vtp protocol
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VLAN Trunkingprotocol
CCNA Exploration Semester 3
Chapter 4
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Topics
!he role o" #$AN !r%n&ing 'roto(ol )#!'*
+peration o" #!'
Con"ig%re #!' on s,it(hes
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Semester 3
LAN Design
Basic Switch
Concepts
VLANs
VTP
STP
Inter-VLAN
routing
ireless
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Purpose o! VTP
-o% (an (reate #$ANs on a s,it(h.
What i" o% ha/e the same #$ANs on 10
lin&ed s,it(hes +r 100 lin&ed s,it(heso o% ha/e to (reate the #$ANs on e/er
s,it(h and allo, them on ea(h tr%n&
#!' helps.
%t o% still ha/e to assign a((ess ports to
#$ANs on ea(h s,it(h.
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VTP "omain
ro%p o" laer 2 s,it(hes sharing #$AN data.
Ends at ro%ter or laer 3 s,it(h.
S,it(h (an be lin&ed b%t not part o" domain.Ea(h s,it(h (an belong to onl one domain.
omain is de"ined b its name.
'roprietar to Cis(o so all s,it(hes indomain m%st be Cis(o s,it(hes.
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VTP ser#er
+ne s,it(h a(ts as ser/er.
Create #$ANs on this s,it(h.
6n"ormation sa/ed in /lan.dat.Ser/er sends #$AN in"ormation to (lient
s,it(hes o/er a(ti/e tr%n& lin&s.
Add delete rename #$ANs on ser/er.e"a%lt mode o" s,it(h is ser/er.
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VTP client
Client re(ei/es #$AN in"ormation "rom ser/er.
Client s,it(hes then ha/e the same #$ANs
as the ser/er.Client does not sa/e #$AN in"ormation. 6t is
held onl in 8A and lost i" s,it(h is
po,ered o"".
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VTP mo"es
Ser/er ; de"a%lt mode. Sends #$AN
in"ormation to other s,it(hes.
Client ; re(ei/es #$AN in"ormation and"or,ards it to other s,it(hes.
!ransparent ; "or,ard #!' tra""i( b%t do not
originate or %se it. !he (an ha/e their o,n
#$ANs not shared ,ith other s,it(hes.
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VTP "e!aults
#ersion 1. )#ersions 2 and 3 also exist.*
#!' domain name is not set.
#!' mode ser/er+ne a(ti/e #$AN #$AN 1
Con"ig%ration re/ision n%mber 0
An s,it(hes added to a domain sho%ld be inthe de"a%lt (ondition or the ma send
%n,anted in"ormation to other s,it(hes.
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Show #tp status
#!' #ersion axim%m #$ANs S%pported N%mber o" Existing #$ANs
#!' +perating ode< ser/er (lient or transparent. #!' omain Name #!' 'r%ning ode #!' #2 ode )disabled b de"a%lt* #!' !raps eneration 5 igest )(he(&s%m o" #!' (on"ig%ration* Con"ig%ration $ast odi"ied
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VTP a"#ertisements
Consist o" #!' header and #!' message
En(aps%lated inside Ethernet "rame ,ith tag
to pass o/er tr%n& lin&.estination AC address is m%lti(ast
address 01
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VTP message hea"er
omain name
omain name length
#ersion < #!' 1 or #!' 2 on Cis(o 290s,it(h.
Con"ig%ration re/ision n%mber
+ther "ields depending on tpe o" message.
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Con!iguration re#ision num$er
32
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Summar% a"#ertisement
Sent immediatel a"ter a (hange is made
,ith %pdated re/ision n%mber.
Sent e/er 5 min%tes b ser/ers and (lientsto (he(& on (%rrent #!' (on"ig%ration
re/ision n%mber.
Contains the #!' domain name the (%rrent
re/ision n%mber and other #!' (on"ig%rationdetails.
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VTP Summar% a"#ertisement
A s,it(h re(ei/es a s%mmar ad/ertisement.
Compares domain name to its o,n domain name.
6" name is di""erent the s,it(h ignores the pa(&et.
6" the name is the same the s,it(h (ompares the
re/ision n%mber to its o,n re/ision n%mber.
N%mber higher or e=%al ignored the pa(&et.
N%mber lo,er sends an ad/ertisement re=%est.
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&e'uest A"#ertisement
Sent b (lient to ser/er i">
!he #!' domain name has been (hanged
!he s,it(h re(ei/es a s%mmarad/ertisement ,ith a higher (on"ig%ration
re/ision n%mber than its o,n
A s%bset ad/ertisement message is missed
"or some reason
!he s,it(h has been reset
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Su$set a"#ertisement
Contains #$AN in"ormation. Se/eral ma be
needed i" there is a lot o" in"ormation.
Sent b ser/er in response to a re=%est ora"ter> Creating or deleting a #$AN
S%spending or a(ti/ating a #$AN
Changing the name o" a #$AN
Changing the !? o" a #$AN
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Su$set a"#ertisement
#ersion Code Se=
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Su$set a"#ertisement VLAN in!o
#$AN6S$ #$AN 6 !? si@e
:02.10 index
#$AN name )padded to m%ltiple o" 4 btes*
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Pros an" cons
Small net,or& ; dont bother ,ith #!'.ig net,or& ; good "or (onsisten( and
easier to ma&e (hanges.Ser/er s,it(hes need lots o" "lash memor
(lients do not.8ed%ndan( ; dont ha/e e/erthing on one
ser/er s,it(h.'roblems "rom large domains.Extreme (are ,hen adding a s,it(h.
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h% transparent(
'%t a s,it(h in transparent mode i" it has
lo(al #$ANs that are not on other s,it(hes.
!he other s,it(hes do not need to &no,
abo%t them.
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VTP pruning
isabled b de"a%lt
Enable it on one ser/er in domain.
Stops #$AN tra""i( "rom being sent on lin&sthat do not lead to de/i(es on that #$AN.
C%ts do,n on tra""i( on tr%n& lin&s.
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Domain names an" passwor"s
Con"ig%re a domain name on the "irst ser/er
s,it(h. !he other s,it(hes ,ill learn it.
6" o% (on"ig%re it on other s,it(hes (he(&
that it is exa(tl the same. 6t is (ase sensiti/e.
6" o% %se a pass,ord then it m%st be exa(tl
the same on all s,it(hes.
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Versions
#!' /ersion 1 is %sed b de"a%lt on Catalst
s,it(hes b%t the (an %se /ersion 2.
6" o% (on"ig%re /ersion 2 on one s,it(h then
the other s,it(hes sho%ld learn the ne,
/ersion and (hange to it.
6" a s,it(h is not (apable o" r%nning /ersion 2
then it ,ill not ex(hange ad/ertisements.
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Con!igure VTP
Con"ig%re #!' ,ith a domain name be"ore
(reating #$ANs on the ser/er.
Existing #$ANs are remo/ed ,hen o% start
to (on"ig%re #!'.
Che(& that lin&s are tr%n& lin&s.
Con"ig%re (lient s,it(hes to (lient mode.
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Comman"s on ser#er
SW1)(on"ig*B#tp "omain cisco)
SW1)(on"ig*B#tp passwor" cisco
)'ass,ord is optional*Ser/er mode is de"a%lt b%t i" it ,as (hanged>
SW1)(on"ig*B#tp mo"e ser#er
#ersion 1 is de"a%lt b%t (ommand is>SW1)(on"ig*B#tp #ersion )
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Comman"s on ser#er
Create #$ANs
Che(& that lin& is a tr%n&.
Che(& #!' operationSW1B show #tp status
Assign s,it(h ports to #$ANs.
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Client con!iguration
SW2)(on"ig*B#tp mo"e client
Che(& that lin& is a tr%n&.Che(& #!' operation
SW2B show #tp status
Assign s,it(h ports to #$ANs.
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Things to check
#!' #ersion. 6t needs to be the same on all
s,it(hes in the domain.
omain name. 6s it exa(tl the same on all
s,it(hes #!' 'ass,ord i" an. 6s it exa(tl the same on all
s,it(hes
Che(& that there is at least one ser/er. etter to
ha/e at least t,o.
6" o% re(entl added a ne, s,it(h had its re/ision
n%mber been set to 0
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!he End
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