world war ii-victory in the pacific the americans chapter 17
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World War II-Victory in the Pacific
The AmericansChapter 17
Map of the Pacific Theatre
Douglas MacArthur
• 80,000 Filipino and American troops battled the Japanese
• Gen. MacArthur leader of American forces
• Ordered to leave March 11, 1942• Pledged “I shall
return.”
Bataan Death March
Doolittle’s Raid
• April 18, 1942• 16 bombers to
attack Japan mainland for revenge of Pearl Harbor
• Let the Japanese know we were still in the fight
Battle of Coral Sea
• Americans and Australians main Pacific Allied force
• May 1942-• 5 day fight
• Carrier based aircraft fought to push back a Japanese invasion fleet
• Japanese invasion stopped and turned back.
Corsair
Hellcat
Battle of Midway• U.S. broke the Japanese
code-Midway Is. would be next
• Admiral Chester Nimitz commanded the Pacific fleet
• June 3, 1942• U.S. fighters and torpedo
bombers find Japanese fleet• Japanese losses-
• 4 carriers• 1 cruiser• 250 planes
Battle of Midway (Con’t)
• Avenged Pearl Harbor• Turning Point in war• Began “island hopping” Island by
island allies begin winning territory back from the Japanese.
Island Hoping and the Battle of Leyte Gulf
• Island Hopping• August 1942-• Guadalcanal first
Japanese defeat on land • October 1944-• Leyte Gulf (Philippines)
• Bulk of remaining Japanese fleet
• 178,000 Allied troops• 738 ships
• “People of the Philippines: I have returned.”• MacArthur
Iwo Jima
• Iwo Jima-Critical for heavy bombers to reach mainland
• Defended by 20,000+ Japanese soldiers• Only 200 would
be left• 6,000 Marines lost
their lives
Okinawa
• Final assault before the mainland
• April 1945• 1,900 Kamikaze-”Divine
Wind”• U.S. losses
• 30 ships sunk• 300 ships damaged• 5,000 sailors died
• June 21, 1945• 7,600 American dead• 110,000 Japanese
dead
War in the Pacific
• Hand to hand combat was a trial for the
Americans• Battle of Okinawa would be a “chilling
foretaste” of what the Allies imagined the invasion of Japan’s home islands would be.
• Prediction of a million American lives would be lost.
Manhattan Project and V-J Day
• Manhattan Project• 600,000 workers but
kept secret• July 16, 1945 first
test @ Alamogordo, N.M.
• July 25, 1945 Truman orders two bombs to be used
• “I regarded the bomb as a military weapon…and never had any doubt it should be used.”•Truman
B-29 Super Fortress
The Atomic Bomb
Fat Man
Nagasaki
8/9/45
Little Boy
Hiroshima
8/6/45
Victims
The explosion
The destruction
Yalta Conference
• February 1945-Black Sea
• Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin
• Churchill vs. Stalin• FDR mediated
• Hoped USSR would join in the war against Japan
• Wanted Stalin’s support for the U.N.
Occupation of Japan
• MacArthur placed in command of the occupation
• 1,100 Japanese soldiers placed on trial for war crimes• Tojo found guilty and
put to death• Occupation lasted 7 years• Wrote a new Constitution
for Japan• Free market• Representative • Women's’ rights
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