why is scientific classification used in the identification of insects?why is scientific...

• Why is Scientific Classification used in the identification of insects?

• Insects can be placed into groupings based upon their physical characteristics. Insects with similar characteristics, number of wings, mouthparts, etc. are placed in a group with other insects that possess the same characteristics.

• Identification of insect orders aids in prevention and management plans.

• Scientific Classification• Kingdom• Phylum• Class

• Order • Family• Genus• Species

Insects belong in the Phylum Arthropoda. The Phylum Arthropoda is characterized by having segmented bodies and jointed appendages.

Example of Classification of Insects: Lady Beetle - Hippodamia convergens

• Kingdom – Animalia • Phylum - Arthropoda• Class - Insecta• Order - Coleoptera• Family - Coccinellidae• Genus - Hippodamia. • Species - convergens

• 5 Classes of Arthropods• Class #1- Hexapoda: Insects, six,

jointed appendages• Class #2- Chilopoda- Centipedes,

one pair of legs per body segment, multiple body segments

• Class #3- Diplapoda- Millipedes, two pairs of legs per body segment, multiple body segments

• Class #4- Crustacea- Crayfish, five pairs of jointed appendages

• Class #5- Arachnida- Spiders, four pairs of jointed appendages

• The sixteen orders are:

• Orthoptera• Hemiptera• Homoptera• Coleoptera• Lepidoptera• Diptera• Hymenoptera• Odonata

• Neuroptera• Thysanura• Isoptera• Siphonaptera• Phthiraptera• Thysanoptera• Dermaptera• Blattodea

Orthoptera

Includes:

Indian House Crickets

Field Cricket Short-horned Grasshoppers Katydid (Long-horned Grasshoppers)

Mouthparts:

Chewing

Metamorphosis:

Incomplete Metamorphosis

Damage: Chewing leaves, Crop grains,

Fun Facts:

Many produce sound through stridulating.

Over 20,000 species worldwide.

Hemiptera – True BugsIncludes: Assassin bugsKissing bugsLeaf-footed bugLygus bug Stink bug Minute pirate bug Big-eyed bug Damsel bug Mouthparts:

Piercing-Sucking

Metamorphosis:

Incomplete Metamorphosis

Fun Facts:

All of the true “bugs” are in this order.

Most have a common v shape on their shield.

Homoptera

Includes: Cicadas Aphids Armored scales Cottony cushion scaleCochineal scale Leafhoppers TreehoppersWhiteflies

Mouthparts:Sucking

Metamorphosis:Generally incomplete

Fun Facts: Cochineal scales are used in makeup products for the red color.

ColeopteraIncludes: Beetles and Weevils

Blister beetleBoll weevil Collops beetleDarkling beetle (Pinacate or Eleodes beetle)Dermestid beetle Dung beetleFig beetleFlea beetleLady beetle (Ladybird beetle/ Ladybug) Long-horned beetle (round-headed wood borer) Palo Verde root borerMetallic wood borer (flat-headed borer) White grub (Scarab beetle larva)10 Striped June beetle

Mouthparts:Chewing, Weevil- Piercing Sucking

Metamorphosis:Complete Metamophosis

Fun Facts: Coleoptera means sheath wing.

LepidopteraIncludes: Butterflies and Moths

Bagworm• Two-tailed Swallowtail• Budworm/Bollworm• Pink Bollworm• Grape-leaf Skeletonizer• Salt Marsh Caterpillar• Tomato Hornworm• Sphinx Moth• Monarch• Checkered skipperMouthparts: Chewing – Caterpillars,

Siphoning – adult. Metamorphosis:

Complete MetamorphosisFun Facts: The largest butterfly is the

Birdwings that have 11in wingspans.

DipteraIncludes: Flies, Midges, Mosquito

House fly Crane fly Syrphid or hover fly Bee flyTachinid flyBot flyDeer flyMosquitoGall Midge

Mouthparts:Sponging, Piercing sucking- Mosquito

Metamorphosis:Complete Metamorphosis

Facts: Are common vectors of disease.

Hymenoptera

Includes: Bees, Wasps, AntsHorntail waspSawflyGall waspsHoney beeLeaf-cutter beeCarpenter beeBumble beeHarvester antLeaf-cutter ant Fire antVelvet Ant (mutillid)Paper wasp Ichneumon wasp Thread-waisted wasp Tarantula hawk (spider wasp)

Mouthparts:Chewing-Lapping

Metamorphosis:Complete Metamorphosis

Facts: Contain all the social insects except termites.

Odonata

Includes: Dragonfly, Damselfly

Mouthparts:Chewing-Lapping

Metamorphosis:Complete Metamorphosis

Facts: Live in the water the first year of

their lives. After leaving the water they only live

a month. Have been around 300 million years.

Neuroptera

Includes: Green LacewingAntlion

Mouthparts:

Metamorphosis:Complete Metamorphosis

Facts: Both are beneficial insects. Antlions create a sand pit to

capture unsuspecting prey.

Thysanura

Includes: SilverfishFirebrat

Mouthparts: Chewing

Metamorphosis:Incomplete Metamorphosis

Facts: Like to lay their eggs in books and wall paper

because of the paper and glue. Live 3-5 yearsMost primitive of all insects.

Isoptera

Includes:

Dry-wood termite• Subterranean termite

Mouthparts: Chewing Mouthparts

Metamorphosis:Incomplete Metamorphosis

Facts: Live for 15 years.Lay 1 egg every 15 secondsEat wood. Can destroy a house in 2-3 years. Found in every US state except Alaska. Recycle wood in the soil. •

Siphonaptera

Includes: Cat and dog flea

Mouthparts:Piercing Sucking

Metamorphosis:Complete Metamorphosis

Facts: Fleas can live 100 days without

feeding. Can jump 100 times their own

length. Been around more than 100 million

years. Females can consume more than 15

times their body weight daily.

• Phthiraptera Formally Anoplura and Mallophaga

• Includes: Lice– Chewing Louse – Sucking Louse

• Mouthparts:• Chewing and Piercing-Sucking• Metamorphosis:• Complete Metamorphosis• Facts: • Sucking lice feed continuously on lice• Chewing lice feed on hair and feathers of animals and

humans. • Wingless. Do not fly or jump

Blattodea

Includes: Cockroaches• American Cockroach• Brown-banded cockroach• Desert Cockroach• Turkish Cockroach• German Cockroach

Mouthparts: Chewing Mouthparts

Metamorphosis:• Complete MetamorphosisFacts: • Typically Live outside• Walk inside. DO NOT live in the water pipes.

• Dermaptera

• Includes: Earwigs• Earwig•• Mouthparts: Chewing Mouthparts•• Metamorphosis:• Complete Metamorphosis• Facts: • Like humid, dark areas. • Release a foul smelling liquid up to 4in away. • Oldest known fossil dates back to Jurassic period.

• Thysanoptera

• Includes: Thrip• Thrip•

• Mouthparts: Rasping-Sucking Mouthparts•

• Metamorphosis:• Complete Metamorphosis• Facts: • Common Pests on flowers, citrus and onions.

• Multiples of this pest are still called Thrip.