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VIDHYA ANUDAN E-BOOK
CLASS-7
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
1) ________________strange dreams!
a) What b) What a c) What an d) What the
2) ________________melodious song!
a) What b) What a c) What an d) What the
3) What was Britain called - before it was Britain ?
a) Britains b) Fairskinned c) English d) Albion
4) -9 ÷ ( -9 )= 1_________________.
a) true b) false c) can‟t say
5) Sharp claws of flesh eating birds......... (Complete the relationship)
a) talons b) blubber C) teeth d) none of these
6) Owls, fireflies and rats...... (Find the common things between them)
a) can see at night b) are nocturnal
c) skin are used to make leather d) both a & b
7) We are the family of creeping and crawling animals with scaly skins......
a) reptile b) rodents c) mammals d) amphibians
8) We are the family of animals with long incisors in front............
a) rodents b) amphibians c) insects d) fish
9) Identify the plants parts from where get the Rubber.........
a) juice of stem b) stem c) leaves d) none of these
10) From which country does spinach originate ?
a) India b) Iran c) Irak d) New zealand
11) The jet aircrafts fly very easily and smoothly in the lower stratosphere. What could be
the appropriate scientific Explanation? Which of the statements given above is/are correct in
this context?
i) There are no clouds or water vapour in the lower stratosphere.
ii) There are no vertical winds in the lower stratosphere.
a) i only b) ii only c) Both i and ii d) Neither i nor ii
12) 632.153 X 100 = ________
a)6321.53 b) 63215.3 c) 632153.0 d) 6.32153
13) (-121) ÷ 11 = 11 ___________.
a) true b) can‟t say c) false
14) Find the value of (-56) ÷ 14 is _________
a) -4 b) -5 c) 4 d) 5
15) Square of any integers is positive.
a) true b) false c) can't say d) none of these
16) I like to walk ___________ the floor is very cool and clean.
a) on the shelves b) barefoot in summer
c) under the trees d) on the road
17) Kashmira didn't buy that dress,__________
a) Did she? b) Didn't she? c) Is she? d) Isn't she?
18) You have been working since morning. How _______sums have you been able to
do?
a) much b) any c) many d) many
number
19) _____________anteater is toothless.
a) Many b) An c) Some d) Any
20) I need some _______ from you about my job.
a) advices b) advice c) advise d) advises
21) ________________idea!
a) what b) what a c) what an d) what the
22) This car runs on ______ petrol. Some cars run on CNG.
a) a b) an c) the d) no article
23) Who would use a “mashie niblik” ?
a) Hockey player b) football player
c) Cricketer d) Golfer
24) Which country grows the most potatoes ?
a) China b) India c) Russia d) Afghanistan
25) A mineral is a natural crystalline solid that formed from geological processes. Which of
the following is not an example of a mineral?
a) a diamond b) wood c) gold d) salt
26) Identify the plants parts from where we get the Coffee........
a) seed b) oil of seed c) fruits d) roots
27) Identify the plant‟s part from where we get the Sugar......
a) stem b) leaves c) juice of stem d) seed
28) Identify the plant‟s part from where we get the Fibres for Rope.............
A) roots b) stem c) seeds d)
flower
29) Large numbers of trees grow together in a...............
a) forest b) desert c) hills d) coastal
30) Pea plants is a.................
a) creepers b) climbers c) herbs d) shrubs
31) The phenomenon of radioactivity was discovered by
a) Madam Curie b) J.J. Thomson c) Roentgen d) Becquerel
32) The formation of ozone hole in the Antarctic region has been a cause of concern.
What could be the reason for the formation of this hole?
a) Presence of prominent tropospheric turbulence; & inflow of chlorofluorocarbons
b) Presence of prominent polar front and stratospheric clouds; and inflow of
chlorofluorocarbons.
c) Absence of polar front and stratospheric clouds; and inflow of methane and
chlorofluorocarbons.
d) Increased temperature at polar region due to global warming
33) Find the value of 245 ÷ ( -5 ) is _________
a) -49 b) 49 c) 50 d) 50
34) ( -17 ) ÷ 1 = -1_______________.
a) true b) false c) can‟t say
35) A number of the form p upon q, where p and q are positive integers is called
a______________ number.
a) fractional b) rational c) can't say d) none of these
36) What will be the sign of the product of 15 negative and 16 positive
integers?_____________
a) positive b) negative c) both a & b d)none of these
37) “Joints in the body” can be considered as...............
a) ball and socket b) pivot
c) knee and hip d) all of the above
38) Zero is greater than every ___________ integers.
a) positive b) negative c) both a & b d) none of these
39) ( -7 ) ÷ ( -7 ) = 1.
a) true b) false c) can't say d) none of these
40) Sarla gave me marbles from her collection .I gave her ____ stamps in exchange.
a) much b) a few c) many d) few
41) _____mammals have hair but humans have the most hair.
a) Much b) A c) All d) Few
42) All the boys must get their______ cut by Saturday. The matron will come for an
inspection.
a) hairs b) hair c) both d) none
43) Sujatha received ____________ National Bravery Award.
a) a b) an c) the d) no article
44) What did Willian Addis invent in prison ?
a) Pencil b) Telephone c) Pen d) Tooth brush
45) Wheat and gram are the examples of ..................
a) rabi b) kharif c) zaid d) none of these
46) The flat and broad part of a leaf is called the................
a) stomata b) leaf blade c) chlorophyll d) none of these
47) Fibrous and tap are types of ..................
a) stem b) roots c) leaves d) flower
48) Which great saint did vidhya meditation continuosly for 64 years and so is called Kalkal
Sarvagnya?
a) Bhadrabahu b) Strulabhadra c) Shilbhadra d)
Hemchandracharya
49) As per the opinion of Guru Nanak, people are of two types Gurumukh and...
a) Sanmukh b) Manmukh c) Ishwarmukh d) Bhagwantmukh
50) Who handed over Shikshapatri to the people on Vasant Panchmi day?
a) Sahjanad Swami b) Saint Ramdas
c) Vivekanand Swami d) Bhagwan Dutt
51) According to the teachings of Lord Shri Krishna, among the monhts he is ...
a) Kartik b) Magh c) Fagun d) Margshirsh
52) As a child he saw a small rat eating away lord shiv‟s Prasad and roaming on Shivlinga,
that changed his life and thought. Who was that social reformist?
a) Swami Vivekanad b) Aadi Shankaracharya
c) Dayanad Saraswati d) Baba Amte
53) At the end of war od Mahabharat who remained alive on Kauravs side?
a) Five Pandavas‟, Srikrishna nad Satyaki.
54) At the time of Arjun and Srikrishna getting down from their chariot, at the end of war,
what happened?
a) Krupacharya, Krutvarma, Ashvatthama, Yuyutsu.
55) What advice Yudhisthir got from Vyasji afterthe war to organise yagna?
a) Rajsuya b) Ashwamegh
55) Which is the district with highest population density in Gujarat?
a) Surat b) Jamnagar c) Ahmedabad d) Vadodara
56) City of Morbi is situated on the bank of river...
a) Machchhu b) Bhadar c) Sabarmati d) Gomti
57) In Gujarat where the largest agricultural prdouce market is situated ?
a) Unjha b) Rajkot c) Ahmedabad d) Bhavnagar
58) Which district has longest seashore in Gujarat?
a) Kachchh b) Bhavnagar c) Navsari d) Gir somnath
59) Which steel plant is built in collaboration with Sovier Union?
a) Bokaro b) Jamshedpur c) Durgapur d) Bhilai
60) Which planer takes 88 days in completing one round of the sun?
a) Mercury b) Neptune c) Mars d) Uranus
61) Which is the best quality coal ?
a) Anthresite b) Boxite c) Lignite d) Bitumin
62) Largest salt water tank in the world‟s.
a) Carbians Sea b) South china sea c) lake soberer d) Lake baikal
63) Which part of the body is affected by Tuberculosis
a) lungs b) Heart c) spleen d) Liver
64) Present tense of “did” is.
a) Do b) does c) Done d) None
65) Caddie , put , Tea, Bogey are the terms related to which sports.
a) Hockey b) Golf c) Billiards d) Chess
66) A person who is unable to boy off his debts‟s called.
a) Bagger b) Miser c) Insolvent d) Spendthrift
67) Guan is the currying of.....
a) Japan b) China c) South Kored d) Myanmar
68) Give one word for one who eats every thing.
a) Drani voreous b) omnipotent
c) Omniscient d) omni potent
69) Capital of lakshadweep is
a) Silvassa b) Kavaratti c) Port blai‟s d) Daman
70) The president of India hold office for a terms
a) 3 years b) 21 years c) 5 years d) 6 years
71) The first indian to win a gold medal at the olympics is.
a) Abhinav Bindra b) Sushil Kumar
c) Leander Peas d) None
72) Find the missing number 5, 6, 10, 19, 35 ?
a) 60 b) 70 c) 80 d) 90
73) Study of sounds is known as.
a) Phonetics b) Semantics c) stylistics d) None
74) Idiom - “To cool one‟s heels” means?
a. To rest for sometime
b. to give no importance some
c. To remain in comfortable position
d. To be kept waiting for sometime
75) To following are all computing devices except.
a) Note book computers b) cellular to be phones
c) Digital scanner d) personal digital assistant
76) Select the one which is different Rhombus, square, Pentagon, circle
a) Rhombus b) square c) pentagon d) circle
77) National game of USA is
a) foot ball b) Ice hockey c) base ball d) basket ball
78) Complete the series 0.5, 2, 4.5, 8, 12.5.
a) 18 b) 17 c) 16 d) 16.5
79) Select the one which is different from the other these.
a) Ink-pen b) Dust-vaccum cleaner
c) petrol - car d) flectrikity - computers
80) Who is the authors of the book „Wing of fire‟?
a) Abj Abadul kalam b) Jawahar lal Nehru
c) Indira Gandhi d) Vikram Seth
81) What is the appropriate technology to be adopted for rural
electrification and cooking.
a) Electricity b) Nuclear energy c) Tidal energy d) Biogas
82) In the numbers from 100 to 1000, how many times digit 1 comes at the
ten‟s place
a) 9 b) 90 c) 100 d) 900
83) Arrange the following words according to the English dictionary
a) 1. Voyage b) voice c) vocation d) volume
a) 2,4,3,1 b) 3,2,4,1 c) 2,3,4,1 d) 3,4,2,1
84) Who scored the highest individual score (264 suns) in one day
instructional cricket match against Srilanka ?
a) Virat Kohli b) Rohit Sharma
c) Suresh Raina d) Skhikhar Dhawan
85) Instrument used to measure the strength of an electric current is called.
a) Voltmeter b) Ammeter
c) Hydrometer d) None
86) A paper written in one owns handwriting is called.
a) Manuscript b) Scroll c) Parchment d) Transcripts
87) In which state Malyalam language is spoken.
a) Kerala b) Karnataka c) TamilNadu d) None
88) The product of two numbers is 336. Their sum exceeds their difference by 28. The
number are.
a) 42,8 b) 24,14 c) 21,16 d) 48,7
89) Yash is at 21st position in a class of 51 boys what is his position from the end
a) 27 b) 31 c) 29 d) 28
90) Select the related word - Ave : Chp : Needle : ?
a) Knit b) Trim c) Draw d) Plough
91) Which is the first country to launch satellite in space?
a) Russia b) USA c) UK d) France
92) Who won 2014 FIFA Football world cup?
a) Germany b) Argentina c) Brozil d) Spin
93) In certain code when is written as Ugfo. How is police written in that language.
a) ONK HBD b) ONKJBF c) OPKJBF d) QPMHRD
94) Time takes for the sunlight to reach the earth is about.
a) 6 min 5 sec b) 8 min 3 sec c) 9 min 8 sec d) 10 min 3 sec
95) Paper was invented in
a) India b) China c) Fgypt d) Greece
96) Who are the first winners of Dada-Sahab Phalke Award?
a) Prithvi raj Kapoor b) Dilip kumars
d) Deva Anand d) Devika Rani
97) Largest gulf in the world is.
a) Gulf of Oman b) Gulf of Aden c) Gulf of Mexico d) Persian
Gulf
98) Synonym of the world clandestine is
a) Useful b) Dangerous c) Secret d) family
99) A person who is specially interested in the study of coins and medals
a) Medallist b) coinist c) Namismatist d)
Numerist
100) Select the correct meaning of the idiom - red letter day.
a) A colourful day b) fatal da
c) happy and significant day d) hopelessday
101) Junk email is called.
a) spoof b) spam c) scrap d) spill
102) Select the word which cannot be formed using the letters of the word
“SUPERVISION”
a) REVISION b)PERSON c) NOISE d)
POISON
103) Rs. 700 are distributed among A, B and C such that a gets half of what b gets
and B gets half of what C gets what‟s the share of C
a) 600 b) 400 c) 300 d) 200
104) Common name of nitrous oxide is
a) Laughing gas b) Epsom c) Chloroform d) Marsh gas
105) Choose the correct alternative I love him because he is a good man by heart
a) at heart b) of heart c) in heart d) none
106) Select the related word - Life ! Death !! HDPE
a) weep b) Pain c) Disappointments d) unhappiness
107) A is 40 m south - west of B, C is 40 m south of B C is in which direction of A
a) South b) West c) East d) North east
108) Which of the following fraction is the smallest
a) 7/13 b) 14/33 c) 11/25 d) 8/15
109) What will the reciprocal of the product of the reciprocals of 3/5 and 7/3.
a. a) 1/42 b) 7/5 c) 4/5 d) 36/55
110) 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.8 + 09 = ?
a) 24/9 b) 2 5/9 c) 3 5/9 d) 2 1/9
111) 61/4 x 0.25 + 0.75 - 0.3125 = ?
a) 6.732 b) 5.25 c) 2 d) 3.625
Indian Scientists & Inventions
Ancient Rishi (Scientists)
1. Aryabhatt : Astronomer Mathematician Arithmetic, Algebra, Trigonometry, Invention of
Zero, Probable value of a Pie, Established that Earth, revolves on its axis.
2. Varah Mihir : Astronomer Mahte,atocoam amd Astrologer
3. Sushrut : Ayurvedacharya and Astrologer Mathematician
4. Charak : Ayurveacharya Author of Charak Samhita. He was Vaidya of Kushan state
5. Bhaskaracharya : MathematicianPioneer of Decimal
Modern Scientists
1. Chandrashekhar Venkatraman : Physics and Maths, Inventor of Raman Effect
Honored with Bharat Rathna, Noble Prize and Lenin Peace Award.
2. Jagdishchandra Bose : Physics, Biology, Botany Archaeology
3. Homi Jahangir Bhabha : Pioneer of Nuclear Programme, Cosmic Rays and Point Particle
4. Birbal Sahani : (Puravanspatishastra)
5. PrafykchandraROy (P.C. Roy) : Chemistry
6. Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar : Chemistry
7. Meghnad Shah : Physics
8. Sundarlal Hora : Biology
GALLANTRY AWARDS
Wartime / Peacetime Service and gallantry awards
1. Sena Medal
2. Navya Sena Medal
3. Vayusena Medal
Bharat Ratna Award
1966 – Lal Bahadur Shastri (Posthumous)
1971 – Smt. Indira Gandhi
1975 – V.V. Giri
Recipients of “Param Vir Chakara” are as under :
1961 – Capt. Guru Bachan Singh Salariya (Posthumous)
1962 – Major jan Singh Thapa, Subedar joginder Singh, Major Shaitan Singh (Posthumous)
1965 – Abdul Hamid (Posthumous)
1971 – Lt Col A. V. Tarpor (Posthumous), Major Kumar Pandey (Posthumous), Grenadier
Yogender Singh Yadav and Rifleman Sanjay Kumar – al Kargil war heroes for displaying
valour of the highest order during Operation Vijay.
Gandhi Peace Prize:
1965 – U. Thant (3rd UN Secretary Gneral)
1966 – Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. [US Civil Rights Leader (awarded posthumously)]
1968 – Yahudi Manuhin (Violinist)
1970 – Dr. Kenneth Kaunda (President of Zambia)
1971 – Marshal J. B. Tito (Father of mOdern Yugoslavia)
1972 – Andre Malaraux (French author)
1973 – Dr. Julius Nyerere (President of Tanzania)
Abbreviation
Stands For Abbreviation
Stands For
AC Alternate Current OR Air Conditioner IBA Indian Bank Association
ACC Ancillary Cadet Core ICBM Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile
AD Ano Domini (After the birth of Jesus) WHO World Health Organisation
ADB Asian Development Bank WILL Wireless in Local Loop
AEC Atomic Energy Commission WIPO World Intellectual Property Organisation
BAMS Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery WLL-M Mobile Warless in Local Loop
BARC Bhabha Atomic Research Centre WMO World Meteorological Organisation
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation ZBB Zero Based Budgeting
BC Before Christ (Before the birth of Jesus) ZSI Zoological Survey of India
BCG Bacillus Chalmette Guerin (Anti TB Vaccine) KG Kinder Garten
CAG Comptroller and Auditor General KYC Know Your Customer
CBI Central Bureau of Investigation LIC Life Insurance Corporation of India
CBSE Central Board of Secondary Education LLB Bachelor of Law
C-DAC Central For Development of Advance Computing
LLM Master of Law
BSNL Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. LMG Light Machine Gum
CASA Current Account and Savings Account deposits
LoC Line of Control (Pakistan)
DDT Dichloro Diphenyle Tri-chloromethane MA Master of Arts
DFDR Digital Flight Data Recorder (Black box) MBA Master of Business Administration
DIG Deputy Inspector General MBT Main Battle Tank
D.Litt Doctor of Literature MD Doctor of Medicine
DM District Magistrate MFN Most Favoured Nation
ECG Electro Cardiogram TTFI Table Tennis Federation of India
EDUSAT Education Satellite TELEX Telepointer Exchange
EEG Electro Encephalogram TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language
EPABX Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange
TRAI Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
EPZ Export Processing Zone TRIPS Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights
FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation UFO Unidentified Flying Object
FCI Fertilizer Corporation of India UGC University Grant Commission
FCI Food Corporation of India UNDP United Nations Development Programme
FDI Foreign Direct Investment UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
FDR Foreign Direct Recorder (Black Box) UNI United News of India
GAIL Gas Authority of India Limited VAT Value Added Tax
GATT General Agreement of Tariff and Trade VC Vice Chancellor
GDP Gross Domestic Product VIP Very Important Person
GIC General Insurance Corporation VPP Value Payable Post
GMT Greenwich Mean Time VRS Voluntary Retirement Scheme
HDFC Housing Development Finance Corporation NARI National AIDS Research Institute
HIV Human Immuno-deficiency Virus NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
HYVS High Yield Variety Seeds NBFC Non-Banking Financial Companies
IAAI International Airport Authority of India NCA National Cricket Academy
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency NCW National Commission for women
IARI Indian Agricultural Research Institute SC Security Council/Supreme Court
OGL Open General Licence SEBI Security Exchange Board of India
OIC Overseas Indian Citizenship SEWA Self Employed Woman’s Association
OK All Correct SFC State Financial Corporation
OGL Open General Licence SEBI Security Exchange Board of India
OIC Overseas Indian Citizenship SEWA Self Employed Woman’s Association
OK All Correct SFC State Financial Corporation
OPEC Organisation of Petroleum Exporting QIP Qualified Institutional Placement
Satellite Launch Date
Launch Vehicle
Aryabhatt 19-Apr-75 U-11 Interkosmos
Bhaskara-I 7-June-79 C-1 Interkosmos
Rohini Technology Payload 10-Aug-79 SLV-3
Rohini RS-I 18-Jul-80 SLV-3
Rohini RS-D1 31-May-81 SLV-3
Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment 19-June-81 Ariane-1 (V-3)
INSAT-1C 21-Jul-88 Ariane-3
INSAT-ID 12-Jun-90 Delta 4925
IRS-1B 29-Aug-91 Vostok
INSAT- DT 26-Feb-92 Ariane-44LH10
Stretched Rohini Satellite Series (SROSS-C) 20-May-92 ASLV
INSAT-2A 10-Jul-92 Ariane-44LH10
IRS-1D 29-Sep-97 PSLV-C1
INSAT-2E 4-Apr-99 Ariane-42P H10-36
Oceansat-1 (IRS-P4) 26-May-99 PSLV-C2
INSAT-3B 22-Mar-00 Ariane-5G
INSAT-4A 22-DEC-05 Ariane-5GS
INSAT-4C 10-Jul-06 GSLV-F02
CARTOSAT-2 10-Jan-07 PSLV-C7
Space Capsule Recovery 10-Jan-07 PSLV-C7
INSAT-4B 12-Mar-07 Ariane-5ECA
Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) 5-Nov-13 PSLV-C25
IRNSS-1B 10-Nov-14 PSLV-C26
GSAT-16 7-Dec-14 Ariane-5`
IRNSS-1D 28-Mar-15 PSLV-C27
HIGHEST CIVILIAN AWARD OF INDIAN REPUBLIC – BHARAT RATNA
Bharat Ratna Award Winners
1954 1. Shri C. Rajagopalachari 2. Shri S. Radhakrishnan 3. Dr. C.V. Raman
1955 1. Dr. Bhawandas 2. Sir M. Vishvesaraiya 3. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
1957 Pt. Govindvallabh Pant
1958 Shri Dhondo Keshav Karve
1961 1. Shri Purushottamdas Tandan 2. Dr. Bindhanchandra Roy
1962 Dr. Rajendraprasad
1963 1. Dr. Zakir Hussain 2. Shri P.V. Kane
1999 1.Prof. Amaruta Sen 2.Lokpriya Gopinath Bardoli
2001 1. Lata Dinanath Mangeshkar 2. Ustad Bismillakhan
2009 Pt. Bhimsen Joshi
2014 1. Sachin Tendulakr 2. C.N.R. Rao
2015 1. Atal Bihari Vajpayee 2. Madan Mohan Malaviya
GYANPITH AWARDS
Year Name Works Language
1965 G. Sankara Kurup Odakkuzhal Malayalam
1966 Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay Ganadevta Bengali
1974 Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar Yayati Marathi
1975 P.V. Akilan Chittrappavai Tamil
1976 Ashapoorna Devi Pratham Pratisruti Bengali
1992 Naresh Mehta Contribution in Literature Oriya
Geographical Surnames
Sobriquets Nicknames
Bengal’s Sorrow Damdoar River
Blue Mountains Nilgiri Hills
China’s Sorrow Hwang-Ho
City of Dreaming Spires Oxford
Cockpit of Europe Belgium
Dark Continent Africa
Empire City New York
Eternal City/ City of Seven Hiils Rome
Gateway of India Mumbai
Gift of Nile Egypt
Hermit Kingom Korea
Holy Land Jersalem
Island od Oearls Bahrain
Island of Cloves Zanzibar
Key to Mediterranean Gibralter
Land of Maple Leaf Canada
Land of Rising sun Japan
Land of Golden Fleece Australia
Land of Kangaroo Australia
Land of Midnight Sun Norway
Land of White elephants Korea
Land of Morning Calm Thailand
Playground of Europe Switzerland
Queen of Adriatic Venice
Roof of the World Pamirs
Pink City Jaipur
Sickman of Wurope Turkey
Sugar Bowl of the world Cuba
Venice of the North Srockholm
Major Thermal Power Projects
Badarpur Thermal Power Station Delhi
Bandel Thermal Power Station West Bengal
Barauni Thermal Power Station Bihar
Dhuvaran Thermal Power Station Gujarat
Ennore Thermal Power Station Tamil Nadu
Guru Nanak Thermal Power Station Punjab
Harduaganj Thermal Power Station Uttar Pradesh
Hussain Saar Thermal Station Uttar Pradesh
Koradi Thermal Power Station Andhra Pradesh
Kordi Thermal Power Station Maharashtra
Kothagudam Thermal Project Andhra Pradesh
Kundd Power projet Tamil Nadu
Muzaffarpur Thermal Power Station Bihar
Naharkatiya Thermal Project Assam
Nasik Power Station Maharashtra
North Gujarat HTermal Power Station Gujarat
Obra Thermal power Station Uttar Pradesh
Panki Thermal Power Station Uttar Pradesh
Patratu Thermal Power Station Bihar
Ramagundem Thermal Station Andhra Pradesh
Satpura Thermal Station Madhya Pradesh
Santaldih Thermal Scheme West Bengal
Talcher Thermal Power Station Odisha
Trombay Thermal power Project Maharashtra
Ukai THemral Power Project Gujarat
Upper Sileru Power Station Andhra Pradesh
Indian Peaks
Peak Height in Meters K-2 8611
Kanchanjunga 8598
Nanga Parbat 8126
Gasher Brum 8068
Broad Peak 8047
Disteghil Sar 7885
Masher Brum E 7821
Nanda Devi 7817
Masher Brum W 7806
Rakaposhi 7788
Kamet 7756
Saser Kangri 7672
Chaukhamba 7138
Trishul 7138
President of India Name From To
Dr. Rajendra Prasad (only president who was elected for two consecutive terms)
26 Jan’1950 13 May’1962
Dr. S. Radhakrishnan 13 May’ 1962 13 May’1967
Dr. Zakir Hussain (Expired on office) 13 May’1967 03 May’1969
V.V. Giri (Acting) 03 May’1969 20 July’1969
M. Hidhyatullah (Acting) 20 July’ 1969 24 Aug’1969
V.V. Giri 24 Aug’ 1969 24 Aug’1969
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 24 Aug’ 1974 11 Feb’1977
B. D. Jatti (Acting) 11 Feb’ 1977 25 July’1977
Neelam Snajeeva Reddy (Only president who was elected unopposed)
25 July’ 1977 25 July’1982
Giaani Zail singh 25 July’ 1982 25 July’1987
R. Venkataraman 25 July’ 1987 25 July’1992
Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma 25 July’ 1992 25 July’1997
K. R. Narayananan 25 July’ 1997 25 July’2002
Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam 25 July’2002 25 July’2007
Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil 25 July’2007 25 July’2012
Pranab Mukherjee 25 July’2012
Vice Presidents of India
Name From To
Dr. S. Radhakrishnan 1952 1962
Dr. Zakir Hussain 1962 1967
V.V. Giri 1967 1969
Gopal Swarup Patahk 1969 1974
B.D. Jatti 1974 1979
Jusrice M. Hidayatullah 1979 1984
R. Venkataraman 1984 1987
Dr. Shanker Dayal Sharma 1987 1992
K.R. Narayanan 1992 1997
Krishna Kant (27th July, died in office) 1997 2002
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat 2002 2007
Mohammad Hamid Ansari 2007
Chief Election Commissioners of India
Name From To
Mr. Sukimar 21-03-1950 19-12-1958
Mr. K.V.K. Sundaram 20-12-1958 30-09-1967
Mr. S.P. Sen Verma 01-10-1967 30-09-1972
Dr. Nagendraa Singh 01-10-1972 06-02-1973
Mr. T. Swaminathan 07-02-1973 17-06-1977
Mr. S.L. Shakdhar 18-06-1977 17-06-1982
Mr. R.K. Trivedi 18-06-1982 31-12-1985
Mr. R.V.S. Peri Sastri 01-01-1986 25-12-1990
Mrs. V.S. Rama Devi 26-11-1990 11-12-1990s
Mr. T.N. Sheshan 12-12-1990 11-12-1996
Dr. M.S. Gill 12-12-1996 13-06-2001
Mr. J. M. Lyngdoh 13-06-2001 07-02-2004
Mr. T. S. Krishnamurthy 08-02-2004 15-05-2005
Mr. B.B> Tandan 16-05-2005 28-06-2006
Mr. N. Gopalaswami 29-06-2006 20-04-2009
Namvin Chawla 21-04-2009 29-07-2010
S.Y. Quraishi 30-07-2010 10-07-2012
V.S. Sampath 10-06-2012
Miscellaneous
Continents of the world
Continents Area (Sq. km)
Aisa 41667920
Africa 29800540
Norht America 24320000
South America 17599050
Antarctica 14245000
Europe 9699550
Australia 7687120
Oceans of the world
Name Area (Sq. km) Greatest Depth
Pacific 166,240000 Mariana Trench
Atlantic 86,560000 Puerto Rico Trench
Indian 73430000 Java Trench
Acrtic 13230000
Famous Scientist Inventions
Neils Hendrik & David Bohr
Bohr Model of Atom
Johannes Gutenberg
Letterpress printing press also known as mechanical printing press.
Albert Einstein Theory of Relativity, photoelectric effect and lots more
Rudolf Diesel Combustion engine
Wilhelm Conrad X-ray
Unit of Measurements
Quantity Units (S.I.)
Length Metre
Time Second
Mass Kilogram
Area Square metre
Volume Cubic Metre
Velocity Metre/second
Acceleration Metre/second square
Density Kilogram/metre cube
Momentum Kilogram metre/second
Work Joule
Energy Joule
Force Newton
Pressure Pascal or Newton/sq. metre
Viscosity Poise
Surface tension Newton/square metre
Heat Joule
Temperature Kelvin
Temperature Kelvin
Absolute temperature Kelvin
Resistance Ohmm
Electric current Ampere
Electromotive force Volt
Electrical conductivity Ohm/metre
Electric energy Kilowatt hour
Electric power Kilowatt hour
Magnetic intensity Orsted
Charge Coulomb
Frequency Hertz
Power Watt
Weight Newton or Kilogram
Impulse Newton-second
Angular velocity Radian/second
Magnetic induction Gauss
Luminous flux Candela
Intensity of sound Decibel
Power of lens Dioptre
Depth of sea Fathom
Chief Justice of India
Name From To
Harilal J. Kania 26-01-1950 06-11-1951
M. paranjali Sastri 07-11-1951 03-01-1954
Mehar Chand Mahajan 04-01-1954 22-12-1954
B. K. Mukherjee 23-12-1954 31-01-1956
S. R. Das 01-02-1956 30-09-1959
Bhuvanshwar Pd. Sinha 01-10-1959 31-01-1964
P. B. Gajendragadkar 01-02-1964 15-03-1966
A. K. Sarkar 16-06-1966 29-06-1966
K. Subba Rao 30-06-1966 11-04-1967
K. N. Wanchoo 12-04-1967 24-02-1968
M. Hidayatullah 25-02-1968 16-12-1970
J. C. Shah 17-12-1970 21-01-1971
S. M. Sikari 22-01-1971 25-04-1973
A.N. Ray 26-04-1973 27-01-1977
M.H. Beg 28-01-1977 21-02-1985
Y. V. Chandrachud 22-02-1978 11-07-1985
Prafullachandra anrvarlal Bhagwati 12-07-1985 20-12-1986
R.S. Pathak 21-12-1986 18-06-1989
E.S. Venkataramiah 19-06-1989 17-12-1989
Sabyasachi Mukherjee 18-12-1989 25-06-1990
Ranganath Mishra 26-09-1990 24-11-1991
Kamal Nrain Singh 25-11-1991 12-12-1991
M. H. Kania 13-12-1991 17-11-1992
Lalit Mohan Swharma 18-11-1992 11-02-1993
M.N. Venkatachalish 18-11-1992 11-02-1993
Aziz Mukhabber Ahmadi 25-10-1994 24-03-1997
Jagadish Saran Verma 25-03-1997 17-01-1998
Madan Mohan Punchhi 18-01-1998 09-10-1998
Adarsh Sen Anand 10-10-1998 31-10-2001
S.P. Bharucha 01-11-2001 05-05-2002
B.N. Kirpal 06-05-2002 08-11-2002
Gopal Ballav Paanaik 09-11-2002 19-12-2002
Visheshwar Nath Khare 19-12-2002 01-01-2004
Rajender Babu For one month
Ramesh Chandra Lahoti 01-06-2004 01-11-2005
Y.K. Savhaewal 01-11-2005 14-01-2007
K.G. Balakrishnan 13-01-2007 11-05-2010
S.H. Kapadia 12-05-2010 28-09-2012
Altams Kabir 29-09-2012 18-06-2013
P. Sathasivam 19-06-2013 26-04-2014
Rajendra mal Lodha 27-04-2014
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