veterinary medical center
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Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
CLONING DOGS AND CATS: WHERE DO WE STAND?
Margaret V. Root Kustritz, DVM, PhD, DACT University of Minnesota
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
CLONING - Nuclear transfer Nucleus from a single cell from the donor is transferred into an oocyte that has had its DNA removed, the new oocyte fertilized and matured in vitro, and the subsequent embryo transferred into a recipient dam at the morula or blastocyst stage.
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
CLONING - Nuclear transfer - Any donor cell can be used (skin biopsy from the ear)
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
After transfer of DNA, the single cell is stimulated to begin division
IVM = in vitro maturation Immature oocyte released Low E2 / P4 environment Cumulus cells must be present
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
SUCCESS RATES - Cats IVF and IVM - 50% development to the blastocyst stage
Cats have been cloned (“Copy Cat”)
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
SUCCESS RATES - Dogs IVF and IVM - 8-37% development to the blastocyst stage
One lab has produced cloned dogs.
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
“Snuppy” = Seoul National University+ puppy
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
CONCERNS - Disease of cloned animals - Early senescence? - Increased stillbirths - Birth defects - Embryo wastage - Cat return rate 1.0% - Dog return rate 0.1%
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
CONCERNS - Disease of cloned animals - Early senescence? - Increased stillbirths - Birth defects - Embryo wastage - Cat return rate 1.0% - Dog return rate 0.1%
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
CONCERNS - Embryo wastage* - Cat return rate 1.0% - Dog return rate 0.1%
- Cattle return rate 11.0% - Mouse return rate 5.0% - Goat and sheep return rate 3.0%
* Using adult cell for donor nucleus
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
CONCERNS - Expense - Public perception
“Little Nicky”
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
CONCERNS - Expense - Public perception
“Rainbow” and her clone, “Copy Cat”
Veterinary Medical CenterSFT-ACT 2008 UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
COMMERCIAL AVAILABILITY - Projected cost = $50,000 / animal - Genetic Savings and Clone Website refers you to ViaGen – “Note that ViaGen has no plans to provide commercial dog or cat cloning services.”
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