warm-up: write a homework reminder! remember, you must include the analogy with the name of the...

Warm-Up:

Write a homework reminder! Remember, you must include the analogy with the name of the organelle and function - do QUALITY WORK!

Update your table of contents!

Date Session#

Activity Page#

2/4 & 2/5

3 Cellular Processes – Intro to STERNGRR 6

Data Folders

You will get your data folder and file all of your tests and quizzes from last quarter.

While you wait, review your notes so you will do better during the Quick Ticket Review!

Quick Ticket Review

Cells contain organelles and each organelle has a specific function to keep the cell alive…lets see if you remember!

Quick Ticket Review

Makes the energy for the cell

Quick Ticket Review

Stores materials like water, nutrients

and waste

Quick Ticket Review

Sends proteins where they are

needed

Quick Ticket Review

Produces food energy through

photosynthesis

Quick Ticket Review

Semi-permeable barrier that controls

what enters or leaves

Quick Ticket Review

What does semi-permeable mean?

Quick Ticket Review

Provides structure and protection in

plant cells

Quick Ticket Review

Liquid that supports organelles and holds

them in place

Quick Ticket Review

Builds proteins

Quick Ticket Review

Controls the cell and contains the DNA

Quick Ticket Review

Packages and delivers materials to make proteins

Quick Ticket Review

Larger storage area found in plant cells

Quick Ticket Review

Digests or breaks down materials

Review

Take it back a little further…

Quick Ticket Review

The study of life

Quick Ticket Review

5 Characteristics of a Living Thing

Quick Ticket Review

A living thing made up of at least one cell

Quick Ticket Review

Organism made up of many cells

Quick Ticket Review

The smallest unit of any living thing

Quick Ticket Review

Organism made up of only one cell

Quick Ticket Review

Type of cell that has a nucleus

Quick Ticket Review

3 Points of The Cell Theory

Quick Ticket Review

Eukaryotic cells usually go with which type of

organism?

Quick Ticket Review

Type of cell that does not have a

nucleus

Quick Ticket Review

Prokaryotic cells go with which type of

organism?

Quick Ticket Review

Which organisms are Eukaryotic and

Unicellular?

Quick Ticket Review

What do all cells need to function?

Quick Ticket Review

How do plant cells make their energy?

Quick Ticket Review

How do animal cells make their energy?

5 Characteristics of a Living Thing -Expanded Details

Organized Structure - cells & their organelles - DNA/genetic codes

Grow and Develop – making new cells, repair of cells

Respond to Environment – adapts, reacts to stimuli

Reproduction – producing offspring Uses/needs energy – photosynthesis

& cellular respiration

Review

The two main processes for creating energy in a cell are Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration but there are many more processes that ensure cell function & survival!

(Metabolic) Cellular Processes:The processes we will discuss…STERNGRR

1. Synthesis (photosynthesis would fit here)

2. Transport3. Excretion4. Regulation5. Nutrition6. Growth7. Respiration (cellular respiration would fit here)

8. Reproduction

Synthesis How organisms build necessary materials Examples:

Protein Synthesis: making proteins Photosynthesis: plants make food using energy from sunlight

Synthesis

Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?

Transport

How organisms get what they need to cells (moving materials within the organism) Examples:

Active Transport vs. Passive Transport

Transport

Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?

Excretion

How organisms get rid/break down their waste and balance their fluids Examples:

Removing anything unnecessary from the cell

Excretion

Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?

Regulation

How organisms control body processes Examples:

Important to homeostasis - to maintain balance within the body and adapt to changes

Sweating – reduces body temperature

Regulation

Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?

Sweating – reduces body temperature

Nutrition How organisms get or obtain food Examples:

Fungi decompose dead remains (decomposer) Plants make their own food (autotroph) Animals consume other organisms and absorb food (heterotroph)

Nutrition

Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?

Growth

How organisms make new cells and develop and repair necessary body parts Example: Cell division (Mitosis)

Grow – to get larger in size; body size

Develop – to change due to hormonal or mental cues

Growth

Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?

Grow – to get larger in size; body size

Develop – to change due to hormonal or mental cues

Respiration

How organisms make usable energy

Example:

Respiration

Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?

Example:

Reproduction Organisms produce offspring to prevent extinctionExamples:

Mitosis & Meiosis Sexual or Asexual Reproduction

Reproduction

Which organelles would mainly be involved in these processes?

A Gummy Situation We are going to use your gummy bear to

demonstrate some of the cellular processes and vocabulary next class.

Name your gummy bear, and write the name on the masking tape.

Fill your container with water – enough to cover a gummy bear, but not so much that it will spill out when you place the bear in!

Put your bear in the water filled container, put the lid on, and put the masking tape label over the lid.

Part 1: Create a Hypothesis… If I leave my gummy bear

baby in water until Friday, then…..because…..

Relationship Sets – “Self Vocab Quiz” You will create 10 “relationship sets”

or sentences to show that you understand the relationship between the vocabulary words from the last 3 lessons.

Minimum of 2 words per sentence, but no maximum.

You may repeat words, but be careful not to write the same concept over and over.

Relationship Sets – “Self Vocab Quiz”

Bueno (Good): Cellular respiration is the process through which animal cells create energy, and the main organelle involved in this process is the mitochondria.

No Bueno (No Good): Organisms can be both biotic or abiotic because they are made of cells.

Warm-Up: Write your homework – get it

stamped! Put your Cell Analogies in the

basket! If you did not turn your relationship

sets in last class, please turn those in as well!

Date Session#

Activity Page#

2/6 & 2/7

4 Cellular Processes – In Depth 7

Cellular ProcessesCellular processes are things needed to keep the cell alive.

1. Photosynthesis2. Cellular Respiration3. Transport

Active Passive

DiffusionOsmosis

4. Mitosis

1. Photosynthesis

Plant cells use energy from the sun, carbon dioxide and water to make food.

Reactants Process Products

Carbon DioxideWaterEnergy (sunlight)

The chloroplasts take the sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make food

Sugars (glucose) Oxygen

Chemical Formula for Photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy from Sunlight ---> 6O2 + C6H12O6

STOP & THINK: Is this endothermic or exothermic?

2. Cellular Respiration

Animal Cells then use the oxygen and sugars to “breathe” and make energy (ATP)

Reactants Process Products

Sugars (glucose)Oxygen

The mitochondria takes the sugar and the oxygen and makes energy

Carbon DioxideWaterEnergy (ATP)

Chemical Formula for Cellular Respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

STOP & THINK: Is this endothermic or exothermic?

Turn & Talk:Cellular Respiration Question

Why do you breathe more when you’re running around than when you’re sitting watching television?

Cellular Respiration Answer

Because you’re requiring more energy when you run than when you’re just sitting watching TV right?

So if you need more energy, then you need more oxygen to give you that energy so your cells undergo respiration!

3. TRANSPORT Things have to move in and out

of the cell

There are 2 types of transportActive TransportPassive Transport

Remember: Which organelle allows things to enter or leave the cell?

Active VS. Passive

Materials are moved in and out of cell using the cell’s energy

Materials are moved in and out of cell WITHOUT using the cell’s energyRemember:

Which organelle makes the energy for the cell again?

What is that process called when the cell makes energy?

Passive Transport

The cell uses 2 main processes to passively move materials in and out of the cell. Diffusion Osmosis

Diffusion

Process by which molecules spread out Move from areas of HIGH

concentration to LOW concentration

BUT WHY??

Equilibrium

Molecules don’t like to be crowded, so they spread out, or diffuse, until their concentration is equal everywhere, which is called equilibrium.

Turn & Talk:Diffusion Questions

What happens when you add Kool-Aid to water?

What happens when you keep adding water?

Diffusion Review Answer The Kool-Aid begins to diffuse

throughout the water until the Kool-Aid reaches equilibrium.

The Kool-Aid becomes less concentrated (both the color and the flavor) as you add more water.

Diffusion Demo

Osmosis

The diffusion of water through a membrane

Remember:

Which organelle would store water in the cell??

Which organelle would the water have to pass through to enter the cell again?

Turn & Talk:Osmosis Question

Why do your hands get wrinkly when you’re in the water for a long time?

Osmosis Review Answer

When your hands are in water for a long period time you wash off the oily substance that keeps water from entering your skin. So once that oily layer is washed away your skin becomes semi-permeable and water passes through the membrane, which is osmosis. Your hands become wrinkly because they are trying to reach equilibrium with the water, but only some of your skin is actually attached to the tissue underneath!!

Bonus – it is an evolutionary adaptation that helps us grip wet objects!

A Gummy Situation Part 2

Let’s take a break and check on our Gummy Bear Babies…

Using the following vocabulary words, explain what happened to your baby: Transport (distinguish whether it is

active or passive) Osmosis Diffusion/Diffuse Concentration Equilibrium

4. Mitosis

The steps a cell goes through to reproduce and make more cells so an organism can grow and repair itselfNew cell is an

exact copy of original cell

Mitosis

Mitosis is a process broken down into 4 parts: Part 1: Prophase Part 2: Metaphase Part 3: Anaphase Part 4: Telophase

Mitosis Use your book to fill out the

graphic organizer for Mitosis…Pages E82-E83

Prophase• Nuclear membrane disappears

• DNA condenses into chromosomes

Mitosis

Anaphase • Chromosomes split into two identical separate sets

• The 2 sets of chromosomes pull to the opposite ends of the cell

Metaphase• Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Mitosis

Telophase• 2 new nuclear membranes form

• The cell pinches and divides into 2 new cells!!

• cytoplasm is divided which is called cytokinesis

Mitosis & Binary Fission

Why do you think it is important for the DNA/chromosomes to be copied before the cell divides?

What is binary fission? How is it similar and different to mitosis?

Cells Alive Animation

Phases of Mitosis

http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

Tie it all Together… For the cells to carry out all of these

processes, what do they need? How do we get that energy? Do all foods give us the same

nutrients and therefore amount of energy?

So, how do we ensure that our cells stay healthy and are able to function?

HOMEWORK

Bring in a nutrition label from any food next class…feel free to bring extras for those who “forget!”

BYOT