what is a cnc machine

What is a CNC machineand how it relates to programming?

By:Heydar ElahiM.Heydar.Elahi@Gmail.com

Who am I?

● Hak Felez Mashhad Co.

- IT & Electronics manager

- Researcher

- CNC developer

- Embedded systems designer/developer

How we used to make things!

Difficulties:

● Needed manpower● Needed plenty of time● Was in lower quality● Had higher costs● ...

Then we made these

Milling Machine Lathe Machine

But it was also manual

Problems:

● Was hard● Took time● Was dangerous ● Product was not precise● ...

We’ve needed to do things automatic! but HOW?

So we’ve combined things we had

+

Punched tape

Then Magnetic tape

Still there where problems

● Was hard to produce commands● Was annoying● Was hard to manage● Couldn’t do sophisticated things● ...

Just say what is CNCfor God's sake!

CNC stands forComputer(ized) Numerical Control

Then we’ve changed them with this...

And this!

How to program?

What was before?

By the end of the 50's, NC was starting to catch on, though there were still a number of issues. For example, G-Code, the nearly universal language of CNC we have today, did not exist. Each manufacturer was pushing its own language for defining part programs.

The Electronic Industry Alliance standardized g-code in the early 1960's.

(This program draws a 1" diameter circle about the

origin in the X-Y plane. )G17 G20 G90 G94 G54

G0 Z0.25

X-0.5 Y0.

Z0.1

G01 Z0. F5.

G02 X0. Y0.5 I0.5 J0. F2.5

X0.5 Y0. I0. J-0.5

X0. Y-0.5 I-0.5 J0.

X-0.5 Y0. I0. J0.5

G01 Z0.1 F5.

G00 X0. Y0. Z0.25

G-Code

or G programming languagenot to be confused with LabVIEW's G programming language.

(This program draws a 1" diameter circle about the origin in the X-Y plane. )G17 G20 G90 G94 G54

G0 Z0.25

X-0.5 Y0.

Z0.1

G01 Z0. F5.

G02 X0. Y0.5 I0.5 J0. F2.5

X0.5 Y0. I0. J-0.5

X0. Y-0.5 I-0.5 J0.

X-0.5 Y0. I0. J0.5

G01 Z0.1 F5.

G00 X0. Y0. Z0.25

G-Code problems

● Too many codes for small jobs● No graphic view● Couldn’t write code for more sophisticated

products● Needed to calculate and measure things

yourself● Each manufacturer has it’s own standard

of coding

Imagine you want to write a code for doing this job!

We invent CAD/CAM

CAD - Computer Aided Design

CAM - Computer Aided Machining

G-Code again!

Now we can do this easily

Also This

Or this

Or even this

And by changing tool we can cut

Can mark

Can weld

And nowadays we can print objects!

What do we do at the factory?

Our own CAD/CAM software

Our own machines

Some samples

Thank you all

and The Holy Google :)

By:Heydar ElahiM.Heydar.Elahi@Gmail.com