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Freshwater Biome Notes• Freshwater biomes are characterized by the
speed at which the water is moving• Brooks , streams, and rivers are ecosystems
based on moving water• Tributary – a trickle or stream that joins a larger stream.
Freshwater Biomes Organisms that live in fast moving water have
special adaptations to avoid being swept away
Insect larvae live under rocks, and tadpoles use suction disks to hold onto rocks
Zones of Freshwater Systems Ponds and Lakes have different ecosystems
than streams and rivers Lake Superior is the largest lake in the world
Melting Snow
Waterfall
Tributary
Lake or Ocean
Littoral Zone
A) Littoral Zone - area where the water meets the land
- Plants include cattails, rushes, and water lilies
- Animals include snails, small arthropods, insects, clams, worms, frogs, salamanders, turtles, snakes, and various kinds of fish
B) Open-water Zone - extends from the littoral zone across the top of the water. Only goes as deep as light can reach.
- Plants include mostly phytoplankton
- Animals include bass, blue gill, trout, and other fish
C) Deep-water zone - part of the water where no light reaches and organisms feed on dead organic material.
- Plants include none
- Animals include catfish, carp, worms, insect larvae, crustaceans, fungi, and bacteria
Deep-water Zone
Open-water Zone
Types of Freshwater SystemsOther types of freshwater ecosystems that we will discuss are:
1. Wetlands 2. Marshes 3. Swamps
Wetlands An area of land where the water level is near or
above the surface for most of the year Plays an important role in flood control Support a variety of plant and animal life
Marshes A treeless wetland ecosystem where plants such as
cattails and rushes grow Some organisms nest near wetlands to escape
large predators
Swamps Type of wetland characterized by flooded trees Spanish moss and vines grow on the trees Water is very slow moving and causes lots of
growth on top of the water.
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