wimax

WiMAX – Greener Technology vs Health Impacts via SAR

KRISHNADAS.J AJAL.A.J , ASSISTANT PROFESSORS, METS SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, MALA

MAIL ec2reach@gmail.com , mob : 08907305642

AJAL.A.J , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, METS SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, MALAMAIL ec2reach@gmail.com , mob : 08907305642

What makes technology greener ?• Products use less toxic materials • Disposable items are easily recyclable • Upward compatibilities of hardwares to minimize waste • None or minimum effects on humans and the echo system

Malayala manorama july 14

Malayala manorama july 17

ultra-high frequency (UHF) (0.3–3 GHz),super high frequency (SHF) (3–30 GHz),

extremely high frequency (EHF) (30–300 GHz)

RFIDRFID

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi

WiMAXWiMAX

NFCNFC

WiBROWiBRO

RFIDRFID

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi

WiMAXWiMAX

NFCNFC

WiBROWiBRO

RFIDRFID

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi

WiMAXWiMAX

WiBROWiBRO

NFCNFC

RFIDRFID

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi

WiMAXWiMAX

WiBROWiBRO

NFCNFC

RFIDRFID

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi

WiMAXWiMAX

WiBROWiBRO

NFCNFC

RFIDRFID

Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi

WiMAXWiMAXWiBROWiBRO

NFCNFC

Mainstream Mobile Broadband Internet Will Also Require:

Innovation in Distribution:Single Chip WiFi + WiMAX/3G

for Mass Market

Innovation in Billing:Pay as You Go, Pre-paid, or Monthly Subscription

Innovation in Services:Web 2.0, AJAX, Mashups,

Personal Internet

Wireless Technologies for Different Ranges

LAN MAN WANPAN

Wi-Fi WiMAX

3GUWB/ZigBee/Bluetooth

Wi-Fi, WiMAX, Why Care?

Mobile WiMAX won’t kill Wi-Fi

Competitive, But Not a Replacement

Wi-Fi & WiMAX are Friends

Our concept …….

WIMAX – UNDER CONSTRUCTION

802.16

802.16.g 802.16.h 802.16.k802.16.j802.16.f 802.16.m802.16.i

– 802.16f : Management Information Base – 802.16g : Management Plane Procedures and Services – 802.16h : Improved Coexistence Mechanisms for License-Exempt

Operation – 802.16i : Mobile Management Information Base – 802.16j : Multihop Relay Specification – 802.16k : Bridging of 802.16 – 802.16m : Advanced Air Interface. Data rates of 100 Mbps for

mobile applications and 1 Gbps for fixed applications.

WiMAX has Global Momentum

SprintSprint

InukshukInukshuk

OrbitelOrbitel

SK TelecomSK TelecomBeelineBeeline

MVSMVS

MovilnetMovilnet

TMNTMN

GloCommGloComm

Neo-SkyNeo-Sky

UnwiredUnwired

AUSTARAUSTAR

CTLCTL

SoftBankSoftBank

NTT DoCoMoNTT DoCoMo

KDDIKDDI

KTKT

RELIANCERELIANCE

Mobile-8Mobile-8

China unicomChina unicomBolloréBolloré

WATANIYAWATANIYA

BTBTPipexPipex

TelecomTelecom

TVATVA

TELECOM ItaliaTELECOM Italia

WorldmaxWorldmax

China MobileChina Mobile

BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LTD.

BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LTD.

MAXX onairMAXX onairClearwireClearwire

SAR @ HUMMAN BODY

DEMO : ANALOGUS EFFECTS

PROBE SET UP ROBOT

DIPOLE - SET UP DEVICE HOLDER

TOP VIEW OF PHANTOM BOTTOM VIEW OF PHANTOM

PHANTOM – RIGHT CHEEK PHANTOM – RIGHT TILTED

PHANTOM – LEFT CHEEK PHANTOM – LEFT TILTED

•

SAR MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUE

RESULTS

Cell Phone Radiation is Absorbed More Deeply Into the Brains of Children

Results Analysis and Discussion

• IT IS FOUND THAT THE PEAK SAR OF THE HEAD CAN BE REDUCED BY PLACING THE META MATERIALS BETWEEN THE ANTENNA AND THE HUMAN HEAD.

• Determined using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method.

Personal radiation monitor and alert unit for cellular phones

Coming back to greener WIMAX

• Lesser BTS • Could be placed at remote locations• Lesser SAR Effects • ECO FRIENDLY

Conclusion

• However, conclusions about possible adverse effects on human health are premature as the underlying mechanisms of these non-thermal effects are unknown.

Multi-Agency Seamless Mobility

1. "Radiation, Mobile Phones, Base Stations and Your Health" by Prof Ng Kwan-Hoong, University of Malaya.

2. WIMAX AND HEALTH – L2, EMF Explained Series 3. Industry-Leading Vendors to Unveil Ground-breaking WiMAX

Products and Technologies at WiMAX World EMEA 2008, Business Wire

4. Green Technology, WiMAX Funding and Deployment Among Featured Topics at WCA Silicon Valley Symposium, 6. Eltek Valere Intros Green Power Solution for WiMAX Networks

5. Happiness Is a Low-SAR Cell Phone, Tom Lecklider, Senior Technical Editor, Evaluation Engineering

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

Comments welcome !