 93• Prototyping
EtterTron, ESORO, Horlacher Carbon Horlacher City (1991) Horlacher Consequento (1993)
1991
ESORO E301 (1993) Horlacher Coupé (1994)
19
History: EVs for fleet tests
series production conversion EVs by car manufacturers: all production stopped around 2003/2004. PSA sold about 4‘000 vehicles (Citroën+Peugeot)
VW „CityStromer“ 1995-2000;: ca 200 items sold Citroën AX/Saxo électrique 1993-2004
Peugeot 106 electric 1993-2003Opel „Impuls“ 1991: 10 test vehicles on Rügen
20
History: reaction on mandates/legislation
purpose design EVs by car manufacturers: all production stopped
21
Presence: purpose design
„Survivor“?: TH!NK Nordic former PIV since 1998 ca. 1000 items produced (under FORD) bought by TH!NK nordic, bancrupcy 2006, now new attempt with new models incl. FC
Cleanova by Heuliez-Dassault
motor permanent magnet
battery Li-ion 16 - 30 kWh
motor 27 kW
battery NiCd 19x6V
22
Presence: conversion design
SMART ed
TWINGO Quickshift elettra
FIAT Panda elettrica
motor permanent magnet 30 kWbattery Na NiCl 78 Ah (ZEBRA)max. speed 100 km/hrange 150 km
motor AC asynchronous battery NaNiCl 78 Ah ZEBRAmax.speed 110 km/hrange 130 km
motor AC asynchronous 16 kWbattery NaNiCl 60 Ah, 19,5 kWhmax.speed 120 km/hrange 130 km
23
New Annex “Lessons learned”
hybrid vehicles great market success: Toyota Prius with nearly 1 million vehicles/ several Lexus models HONDA IMA more than 100‘000 vehicles sold
24
The IA HEV “Clean Vehicle Award”
The “Clean Vehicle Award” is given to manufacturers with outstanding sales figures (surpassing thresholds of 25'000, 50'000, 100'000, or more than 250'000 clean vehicles sold).
The “Best Practice Award” is given to the organizers of an outstanding promotion project
The “Personal Award” is given to a person that has dedicated her/his work to the development or promotion of clean vehicles in an outstanding way.
Copyright Muntwylers SolarAkademie 25
Energy ressources in the world
© Copyright Muntwylers SolarAkademie
26
Tour de Sol: EV+PV grid-connected
© Copyright Muntwylers SolarAkademie
Future energy supply of Europe
100% production with hydro-/ solar- and windenergy
Grafik: ABB
28
New subtask “PHVs and smart grids”
The winning combination of future mobility is: - electric drive trains - renewable energies - linked to a smart grid (see Internet...) The use of renewable energies as hydro-, wind-,
solar-, biomass-, waste-, -wave eetc. -energies offers a broad range of efficient combinations.
Subtask leader: Robert Horbaty (CH)
19.02.2009
Elements of “Smart Grids”
…. including storage capacities in Plug-In Hybrid carsSource: Andrew Tang, Senior Director - Smart Energy Web, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Plugin 2008
19.02.2009
Possible Development of the V2G-Concept
2008 201420122010
Dep
loym
ent V
2G
Charging at Home
Chargingeverywhere
Smart ChargingGrid to vehicle
G2V
Smart Chargingbi-directional
Vehicle to homeV2H
Grid regulatingancillary servecies
Vehicle to GridV2G
Quelle: ENCO Energie-Consulting AG
A
19.02.2009
EBL* Solar Power Station since 1992
A
EBL = Swiss Utility
19.02.2009
EU Future Network Vision: „Smart Grids“ ...
Biomass
Off-Shore Wind
Prediction
SolarCHP Appartements
Efficient Energy use
CHP Offices and Industry
Photovoltaic
Thermal Storage
Big Hydro
Thermal Power Plant
Small Hydro
PHEV
The IEA Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Agreement looks forward to continuing to provide balanced, reliable information for member Governments and research organizations, and encourages new Governments and organizations to join.We invite Ireland to join our efforts and to participate as member country in the Implementing Agreement Hybrid- and Electric Vehicles (IA HEV).
Contact: Mr. Martijn van Walwijk , Secretary<secretariat.ieahev@wanadoo.fr>
IEA IA Hybrid & Electric Vehicles 4th phase 2009-2014
34
Thank you for your attention
top related