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Use of Dolomitic Micro Fines in Concrete

Dan Miller, MSCE, PEOMM Cement and Concrete Engineer

Ohio Department of Transportation

OVERVIEW Introduction Development Mix Designs Fresh Concrete Properties Hardened Concrete Properties Freeze-Thaw, Alkali Carbonate Results, Shrinkage Results Current Field Installations Follow up and C&MS Language

INTRODUCTION What are Micro-fines Can Micro-fines Improve Concrete Strength and Durability Does the Material Increase or Decrease Water Demand Cement Replacement or Fine Aggregate Replacement How to Introduce Micro-fines into the Mix Is it Cost Effective Compared to SCMs or Additional Cement

DOLOMITIC MICRO FINES (MINERAL FILLER) Small Particles Captured from Quarry Production Fines-packing is very Desirable for Strength and Durability; DMF

Achieves this by “Surrounding” the Cement Particle.

Fills the Voids between Cement Particles to Create Additional Nucleation Sites.

Assists in Bridging the Gap between the Cement and Fine Aggregates Versus Cement Alone.

DEVELOPMENT ICAR Report 401 and National Lime & Stone Data Reviewed Meetings Held with OAIMA and National Lime & Stone ACI 211.7R-15 Guide for Proportioning Concrete Mixtures with

Ground Limestone and Other Mineral Fillers ASTM WK36906- Standard Specification for Ground Calcium

Carbonate and Aggregate Mineral Fillers for use in Hydraulic Cement Concrete

DEVELOPMENT ODOT Laboratory wanted to Verify Industry Results Dolomitic Micro-fines used were DMF 80 from National Followed C&MS Item 499 for Mix Designs (ACI 301) Seven Mixes Created (Control, 10%, 20%, 30%, Control(2), 15%, Tern.) 0.45 w/c Ratio .44 w/cm Ratio for Ternary Mix

MIX DESIGN (w/cm= 0.45)Material Source Location Weight (lb.)Cement Saylor’s Nazareth 600/540/480/420Coarse Aggregate (#57) Melvin (Limestone) Melvin 1125Coarse Aggregate (#8) National Lime and Stone Carey 651Fine Aggregate Olen (Natural Sand) Columbus 1184Dolomitic Micro Fines (80) National Lime and Stone Findlay 0/60/120/180AEA BASF- MBVR 0.60 oz./cwtWater Reducer BASF- Pozzolith 322N 6.0 oz./cwtSuper Plasticizer BASF- Glenium 7700 4.0 oz./cwt

TERNARY MIX DESIGN (w/cm= 0.44)Material Source Location Weight (lb.)Cement Saylor’s Nazareth 361GGBFS St. Marys Detroit 90Coarse Aggregate (#57) Melvin (Limestone) Melvin 1146Coarse Aggregate (#8) National Lime and Stone Carey 664Fine Aggregate Olen (Natural Sand) Columbus 1207Dolomitic Micro Fines (80) National Lime and Stone Findlay 113

AEA SIKA AIR 6.0 oz./cwtWater Reducer SIKAMENT AFM 2.3 oz./cwt

FRESH CONCRETE PROPERTIES

FRESH CONCRETE PROPERTIES Mix 1, No Adjustments Mix 2, No Adjustments Mix 3 Showed Higher Slump Due to Excess Water

Thought was Micro-fine Addition would Increase Water Demand

Mix 4 Water was Adjusted Prior to Mixing (w/cm= 0.38) Additional 50cc of HRWR Added 3.85 Pounds of Additional Water Added Actual w/cm Ratio- 0.43

FRESH CONCRETE PROPERTIES Mix 5, No Adjustments, Rerun of Control due to failure Mix 6, No Adjustments Mix 7, No Adjustments

HARDENED CONCRETE PROPERTIES Compressive Strength (ASTM C39) Splitting Tensile Strength (ASTM C496) Shrinkage (ASTM C157) ACR Length Change (ASTM C1105) Rapid Chloride Permeability (ASTM C1202) Freeze-Thaw (ASTM C666 Procedure B) Durability (ASTM C215)

COMPRESSIVE AND SPLIT-T STRENGTH

SHRINKAGE RESULTS MIX 1 - 4

SHRINKAGE RESULTS MIX 6 - 7

ACR LENGTH CHANGE AND DURABILITY

ACR LENGTH CHANGE AND DURABILITY

RAPID CHLORIDE PERMEABILITY

FREEZE-THAW RESULTS

CURRENT PLACEMENTS District 1- Findlay Wheelchair Ramp Placement

Photos by Marc Powell (National L&S)

CURRENT PLACEMENTS District 1- ODOT 150080, Van Wert

Photos by Marc Powell (National L&S)

FOLLOW UP AND C&MS LANGUAGE Monitor Field Installations Adoption of WK36906 as an ASTM Standard Develop a Supplement Similar to Cement and Pozzolans Set the Maximum Limit for Replacement Add Language to Item 700 Section

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Pat Jacomet, Ohio Aggregates & Industrial Materials Association Marc Powell, National Lime & Stone Company Jeff Wigdahl, National Lime & Stone Company Prasad Kudlapur, Ph.D., PE, ODOT OMM Concrete Lab Manager ODOT Cement and Concrete Laboratory Staff