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2.2 – Membrane Structure and Functions
Learning Goals Understand the Fluid Mosaic Model and how it relates to cell membranes Be able to explain how Phospholipid Bilayers form in water Determine the functions of membrane proteins
The Fluid Mosaic Model
_________________________________ – states that membrane proteins float freely throughout the ______________________
Membranes are not rigid with molecules locked into place
Membranes contain a mosaic (wide assortment) of proteins
______________________ – a membrane lipid attached to a carbohydrate group
______________________ - a membrane protein attached to a carbohydrate group
Both are involved in cell recognition/interaction
Role of Phospholipids Make up the
________________________________ __________________________________________
form bilayer in water (forms spontaneously) __________________________________________
help to stop membranes from becoming too rigid in cold temperatures and hold membranes together at higher temperatures
Integral Membrane Proteins
Peripheral Membrane Proteins
Role of Membrane Proteins
_____________________– transport substances across the membrane (ones that cannot simply diffuse)
Ex. May move larger amino acids across the membrane
_________________________ – help with cellular respiration/photosynthesis
Ex. ATP Synthase is used to create ATP
_________________________ – bind to chemicals and cause changes within the cell
Ex. Hormones bind to membrane protein causing chemical changes inside the cell
_______________________ – proteins can help anchor parts of the cytoskeleton
Ex. Proteins attach to microtubules
________________________ – allows cells to recognize one another and invading pathogens (diseases)
Ex. Neighboring cells can recognize one another based on specific proteins
Questions
1. What does the word “mosaic” mean in the Fluid Mosaic Model? What does the term “fluid” mean?
2. What is the difference between Glycoproteins and Glycolipids? Why do they both contain the word Glyco?
3. Explain the role of Cholesterol in cell membranes.
4. Explain the function of Proteins, Carbohydrates and Lipids in the cell membrane.
5. Explain the purpose of each of the 5 categories of membrane proteins. Include pictures.
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