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Neap Trial Exams are licensed to be photocopied or placed on the school intranet and used only within the confines of the school purchasing them, for the purpose of examining that school's students only. They may not be otherwise reproduced or distributed. The copyright of Neap Trial Exams remains with Neap. No Neap Trial Exam or any part thereof is to be issued or passed on by any person to any party inclusive of other schools, non-practising teachers, coaching colleges, tutors, parents, students, publishing agencies or websites without the express written consent of Neap.
Copyright © 2010 Neap ABN 49 910 906 643 96–106 Pelham St Carlton VIC 3053 Tel: (03) 8341 8341 Fax: (03) 8341 8300 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM
Trial Examination 2010
VCE Biology Unit 2
Written Examination
Question and Answer Booklet
Reading time: 15 minutes Writing time: 1 hour 30 minutes
Student’s Name: ______________________________
Teacher’s Name: ______________________________
Structure of Booklet
Section Number of questionsNumber of
questions to be answered
Number of marks
A 25 25 25
B 7 7 50
Total 75
Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers, sharpenersand rulers. Students are NOT permitted to bring into the examination room: blank sheets of paper and/orwhite out liquid/tape. No calculator is allowed in this examination.
Materials supplied
Question and answer booklet of 20 pages.
Answer sheet for multiple-choice questions.
Instructions
Write your name and teacher’s name on this booklet and in the space provided on the answer sheet formultiple-choice questions. All written responses must be in English.
At the end of the examination
Place the answer sheet for multiple-choice questions inside the front cover of this booklet and handthem in.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
2 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
SECTION A: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
Question 1
The graph above represents the number of organisms existing in different conditions.
With reference to the above graph, X and Y would represent respectivelyA. tolerance range and optimum range.B. tolerance range and death.C. optimal range and tolerance range.D. optimal range and physiological stress.
Instructions for Section A
Answer all questions in pencil on the answer sheet provided for multiple-choice questions.
Choose the response that is correct for the question.
A correct answer scores 1, an incorrect answer scores 0.
Marks will not be deducted for incorrect answers.
No marks will be given if more than one answer is completed for any question.
X
unsuitable
number of organisms
unsuitablepreferred nichemarginal
nichemarginal
niche
Y
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 3
The following information relates to Questions 2 to 4.
The diagram below represents a nervous pathway, illustrating a blink response.
When the fly approaches the eye, the person blinks. This is an unconscious response to protect the eye.
Question 2
The pathway illustrated is an example ofA. homeostasis.B. a reflex arc.C. a stimulus and response.D. negative feedback.
Question 3
The neurons represented by Q and S respectively areA. motor and sensory.B. efferent and afferent.C. sensory and motor.D. efferent and sensory.
Question 4
The location of neurons Q, R and S respectively is A. all in the central nervous system (CNS).B. all in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).C. Q and S in the CNS and R in the PNS.D. Q and S in the PNS and R in the CNS.
retina
optic nerve
Q
S
R
eyelid muscle
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
4 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
Question 5
The graph above illustrates the temperature of an organism over a 24 hour period.
Using the above information and your knowledge, it would be expected thatA. body temperature for this organism is under homeostatic control.B. body temperature for this organism fluctuates with the environment.C. the organism can only increase its body temperature.D. the organism can only decrease its body temperature.
Question 6
The hormone responsible for water regulation in animals isA. thyroxine.B. testosterone.C. ADH (anti-diuretic hormone).D. insulin.
Question 7
The plant hormone responsible for fruit ripening isA. ethylene.B. auxin.C. abscisic acid.D. giberellin.
temperature (˚C)
time (24 hour period)
36.0
36.5
37.0
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 5
The following information relates to Questions 8 and 9.
The diagram above is of the counter current heat exchange system of a penguin’s foot.
Question 8
In this processA. heat lost by the venule is gained by the arteriole.B. the penguin is unable to stand for long periods on ice.C. the temperature of the blood returning to the body is maintained.D. the body temperature is regulated.
Question 9
Penguins huddle as a means of temperature regulation.
This is achieved A. as individual penguins’ surface areas are reduced and less heat is lost by radiation.B. since penguins can gain heat via conduction from each other.C. by sacrificing the penguins on the outside of the group to ensure survival of those within the group.D. since the penguins as a group would be more threatening to predators.
37˚C
arteriole
24˚C
13˚C
11˚C
22˚C
venule
direction of blood flow
35˚C
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
6 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
The following diagram relates to Questions 10 and 11.
The diagram above shows the pattern of light and dark which induces flowering.
Question 10
Flowering would also be expected in
A.
B.
C.
D.
Question 11
The flowering response is an example ofA. phototropism.B. circadian rhythm.C. photoperiodism.D. geotropism.
6 am noon 6 pm midnight 6 am
flowering
no flowering
dark
light
flash
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 7
The following information relates to Questions 12 and 13.
The diagrams above represent the reproductive events which lead to the development of a joey in the Red Kangaroo Macropus rufus.
Question 12
Using the above data, poor conditions affect A. ovulation.B. diapause.C. the time in the pouch.D. the time outside the pouch.
Question 13
The suspension of development of the joey, diapause, is most likely controlled byA. the mother.B. the foetus.C. food availability.D. external temperature.
Question 14
Mistletoe is a plant which grows on the branches of trees such as Eucalyptus. It taps into the vascular system and gains its nutrition. The mistletoe plant produces seeds that are eaten by the mistletoe bird, which in the process spreads the mistletoe to new trees.
The symbiotic relationships between the Mistletoe–Eucalyptus and Mistletoe–Mistletoe bird is
Mistletoe–Eucalyptus Mistletoe–Mistletoe bird
A. predator/prey mutualism
B. competitors predator/prey
C. parasite/host mutualism
D. mutualism competitors
ovulation and fertilisation
Good conditions
Less favourable conditions
Good conditions become poor(drought)
Poor conditions (drought), rapid and permanent change
1
2
3
4
death
out of pouch semi-independent
in uterus
in pouch
diapause development suspended
development resumes
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
8 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
Question 15
The symbiotic relationship which benefits one of the species and has no effect on the other isA. herbivory.B. parasitism.C. predation.D. commensalism.
The following information relates to Questions 16 and 17.
The diagram below shows the nitrogen cycle.
Question 16
The nitrogen would be returned to the air at point X byA. nitrogen fixation.B. denitrification.C. nitrification.D. decomposition.
Question 17
The nitrogen entering at Y is viaA. nitrogen fixation.B. denitrification.C. nitrification.D. decomposition.
nitrogen gas N2
plants
nitrate
nitrifyingbacteria
ammonia
Y
X
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 9
The following information relates to Questions 18 to 20.
The food web above is of a freshwater ecosystem.
Question 18
A second order carnivore isA. trout.B. tadpole.C. silver perch.D. duck.
Question 19
If a non-biodegradable substance such as mercury was inadvertently and illegally put into this ecosystem, the highest concentration per gram of body tissue would be found in A. humans.B. snakes.C. ducks.D. freshwater algae.
Question 20
Many Australian frogs have been infected and affected by a fungus which severely reduces their numbers. As a consequence, tadpole numbers have also been reduced.
Using only the information in the food web above, the animal most affected by the decrease in tadpoles would beA. ducks.B. silver perch.C. trout.D. yabbies.
kookaburra
trout
pelicanhuman
duck
silver perch
yabbytadpole
daphnia
euglena
freshwater algae
mosquito larvae
snake
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
10 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
The following information relates to Questions 21 to 24.
The diagram above indicates the energy transfer through a food chain. The percentages represent the proportion of energy passed onto the next level.
Question 21
For each trophic level, most energyA. is passed to the next trophic level.B. is converted to heat.C. ends up in biomass.D. ends up as detritus.
Question 22
X in each trophic level represents energyA. used by the organisms.B. stored as biomass.C. passed onto the next trophic level.D. produced by cellular respiration.
8 000 000 kJ
absorbed
2 000 000 kJ
65%
25%
25%
65%
65% 10%
10%
10%producers
X 100 000 kJ
herbivore X 25 000 kJ
carnivore X 6000 kJhe
at fr
om m
etab
olis
m
detr
itus
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 11
Question 23
Within an ecosystem, energyA. cycles.B. is used up.C. is created.D. is transformed.
Question 24
When considering this system, most energy which reaches the ecosystem isA. reflected back into space.B. absorbed by producers.C. incorporated by producers.D. passed on by producers.
Question 25
When considering an ecosystem and a community,A. an ecosystem is a component of a community.B. ecosystems consist of biotic components only, whereas communities consist of both biotic and
abiotic components.C. an ecosystem consists of communities and abiotic factors.D. ecosystems and communities are independent.
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
12 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
SECTION B: SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS
Question 1
The above photograph is of a bilby. Bilbies are a small nocturnal marsupials.
a. With reference to the picture above, describe two features that would assist the bilby’s nocturnal nature.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
b. How would large ears benefit the bilby in a hot environment?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
Total 4 marks
Instructions for Section B
Answer this section in pen.
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 13
Question 2
The photograph above shows an active dog on a warm day. Use the photograph to answer the following questions.
a. What is the biological term which describes a steady state in an organism?
_________________________________________________________________________________1 mark
b. Describe two behaviours a dog could use to reduce its body temperature on a hot day.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
c. i. Fur traps a layer of air, reducing heat loss.
This is an example of what type of adaptation?
____________________________________________________________________________
ii. Some animals have the ability to lose (moult) fur prior to summer and to grow thicker hair prior to winter.
This ability is an example of what type of adaptation?
____________________________________________________________________________1 + 1 = 2 marks
Total 5 marks
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
14 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
Question 3
The raising of chickens for egg production has greatly increased in suburban areas. People’s awareness of the plight of ‘battery hens’, their desire to recycle and be self-sufficient have all contributed to this.
a. For each of the scenarios presented below, identify the type of behaviour that is being exhibited.
i. Hens will incubate a clutch of eggs for approximately three weeks.
Observation: On hatching, the young chicks follow their mother. It has also been shown that young chicks will follow humans if the mother is not present.
___________________________________________________________________________
ii. Fowls will cluck when food is seen and presented.
Observation: Food is kept in a garden shed, out of sight of the hens. The door is squeaky. After a few weeks, whenever anyone goes to the shed and the door squeaks, the chickens cluck loudly even though no food is presented.
___________________________________________________________________________
iii. A false egg is placed in a nesting box.
Observation: Hens lay eggs where the false egg is.
___________________________________________________________________________
iv. When chickens are given unfamiliar food, it is not initially eaten.
Observation: When an eggplant, a large purple fruit, is given, it remains uneaten for several days but is then eventually eaten. Over time, subsequent presentations of eggplants result in them being more easily and rapidly eaten. The skin is quickly pierced and its contents eaten.
___________________________________________________________________________1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 marks
b. For the situations above, which of i–iv are innate?
________________________________________________________________________________1 mark
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 15
c. The diagram below illustrates a rookery of gannets.
Gannets are territorial birds, feeding on fish over a wide area. When the breeding season occurs, the hens nest in a rookery, a large noisy area where birds defend their nest areas, and which are in very close proximity to each other.
i. What would determine the distance the birds nest from each other?
____________________________________________________________________________
ii. Define the term ‘territory’.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________1 + 1 = 2 marks
Total 7 marks
Question 4
Many seeds were planted in pots and observed over a period of one week. The results were collated and a summary is illustrated below.
a. What is a growth response in a plant called?
_________________________________________________________________________________1 mark
b. What stimulus is the shoot responding to at day 5 and day 7? Explain your answer.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
tussock grass
gannet hens sitting on nests
rocky ground
gannet hens sitting on nests
1Day
pot
roots
coleoptile (first part of
shoot system)soil
3 5 7
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
16 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
c. The diagram below is an enlargement of the coleoptile at day 7.
In the space provided, draw the coleoptile’s response and explain your answer.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
d. Name the plant hormone involved in these growth responses.
________________________________________________________________________________1 mark
e. In another experiment, the coleoptile tip is covered with a piece of foil. See below.
What would you expect the plant’s response to be? Explain your answer.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
Total 8 marks
light
lightfoil cap
?
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 17
Question 5
The above food web centres around a fruit tree.
a. Name two animals that are competitors. State the resource for which they compete.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
b. In terms of feeding, classify the following.
i. brown hawk
____________________________________________________________________________
ii. snail
____________________________________________________________________________
iii. bacteria
____________________________________________________________________________1 + 1 + 1 = 3 marks
c. Name two abiotic factors affecting the fruit tree.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________ 2 marks
FRUIT TREE
dead fruit and leaves
rats
blackbirds
brown hawk
rainbow lorikeetwattlebird
possum
snails worms decayed fruit and leaves
fungi, e.g. yeast
bacteria
fruit leaves
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
18 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
d. The activities of the different organisms would vary depending upon seasonal changes and as a consequence of food availability.
i. With respect to the possums, describe what effect seasons would have on food availability.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii. If food is unavailable and the climate is unsuitable, what is a suitable solution that some animals adopt?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________2 + 1 = 3 marksTotal 10 marks
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
Copyright © 2010 Neap TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM 19
Question 6
The graphs above illustrate the relationships between pasture, rabbit and fox numbers.
a. i. Explain the term ‘carrying capacity’.
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
ii. What is the carrying capacity with respect to rabbits?
____________________________________________________________________________1 + 1 = 2 marks
b. Are foxes entirely dependent on rabbits? Justify your answer.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
c. What effect does an increase in pasture have on the rabbit population? Fully explain your answer.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
d. Apart from migration, what other two factors determine the changes in a population?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________2 marks
Total 8 marks
number of rabbits
per hectare
years
0100200300400500
number of foxes
per hectare
0
1
2
3
4
5
percentage pasturecover
0
20
40
60
80
VCE Biology Unit 2 Trial Examination Question and Answer Booklet
20 TEVBIOU2_QA_2010.FM Copyright © 2010 Neap
Question 7
One method to determine the total population of an area is the Lincoln index:
Sample A; all animals caught are marked and released.
Later on,
Sample B; animals are collected at random, the number counted and the number which were marked (recaptured) are counted.
a. i. If ten animals were marked in Sample A and twenty animals were caught in sample B, of which two were previously marked, what is the total population estimate?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii. Describe two reasons why this method could be inaccurate.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________2 + 2 = 4 marks
b. Describe a method which could be used for the following scenarios.
i. estimating the number of trees in a forest
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
ii. estimating the number of microscopic organisms in a pond
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________2 + 2 = 4 marks
Total 8 marks
END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOKLET
total population number of marked animals, sample A total number in sample × Bnumber marked in sample B
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