what is stem cells ? | stem cell applications

Gold medalist in medicine

Has felicitated by national and International awards for the outstanding work in the field of Regenerative Medicine

Recently felicitated by Ohio State University and was invited for the advanced training in organ development at US

He has several research and scientific publications on his name

A well transplant surgeon in the field of regenerative medicine, treated more than 2000 patients with cellular medicine

Has represented several National and International conference as a chief guest & chief speaker

Member of board of studies in academic programme in ITM university

Achievements

• Introduction of Stem cells as the building blocks• Stem cells – types• Practical Experience • Future - Drug Discovery in a dish - Organ Shop- fiction or reality? - Organ Development – 3D printing technology - Organ Development – Minimal Invasive Technique - Silicon chip technology• A paradigm shift from traditional medicine to cellular medicine – New

dimensions• Revamping of complete Regenerative Medicine

1998 - Researchers first extract stem cells from human embryos

1999 - First Successful human transplant of insulin-making cells from cadavers

2001 - President Bush restricts federal funding for embryonic stem-cell research

2002 - Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International creates $20 million fund-raising effort to support stem-cell research

2002 - California ok stem cell research

2004 - Harvard researchers grow stem cells from embryos using private funding

2004 - Ballot measure for $3 Billion bond for stem cells

Stem Cell HistoryStem Cell History

Stem Cell – Definition

A cell that has the ability to continuously divide and differentiate (develop) into various other kind(s)

of cells/tissues

Stages of Embryogenesis

blastocyst Blastocyst inner mass cells

8-cell stagecleavage

Blastocyst Diagram

Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC): received from:

Embryos created in vitro fertilizationAborted embryos

Adult Stem Cells (ASC): can be received from:

Limited tissues (bone marrow, muscle, brain) Discrete populations of adult stem cells generate replacements for

cells that are lost through normal wear and tear, injury or disease.

• IPSC’s reprogrammed cells

This cellCan form the

Embryo and placenta

This cellCan just form the

embryo

Fully mature

• Skin • Fat Cells• Bone marrow• Brain• Many other organs

& tissues

Adult Stem CellsAn undifferentiated cells found among specialized or differentiated cells in a tissue or organ after birth

Bone Marrow

Found in spongy bone where blood cells formUsed to replace damaged or destroyed bone marrow with

healthy bone marrow stem cells.treat patients diagnosed with leukemia, aplastic anemia,

and lymphomasNeed a greater histological immunocompatibility

Umbilical cord stem cells

Also Known as Wharton’s JellyAdult stem cells of infant originLess invasive than bone marrowGreater compatibilityLess expensive

Factors known to affect stem cells

Low stress levelsRegular exerciseEnriching experiencesLearning new informationHealthy diets: rich in antioxidantsAvoid excessive drinking

Dynamic world ; Communication and information

Inside our body their is a microscopic world busy and complex like the world around us. This world is maintained by stem cells

Signals to Stem Cells

Other Cells

Matrix MoleculesSelf-Renewal

Soluble Factors

Differentiation

Little, et al. Chemical Reviews (2008).

Health Crisis : Escalating Cost Research Longevity of life

Limitations in treatmentsAuto Immune diseaseOrgan FailuresGenetic diseaseCancer Degenerative / Development / Congenital

INDIA SPENDS US $ 22.7 BILLION ON HEALTHCARE5.2% of

GDP

Total Healthcare

Pharma Healthcare delivery

THAILAND INDIA

Heart Surgery

Auto Immune Disease

Organ Failure

Knee Replacement

Cosmetic Surgery

7,500

-------

-------

8,000

3,500

6,000

26,000

69,000

6,000

2,000

40,000

2,50,000

3,00,000

20,000

20,000

UK

23,000

1,50,000

2,00,000

12,000

10,000

Global CostCOST (US$)PROCEDURE

US

Innovations are required…new treatment therapies are required………..

“We can’t solve the problem by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them”

- Albert Einstein

Regenerative Medicine

Tissue Injury

Hemorrhage&

ClottingInflammatory Cell

Infiltrate

Cell Death,Fibroblast Migration,

Debris RemovalNew Host

ECM deposition

ECM Organization& Scarring

TISSUE REPAIR

Rehab

Series of actions & reactions, Proliferation, Differentiation, Migration, Cytokines/ Chemokines & ECM

Injection in organs directly.

Transplantation of differentiated cells (in vitro) in organs.

Injections in circulation.

Endogenous cells mobilations by repair cytokines , endogenous, growth hormones and growth factors

Heart & brain Very Slow Proliferation Skin & Liver Fast Proliferation

Cellular genetic and nano molecular therapies

Tissue engineering in vitro and in vivo

Autologous Cellular Therapy for…

Skin burns, skin wounds, ulcers…

Elephantiasis

Orthopedic conditions ( AVN, Arthritis, Bony Fractures and many more)

Diabetes Mellitus and other Autoimmune Conditions

COPD, OCD, Cardiac Ischemia

etc…

Wound (Before) Wound (After)

Before Therapy

2nd Week

After Therapy

3rd Week

Before After

Ankylosing Spondylitis (After Treatment Results)

Diabetes Type 1

0.78 3.07

Osteoarthritis

After

Before

1 Orthopedic Conditions ( AVN, OA, Bony fractures, sport injuries)

2 Neuro degenerative and developmental

3 Autoimmune Conditions (MS,AS,RA,DB1, AA etc)

4 Skeleto Muscular (DMD,LGMD, BMD

5 Burns, venous ulcers and non healing wounds

6 Diabetic gangrene wounds

7 Cosmetics

8 Others (Liver Cirrohosis, Elephantiasis, COPD, OCD, ED etc)

“I have thought a lot about stem cells , and I am sure that when the historians will look back at the 20th century…the greatest scientific achievement will not be from the field of space technology or computer technology but will be from the tissue engineering and genetic medicine.”

-Michael Goulian-ABC Scientific News Reporter,

29-9-1999.

It takes a tornado to clear theair

Regenerative Medicine in theMidst of the collapsing Health Care

as a tropical storm

Visualize the future of medicine in next 100 years

Invention of IPSC’s – Reprogramming of somatic skin cells,

Embryonic Transcription factors : Oct4, Sox2, KLF4,

Cmyc

Developing all 220 types of cells.

“ Its not a science fiction . Its stem cells research led to never before in the history of medical science. Such a gift received to humans – Stem Cells- which can regenerate the cells to tissue to the organs”

More than 2000 patients treated

One of the leader in therapeutic applications of stem cells

Full equipped facility for sample processing, research and quality control

Trained laboratory and clinical personnel

Conducting PhD/ M.Sc courses in Stem cells in collaboration with ITM

Currently working on several research projects covering mostly clinical disorder in human being

Academic Collaboration with

Academic Collaboration with

Research Collaboration with

“We live in a time where the words impossible and unsolvable are no longer part of scientific community’s vocabulary. Each day we move closer to trials that will not just minimize the symptoms of diseases and injury but eliminates them”

-Christopher Reeve

Stem cells therapy & anti ageing center at 7 Hills hospital, Andheri, Mumbai

Stem cells therapy center at Rabale, Navi Mumbai

Dr.P V Mahajan at AICRACM

discussion with ex-President of India smt. Pratibha patil

discussion with first Ayush cabinet minister Shripad Naik

in Technical discussion with Luc Montagnier (2008 Nobel laureate)

Dr. P V Mahajan at H3C Conference

with Prof. K Chandan Sen, Executive Director,Ohio State University

Union Minister Dr. JP Nadda in the conference

Dr. P V Mahajan at H3C Conference

Dr. P V Mahajan Invited by Ohio State University, USA for Advanced Tissue Culture Training

with Wound healing specialist Dr.Scott Scrape, Director, Transfusion Medicine,

Ohio State University

with Dr.Serber, Regenerative Medicine, Ohio State University

“ You carry your own repairing kits in your body”