using “new technologies” to new technologies address “old ...€¦ · • midland bull test...

T.DelCurto,MontanaStateUniversity June20,2019

2019BIFSymposium,EmergingTechnologies,Brookings,S.D. 1

Using “New Technologies” to Address “Old” Beef Production

Questions

T.DelCurtoProfessor&NancyCameron

ChairRangeBeefCa;leNutriton&

Management

2019BeefImprovementFederaFonMeeFngs

Brookings,SouthDakota

NewTechnologies•   GROWSAFEInc.

–  Standardintechnologyforevalua3ngindividualanimalintake&intakebehavior

–  StandardequipmentatmanyUSDA/LandGrantUniversi3es

•   MSUCampus(18beef,8sheep)andMSUNARC(32)–   Industryexamples:

•   MidlandBullTest(Montana)•   SimplotGrandviewFeedlot

NewTechnologies(cont’):•   C-LockInc.(SmarMeedSystems;RapidCity,SD)

–  Rela3velynewentrytomeasuringfeedintakeandfeedintakebehavior

–  Developingequipmentforuniquechallenges/opportuni3es

•   MyMontanaStateUniversityexperience–  Measureself-fedsupplementintakeinremoteloca3ons–   Nopower,nointernet,severeenvironment

•   Interestedinprecisionnutri3onandapplica3ontocommercialbeefcaTleproduc3on

BeefCa;leFeedIntake•  Wellestablishedinbackgrounding/feederscenarios:

•   NotwellestablishedforCow/calfproducWon:–  Limitedinforma3onforcowsandevenlessforgrazingcowsonpastureorrangelands

–  Previously,researchwasdifficultandcontainednumeroussourcesoferror

StrategicSupplementaFonOpFmizestheUseofLow-QualityForages

•   PastResearch

T.DelCurto,MontanaStateUniversity June20,2019

2019BIFSymposium,EmergingTechnologies,Brookings,S.D. 2

CowEfficiency•   InwesternproducWonsystems:

•   ReproducWonisthe#1cullingcriteria

•   Otherfactors:•   ProducWon

•   %ofbodyweightweaned“..Cowsshouldwean50%oftheirbodyweight..“

IdealCowSize? IdealCowSize?RecentPopularPressPublicaFons:!  UniversityofWyoming!  NorthDakotaStateUniversity!  PastpublicaWons

*Implythatsmallercowsaremoreefficientthanlargercows

EnergyrequirementsversusBodySize:-   Smalleranimalshavehighermetabolicratesthanlarger

animals.

-   Likelyduetofactorssuchas:-   Thermo-regulaWonandbodysize-   MaintenancefuncWonsrequiredforallanimals,but

proporWonallygreaterforsmallanimals

-   EnergyMetabolismandBodySize:-  EnergyrequirementsareproporWonaltobodyweightraisedto

the.75power

-  ThisisthebasistoexpressingintakeasafuncWonofBW*.75

- VanSoest(NutriFonalEcologyofRuminants)

Land & Forage Resources in the Western US

T.DelCurto,MontanaStateUniversity June20,2019

2019BIFSymposium,EmergingTechnologies,Brookings,S.D. 3

Problem&Jus;fica;on•   Useoffall&winterforageswillincrease:

–   EconomicalalternaWvetoharvestedforages–  Allowsforincreaseduseofrangelandsoutsideofthegrowingseason

–   Extendedgrazingseasons(decreasedconfinementfeeding)mayhavephysiologicalbenefits

–   BUT,opWmaluseofhigh-fiber,low-quality,forages•   Caelewillbeselectedforenvironmental“fit”•   NewtechnologieswillassistinrefiningexisWngknowledgeofstrategicsupplementaWon

Current/FutureResearch•  StrategicSupplementaWon

-   OpWmalnutrientdeliverysystems-   OpWmaluseofLow-QualityForages-   OpWmaluseofRangelands

WinterGrazingResearchatHavre-Winterof2016/2017and2017/2018

"  InfluenceofSupplementIntakeandCowAgeonGrazingBehaviorandRangelandUsePaeerns"  SamWyffels,JanBowman,LanceMcNew,DarrinBoss,CoryParsons,JuliaDafoe,AlysonHicks-Lynch,andTimDelCurto" VegetaWon:producWonandcoverbyspecies,foragequality,robelstructureesWmates

"  Soilorganicmaeer,temperaturemaps(GISLayers)

FeedingBoutData•   45d(yr1)&60d(yr2):

–   42,472visitsyr1&65,873yr2

•   CowEIDread•   Timeofday•   Entryandexitarerecorded

•   CoupledwithweatherstaWonandGPScollardata

–   AvgSuppleIntake=2.75lbs(1.25kg)

–   264/272(yr1)and302/306(yr2)cowswererecorded

Figure1.TheinfluenceofcowageonsupplementintakeandvariaFoninintake.Ageclass1=yearlingheifers,ageclass2=2&3yrcows,ageclass3=4&5yrcows,ageclass4=6&7yrcows,ageclass5=8&9yrcows,andageclass6=10&older(Wyffelsetal.,2018).

Year1=2016/2017 Year2=2017/2018

Figure2.Theinfluenceofenvironmentandcowageonsupplementintakebehavior.Best-Fitmodelinvolvedmeandailytemperatureandcowage(Wyffelsetal.,2018).

T.DelCurto,MontanaStateUniversity June20,2019

2019BIFSymposium,EmergingTechnologies,Brookings,S.D. 4

Goals&Objec;ves

II.   MatchingBeefCa;leProducFontoWesternRangelandEnvironments

1.   InfluenceofMatureCowWeaningWeightRaWosand

CowSizeonIntakeandGrazingBehavior

-AlysonWilliamsMSProgram 2.   AbilityofYearlingHeiferResidualFeedIntake(RFI)

EsWmatestoPredictCowProducWvity,FeedIntakeandGrazingBehavior

-CoryParsonsPhDProgram

CowSize&WeaningWtRa;o

Transl.Anim.Sci.2018.2:S79–S83doi:10.1093/tas/txy044Transl.Anim.Sci.2018.2:S84–S88doi:10.1093/tas/txy045

Current/FutureResearch•  StrategicSupplementaWon

-   OpWmalnutrientdeliverysystems-   OpWmaluseofLow-QualityForages-   OpWmaluseofRangelands

2.   SaltLimitedSupplementIntake:ImpactsofSaltLevel,Frequency,andFormofSupplementonIntake,NutrientDiges;on,andVariabilityofSupplementIntakeinBeefCaSleHayley White MS program

IntakeVariaWonStudy:•   Approximately60crossbredheifers•   ComparingintakeandintakevariaWonbetween

twoformsofsalt-limitedsupplement,pelletedorloose,usingSmartFeedProTrailer.

•   3TreatmentGroups:1.   Control(nosupplement)2.   Pelletedform3.   Looseform

•   HeiferswillbeweighedandbodycondiWonscoredondays0,42,and84.Individualdrymaeersupplementintake,frequencyoffeedevents,andtotalnumberoffeedeventswillbemeasuredforeachheifer.

RedBluffProject•   Usenewprototypefeeder•   LoteknewprototypeGPSCollars

•   OBJECTIVES:–  WinterenvironmenteffectsonvegetaWonchange

–  Resourceusepaeerns

RedBluffResearch(cont’)•   Long-TermEffectsofProteinStatusonWinterGrazingBeefCows

-   Treatments 1.non-supplementedcontrolcows 2.1.5kgofAlfalfaPellets 3.3.0kgofAlfalfaPellets

-   DESIGN:-   150hdofdrypregnantmaturecows-   FeedSupplementslateNovembertomid-February- Threeyearstudy

T.DelCurto,MontanaStateUniversity June20,2019

2019BIFSymposium,EmergingTechnologies,Brookings,S.D. 5

EnvironmentandNutrientRequirements•   Mostofthemodelsforenvironment

arebasedon1981NRCPublicaWon

•   Mostarefocusedonenergyrequirements•   Protein,minerals&vitamins?

•   Relatetotemperatureandhaircoat•   LimitedinrespecttoprecipitaWon

and/orwindcondiWons•   WindChillequivalent?

Valida;onStudyNeeds:1.   Howdoes“stockingrate”influencesupplementintakebehavior?2.   Howdoessupplementdeliverymethodinfluencesupplementintakebehavior?

•   SmartFeedProandSuperSmartFeedsystemsaredifferent3.EffecWvenessoffeederstolimitand/ormorepreciselydeliversupplementsinextensive

environments.

ThankYou!

Ques;ons?

ResearchSupportNancyCameronEndowment

Cow Milking lbofmilk/ lbTDN lbCP

Size Level cow/day Needed Needed

1000 BelowAvg 10 12.4 1.9

1000 Average 20 14.8 2.6

1000 AboveAvg 30 17.2 3.5

1200 BelowAvg 10 13.8 2.1

1200 Average 20 16.2 2.8

1200 AboveAvg 30 18.7 3.5

1400 BelowAvg 10 15.2 2.3

1400 Average 20 17.6 3.0

1400 AboveAvg 30 20.1 3.7

Source:NutrientRequirementsofBeefCa;le;1984,1996&2016.

BeefCa;leNutriFonalRequirements: FinalThoughts:•   BeefCa;leEfficiencyisprimarilydefinedbyreproducFon

•   OpFmalsizedependsonenvironment•   MetricsforEnvironmental“Fit”arelimited