wildlife biology monday 13 nov 2017...• apical dominance = influence of apical bud on plant...

WILDLIFE

BIOLOGY

Monday

13 Nov 2017

Entry TaskHow many types of root systems are there?

• Two.

During which zone of root growth is girth (diameter or width)

added?

• Secondary Tissue Growth

Agenda Housekeeping

Pocket Seed Experiment Day 7

Angiosperms

HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.

• Plant Populations

Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.

Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.

• “No School”

Formative AssessmentComplete the assessment on your own.

• No notes

• This will not affect your grade, it is a measure of what you

currently know about roots.

• This will inform you & I about what areas we need to focus on

for next weeks summative assessment.

AngiospermsSeed Growth Experiment.

• Today you will record Day 7 data on

the second data card in your ISN.

• Make sure the paper towel still has

some moisture.

• Other observations will be collected on

Day 9 & 11

AngiospermsExample:

AngiospermsRoots.

• Many root systems become modified for special functions.

• The most common special function is the formation of

tuberous (fleshy) roots for food storage.

- E.g. carrots, beets, radishes, & potatoes.

AngiospermsParts of a plant

• Seeds

• Roots

• Stems

• Leaves

• Fruits

• Flowers

AngiospermsStems.

• Vary in length (few millimeters to hundreds of meters) &

diameter.

• Usually grow above ground; however, some plant stems also

grow underground.

• Whether above or below ground, stems are characterized by

nodes & internodes.

- node = area where leaves & flowers attach to the stem.

- internode = the region between each node.

ReferencesASU School of Life Science, Ask A Biologist, found @

https://askabiologist.asu.edu/home

Encyclopedia Britannica, Angiosperm, found @

https://www.britannica.com/plant/angiosperm

Lumen, Boundless Biology, found @

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/stems/

Montessori for Everyone, All About Plants, found @

http://www.montessoriforeveryone.com/assets/PDF/All_About_Plants_Printab

le_Book.pdf

WILDLIFE

BIOLOGY

Tuesday

14 Nov 2017

Entry TaskLabel the parts of the stem.

Agenda Housekeeping

Angiosperms

HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.

• Plant Populations

Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.

Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.

• “No School”

Formative AssessmentReturn & review the formative assessment.

• Questions will be answered after all assessments have been

returned.

AngiospermsStems.

• Different plant forms result from simple

changes in the length of internodes.

- Extreme shortening results in rosette

plants.

- Extreme lengthening results in twining

vines.

Stems.

• Different plant forms result from simple changes in the length

of internodes.

AngiospermsStem Functions.

• Stems have five main functions:

- Supporting leaves, flowers, & fruits.

- Conducting the movement of water & nutrients.

- Storing food.

- Holding up leaves to catch sunlight.

- Producing new living tissue.

AngiospermsStem Anatomy.

• Stems are composed of three tissue types:

- Epidermal tissue

- Vascular tissue

- Ground tissue

AngiospermsStem Epidermal Tissue.

• Epidermal tissue is described as either herbaceous or

woody.

- Flowering plants are herbaceous, containing a soft

epidermis covering the stem & protecting underlying tissue.

- Trees & bushes are woody, having an extra layer of

protective cork cells known as bark.

• Some stems are edible.

- E.g. asparagus & rhubarb

AngiospermsStem Vascular Tissue.

• Consists of complex xylem & phloem tissues arranged in

vascular bundles.

- Xylem carries water & dissolved nutrients up & down the

stem.

- Phloem carries organic materials (sugars & amino acids).

AngiospermsStem Vascular Tissue.

• Monocot vascular bundles are random

throughout the ground tissue.

• Dicot vascular bundles are arranged in a

circular pattern or rings.

Bark

Phloem

Xylem

Cambium

Stem Ground Tissue.

• Helps support the stem.

• When located near the

tissue is called pith.

• When located between

the vascular tissue &

epidermis, ground

tissues is called cortex.

AngiospermsStem Ground Tissue.

• Helps support the stem.

• When located near the center of the vascular tissue, ground

tissue is called pith.

Bark

Phloem

Xylem

Cambium

Pith

Cortex

AngiospermsStem Growth.

• Stems undergo two types of growth:

- Primary growth = stem length

- Secondary growth = stem thickness (girth)

AngiospermsStem Primary Growth.

• The result of rapidly dividing cells at the

meristem)

• Enables continuous search for

• Apical dominance = influence of apical

bud on plant growth.

- Reduces growth of buds along the

sides of stems.

Stem Primary Growth.

• The result of rapidly dividing cells at the shoot tip (apical

meristem).

• Enables continuous search for sunlight.

AngiospermsStem Secondary Growth.

• Monocots do NOT undergo secondary growth.

• The result of rapidly dividing cells at the lateral meristems

(cambiums).

- Cambiums produce bark that protects the plant & reduces

water loss.

- Cambiums responsible for annual growth rings.

AngiospermsStem Secondary Growth.

• Annual Growth Rings

- Spring growing season = less dense = Early (Spring) wood

- Fall growing season = more dense = Late (Autumn) wood

- Number of rings reveals the trees age.

- Thickness of the rings reveals prevailing climatic conditions.

ReferencesEncyclopedia Britannica, Angiosperm, found @

https://www.britannica.com/plant/angiosperm

Lumen, Boundless Biology, found @

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/stems/

Montessori for Everyone, All About Plants, found @

http://www.montessoriforeveryone.com/assets/PDF/All_About_Plants_Printab

le_Book.pdf

WILDLIFE

BIOLOGY

Wednesday

15 Nov 2017

Entry TaskStems are composed of what three tissue types?

• Epidermal tissue

• Vascular tissue

• Ground tissue

What is the center ground tissue called?

• Pith

Agenda Housekeeping

Pocket Seed Experiment Day 9

Angiosperms

HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.

• Plant Populations

Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.

Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.

• “No School”

AngiospermsSeed Growth Experiment.

• Today you will record Day 9 data on

the second data card in your ISN.

• Make sure the paper towel still has

some moisture.

• Other observations will be collected on

Day 11

AngiospermsExample:

AngiospermsStem Secondary Growth.

• Annual Growth Rings

- Spring growing season = less dense = Early (Spring) wood

- Fall growing season = more dense = Late (Autumn) wood

- Number of rings reveals the trees age.

- Thickness of the rings reveals prevailing climatic conditions.

AngiospermsGrowth Ring Activity.

• Each person should have a workbook.

• Read & follow the instructions provided in the workbook.

ReferencesASU School of Life Science, Ask A Biologist, found @

https://askabiologist.asu.edu/home

Oregon State, Dendrochronology, found @

http://ceetep.oregonstate.edu/sites/ceetep.oregonstate.edu/files/resources/23

-dendrochronology.pdf

WILDLIFE

BIOLOGY

Thursday

16 Nov 2017

Entry TaskComplete the table from yesterday’s Dendrochronology activity.

Agenda Housekeeping

Angiosperms

HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.

• Plant Populations

Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.

Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.

• “No School”

AngiospermsGrowth Ring Activity.

• Each person should have a workbook.

• Read & follow the instructions provided in the workbook.

AngiospermsParts of a plant

• Seeds

• Roots

• Stems

• Leaves

• Fruits

• Flowers

AngiospermsLeaves.

• Leaves are the primary location where photosynthesis take

place.

- CO2 + H2O O2 + C6H12O6

- Cells within the leaves contain photosynthetic organelles

called chloroplasts.

- Within chloroplasts is chlorophyll (pigments) that absorbs

sunlight to power photosynthesis.

Light Energy

AngiospermsLeaves.

• The basic angiosperm:

- Stipules (each side of

spines, glands or leaf

- Petiole (Stalk that

- Blade/Lamina

(photosynthetic surface)

- Midrib (primary sugar

transporting vein)

Leaves.

• The basic angiosperm leaf is composed of four structures:

- Stipules (each side of the leaf base resembling scales,

spines, glands or leaf-like)

- Petiole (Stalk that connects blade with stem)

AngiospermsLeaves.

• Leaf morphology

WILDLIFE

BIOLOGY

Friday

17 Nov 2017

Entry TaskWhat organelle in the plant cell conducts photosynthesis?

• Chloroplasts

Identify the morphology of the following leaf.

• Alternated

• Serrated

• Pinnately Compound

• Lanceolate

• Pinnate

Agenda Housekeeping

Pocket Seed Experiment Day 11

Angiosperms

HousekeepingMW1-1 Summative Assessment next Tuesday, 21 Nov.

• Plant Populations

Early Release Schedule next Wednesday, 22 Nov.

Thanksgiving Holiday next Thursday & Friday, 23-24 Nov.

• “No School”

AngiospermsSeed Growth Experiment.

• Today you will record Day 11 data on

the second data card in your ISN.

• Make sure the paper towel still has

some moisture.

• On a sheet of paper record your

measurements & turn in (Group letter).

AngiospermsExample:

Flowers.

• Flowers are the reproductive

male & female organs.

• Flower are considered:

- Bisexual (or “perfect”) when

both the stamen & the carpel

are present.

- Unisexual (or “imperfect”)

when lacking either the

stamen or the carpel.

AngiospermsFlowers.

• Flowers are the reproductive parts of plants, containing both

male & female organs.

• Flowers are considered:

AngiospermsFlowers.

Composed of four main structures:

• Sepals

• Petals

• Stamen

• Carpel

In monocots they are generally grouped in multiples of three.

In dicots they are grouped in multiples of four & five.

AngiospermsFlower Structures.

Sepals

• Outermost layer (protective

covering), which encloses

the flower bud.

• Usually green, but may be

the same color as the petals

or be absent.

• As a group they are called

the calyx.

AngiospermsFlower Structures.

Petals

• Are generally brightly

colored to attract pollinators.

• Can be fragrant, also to

attract pollinators.

• As a group they are called

the corolla.

AngiospermsFlower Structures.

Stamen

• Male organ that produces

pollen spores.

• Consists of a filament

(slender stalk) & anther

(pollen sacs).

AngiospermsFlower Structures.

Carpel

• Female organ that encloses

one or more ovules, each

with an egg.

• Consists of the stigma,

style, & ovary.

• Following fertilization, the

ovule matures into a seed &

the carpel becomes a fruit.