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What’s Hot in AI & Ethics
Judy Goldsmith
University of KentuckyCollege of Engineering
Computer Science DepartmentLexington, KY, USA
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 1 / 43
Overview
1 Autonomous Vehicles
2 Autonomous Weapons
3 Reproducing Human Bias
4 Validity of News
5 Privacy and Surveillance
6 Information Control
7 The Future of Employment
8 The Singularity?
9 Organizations and LinksAI Ethics-Related GroupsReports on the Future of AI
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 2 / 43
Autonomous Vehicles
Autonomous Vehicles
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 3 / 43
Autonomous Vehicles
Trolley Problems
The trolley problem: should you pull the lever to divert the runaway trolley onto the sidetrack? [Wikipedia] [Do you take responsibility for killing one person to save several? ]
If a Pokemon Go player wanders in front of a self-driving car, should it swerve, putting rider(s)and others at risk?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 4 / 43
Autonomous Vehicles
1
1Image from Trolley Problem Memes, Aljosa Toplak and Haris SehicJudy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 5 / 43
Autonomous Vehicles
There Are Other Issues
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 6 / 43
Autonomous Weapons
Autonomous Weapons
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 7 / 43
Autonomous Weapons
Robot Soldiers and Smart Bombs
If robots fight our wars, will fewer humans die?
Can robot decisions be tempered by compassion?
Can we program in the rules of war?
Can we program ethics? (Which ones???)
Could autonomous agents of war be hacked?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 8 / 43
Autonomous Weapons
Robot Soldiers and Smart Bombs
If robots fight our wars, will fewer humans die?
Can robot decisions be tempered by compassion?
Can we program in the rules of war?
Can we program ethics? (Which ones???)
Could autonomous agents of war be hacked?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 8 / 43
Autonomous Weapons
Robot Soldiers and Smart Bombs
If robots fight our wars, will fewer humans die?
Can robot decisions be tempered by compassion?
Can we program in the rules of war?
Can we program ethics? (Which ones???)
Could autonomous agents of war be hacked?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 8 / 43
Reproducing Human Bias
Reproducing Human Biases
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 9 / 43
Reproducing Human Bias
ML Applications Based on Historic Decision Data
Mortgage loans
Bail decisions
. . .
See papers by FAT-SG speakers!
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 10 / 43
Validity of News
Validity of News
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 11 / 43
Validity of News
Recognizing and Generating Fake News
Can we determine the provenance of a news item?
Can we determine the validity of a news item?
Can we generate persuasive “news” items?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 12 / 43
Validity of News
Recognizing and Generating Fake News
Can we determine the provenance of a news item?
Can we determine the validity of a news item?
Can we generate persuasive “news” items?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 12 / 43
Validity of News
Recognizing and Generating Fake News
Can we determine the provenance of a news item?
Can we determine the validity of a news item?
Can we generate persuasive “news” items?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 12 / 43
Validity of News
How Can We Verify?
Tech That Makes the President into a Lip-Synching Puppet - The A... about:blank
1 of 1 7/18/17, 10:33 PM
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 13 / 43
Privacy and Surveillance
Privacy and Surveillance
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 14 / 43
Privacy and Surveillance
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 15 / 43
Privacy and Surveillance
BCIs: What Could Possibly Go Wrong?
2
From June issue, IEEE Spectrum2From June issue, IEEE Spectrum
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 16 / 43
Privacy and Surveillance
3
3From June issue, IEEE SpectrumJudy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 17 / 43
Privacy and Surveillance
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 18 / 43
Information Control
Information Control
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 19 / 43
Information Control
Who Controls What We See?
www.aljazeera.com
The Listening PostMedia
Facebook and the ethics of moderation
We examine Facebook's challenge in moderating content. Plus, the peoplemonitoring the social web.27 May 2017 11:55 GMT Media, Facebook, Social media
http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/listeningpost/2017/05/face...
1 of 4 7/9/17, 10:36 AM
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 20 / 43
Information Control
De-anonymization
Combining separate studies on the same data creates information leaks
Also see Reza Shokri’s talk
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 21 / 43
Information Control
Explanability ⇒ Manipulability
This was discussed in this morning’s panel
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 22 / 43
Information Control
Profit vs. Social Welfare
Baidu axes health business to focus on artificial intelligence | Asia... about:blank
1 of 1 7/19/17, 1:24 PM4
4Of course, this has nothing to do with Wei Zexi.
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 23 / 43
The Future of Employment
Mining Personality Indicators
It is allegedly easy to learn personality types from FB “likes”
Who uses that?
Advertisers
Political campaigns
Recruiters (companies, terrorists, . . . )
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 24 / 43
The Future of Employment
The Future of Employment
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 25 / 43
The Future of Employment
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 26 / 43
The Future of Employment
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 27 / 43
The Future of Employment
But Lawyers’ Jobs Are Still Safe, Right?
How Facebook AI-Based Visabot Will Help In Your Green Card A... about:blank
1 of 1 7/18/17, 10:32 PM
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 28 / 43
The Future of Employment
Post-Scarcity or Post-Employment?
If robots and software agents take over manufacturing, farming, service industries, education,etc., what will people do?
How will we share the prosperity?
Will that come from governments or private sources?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 29 / 43
The Singularity?
Sentient AI?
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 30 / 43
The Singularity?
Robot Sentience: Science Fiction . . . Or Is It?
Robot rights
Inadvertent evil (Bostrom’s paperclip scenario)
Intentional harm to humans: Skynet
. . .
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 31 / 43
Organizations and Links
Organizations and Links
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 32 / 43
Organizations and Links
Why I Have Hyperlinks on My Slides
These slides will be available through the workshop site.
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 33 / 43
Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups
The Human Side
The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence Ethical Guidelines
Never AgainWe refuse to participate in the creation of databases of identifying information for theUnited States government to target individuals based on race, religion, or national origin.. . .
The IEEE Global Initiative for Ethical Considerations in Artificial Intelligence andAutonomous SystemsThe purpose of this Initiative is to ensure every technologist is educated, trained,and empowered to prioritize ethical considerations in the design and developmentof autonomous and intelligent systems.
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 34 / 43
Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups
Autonomous Agents
Future of Life InstituteMission: To catalyze and support research and initiatives for safeguarding life anddeveloping optimistic visions of the future, including positive ways for humanity to steerits own course considering new technologies and challenges.
Campaign to Stop Killer Robots
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 35 / 43
Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups
Industry Organizations
ROBOLAW.ASIAWe established ROBOLAW.ASIA Initiatives to investigate the intersection betweenartificial intelligence & law. Our main objective is to minimize risks from robots to anacceptable range.
The Digital Asia Hub At the core of the Hub is independent and interdisciplinary researchexploring both the opportunities and challenges related to digital technology, innovation,and society in Asia.
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 36 / 43
Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups
(USA) Industry Organizations
Partnership on AIEstablished to study and formulate best practices on AI technologies, to advance thepublic’s understanding of AI, and to serve as an open platform for discussion andengagement about AI and its influences on people and society.
Diversity in Artificial IntelligenceInclusion | Balance | NeutralityPreventing racial, age, gender, disability and other discrimination
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 37 / 43
Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups
Policy Organizations
The Future Society, AI Initiative
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 38 / 43
Organizations and Links AI Ethics-Related Groups
Other Lists of Links
Ethics in Artificial IntelligenceThis is the website for a project based in the Computer Science Department, University ofOxford, Towards a Code of Ethics for Artificial Intelligence Research, which is beingcarried out by Professor Mike Wooldridge, Professor Peter Millican, and Dr. PaulaBoddington.
Alphabetical List of ResourcesHere we [the Oxford group] list the resources briefly discussed on the parent Resourcespage, or elsewhere on this site, as well as links to relevant professional bodies and theirstatements on ethics.
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 39 / 43
Organizations and Links Reports on the Future of AI
White House Report on the Future of AI 2016
Stanford One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100)
European Civil Law Rules in Robotics
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 40 / 43
Organizations and Links Reports on the Future of AI
European Civil Law Rules in Robotics
4. ANALYSIS OF THE ETHICAL PRINCIPLES TO DEVELOP IN ROBOTICS
4.1. Devising a general ethical framework for robotics: proposal to establish the mainroboethical principles for protecting humanity from robots
4.1.1. Protecting humans from harm caused by robots
4.1.2. Respecting the refusal of care by a robot
4.1.3. Protecting human liberty in the face of robots
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 41 / 43
Organizations and Links Reports on the Future of AI
European Civil Law Rules in Robotics
4.1.4. Protecting humanity against privacy breaches committed by a robot
4.1.5. Managing personal data processed by robots
4.1.6. Protecting humanity against the risk of manipulation by robots
4.1.7. Avoiding the dissolution of social ties
4.1.8. Equal access to progress in robotics
4.1.9. Restricting human access to enhancement technologies
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 42 / 43
Organizations and Links Reports on the Future of AI
Acknowledgments
The Science Fiction & Computer Ethics group: Nicholas Mattei, Emanuelle Burton, CorySiler, Sara-Jo Swiatek, John Ethan Fike, ...
Marie desJardin
Paula Boddington
Toby Walsh
Sven Koenig
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation underGrant No. 1646887. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendationsexpressed in this material are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the viewsof the National Science Foundation.
Judy Goldsmith What’s Hot in AI & Ethics July 19, 2017 43 / 43
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