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(2016 - 2025) National Action Plan
NepalZero Hunger CHallenge
Ministry of Agricultural Development Singhadurbar, Kathmandu, Nepal
March 2016
iNepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Rt Hon Prime Minister K P Oli
Hon Dy Prime Minister Chitra Bahadur KC
Hon Minister Haribol Prasad Gajurel
Director-General of FAO José Graziano da Silva
Hon Vice Chair of NPC Yuba Raj Khatiwada
UN Resident Coordinator a.i. Michael Jones
13 March 2016
Dignitaries present in the Launching of the National Action Plan under Zero Hunger Challenge
ii Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
iiiNepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Preface
Nepal has undertaken Zero Hunger Challenge (ZHC) to end hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition by 2025 as a vision that invites all stakeholders for collective actions to create a hunger less society for all people living in the country. It has been accepted as a strategy that would consolidate ongoing poverty and hunger eradication efforts of all the national and international development partners working within the country. It intends to make best use of available resources for both currently targeted and new programmes that are identified as necessary for filling the gaps in eradicating hunger in a sustainable manner.
The Ministry of Agricultural Development launched the Zero Hunger Challenge Initiative on December 19, 2014. This National Action Plan (2016 – 2025) has been formulated as a follow up activity to this. Its preparation has been made possible by active participation of many key stakeholders representing both national and the international development partners. They worked through the High Level Committee, Steering Committee, Technical Committee and Five ZHC Pillars specific Thematic Taskforce Groups. Without their continued effort, this National Action Plan (2016 – 2025) would not have taken its present shape. Therefore, I take this opportunity to thank them all.
In particular, I appreciate valuable contributions made by the staff members of the Ministry of Agricultural Development and other related ministries. The role of civil society organizations and the private sector was equally important. Further support was provided by the United Nations Resident Coordinator, who joined the High Level Committee and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, who represented in the Steering Committee. FAO’s technical support for the preparation of Plan was equally valuable together along with the comments and suggestions provided by other development partners to enrich the content of the National Action Plan. On behalf of the Ministry of Agricultural Development, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all of them.
I hope to receive similar cooperation from all stakeholders in successfully implementing the National Action Plan and ending hunger and malnutrition by 2025 at the latest.
Uttam K. BhattaraiSecretaryMinistry of Agricultural Development
iv Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Abbreviations
ADB Asian Development BankADB/N Agricultural Development Bank of NepalADS Agriculture Development StrategyAEPC Alternative Energy Promotion CentreAEC Agro Enterprise CentreAGDP Agricultural Goss Domestic Product AICL Agricultural Inputs Company LimitedAIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAPEC Asia-Pacific Economic CooperationAPP Agriculture Perspective Plan ARCs Agriculture Research CentresBMI Body Mass IndexCBS Central Bureau of StatisticsCCND Climate Change and Natural DisastersCDO Chief District OfficerCSIDB Cottage and Small Industry BoardCSOs Civil Society OrganizationsCTEVT Council for Technical Education and Vocational TrainingCU5 Children aged Under FiveDaDC Dairy Development CorporationDADO District Agricultural Development OfficeDCSI Department of Cottage and Small IndustriesDDC District Development CommitteeDFTQC Department of Food Technology and Quality ControlDLS Department of Livestock ServicesDLSO District Livestock Services OfficeDoA Department of AgricultureDoC Department of CooperativesDoF Department of ForestDoFish Directorate of FisheryDoHM Department of Hydrology and MeteorologyDoLIDAR Department of Local Infrastructure and Agricultural RoadDoM Department of MechanizationDoR Department of RoadsDPs Development PartnersDRR Disaster Risk ReductionECD Early Childhood DevelopmentFAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsFNCCI Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce and IndustriesFNSP Food and Nutrition Security Plan GAFSP Georgia Avenue Family Support Collaborative (Social Services Organization)GAVI A Global Vaccine AllianceGHI Global Hunger Index HIV Human Immunodeficiency VirusHLC High Level CommitteeICN2 Second International Conference on Nutrition
vNepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
ICT Information and Communication TechnologyIFAD International Fund for Agricultural DevelopmentIFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute IGAs Income Generating ActivitiesIUCN International Union for Conservation of NatureIYCF Infant and Young Child FeedingMDG Millennium Development GoalMFIs Micro Finance InstitutionsMMR Maternal Mortality RateMoAD Ministry of Agricultural DevelopmentMoC Ministry of CommerceMoCPA Ministry of Cooperatives and Poverty AlleviationMoCTCA Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil AviationMoE Ministry of EducationMoEn Ministry of EnergyMoF Ministry of FinanceMoFALD Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local DevelopmentMoFSC Ministry of Forest and Soil ConservationMoH Ministry of HealthMoI Ministry of IndustryMoIrr Ministry of IrrigationMoLD Ministry of Livestock DevelopmentMoLE Ministry of Labour and EmploymentMoLJPA Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary AffairsMoLRM Ministry of Land Reform and ManagementMoPE Ministry of Population and EnvironmentMoPIT Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and TransportMoS Ministry of SuppliesMoST Ministry of Science and TechnologyMoWCSW Ministry of Women, Children and Social WelfareMoWSS Ministry of Water Supply and SanitationMoYS Ministry of Youth and SportsMSNP Multi-sectoral Nutrition PlanMUS Multiple Use of Water SystemNAP National Action Plan (2016 – 2025)NARC Nepal Agricultural Research CouncilNCDB National Cooperative Development BoardNDDB National Diary Development BoardNeKSAP Nepal Khadya Surakshya Anugaman PranaliNFC Nepal Food CorporationNGO Non-governmental OrganizationNPC National Planning CommissionNRB Nepal Rastra BankNSC Nepal Seed CompanyNSCL National Seed Company LimitedNWC National Women CommissionOFID OPEC Fund for International DevelopmentPO Peasants’ OrganizationPPD Plan Protection DirectoratePRO Pesticide Registration Office
vi Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
RMDC Rural Microfinance Development CentreSAARC South Asian Association for Regional CooperationSBCC Social and Behavioural Change CommunicationSC Steering CommitteeSCGs Saving and Credit GroupsSDC Swiss Agency for Development and CooperationSDG Sustainable Development GoalSEAN Seed Entrepreneurs’ Association of NepalSFLRP Smallholder Farmers and Landless Rural Poor SQCC Seed Quality Control CentreSTCL Salt Trading Corporation LimitedSUN Scaling Up NutritionTC Technical CommitteeToT Training of TrainersTRIPS Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property RightsTTG Technical/Thematic Taskforce GroupUN United NationsUNDP United Nations Development ProgrammeUNEP United Nations Environment ProgrammeUNESCAP Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the PacificUNICEF United Nations Children’s FundUNRC United Nations Resident CoordinatorUSAID United States Agency for International DevelopmentVDC Village Development CommitteeWB World BankWFP World Food ProgrammeWHO World Health OrganizationWUA Water Users’ AssociationZHC Zero Hunger Challenge
viiNepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Contents
Preface iii
Abbreviations iv
1.0 Introduction 1
2.0 Global, Regional and National Emphasis on ZHC Initiative 22.1 Global 22.2 Regional 32.3 National 4
3.0 Launching Of ZHC Initaitve for The Preparation of National Action Plan (2016 – 2025) 53.1 Objectives 53.2 Institutional arrangements for formulation 6
4.0 Strategic Priorities and Major Components of NAP 74.1 Strategic Priorities 74.2 Major Components of NAP 12
4.2.1 Pillar 1 - 100 % equitable access to adequate, nutritious and affordable food all year round 12
4.2.2 Pillar 2 - Zero stunted children less than 2 years of age 134.2.3 Pillar 3 - All food systems are sustainable 144.2.4 Pillar 4 - 100% increase in smallholder productivity and income 154.2.5 Pillar 5 - Zero loss or waste of food 15
5.0 Resource Requirements for NAP 25
6.0 Funding Strategy 26
7.0 Implementation Arrangements 27
8.0 Monitoring and Evaluation Framework 27
9.0 Conclusion 29
Annexes 30 Annex - I: Development Partners Supported Projects/Programs Related to
Hunger Reduction and Improved Nutrition 30 Annex - II: Zero Hunger Challenge Initiative 34 Annex - III : Estimation of Output-wise Cost 66 Annex - IV : Priority Framework and Information Systems Complementing
to the Implementation Process 68
viii Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
1Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
1.0 Introduction
Nepal made its commitment to undertake Zero Hunger Challenge (ZHC) declared by the Rio+20 Conference on Sustainable Development held in Brazil in 2012. It was reemphasized again by United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific’s (UNESCAP) 69th Session held in April 2013. These fora emphasized on ending hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition by 2025 sustainably.
The ZHC initiative is one of the efforts complementing to the regional and national programmes such as Alliance Against Hunger and Malnutrition and the national initiatives such as Multi-Sector Nutrition Plan (MSNP) and Food and Nutrition Security Plan (FNSP) of Action for reducing hunger, poverty and malnutrition. It follows comprehensive outlook about how to end hunger sustainably.
The ZHC initiative recognizes the importance of interconnectedness of food systems with the use of natural resources that impact poverty, hunger and malnutrition. It is a vision and invitation to action uniting all stakeholders working for food security.
A hunger caused by poor access to nutritious food influences malnutrition which is a condition that makes a person’s body not well functioning. It occurs due to the absence of intake of right amount of calories, vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients needed to maintain functioning of the healthy tissues and organs. The young children and pregnant/lactating women are the most vulnerable groups affected by hunger and malnutrition. . It is one of the leading causes of deaths of millions, mostly women and children around the world.
The ZHC aims at eliminating starvation in our lifetimes by scaling-up development efforts with the vision of ending the hunger into reality. It anticipates increased investment in agriculture and nutrition including the rural development activities that contribute to create greater employment opportunities and social protection. It is based on a vision where all people would enjoy their fundamental rights to food to make their livelihoods and food systems resilient with necessary ability to withstand the effects of climate change as they may emerge.
The priority of the ZHC initiative is over the activities related to five strategic Pillars. These Pillars emphasize on addressing the issue of food insecurity and malnutrition and improvement for sustainable agriculture and food systems to overcome hunger and malnutrition. Recognising their interconnected causes for poverty and hunger, they intend to address the underlying factors responsible for poverty, hunger and malnutrition.
2 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Freeing people from the trap of hunger and malnutrition is a necessity for any country in the context of making proper use of its people’s development potential. In this context, the adoption of ZHC agenda for Nepal is very important given its decade long conflict emerged due to poverty, hunger and social discrimination. By making the country hunger and malnutrition free under the ZHC initiative, Nepal cannot only benefit from making food available and accessible for all but also can maintain peace, prosperity and stability for further development.
2.0 Global, Regional and National Emphasis on ZHC Initiative
2.1 Global
Globally, around 795 million people suffer from hunger. Such situation has led to undernourishment, which is a chronic sign for most of the poor people who are compelled to go to bed hungry. In its recent estimate, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) revealed that out of 7.3 billion people in the world one in nine suffer from undernourishment1.
The UN Secretary - General declared ZHC to end the scourge of starvation and malnutrition as a vision of the “world without hunger”. This call for action envisages eradicating hunger to ensure every person’s rights to adequate food with improved food system that is sustainable as well as resilient.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 enshrined the Rights to Food as an internationally recognized human right. It was followed by the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
1 FAO (2015). The State of Food Insecurity in the World.
For a hungry person, accessing food in the first place is a priority
Source: Pearl S. Buck (1892-1973)
loss or waste of food
Pillar – V
increase in smallholder productivity and income
Pillar – IV
food systems are sustainable
Pillar – III
stunted children less than 2 years
Pillar – II
access to adequate food all year round
Enabling all people to access the food they need at all times through nutrition-sensitive agriculture and food systems, marketing, decent and productive employment, a social protection floor, targeted safety nets and food assistance ; boosting food supply from local producers; through open, fair and well- functioning markets and trade policies at local, regional and international level, preventing excessive food price volatility.
Ensuring that all farmers, agribusinesses, cooperatives, government ,unions and civil society establish standards for sustainability; verifying their observance and being accountable for them; encouraging and rewarding universal adoption of sustainable and climate-resilient agriculture practices; pursuing cross-sect oral policy coherence (encompassing energy, land use, water and climate); implementing responsible governance of land, fisheries and forests.
Ensuring universal access to nutritious food in the 1000-day window of opportunity between the start of pregnancy and a child’s second birthday, supported by nutrition- sensitive health care, water, sanitation, education and specific nutrition interventions, coupled with initiatives that enable empowerment of women, as encouraged within the Movement for Scaling Up Nutrition.
Reducing rural poverty and improving wellbeing through encouraging decent work, and increasing small-holders ‘income; empowering women, small farmers, fishers, pastoralists, young people, farmer organizations, indigenous people and their communities; supporting agricultural research and innovation; improving land tenure, access to assets and to natural resources, making sure that all investments in agriculture and value chains bare responsible and accountable; developing multidimensional indicators for people’s resilience and wellbeing.
Minimizing food losses during harvesting, storage and transport, and waste of food by retailers and consumers; empowering consumer choice through appropriate labeling; commitments by producers, retailers and consumers within all nations; achieving progress through financial incentives, collective pledges, locally-relevant technologies and changed behavior.
Pillar – I
100% Zero 100% ZeroAll
Figure 1: Strategic Pillars Emphasized by the ZHC Initiative
3Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Rights (ICESCR), which emphasized on Rights to Adequate Food in 19662. Several other international declarations and conventions have also emphasized on the same thereafter.
The World Food Summit held in 1996 set the target to halve the number of undernourished people by 2015 against the recorded number in 1992. In 2004, the Governing Council of FAO adopted Voluntary Guidelines to Support the Progressive Realization of the Rights to Adequate Food to ensure National Food Security. The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) emphasized on the Rights of Vulnerable Groups including children and women.
The ZHC is founded upon a principle that it should not leave hundreds of millions of people suffering from hunger in a world of plenty. This message was re-echoed at the High Level Consultation on Hunger, Food Security and Nutrition held in April 2013 in Madrid, Spain. In November 2014 during 2nd International Conference on Nutrition (ICN2), the world leaders committed on addressing malnutrition in all its forms through sustainable food system to make nutritious diet available to all.
In September 2015, a new set of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) was introduced as a post-2015 development action agenda to be accomplished by 2030. It included food and nutrition security as a one of the key goals along with its other 16 goals. The Goal No. 2 of this agenda aims to end hunger and ensure access to safe, nutritious and sufficient food for all people all year round.
2.2 Regional
The vast majority of the world’s hungry people (827 million) live in developing countries, mainly in the countries in South Asia, East Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Being home to 65.6% of the global hungry population, Asia has the largest number of hungry people across all regions: 552 million or 13.5 percent of its total population. If food security of the Asia-Pacific region is undermined, it will have a significant impact on global food security.3
Among the people suffering from hunger and malnutrition, around 100 million are the under-five children with stunted growth - short for their age. Under-nutrition is one of the primary causes of the death of around 3.5 million children per year in the Region. It is also a cause of one-third of the childhood illnesses. To overcome this situation, ensuring appropriate diets, safe water, hygiene and sanitation; health services, especially for infant and young children as well as pregnant and lactating women, is necessary. This is particularly important for the survival of pregnant and lactating women, and the children under the age of two.
In April 2013, the ZHC initiative was launched by the UN Deputy Secretary-General and the Executive Secretary of the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) in Asia and the Pacific Region. It was endorsed by the Prime Ministers and senior officials of the UN Member States who attended this meeting. It emphasized on the implementation of ZHC initiatives with concrete time-bound action plan for creating a hunger-free society in Asia and the Pacific Region by 2025.
The UN Regional Thematic Working Group on Poverty and Hunger, chaired by FAO and co-chaired by UNESCAP and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), developed a Regional Guiding Framework for achieving ZHC initiative. This Framework is the guideline for the UN Member States in formulating and implementing their activities directed towards ending hunger by 2025. It emphasizes multi-stakeholder consultations and coordination in the respective member countries.
2 Interpreted as availability of food in a quantity and quality sufficient to satisfy the dietary needs of individual, free from the adverse substances and which is acceptable within a given culture. This must be accessible to all, implying an obligation to provide special programmes for the vulnerable. This must also ensure an equitable distribution of world food supplies in relation to the need, taking into account the problems of food-importing and food-exporting countries.
3 APEC (2014). Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Ministerial Meeting on Food Security, Beijing, China 19 September 2014 http://apec.org/Groups/Other-Groups/~/link.aspx?_id=5C50BCC9A038470A814B08E8353B3FCA&_z=z
4 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
In December 2013, UNESCAP organized a Ministerial Conference to discuss the Guiding Framework among the member countries. This conference passed the Bangkok Declaration highlighting the importance of ZHC initiative from the perspective of regional cooperation with emphasis on priority assistance for the member countries, which are in a special need.
2.3 National
According to the Global Hunger Index (GHI)4 calculated by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Nepal ranks 58th among 104 countries in terms of its severity of hunger. Though the country has been able to reduce its severity between 1990 and 2015, it is still at a “serious” condition heading closer to the “moderate” stage.
One in four people in the country live below the national poverty line. Majority of them face food deficit and struggle hard to feed themselves and their family members. Nepal’s vulnerability to high food prices, especially in the remote mountain areas, further aggravates the situation of hunger and malnutrition. Average food price in the mountain and hill regions is almost double than in other locations.
In Nepal, approximately 5 million people are undernourished. The number of stunted children - short for their age declined from 57 percent in 2001 to 41 percent in 2011.5 It is still high above the 30 percent target set by the UN.
Around 70 percent of the Nepalese population work on the land for a living. Agriculture accounts for more than one-third of the country’s economic output. However, the growth of agricultural production has been hardly keeping pace with the country’s population growth. The adversities posed by the climate change effects and natural disasters, on the other hand, are additional challenges to the livelihoods of many rural people in general and poor people in particular. The problem has been further compounded by the devastating earthquake of April 2015. Around 8 million people, almost 30 percent of the entire population of the country representing 39 out of 75 districts, have suffered from its destructive effects.
The employment opportunities in the country are limited to engage all job seeking youths into work. It has posed difficulties among the poor families in earning enough to afford food for their family members.6 Such situation has led towards the vulnerabilities of undernourishment. Around 35 percent people in the country still feel that they do not have access to adequate food.7 Among them, around 17 percent (nearly half) are facing severe shortage. Around 2.5 percent of them are undernourished. They consume below 1,724 kcal per capita.8
Average food energy (calorie per capita) available between 2008 and 2013 in the country was 2830. Of this, around 65 percent was contributed by the cereal sources followed by 35 percent by the non-cereals. Over the years, the maternal under-nutrition in the country has declined from 28.3 percent in 1996 to 18.2 percent in 2011. On the contrary, the cases of over-nutrition is on rise in some families as revealed by the over-nutrition rate of 6.5 percent in 2001 to 13.5 percent in 2011.9
4 The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is composite as it represents four components associated with hunger: (1) undernourishment, (2) wasting, (3) stunting, and (4) under five mortality rate. The composite scale derived from such calculation is used for measuring the severity of hunger such as: < 9.9 = low; 10 – 19.9 = moderate; 20 – 34.9 = serious; 25 – 49.9 = alarming; and 50 > = extremely alarming.
5 NPC (2103). Progress Report on the Millennium Development Goals, National Planning Commission, Kathmandu6 These family members consume below 2,200 kcal per capita.7 MoAD (2013). Food and Nutrition Security Plan, 2013, Ministry of Agricultural Development, Kathmandu. 8 Project Steering Committee Presentation on National Action Plan (2016 – 2025): A Zero Hunger Challenge Initiative, Ministry
of Agricultural Development, 2016. 9 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2011, Ministry of Health and Population.
Global Hunger Index – NepalYear GHI1990 44.5 1995 40.32000 36.92005 31.62015 22.2
Source: IFPRI. 2015. Global Hunger Index. 2015. A Peer-Reviewed Publication, October 2015
5Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Majority of women and children in the poor families are badly affected by hunger. These families neither can produce adequate food owing to their poor access to productive resources nor can they afford buying food from the market due to their jobless status. These situations suggest urgent need for enhancing production and increasing income for enhanced food affordability.
Current food shortage encountered by people in the country not only relates to low production but also by the low or no control of production losses in handling the products. These losses occur at pre-harvest, post-harvest and the food consumption chain levels. Viewing this, the Pillar – V of ZHC initiative has emphasized on preventing losses and waste.
Currently, Nepal is ranked as 145th out of 187 countries in terms of the Human Development Index.10 It is gradually progressing towards poverty reduction. It has brought the proportion of poor population down to 23.8 percent towards the end of Millennium Development Goal (MDG). It creates hope for progressing further. The country has potentials for enhancing production, which can make the people food and nutrition secure. The National Action Plan (2016 -2025) attempts to address this issue by blending both on-going efforts under various policies, programmes and project priorities in the country blended with the new gaps identified leading to the eradication of hunger by 2025.
3.0 Launching Of ZHC Initaitve for The Preparation of National Action Plan (2016 – 2025)
Nepal has pledged to progressive reduction of food insecurity, hunger and malnutrition. It is among the few countries recognizing “rights to food” as an essential component enshrined in its National Constitution. This is a significant step in the context of ensuing “food sovereignty” of its people. Accordingly, it emphasizes on access to productive resources (such as land, technological services and capital) for the poor to reduce their poverty with increased employment opportunities. It also intends to promote access to shelter, health and educational services at the same time. All these initiatives are important in the context of contributing to the ZHC targets.
Adopted as a national agenda, the ZHC initiative holds a vision for preparation of the National Action Plan (NAP) 2016 – 2025. To move ahead with this process, the ZHC Initiative was launched on 19 December 2014 by Dr. Narayan Khadka, Senior Minister on behalf of the Prime Minister Mr. Sushil Koirala. Jointly organized by the MoAD along with other line ministries and in collaboration with the UN agencies, bilateral and multilateral development partners, and the Civil Society Organizations (CSOs), this event made all the related stakeholders conversant with their expected roles for the formulation and implementation of NAP. Their participation in this event helped to renew their envisaged commitment towards meeting the targets of ending hunger and malnutrition by the year 2025.
The devastating earthquake, on April 25, 2015, however, hampered the momentum of formulation of the NAP.
3.1 Objectives
Major objective of NAP is to end hunger enhancing food and nutrition security of people by maintaining their “rights to food” with respect to the provision of food sovereignty enshrined in the Nepalese Constitution. Its specific objectives are as follows:
10 UNDP (2014). Human Development Index,http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Human+Development+Index+nepal &view=detailv2&&id=FDC6B55C410311A82E47E55BF055642A8344230F&selectedIndex=10&ccid=0uuZ8kU8 &simid=608004010974972683&thid=OIP.Md2eb99f2453c724b03018cd239c3577eo0&ajaxhist=0
6 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
� Provide access to adequate food for meeting the consumption requirements of all people at all times of the year;
� Increase food production and productivity doubling the volume of production and income of the Smallholder Farmers and Landless Rural Poor (SFLRP);
� Control food loss taking place along the food chains extending from the producers to the consumers; � Promote income generating opportunities for the poor to improve food affordability; � Eliminate stunting of children under the age of two years with their improved nutritional status; � Make adequate availability, accessibility and utilization of food possible with by establishing a sustainable
food system; � Protect vulnerable groups with the safety net provisions; and � Improve food governance services for easy access and utilization of food for all.
The formulation of NAP will add value to existing efforts made under various policies, programmes and projects that aim to enhance food and nutrition security. It attempts to fill the gaps by identifying critical areas, which have remained unattended yet but are useful in the context of eradicating poverty, hunger and malnutrition.
3.2 Institutional arrangements for formulation
The formulation of NAP has adopted participatory process ensuring representation of related stakeholders. Three Committees, namely, High Level Committee (HLC), Steering Committee (SC), Technical Committee (TC) and five Pillar-specific Sub-committees called as Thematic /Technical Taskforce Groups) were formed as follows:
Each Committee and Sub-committee was entrusted with specific tasks. The HLC was responsible for providing overall policy guidance ensuring inter-ministerial coordination, while the SC was entrusted with the responsibility of providing necessary direction for the priorities to be set in designing the NAP and overseeing periodic progress of formulation. Likewise, the TC was responsible for reviewing and suggesting outcomes, outputs and activities suitable for each Pillar-specific tasks undertaken by the Sub-committee (i.e. the Thematic/technical Taskforce Group). To facilitate coordination among various roles undertaken by
Figure 2: Institutional Arrangement for the Formulation of NAP (2016-2025)
High Level Committee
Steering Committee Technical Committee
Pillar–V Taskforce Group
Pillar–III Taskforce Group
Pillar–I Taskforce Group
Launching and Execution of National ActionPlan (2016 – 2025)
Pillar–IV Taskforce Group
Pillar–II Taskforce Group
7Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
different committees and subcommittees, respective Terms of Reference (ToR), approved by the HLC upon endorsement of the SC, was provided.
The Minister of MoAD chaired the HLC, while the Secretary of the Ministry worked as Member-Secretary of Committee. This Member-secretary also chaired the SC, where the Joint-Secretary who was the Chairperson of TC worked as its Member-Secretary. The Sub-committee (Thematic/Technical Taskforce Groups) were chaired by the Under Secretaries of the Ministries concerned. The United Nations Resident Coordinator (UNRC) represented as member of the HLC, while the Country Director of FAO represented as member of the SC. Other national and international development partners were provided with opportunity to provide comments and suggestions during the consultative process and also on the draft version of the NAP.
4.0 Strategic Priorities and Major Components of NAP
Nepal is one among the few countries in the world, incorporating “food sovereignty” in its Constitution as a fundamental right of her citizens. Commensurate with this, the first and foremost priority of the NAP has remained to ensure adequate access and proper utilization of food by all people sustainably in order to fulfil their basic nutritional requirements leading to a good health.
Nepal has developed an Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS). It is a perspective agriculture development plan guiding Nepal’s agricultural development activities for the next 20 years (2015 – 2035). It is an umbrella programme for food and nutrition security interventions. Its priorities are linked to MSNP and other poverty reduction frameworks related to food production, equitable distribution and effective utilization of food to maintain a good nutritional status of the population with special focus on the most vulnerable groups.
By adopting coherent agenda in line with the prevailing policies and strategies, the NAP highlights the importance of agricultural development for improved food security and nutritional status of the population. It not only looks into the critical areas of production but also necessary support system examining the currently less attended or even unattended subject areas that could accelerate the process of eradicating hunger, poverty and malnutrition. The NAP aims at nutrition sensitive agriculture interventions throughout the value chains along with addressing issues related to food quality, safety and nutrition education in conjunction with the ongoing nutrition focused interventions.
The NAP covers adoption of both short and long-term solutions to achieve sustainable as well as inclusive food system that contributes to improve the food and nutrition security situation of people. It proposes establishment of a strong monitoring and evaluation system that contributes to assess periodic progress of delivered services looking at the advancement towards meeting the ultimate goal of eradicating hunger and malnutrition. With such provision included in the plan, it expects to ensure accountability of related institutional functionaries towards improved food and nutrition security. To facilitate this process, it recommends establishment of key indicators based baseline information reflecting upon different stages of the implemented activities and their results.
4.1 Strategic Priorities
The Right to Food is a priority for NAP. It aims to achieve “food for all” to create a situation of zero hunger by 2025. In order to reach this stage, it gives priority for enhanced food production and productivity, production diversification, increase of investment in agriculture, physical infrastructure development, making local food supply safe and nutritious, agri-business development with market access with special focus to the vulnerable groups, improved processing, storage and preservation, increased employment opportunities, making agricultural occupation attractive for youths, support for SFLRP with improved access to productive resources, promotion of supportive role of the cooperatives, safety net support for the vulnerable groups, and improved food governance as its strategic priorities. Following figure illustrates their connectivity:
8 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Sustainable food production with diversity: Food production activities will be improved in a sustainable manner by diversifying the crops with the application of improved seeds. For this purpose, the farmers will be trained for the replacement of seed. They will also be encouraged for the production of improved seeds locally and for the establishment and management of community seed banks.
The staple food consumption pattern of the country increasingly reveals that most of the consumers prefer to take rice as their main staple food. Such preference exist even in the food deficit areas, where rice cultivation is not suitable. It has led to increased dependency on imported rice in these areas, while undermining the production potential and the nutritional importance of the indigenous crops (e.g. millets, oats, barley etc.). The NAP intends to break such perspective with increased support for inputs - seeds, fertilizers and loans in order to enable the farm families to cultivate the indigenous staple food crops and make them aware on the nutritional importance of these indigenous sources of staple food crops.
In order to lead towards sustainability of the production process, the farmers will be familiarized with the potentials of diversifying crops. They will also be made aware about the practices that can contribute to overcome the adverse effects of climate change. They will be trained for selecting suitable crops that can respond to the changing climatic conditions (i.e. the selection of climate smart crops, which deserves the potential for comparative advantage in the food market). Priority will be assigned for diversification as per the technical potential as well as economic viability for growing.
Increased investment of resources and their optimum utilization: Under-investment in agriculture has been considered one of the reasons for low application of quality inputs and advanced technologies. It affects the level of production and productivity. To overcome such situation there is a demand for increased budgetary allocation by the government in agriculture.11 The NAP suggests making an attempt to promote investment with capital formation support extended to the food insecure farmers with optimum utilization of available resources.
11 Preferably 5-10 percent of the Agricultural Gross Domestic Product (AGDP).
Figure 3: Strategic Priorities of NAP
9Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
The government source alone will not be sufficient to meet increasing demand for investment in agriculture. For this, creating favourable climate for the mobilization of private and cooperative sector investments with necessary incentives is essential. The mobilization of cooperative fund is particularly important for the smallholder producers who form the majority of the farm households in the country. They have the prospect for making collective efforts for production and marketing of crops. Therefore, they can be targeted as priority groups to accomplish these.
Physical infrastructure development: Poor accesses to basic infrastructure facilities are one of the reasons for low production, productivity and marketability of both inputs as well as outputs at a reasonable price. Such problems are more serious in the case of remote hills and mountains where accessing market is often difficult. They lead to higher transaction cost and also pose difficulties in meeting the food requirements locally.
The areas having difficult physical terrains often keep the people of those areas in an isolated condition. In such situation, they cannot play much with their IGAs without access to basic infrastructures. In order to break such barrier, the NAP emphasizes on the promotion of irrigation facilities, local storage provisions, transportation services, processing facilities for the agro-value chains, and establishment of the marketing infrastructures. As these facilities are also emphasized under the ADS, their accelerated achievements would contribute to encourage production as a means striking balance between the seasonal demand and supply of food between the food surplus and deficit areas.
Promotion of the role of cooperatives for production and marketing support: Nepal has more than 50,000 cooperatives operating across the country. Around 50 percent of them are women cooperatives. These cooperatives are playing significant role in supporting farmers in the production and marketing of inputs as well as outputs. As they are locally based, they have comparative advantage to provide direct services. The NAP will promote their supportive roles in the production and marketing processes as well as credit services.
Agricultural occupation made attractive for youths: The increasing migration trend for foreign employment reveals that engagement in agriculture has become a second choice for many youths in the recent years. It has subsequently increased feminization of agriculture, as most of the migrants are male. Such migration is also a reason for shortage of agricultural labour for major farm operations. To overcome such situation, the NAP suggests two-pronged strategies. On the one hand, it suggests making agricultural engagements more attractive for youths with the provisions for incentives covered with subsidized inputs, market linkage development, and the minimum support price for the products. On the other, it also prioritizes application of labour saving technology by promoting micro-mechanization.
Smallholders supported with access to productive resources: The smallholder farmers and landless rural poor are unable to achieve sufficient production in the absence of adequate productive resources. It not only prevents them from production shortage but also from poor food affordability. Realizing this, the NAP emphasizes on increased access of SFLRP to land under the fixed term contractual arrangements wherever possible. It also suggests provision of institutional support services for seeds, fertilizers and irrigation water including the soft loans to promote their self-employed activities.
Protection of vulnerabilities against the natural disaster shocks: The geographic diversity of Nepal invites natural disaster of one kind or the other at various places. When the scale of disaster is small, affecting only some of the vulnerable groups, it does not often trigger full-scale humanitarian response. However, it creates adverse effects on the affected families. Therefore, risk-proofing and preparedness against the possible shocks focusing on the vulnerable groups will remain a priority. Attempts will be made to empower local communities towards managing small-scale disaster shocks, their prevention with early warning systems and improved preparedness. It also entails focus on the risk reduction efforts implanting the Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) activities into the development initiatives with enhanced accountability of the service providers towards the vulnerable groups.
10 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Agri-business development with market access to vulnerable groups: Stimulating agri-business with emphasis on related value chains can contribute to engage greater number of poor in income earning opportunities. Value chain can also be one of the ways of preserving food for a longer term to meet seasonal food shortage. It can also contribute to store and dispose-off products in the market minimizing the losses. Viewing these, the NAP proposes value addition, access to price information, and capacity building of the farmer associations as the way of promoting of agri-business. It emphasizes increased participation of SFLRP in these activities. It also plans for necessary institutional support from the line agencies, cooperatives and the farmers’ associations for their enterprise development.
Food affordability improved with increased employment opportunities: Nepalese economy is predominantly agrarian. It is a source for major employment opportunities for many youths who are unemployed. It is also one of the potential means for poverty reduction and improved food security. The contribution of this sector is highly important for the marginalized groups of people living in the remote areas. In order to ensure their food security, mainstreaming their meaningful engagement in the economic activities needs special attention. In view of this, the NAP emphasizes on generation of new employment opportunities by implementing in the farm and off-farm activities with value chain and value addition approach. Similarly, it has also provisioned for the vocational skills training to mobilize and link non-farm sector with farming sector. Such strategy is expected to decrease the trend of outmigration of youths seeking jobs in the foreign markets as an unskilled labour. Acquiring vocational skills will be important for most of the first time job seekers who form the majority of unemployed youths who are aged between 16 – 24 years.
Making safe and nutritious food available at local level: Average food production data of 2011/2012 to 2013/2014 in Nepal revealed that 32 out of 75 districts in the country encounter food shortage. In view of this, localization of production enhancing capacities in these deficit areas will be prioritized. Attempts will be made to enhance production in the pocket areas surrounding the core areas of hunger. Production incentives will be channelled for the identified pocket areas attempting to localize the supply to meet the demand.
Baitadi
Surkhet
Banke
Dang
Palpa
Sarlahi
Makwanpur
SindhupalchokDolakha
Ramechhap
Okhaldhunga
Khotang
TaplejungKavrepalanchok
SirahaDhan
usha
Rautahat
Mahotari
Rupandehi
Kanchanpur
Kailali
Bardiya
Doti Achham Kalikot
Darchula
Bajhang
Bajura
Dailekh Jajarkot
Dolpa
RukumMyagdi
Baglung
Parbat
Lamjung
Parsa
Rasuwa
Nuwakot
KtmBhaktapur
Solukhumbu
Udaypur
Saptari
Bhojpur
Dhankuta
Terathum
Pancht
har
Morang
Lalitpur
Manang
Syangja
Rolpa
Pyuthan
Kapilbastu
Arghakhanchi
Salyan
Mugu
Mustang
Kaski
Gorkha
Dhading
Gulmi
Tanahu
NawalparasiChitwan
Bara
Sindhuli
Sunsari
Ilam
Jhapa
Sankhuwa
shabha
Humla
JumlaDadeldhura
NepalFood Surplus and Deficit Districts
Eastern
Central
Western
Mid Western
Food Surplus Districts
Food Deficit Districts
Far Western
50 50 100
N
Kilometers0
Map – 1: Food Surplus and Deficit Districts of Nepal
11Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
The NAP emphasizes on diversifying the food production system covering the promotion of both improved and indigenous crop varieties and the animal breeds to the extent they are technically feasible and financially viable. Efforts will be made to make the food systems locally sustainable. Mapping of major food crop domains suitable to their location specific potentials will be undertaken to target selective agricultural production and productivity interventions supported with the supply of quality inputs and necessary market development providing choice for the consumers to select the items of their preference.
In order to ensure all season availability of inputs and marketable outputs, it has proposed to establish godowns for seeds, fertilizers and food grains in various locations.
Women empowerment: Women, in their capacity, are agricultural producers, food managers and the care takers of their children. They nourish their children by breastfeeding. They are the ones who establish household level food and nutrition norms. Considering these roles, the NAP proposes empowerment of women as value chain actors as well as the change agent for introducing improved food and nutritional behaviour at the household level. Accordingly, related activities are proposed for their access to productive resources for the promotion of Income Generating Activities (IGAs), extension services, information sharing, and the adoption of labour as well as time saving technologies. The NAP has emphasized on equal opportunity for women in acquiring skills and earning incomes in addition to the care they need for their reproductive rights and safe delivery.
Processing, storage and preservation facilities for food improved: The NAP highlights the promotion of home and community based food processing, storage and preservation activities. It plans to engage women as the main actors of these activities and plans to build their capacity for both skills and enterprise development. These interventions will contribute to preserve food for a longer time without much loss, which ultimately can contribute to overcome seasonal food shortages.
Nutrition promotion and education: The NAP has realized that nutrition education integrated with agricultural and food production system has a huge potential to enhance the impact of production and income for improved dietary practices thereby to accomplish improved nutritional outcomes. It suggests promotion of production diversity with knowledge enhanced about safer food and eventually improving consumption of diverse foods, especially among the vulnerable populations.
Improved food governance: Kofi Annan, former Secretary General of the UN, mentioned that good governance is one of the important factors in eradicating poverty and promoting development. Maintaining institutional accountability in delivering the public services is important in this regard. The NAP emphasizes application of improved governance norms in the public food distribution system. It also highlights the need of making the pricing process transparent. The distributions should be made inclusive in view of the needs to be addressed for the vulnerable groups. The service delivery actors should be made accountable towards these. It should contribute to safeguard the poor with equitable access to all kinds of institutional services be it in the form of production support or the distribution of food. It entails effective engagement of the stakeholders in identifying disadvantaged target groups with priority to ensure their food security.
Safety net support for the vulnerable groups: Poor people affected by food shortage will not be able to access employment and income earning opportunities immediately. Therefore, they need protection for access to food till the jobs are available for them in the labour market. For such transition period, the NAP plans for social safety net support provision for the vulnerable groups (i.e. the group which encounters food shortage of more than 3 months in a year).
Such group will not only obtain support for food but also micro-nutrient rich diet depending upon the food security situation and nutritional status of these groups. The women and children should be targeted under such support as it can contribute to reduce the number of stunted children below five years.
12 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Safety net provision is also required to protect risk prone farmers against the new ventures they will be taking. They should be ensured against the risk of crop failure or livestock death including the risk of market price volatilities. The NAP emphasizes on promoting such insurance provisions to transform the farmers from the adoption of traditional agriculture to modern agricultural system. Accordingly, it plans to promote group farming by involving SFLRP so that they can enhance their capacity of taking risks by sharing their knowledge within their group, while thinning the risk burden, if any. It requires further expansion of prevailing crop and livestock insurance support being provided by the government with 75 percent subsidy on the annual premium to be paid.
The NAP also emphasizes on the consumption of nutrient dense foods by promoting best kitchen practices for the poor families. These families will be trained in improved food preparation and cooking practices together with the demonstration of improved recipes. The institutions like Ama Samuha (mothers’ groups) and other women groups will be mobilized to facilitate this process.
4.2 Major Components of NAP
The components of the NAP are developed for five Pillars of ZHC initiative. The outcomes, outputs and activities proposed for interventions through the Plan are identified accordingly.
Figure 4: Linkage across the Intervention Pillars
4.2.1 Pillar 1 - 100 % equitable access to adequate, nutritious and affordable food all year round
This Pillar deals with creation of enabling environment for adequate access to affordable as well as nutritious food. It emphasizes on enhancing production with increased on-farm, off-farm and non-farm IGAs, in general, and targeted to the vulnerable groups, in particular. The ultimate objective of such emphasis is to make “fundamental rights to food” operational.
100% equitable access to adequate nutritious and affordable food all year round;
Zero stunted children less than 2 years of age
100% Increase in smallholder productivity and income
Zero Hunger
2025
Interventions Related to ZHC
Zero loss or waste of food
All food systems are sustainable
13Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
The Pillar-I suggests design of suitable policy instruments for effective utilization of land. Stabilization of food prices, sharing of market information, access to stabilized market, maintenance of food reserves for the emergencies, social protection for vulnerable groups and safety net provision to cover the needs of poor are its priorities.
All activities covered under this Pillar emphasize on sensitivity towards people who suffer from poverty, hunger and malnutrition. In this respect, it aims to address the needs of most vulnerable groups (e.g. female headed households, adolescent girls, pregnant/lactating women, children, elderly persons, households having impaired person with disability, HIVAIDS affected persons, victims of natural disasters and the remote area dwellers encountering food shortage). Creating awareness about their rights to food and nutrition security and also introducing pro-poor food entitlements for the vulnerable groups through Food Stamp service in emergencies are given priority.
This Pillar intends to reduce unfavourable effects of food price volatilities by enhancing access of producers and consumers with well-functioning markets. In particular, the poor and vulnerable people, who are often hard hit by erratic changes in their capacity to afford food, are proposed to protect their shortages by introducing public distribution system with emergency food stocks. Considering this need, the Pillar suggests construction of storage facilities for agricultural inputs as well as outputs at the accessible market locations.
It emphasizes on the generation of new employment opportunities of all kinds (farm, off-farm and non-farm) to enhance affordability. Those who are unable to take advantage of enhanced production process straight away, due to their poor access to productive resources, will be supported with safety net provisions for a transitional period of five years (i.e. till they can stand on their own feet).
The Pillar highlights on the importance of price monitoring mechanism for major inputs and outputs. Information on the monitored pricing rates will be disseminated among the producers, traders and consumers preventing them from the effects of uncontrolled price volatilities at different occasions.
4.2.2 Pillar 2 – Zero stunted children less than 2 years of age
This Pillar emphasizes on reduction of stunting through combined efforts of nutrition sensitive and nutrition specific interventions targeting to the first 1000-days of life i.e. between the start of pregnancy and a child’s second birthday, which is considered as a window of opportunity for various nutrition interventions. While the problem of malnutrition is multi-dimensional and calls for multi-sectoral coordinated approach, the NAP stresses the promotion of food-based interventions for universal access to nutritious food for all. This should be complemented by interventions from health, care, water, sanitation, hygiene, education and social protection that enhance the food and nutrition security of the vulnerable population.
Complementing the national policies viz. MSNP and FNSP and other sectoral plans and policies such as Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Strategy, Maternal Nutrition Strategy, Early Childhood Development (ECD) and Hygiene Master Plan, the ZHC Plan of Action advocates and emphasises on scaling up of nutrition sensitive agricultural interventions and food based approach to improved nutrition.
Preventing the risk against malnutrition through improved dietary intakes has remained one of the priorities under this Pillar. It suggests optimal biological utilization of food highlighting the importance of preventing food, water and vector borne diseases. It emphasizes on the promotion of access to adequate macro- and micro-nutrient rich foods for all with special focus to the pregnant and lactating mothers, children under the age of two and adolescent girls.
The focus of NAP is on addressing the malnutrition in all its forms- under-nutrition, over-nutrition and micro-nutrient deficiencies, however, the key focus is on reduction of stunting among the children of age two year and below. The NAP stresses the strengthening systems for ensuring availability and accessibility
14 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
of safe and nutritious foods for improved. It also proposes incorporation of nutrition education to empower and sensitize the consumer to make healthy food choices, consumption of micro-nutrient rich vegetables, fruits and animal source foods.
Promoting healthy eating habit and diversification of diets with utilization of nutrition-dense food has remained its priority suggesting the target groups for consuming different protein rich food items such as animal legumes and pulses, especially by the adolescent girls, mothers and children.
This Pillar highlights the importance of improving maternal, IYCF practices with routine intake of micronutrient supplements, iodized salt and fortified foods. Using safe drinking water and improving sanitation facilities to control possible infections are proposed as measures preventing possible water borne diseases.
Changing the nutrition behaviour of family members is essential for improvement in the nutrition status of the target groups. Emphasis has been given for making the mothers and care takers aware on the food taboos and their harmful effects on the nutrition and health of mothers and their children by means of education on nutrition, health, care and sanitation. Educating the community members in adopting improved food and nutritional behaviours and practices has remained its priority to sustain improved practices introduced. This Pillar emphasizes on building capacity of the front line service providers to facilitate delivery of appropriate messages to the target audience.
The NAP has proposed interventions highlighting how other factors may impact the health and well-being of women and how programming across the sectors, particularly health, would be desirable. As the migration of men is forcing women more to go back to their work in the field right after delivery instead of the recommended resting period, it has affected increase of uterine prolapse among large number of women. The NAP aims at controlling such adverse effects through both awareness raising and health related interventions.
4.2.3 Pillar 3 – All food systems are sustainable
This Pillar emphasizes on ensuring sustainable agriculture system for food and nutrition security. It aims to make the agriculture production process sustainable through improved soil fertility, efficient use of water resources, conservation of biodiversity, coping with natural disasters and adaptation to adverse effects of climate change. It also highlights on the enhanced access to quality and adequate inputs in time so as to increase land and labour productivity and food production to make the food systems sustainable by improving environmental, economic and social well-being of communities.
Sustainable food system prioritises on making nutritious food items adequately available in the local market and improving affordability of people through creation of new jobs across the agricultural value chains. However, increase in income is addressed by the Pillar IV.
Protection of tenure of individuals and communities on land, fisheries and forests is important for sustainable food system of local communities. Adoption of women friendly technologies reduces drudgery freeing their time for more productive activities.
Coping with natural disasters and adapting to climate change and variability through adoption of climate smart crops can help to achieve sustainable food system. To facilitate this process, priority is needed on research and extension services related to climate change adaptation and sustainable agriculture practices. In this respect, increased involvement of National Agricultural Research Council (NARC) and academia will be emphasized.
Ensuring coherence among the roles played by different organizations (e.g. agriculture, industry, trade, energy, land reform, water resources and environment) has also been considered essential for the sustainable food system. Accordingly, developing complementarities among the policies and programmes of related organizations are essential for designing and achieving agriculture development and sustainable food system.
15Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
4.2.4 Pillar 4 – 100% increase in smallholder productivity and income
Around 53 percent of the farmers in Nepal are smallholders. This Pillar emphasizes on the contribution of these farmers in achieving ZHC with enhanced production and productivity. Against the limited availability of agricultural land and even shrinkages observed due to increased population as well as urbanization, this Pillar entails to overcome ZHC with enhanced productivity than area expansion. It requires farmers to achieve greater production targets per unit of land. Given that the smallholder farmers are not only producers but also the target group beneficiaries of the production process, enhancing participation of these target groups on all the four dimensions of food security (i.e. availability, accessibility, utilization and stability) is emphasized. It not only emphasizes their role in increased production, productivity and income but also in the intake of sufficient nutritious food to eradicate hunger and malnutrition.
The NAP emphasizes on the increase in the productivity of all kinds of crops including cereals (rice, maize, wheat, millets etc.), other staple crops (e.g. potatoes), and the fruits and vegetables. It aims to increase livestock production as well. For these improvements, the Pillar expects support for enhanced technologies, timely access to inputs (e.g. seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, planting materials, poultry chicks, improved animals, fingerlings etc.) and the facilities for marketing of outputs. Hoping to capture ecological potential of different areas, the NAP suggests cultivation of both improved and indigenous crops that are found more adaptable to pest, drought and flood related risks.
The Pillar emphasizes water use efficiency in increasing production. Accordingly, it emphasizes on creation of both physical infrastructure for irrigation and improved water management practice at the same time.
The priority laid by this Pillar to enhance production is to meet household level food requirement first. It will then be followed by marketing of surplus at the second place to earn cash incomes. Viewing this, the production system suggested emphasizes to enhance efficiency as well as effectiveness in meeting their consumption requirements as well as in increasing household incomes. In order to facilitate this process, suitable linkage will be developed among the producers, traders and consumers.
Increased access to productive resources (especially land and credit) will be provided for SFLRP. They will be encouraged to engage themselves in the home-based agro-processing industries. Such support will be extended in the remote areas having potentials for running the market-friendly value chains.
4.2.5 Pillar 5 – Zero loss or waste of food
Estimated figures of FAO, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and World Food Programme (WFP) reveal around 45 percent global loss of fruits and vegetables and nearly 30 percent loss of cereals due to poor post-harvest practices. Further to this, the food loss also occurs during consumption, where left over food is thrown to garbage. It happens due to their inadequate knowledge about the food preservation techniques. These losses substantially reduce food availability and also decrease earnings of the producers. They also reduce affordability among the consumers who encounter high demand pushed procurement of food grains against the short supplies that contributes to price rise. In the face of increasing food shortage and decreasing affordability, controlling these losses is important. Such control can enhance supply of additional food for those who lack access.
The food loss encountered by the country occurs both at the pre-harvest12 and post-harvest stages. Preventing such loss is still a low priority in the country. To overcome such situation, this Pillar emphasizes on loss control at all levels extending from production to the consumption levels encompassing harvest, storage, transport, processing, retailing and consumption stages.
12 Pre-harvest loss occurred due to late harvest of earlier maturing grains in a mixed variety cultivation.
16 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
The Pillar suggests making all players of the food system responsible to adopt loss or waste preventing technologies or habits based on the identification of major loss points. It suggests enhancing knowledge and skills for the adoption of loss reduction measures in the various stages of food chain.
The NAP emphasizes on the establishment of sound infrastructural base (e.g. transport, cool and dry storage facilities, energy, preservation equipment, and packing-house). It also emphasizes promotion of the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to facilitate the management of loss at respective supply points. In this regard, promoting knowledge management practices based on regular monitoring of implemented activities has been suggested.
Various outcomes, outputs and activities are proposed under the above mentioned five Pillars. These proposals are based on the review of priority programmes and projects currently implemented by the MoAD in its own initiative and under the support of various development partners. These projects and programmes are related to food security, poverty reduction, reduction of hunger and nutrition security (see Annex – I for further details). Gaps were identified based on these reviews and the outcomes, outputs and activities were proposed under each Pillar as follows:
17Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Char
t 1: P
illar S
pecifi
c Ou
tcom
es, O
utpu
ts a
nd A
ctivi
ties
Pilla
r – I:
100
% E
quita
ble
Acc
ess t
o A
dequ
ate,
Nut
ritio
us a
nd A
fford
able
Foo
d A
ll Ye
ar R
ound
Act
ivity
1.1
.1.1
: Co
nduc
t res
earc
h on
how
SFL
RP ar
e acc
essin
g fo
od to
mee
t the
ir re
quire
men
t and
wha
t leg
al
pr
ovisi
ons c
an im
prov
e the
ir ac
cess
with
righ
ts b
ased
choi
ceA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.1
.2:
Enac
t law
s tha
t con
trib
ute t
o en
sure
equi
tabl
e dist
ribut
ion
of fo
odA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.1
.3:
Diss
emin
ate i
nfor
mat
ion
thro
ugh
mas
s med
ia ab
out t
he m
easu
res t
hat c
ontr
ibut
es p
oor f
amili
es in
acce
ssin
g fo
od an
d nu
triti
on se
curit
y bas
ed o
n th
eir e
qual
righ
ts
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.1
: Im
prov
e acc
ess t
o qu
ality
seed
s of c
erea
ls, p
otat
o an
d ve
geta
bles
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.2
. A
ctiv
ate S
AA
RC S
eed
Bank
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.3
: In
crea
se ti
mel
y ava
ilabi
lity o
f fer
tiliz
ers
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.4
: Pr
omot
e cro
p va
rietie
s sui
tabl
e for
diff
eren
t eco
logi
cal b
elts
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.5
: Es
tabl
ish n
urse
ries f
or d
iffer
ent f
ruits
suita
ble t
o di
ffere
nt ec
olog
ical
bel
tsA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.2
.6:
Incr
ease
irrig
atio
n ar
ea co
vera
geA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.2
.7:
Supp
ort i
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
seed
visi
onA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.2
.8:
Prom
otio
n of
safe
pes
ticid
esA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.2
.9:
Incr
ease
use
of f
arm
mac
hine
ries a
nd eq
uipm
ent
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.1
0:
Trai
n fa
rmer
s to
adap
t with
clim
ate c
hang
e and
nat
ural
disa
ster
effec
ts
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
: In
crea
se m
ilk p
rodu
ctio
nA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.3
.2:
Impr
ove q
ualit
y of a
nim
al fe
ed fo
r inc
reas
ed m
ilk p
rodu
ctio
n A
ctiv
ity 1
.1.3
.3
Incr
ease
egg
prod
uctio
nA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.3
.4:
Incr
ease
goa
t far
min
gA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.3
.5:
Prom
ote r
aisin
g of
impr
oved
pou
ltry a
nd an
imal
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.6
: Bu
ild ca
paci
ty o
f sm
all p
rodu
cers
to in
crea
se li
vest
ock
prod
uctio
nA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.3
.7:
Incr
ease
supp
ly o
f fee
dA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.3
.8:
Incr
ease
pro
duct
ion
of fo
dder
A
ctiv
ity 1
.1.3
.9:
Impr
ove p
reve
ntiv
e and
cura
tive a
nim
al h
ealth
serv
ices
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
0:
Incr
ease
appl
icat
ion
of IC
T to
impr
ove t
he li
vest
ock
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
esA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.3
.11:
Sc
ale-
up li
vest
ock
farm
s for
incr
ease
d pr
oduc
tion
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
2:
Trai
n fa
rmer
s on
cold
and
war
m w
ater
fish
farm
ing
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
3:
Incr
ease
fish
pro
duct
ion
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.1
: M
aint
ain
trad
ition
al ir
rigat
ion
syst
ems
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.2
: A
dopt
rain
wat
er h
arve
stin
g sy
stem
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.3
: Pr
omot
e Mul
tiple
Use
of W
ater
Sys
tem
(MU
S)A
ctiv
ity 1
.1.4
.4:
Prom
ote l
easin
g of
fallo
w la
nd fo
r cul
tivat
ion
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.5
: Pr
ovid
e lan
d ba
nkin
g an
d le
asin
g fa
cilit
ies
Out
com
e - 1
.1N
epal
’s Co
nstit
utio
nal
Righ
ts to
Foo
d So
vere
ignt
y m
ater
ializ
ed w
ith
incr
ease
d ac
cess
of a
ll pe
ople
to fo
od
Out
put -
1.1
.1La
ws t
o en
sure
righ
ts to
fo
od so
vere
ignt
y fo
rmul
ated
and
enfo
rced
Out
put -
1.1
.2In
crea
sed
acce
ss to
inpu
ts
for t
he p
rodu
ctio
n of
fo
od cr
ops
Out
put -
1.1
.3In
crea
sed
acce
ss to
liv
esto
ck p
rodu
cts
Out
put -
1.1
.4In
crea
sed
acce
ss to
pr
oduc
tion
infra
stru
ctur
e
18 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Act
ivity
1.1
.5.1
: U
se o
f ICT
on
agric
ultu
re ex
tens
ion
Act
ivity
1.1
.5.2
: Pr
omot
e Agr
o-ca
ll Ce
ntre
s in
all p
rovi
nces
Act
ivity
1.1
.5.3
: Pr
omot
e mob
ile ap
plic
atio
ns fo
r the
diss
emin
atio
n of
pric
e inf
orm
atio
n re
late
d to
the
ag
ro- c
omm
oditi
es
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.1
: In
crea
se w
omen
's ac
cess
to p
rodu
ctiv
e ass
et b
ase
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.2
: Pr
omot
e gen
der-
resp
onsiv
e tra
inin
g an
d ex
tens
ion
serv
ices
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.3
: Pr
omot
e wom
en-fr
iend
ly ag
ricul
tura
l tec
hnol
ogie
s and
pra
ctic
esA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.6
.4:
Stre
ngth
en ag
ro-g
ende
r dat
abas
e for
pla
nnin
g an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of ag
ricul
tura
l act
iviti
esA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.6
.5:
Incr
ease
land
regi
stra
tion
on w
omen
’s na
me
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.6
: In
crea
se o
utre
ach
of ex
tens
ion
serv
ices
to w
omen
hea
ded
hous
ehol
ds
Act
ivity
1.1
.7.1
: Id
entif
y poc
ket a
reas
for t
he sp
ecia
lized
crop
s bas
ed o
n th
eir c
ompa
rativ
e adv
anta
geA
ctiv
ity 1
.1.7
.2:
One
-vill
age-
one
-pro
duct
(OVO
P)A
ctiv
ity 1
.1.7
.3:
One
dist
rict o
ne p
rodu
ct (O
DO
P)A
ctiv
ity 1
.1.7
.4:
Revi
ve cu
ltiva
tion
of n
egle
cted
but
nut
ritiv
e tra
ditio
nal/i
ndig
enou
s cro
ps in
vie
w o
f the
ir ric
h
nutr
itiou
s val
ues
Act
ivity
1.1
.7.5
: Pr
omot
e gen
etic
cons
erva
tion
prac
tices
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.1
: In
crea
se ac
cess
to em
ploy
men
t opp
ortu
nitie
s by d
iver
sifyi
ng p
rodu
ctiv
e eng
agem
ents
in th
e far
m,
off
-farm
and
non-
farm
sect
ors
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.2
: Pr
omot
e mar
ket o
rient
atio
n am
ong
the f
arm
ers f
or co
mm
erci
aliz
atio
n of
agric
ultu
reA
ctiv
ity 1
.2.1
.3:
Min
imiz
e pric
e vol
atili
ty ri
sks
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.4
: Co
ntro
l hoa
rdin
g (a
rtifi
cial
supp
ly g
ap) o
f pro
duct
s in
the m
arke
tA
ctiv
ity 1
.2.1
.5:
Iden
tify t
rade
bar
riers
and
avoi
d th
e res
tric
tions
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.6
: En
sure
equa
l wag
e rat
e for
wom
en ag
ricul
tura
l wor
kers
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.7
: Pr
omot
e sel
f-em
ploy
men
t foc
used
agro
-bas
ed en
terp
rises
in g
roup
sA
ctiv
ity 1
.2.1
.8:
Impl
emen
t 100
-day
empl
oym
ent g
uara
ntee
sche
me f
or p
eopl
e liv
ing
in d
ifficu
lt co
nditi
ons
Act
ivity
1.2
.2.1
: Pr
ovid
e tra
nspo
rtat
ion
subs
idy f
or th
e sup
ply o
f foo
d gr
ains
to fo
od d
efici
t dist
ricts
A
ctiv
ity 1
.2.2
.2:
Mai
ntai
n bu
ffer s
tock
as p
repa
redn
ess f
or em
erge
ncy r
espo
nse
Act
ivity
1.2
.2.3
: O
pen
new
food
gra
in o
utle
ts to
ensu
re re
gula
r sup
ply i
n th
e defi
cit a
reas
Act
ivity
1.2
.2.4
: M
aint
ain
buffe
r sto
ck o
f see
dA
ctiv
ity 1
.2.2
.5:
Act
ivat
e SA
ARC
Foo
d Ba
nk
Out
put -
1.2
.2Fo
od d
istrib
utio
n sy
stem
st
reng
then
ed to
ensu
re
avai
labi
lity
Out
put -
1.2
.1H
ouse
hold
inco
mes
of
the p
oor e
nhan
ced
for
food
affor
dabi
lity
Out
put -
1.1
.7Cu
ltiva
tion
of cr
ops
prom
oted
by t
heir
suita
bilit
y to
diffe
rent
ec
olog
ical
cond
ition
s
Out
put -
1.1
.6W
omen
’s ro
le in
pr
oduc
tive a
ctiv
ities
en
hanc
ed
Out
put -
1.1
.5Li
nkag
e bet
wee
n th
e re
sear
ch an
d ex
tens
ion
serv
ices
stre
ngth
ened
Out
com
e - 1
.1 (C
ontd
. ..2
)N
epal
’s Co
nstit
utio
nal
Righ
ts to
Foo
d So
vere
ignt
y m
ater
ializ
ed w
ith
incr
ease
d ac
cess
of
all p
eopl
e to
food
Out
com
e - 1
.2A
dequ
ate a
fford
able
nu
triti
ous f
ood
avai
labl
e fo
r equ
itabl
e util
izat
ion
19Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
r – II
: Zer
o St
unte
d C
hild
ren
Less
Than
2 Y
ears
Of A
ge
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.1
: Tr
ain
the f
ront
line a
gric
ultu
re ex
tens
ion
staff
on
nutr
ition
sens
itive
agric
ultu
re in
terv
entio
ns
(e
.g. f
or p
ract
icin
g nu
triti
onal
ly im
port
ant c
rops
and
lives
tock
incl
udin
g m
ixed
crop
ping
/farm
ing,
rota
tiona
l cro
ppin
g et
c.)A
ctiv
ity 2
.1.1
.2:
Trai
n sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s for
sele
ctiv
e pro
duct
ion
of n
utrit
ion-
dens
e foo
d cr
ops,
vege
tabl
es an
d fru
itsA
ctiv
ity 2
.1.1
.3:
Mak
e far
mer
s aw
are a
bout
the p
rodu
ctio
n di
vers
ifica
tion
and
impo
rtan
ce o
f nut
ritio
nally
rich
crop
s,
vege
tabl
es an
d fru
itsA
ctiv
ity 2
.1.1
.4:
Mak
e hou
seho
ld m
embe
rs aw
are o
f the
impo
rtan
ce o
f foo
d ba
sed
nutr
ition
incl
udin
g th
e die
tary
dive
rsifi
catio
n op
port
uniti
es an
d us
e of b
io-fo
rtifi
ed cr
ops
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.5
: M
ake h
ouse
hold
mem
bers
nut
ritio
n se
nsiti
ve in
sele
ctin
g th
e foo
d m
enu
Act
ivity
2.1
.2.1
: Tr
ain
farm
ers o
n liv
esto
ck p
rodu
ctio
n fo
cusin
g on
pou
ltry,
rabb
it, d
airy
cow
/buff
alo,
goa
t
and
fish
farm
ing
Act
ivity
2.1
.2.2
: Tr
ain
the f
ront
line l
ives
tock
exte
nsio
n w
orke
rs o
n pr
omot
ing
lives
tock
pro
duct
ion
of h
igh
nu
triti
onal
val
ue
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.3
: M
ake f
arm
ers a
war
e abo
ut th
e nut
ritio
nal b
enefi
t of a
nim
al so
urce
food
s and
enco
urag
e
raisi
ng an
imal
s
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
: En
gage
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers i
n ho
mes
tead
food
pro
duct
ion
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.2
: Pr
omot
e sm
all a
nim
al ra
ising
(bac
kyar
d po
ultr
y, da
iry, g
oat)
in th
e sm
allh
olde
r far
m h
ouse
hold
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.1
.3:
Prom
ote n
utrit
iona
l sch
ool g
arde
nA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.1
.4:
Prom
ote s
choo
l fee
ding
and
pack
ed lu
nch
prog
ram
mes
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.5
: D
evel
op tr
aini
ng p
acka
ge o
n ha
rmon
ized
food
pro
cess
ing,
pre
serv
atio
n an
d sa
fety
for n
utrit
ion
and
tr
ain
the r
elat
ed va
lue c
hain
acto
rs
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.6
: Tr
ain
farm
ers/
cons
umer
s by m
eans
of a
casc
ade o
f tra
inin
g( M
ToT,
ToT
and
Farm
er/C
onsu
mer
Trai
ning
) and
the s
taff
from
diff
eren
t sec
tors
( he
alth
, agr
icul
ture
, liv
esto
ck, w
omen
dev
elop
men
t,
educ
atio
n), h
ealth
wor
kers
, Fem
ale C
omm
unity
Hea
lth V
olun
teer
s, ag
ricul
ture
/live
stoc
k ex
tens
ion
w
orke
rs, w
omen
dev
elop
men
t wor
kers
with
the h
arm
oniz
ed tr
aini
ng p
acka
ge d
evel
oped
und
er th
e
Act
ivity
: 2.2
.1.5
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.7
: Re
view
, rev
ise, u
pdat
e and
appl
y the
rule
s, re
gula
tions
and
acts
on
the f
ood
safe
ty p
ract
ices
A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.1
.8:
Mak
e con
sum
ers a
war
e with
cam
paig
ns o
n fo
od sa
fety
and
qual
ity
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.9
: Es
tabl
ish C
onsu
mer
Com
plai
nts U
nit i
n ea
ch o
ffice
of t
he D
epar
tmen
t of F
ood
Tech
nolo
gy an
d
Qua
lity C
ontr
olA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.1
.10:
Co
nduc
t adv
ocac
y, aw
aren
ess a
nd ed
ucat
ion
activ
ities
on
nutr
ition
, foo
d sa
fety
and
hygi
ene a
t
all l
evel
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.1
.11:
St
reng
then
the c
apac
ity an
d m
odal
ity o
f mon
itorin
g on
food
safe
ty an
d qu
ality
in co
ordi
natio
n w
ith
ot
her s
ecto
rsA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.1
.12:
D
evel
op an
d en
forc
e man
dato
ry fo
od sa
fety
and
hygi
ene r
equi
rem
ents
for l
ocal
vend
ors,
smal
l
indu
strie
s and
rest
aura
nts
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
3:
Cond
uct p
erio
dic s
urve
y for
situ
atio
n of
food
safe
ty an
d qu
ality
at th
e nat
iona
l lev
elA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.1
.14:
D
evel
op tr
aini
ng m
anua
ls, fa
cilit
ator
s’ gu
idel
ines
and
orga
nize
trai
ning
for f
arm
ers w
ith em
phas
is
on th
e par
ticip
atio
n of
wom
en fa
rmer
s on
food
pro
cess
ing,
pre
para
tion
and
pres
erva
tion
at th
e
com
mun
ity le
vel
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
5:
Esta
blish
com
mun
ity b
ased
food
pre
serv
atio
n an
d pr
oces
sing
unit
Out
put –
2.1
.1Lo
cal f
ood
prod
uctio
n sy
stem
di
vers
ified
with
focu
s on
unco
nven
tiona
l nut
ritio
us
crop
s, fru
its, v
eget
able
s for
th
eir i
ncre
ased
cons
umpt
ion
Out
put –
2.1
.2Lo
cal p
rodu
ctio
n of
anim
al
sour
ce p
rodu
cts e
nhan
ced
for c
onsu
mpt
ion
by th
e sm
allh
olde
r fam
ily m
embe
rs
Out
put –
2.2
.1St
reng
then
ed ca
paci
ty o
f fa
rmer
s, m
othe
r gro
ups a
nd
smal
l coo
pera
tives
on
the
stor
age a
nd p
roce
ssin
g of
fo
od in
clud
ing
thei
r pr
epar
atio
n an
d pr
eser
vatio
n at
the c
omm
unity
leve
l
Out
com
e –
2.2
Enha
nced
acce
ss an
d ut
ilisa
tion
of sa
fe,
nutr
itiou
s and
div
erse
fo
od ac
cess
ible
amon
g th
e poo
r hou
seho
lds
follo
wed
by i
mpr
oved
he
alth
and
nutr
ition
se
rvic
es
Out
com
e –
2.1
Nut
ritio
n se
nsiti
ve
agric
ultu
ral s
yste
m
prom
oted
20 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
: D
evel
op tr
aini
ng p
acka
ge fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
of fo
od b
ased
die
tary
gui
delin
esA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.2:
Cond
uct a
dvoc
acy a
nd ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
activ
ities
for t
he se
ctor
al fu
nctio
narie
s on
heal
thy d
iet
an
d fo
od b
ased
die
tary
gui
delin
es at
all l
evel
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.3:
Enha
nce t
he tr
aini
ng, c
ouns
ellin
g an
d so
cial
mob
iliza
tion
skill
s for
the f
ront
line w
orke
rs an
d
exte
nsio
n w
orke
rsA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.4:
Dev
elop
and
diss
emin
ate n
ew, i
nnov
ativ
e and
cont
extu
al b
ehav
iour
chan
ge m
essa
ges o
n fo
od sa
fety
,
heal
thy d
iet a
nd d
iet d
iver
sifica
tion
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.5
: D
evel
op fo
od b
ased
man
ual (
for a
ll ag
e gro
ups)
in li
ne w
ith F
BDG
A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.6:
Cond
uct c
asca
de tr
aini
ng to
the h
ouse
hold
s thr
ough
fron
tline
wor
kers
from
diff
eren
t sec
tors
(agr
icul
ture
, hea
lth, w
omen
dev
elop
men
t, ed
ucat
ion
etc.)
A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.7:
Mak
e dist
ribut
ion
of n
utrit
iona
l rat
ion
man
dato
ry th
roug
h th
e pub
lic in
stitu
tions
targ
etin
g th
e foo
d
defic
it an
d hu
man
itaria
n cr
isis a
reas
for t
he b
enefi
t of v
ulne
rabl
e gro
ups i
nclu
ding
child
ren,
preg
nant
and
lact
atin
g w
omen
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.8
: Ru
n ad
voca
cy p
rogr
amm
es to
per
suad
e the
hou
seho
lds f
or m
aint
aini
ng fo
od re
serv
e to
over
com
e
poss
ible
seas
onal
shor
tage
s and
pro
vide
tech
nica
l sup
port
for e
stab
lishi
ng im
prov
ed st
orag
e fac
ilitie
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.9:
Esta
blish
and
oper
ate g
rain
ban
ks at
the c
omm
unity
leve
l to
mee
t sea
sona
l foo
d sh
orta
ges b
y
mob
ilizi
ng lo
cal o
rgan
izat
ions
and
the c
omm
unity
mem
bers
.A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.10:
M
ake p
regn
ant w
omen
awar
e of t
he ri
sk o
f con
sum
ing
alco
hol a
nd ci
gare
ttes
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
1:
Prov
ide s
ocia
l pro
tect
ion
to th
e ultr
a-po
or/v
ulne
rabl
e gro
ups w
ith fo
od as
sista
nce (
thro
ugh
the
ac
tiviti
es su
ch as
Foo
d St
amp
and
food
-for-
wor
k op
port
uniti
es, c
ash
tran
sfer e
tc.)
in th
e foo
d
defic
it ar
eas
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
2:
Prom
ote h
ealth
and
nutr
ition
serv
ices
in th
e com
mun
ity to
incr
ease
the u
se o
f ser
vice
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.13:
Pr
omot
e foo
d an
d re
cipe
dem
onst
ratio
n at
the c
omm
unity
leve
l
Act
ivity
2.2
.3.1
: Co
nduc
t adv
ocac
y tar
getin
g po
licy m
aker
s, pr
ogra
m m
anag
ers a
nd d
istric
t per
sonn
el o
n nu
triti
on
se
nsiti
ve ag
ricul
ture
and
food
bas
ed n
utrit
ion
Act
ivity
2.2
.3.2
: D
evel
op ad
voca
cy p
acka
ge an
d po
licy b
riefs,
com
mun
icat
ion
mat
eria
ls fo
r diss
emin
atio
nA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.3
.3:
Prom
ote w
omen
dru
dger
y red
uctio
n an
d la
bour
savi
ng te
chno
logi
es fo
r foo
d an
d nu
triti
on se
curit
y
Act
ivity
2.2
.4.1
: D
evel
op a
nutr
ition
pro
toco
l for
nut
ritio
n as
sess
men
t and
man
agem
ent f
or th
e hea
lth se
rvic
e
prov
ider
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.4
.2:
Pilo
t IFA
supp
lem
enta
tion
appl
icab
le fo
r the
per
i-con
cept
ual p
erio
d an
d ad
oles
cent
per
iods
Act
ivity
2.2
.4.3
: Im
plem
ent I
FA su
pple
men
tatio
n co
mbi
ned
with
hom
este
ad fo
od p
rodu
ctio
n A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.4
.4:
Inte
grat
e nut
ritio
n co
unse
ling
at d
iffer
ent c
onta
ct p
oint
s und
er h
ealth
targ
etin
g th
e mat
erna
l and
child
hea
lth
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.1
: Re
view
, rev
ise an
d de
velo
p tr
aini
ng g
uide
lines
, man
uals
and
IEC
mat
eria
ls (w
ith fo
cus o
n fo
od
ba
sed
heal
thy d
iet t
o im
prov
e die
tary
div
ersit
y and
enha
ncin
g co
unse
lling
skill
s) b
y tar
getin
g
pr
egna
nt/la
ctat
ing
wom
en an
d ch
ildre
n of
age u
nder
2 ye
ars
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.2
: U
se IC
T to
del
iver
SBC
C m
essa
ges t
arge
ting
the fi
rst 1
000
days
hou
seho
lds
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.3
: D
evel
op re
cipe
boo
k fo
r com
plem
enta
ry fe
edin
g ba
sed
on th
e ava
ilabi
lity o
f loc
al fo
ods (
for e
ach
ec
olog
ical
regi
ons)
and
prom
ote t
heir
utili
zatio
n in
the c
omm
unity
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.4
: Pr
omot
e die
tary
div
ersit
y for
pre
gnan
t, la
ctat
ing
and
child
ren
unde
r 2 ye
ars o
f age
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.5
: Im
prov
e loc
al fe
edin
g pr
actic
es th
roug
h im
prov
emen
t in
loca
l rec
ipes
(usin
g TR
IPS
met
hodo
logy
)
Act
ivity
2.3
.1.1
: Ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
of h
ealth
and
non-
heal
th se
ctor
func
tiona
ries o
n fo
od b
ased
nut
ritio
n A
ctiv
ity 2
.3.1
.2:
In-c
ount
ry as
wel
l out
-cou
ntry
colla
bora
tion
and
expo
sure
to ag
ro-b
ased
pro
ject
s and
food
base
d nu
triti
on p
rogr
amm
esA
ctiv
ity 2
.3.1
.3:
Prom
ote f
orm
al an
d in
form
al ed
ucat
iona
l ser
vice
s (e.g
. SH
N, E
CD, p
aren
tal c
ouns
ellin
g et
c.)
to
kee
p th
e nut
ritio
nal b
ehav
iour
inta
ct
Out
put –
2.2
.2N
utrit
ion
educ
atio
n re
late
d in
form
atio
n di
ssem
inat
ed
appl
ying
food
bas
ed d
ieta
ry
guid
elin
es an
d he
alth
y die
t pr
actic
e with
the p
rom
otio
n of
hea
lth, a
gric
ultu
re an
d so
cial
pro
tect
ion
serv
ices
Out
put –
2.2
.3Fo
od b
ased
nut
ritio
n re
late
d ad
voca
cy an
d ca
paci
ty
build
ing
com
pete
nce o
f the
fro
ntlin
e wor
kers
, agr
icul
ture
ex
tens
ion
wor
kers
, soc
ial
wor
kers
and
heal
th
prof
essio
nals
enha
nced
at
all l
evel
s
Out
put –
2.2
.4N
utrit
ion
serv
ices
impr
oved
w
ith th
eir i
nteg
ratio
n of
the
heal
th se
rvic
es
Out
put –
2.2
.5M
ater
nal,
Infa
nt an
d Yo
ung
Child
Nut
ritio
n pr
actic
es
impr
oved
with
spec
ial f
ocus
on
impr
ovin
g th
e die
tary
di
vers
ity
Out
com
e –
2.3
Enab
ling
envi
ronm
ent
crea
ted
for m
ulti-
sect
or
coor
dina
tion
for c
oher
ent,
func
tiona
l and
conc
erte
d ac
tions
for n
utrit
ion
at
all l
evel
s
Out
put –
2.3
.1In
stitu
tiona
l as w
ell a
s hu
man
reso
urce
capa
city
of
the g
over
nmen
t sec
tor
func
tiona
ries i
mpr
oved
for
addr
essin
g th
e iss
ue o
f fo
od an
d nu
triti
on se
curit
y at
all l
evel
s
Out
com
e –
2.2
(Con
td. .
.2)
Enha
nced
acc
ess a
nd
utili
satio
n of
safe
, nu
triti
ous a
nd d
iver
se
food
acc
essi
ble
amon
g th
e po
or h
ouse
hold
s fo
llow
ed b
y im
prov
ed
heal
th a
nd n
utri
tion
serv
ices
21Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
: D
evel
op tr
aini
ng p
acka
ge fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
of fo
od b
ased
die
tary
gui
delin
esA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.2:
Cond
uct a
dvoc
acy a
nd ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
activ
ities
for t
he se
ctor
al fu
nctio
narie
s on
heal
thy d
iet
an
d fo
od b
ased
die
tary
gui
delin
es at
all l
evel
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.3:
Enha
nce t
he tr
aini
ng, c
ouns
ellin
g an
d so
cial
mob
iliza
tion
skill
s for
the f
ront
line w
orke
rs an
d
exte
nsio
n w
orke
rsA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.4:
Dev
elop
and
diss
emin
ate n
ew, i
nnov
ativ
e and
cont
extu
al b
ehav
iour
chan
ge m
essa
ges o
n fo
od sa
fety
,
heal
thy d
iet a
nd d
iet d
iver
sifica
tion
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.5
: D
evel
op fo
od b
ased
man
ual (
for a
ll ag
e gro
ups)
in li
ne w
ith F
BDG
A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.6:
Cond
uct c
asca
de tr
aini
ng to
the h
ouse
hold
s thr
ough
fron
tline
wor
kers
from
diff
eren
t sec
tors
(agr
icul
ture
, hea
lth, w
omen
dev
elop
men
t, ed
ucat
ion
etc.)
A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.7:
Mak
e dist
ribut
ion
of n
utrit
iona
l rat
ion
man
dato
ry th
roug
h th
e pub
lic in
stitu
tions
targ
etin
g th
e foo
d
defic
it an
d hu
man
itaria
n cr
isis a
reas
for t
he b
enefi
t of v
ulne
rabl
e gro
ups i
nclu
ding
child
ren,
preg
nant
and
lact
atin
g w
omen
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.8
: Ru
n ad
voca
cy p
rogr
amm
es to
per
suad
e the
hou
seho
lds f
or m
aint
aini
ng fo
od re
serv
e to
over
com
e
poss
ible
seas
onal
shor
tage
s and
pro
vide
tech
nica
l sup
port
for e
stab
lishi
ng im
prov
ed st
orag
e fac
ilitie
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.9:
Esta
blish
and
oper
ate g
rain
ban
ks at
the c
omm
unity
leve
l to
mee
t sea
sona
l foo
d sh
orta
ges b
y
mob
ilizi
ng lo
cal o
rgan
izat
ions
and
the c
omm
unity
mem
bers
.A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.10:
M
ake p
regn
ant w
omen
awar
e of t
he ri
sk o
f con
sum
ing
alco
hol a
nd ci
gare
ttes
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
1:
Prov
ide s
ocia
l pro
tect
ion
to th
e ultr
a-po
or/v
ulne
rabl
e gro
ups w
ith fo
od as
sista
nce (
thro
ugh
the
ac
tiviti
es su
ch as
Foo
d St
amp
and
food
-for-
wor
k op
port
uniti
es, c
ash
tran
sfer e
tc.)
in th
e foo
d
defic
it ar
eas
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
2:
Prom
ote h
ealth
and
nutr
ition
serv
ices
in th
e com
mun
ity to
incr
ease
the u
se o
f ser
vice
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.2
.13:
Pr
omot
e foo
d an
d re
cipe
dem
onst
ratio
n at
the c
omm
unity
leve
l
Act
ivity
2.2
.3.1
: Co
nduc
t adv
ocac
y tar
getin
g po
licy m
aker
s, pr
ogra
m m
anag
ers a
nd d
istric
t per
sonn
el o
n nu
triti
on
se
nsiti
ve ag
ricul
ture
and
food
bas
ed n
utrit
ion
Act
ivity
2.2
.3.2
: D
evel
op ad
voca
cy p
acka
ge an
d po
licy b
riefs,
com
mun
icat
ion
mat
eria
ls fo
r diss
emin
atio
nA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.3
.3:
Prom
ote w
omen
dru
dger
y red
uctio
n an
d la
bour
savi
ng te
chno
logi
es fo
r foo
d an
d nu
triti
on se
curit
y
Act
ivity
2.2
.4.1
: D
evel
op a
nutr
ition
pro
toco
l for
nut
ritio
n as
sess
men
t and
man
agem
ent f
or th
e hea
lth se
rvic
e
prov
ider
sA
ctiv
ity 2
.2.4
.2:
Pilo
t IFA
supp
lem
enta
tion
appl
icab
le fo
r the
per
i-con
cept
ual p
erio
d an
d ad
oles
cent
per
iods
Act
ivity
2.2
.4.3
: Im
plem
ent I
FA su
pple
men
tatio
n co
mbi
ned
with
hom
este
ad fo
od p
rodu
ctio
n A
ctiv
ity 2
.2.4
.4:
Inte
grat
e nut
ritio
n co
unse
ling
at d
iffer
ent c
onta
ct p
oint
s und
er h
ealth
targ
etin
g th
e mat
erna
l and
child
hea
lth
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.1
: Re
view
, rev
ise an
d de
velo
p tr
aini
ng g
uide
lines
, man
uals
and
IEC
mat
eria
ls (w
ith fo
cus o
n fo
od
ba
sed
heal
thy d
iet t
o im
prov
e die
tary
div
ersit
y and
enha
ncin
g co
unse
lling
skill
s) b
y tar
getin
g
pr
egna
nt/la
ctat
ing
wom
en an
d ch
ildre
n of
age u
nder
2 ye
ars
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.2
: U
se IC
T to
del
iver
SBC
C m
essa
ges t
arge
ting
the fi
rst 1
000
days
hou
seho
lds
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.3
: D
evel
op re
cipe
boo
k fo
r com
plem
enta
ry fe
edin
g ba
sed
on th
e ava
ilabi
lity o
f loc
al fo
ods (
for e
ach
ec
olog
ical
regi
ons)
and
prom
ote t
heir
utili
zatio
n in
the c
omm
unity
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.4
: Pr
omot
e die
tary
div
ersit
y for
pre
gnan
t, la
ctat
ing
and
child
ren
unde
r 2 ye
ars o
f age
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.5
: Im
prov
e loc
al fe
edin
g pr
actic
es th
roug
h im
prov
emen
t in
loca
l rec
ipes
(usin
g TR
IPS
met
hodo
logy
)
Act
ivity
2.3
.1.1
: Ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
of h
ealth
and
non-
heal
th se
ctor
func
tiona
ries o
n fo
od b
ased
nut
ritio
n A
ctiv
ity 2
.3.1
.2:
In-c
ount
ry as
wel
l out
-cou
ntry
colla
bora
tion
and
expo
sure
to ag
ro-b
ased
pro
ject
s and
food
base
d nu
triti
on p
rogr
amm
esA
ctiv
ity 2
.3.1
.3:
Prom
ote f
orm
al an
d in
form
al ed
ucat
iona
l ser
vice
s (e.g
. SH
N, E
CD, p
aren
tal c
ouns
ellin
g et
c.)
to
kee
p th
e nut
ritio
nal b
ehav
iour
inta
ct
Out
put –
2.2
.2N
utrit
ion
educ
atio
n re
late
d in
form
atio
n di
ssem
inat
ed
appl
ying
food
bas
ed d
ieta
ry
guid
elin
es an
d he
alth
y die
t pr
actic
e with
the p
rom
otio
n of
hea
lth, a
gric
ultu
re an
d so
cial
pro
tect
ion
serv
ices
Out
put –
2.2
.3Fo
od b
ased
nut
ritio
n re
late
d ad
voca
cy an
d ca
paci
ty
build
ing
com
pete
nce o
f the
fro
ntlin
e wor
kers
, agr
icul
ture
ex
tens
ion
wor
kers
, soc
ial
wor
kers
and
heal
th
prof
essio
nals
enha
nced
at
all l
evel
s
Out
put –
2.2
.4N
utrit
ion
serv
ices
impr
oved
w
ith th
eir i
nteg
ratio
n of
the
heal
th se
rvic
es
Out
put –
2.2
.5M
ater
nal,
Infa
nt an
d Yo
ung
Child
Nut
ritio
n pr
actic
es
impr
oved
with
spec
ial f
ocus
on
impr
ovin
g th
e die
tary
di
vers
ity
Out
com
e –
2.3
Enab
ling
envi
ronm
ent
crea
ted
for m
ulti-
sect
or
coor
dina
tion
for c
oher
ent,
func
tiona
l and
conc
erte
d ac
tions
for n
utrit
ion
at
all l
evel
s
Out
put –
2.3
.1In
stitu
tiona
l as w
ell a
s hu
man
reso
urce
capa
city
of
the g
over
nmen
t sec
tor
func
tiona
ries i
mpr
oved
for
addr
essin
g th
e iss
ue o
f fo
od an
d nu
triti
on se
curit
y at
all l
evel
s
Out
com
e –
2.2
(Con
td. .
.2)
Enha
nced
acc
ess a
nd
utili
satio
n of
safe
, nu
triti
ous a
nd d
iver
se
food
acc
essi
ble
amon
g th
e po
or h
ouse
hold
s fo
llow
ed b
y im
prov
ed
heal
th a
nd n
utri
tion
serv
ices
Pilla
r – II
I: A
ll Fo
od S
yste
ms a
re S
usta
inab
le
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
: Pr
omot
e sus
tain
able
man
agem
ent o
f soi
l and
farm
wat
erA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.2
.2:
Cont
rol u
nsus
tain
able
use
of l
and
and
othe
r eco
syst
em re
sour
ces
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.3
: Pr
omot
e ado
ptio
n of
tech
nolo
gies
cont
ribut
ing
to su
stai
n ag
ricul
ture
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.4
: Pr
omot
e ado
ptio
n of
org
anic
farm
ing
prac
tices
to re
duce
dep
ende
ncy o
n ch
emic
al fe
rtili
zers
and
pest
icid
esA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.2
.5:
Rest
rict i
nves
tmen
ts th
at d
amag
e sus
tain
abili
ty o
f nat
ural
reso
urce
s.A
ctiv
ity 3
.1.2
.6:
Prom
otio
n of
bio
dive
rsity
cons
erva
tion
prac
tices
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.7
: Pr
omot
e con
serv
atio
n se
nsiti
ve ag
ricul
ture
A
ctiv
ity 3
.1.2
.8:
Prov
ide i
ncen
tive t
o th
e com
mun
ities
pro
mot
ing
sust
aina
ble u
se o
f res
ourc
es.
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.9
: M
aint
ain
land
, wat
er an
d en
ergy
nex
us in
tact
in th
e int
erve
ntio
ns fo
r dev
elop
men
tA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.2
.10:
A
pply
rene
wab
ility
as a
crite
rion
in th
e con
serv
atio
n an
d ut
iliza
tion
of la
nd, w
ater
and
bio-
di
vers
ity re
sour
ces
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
1:
Prom
ote s
lopi
ng ag
ricul
ture
land
tech
nolo
gy in
the m
id an
d hi
gh h
ills
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
2:
Stre
ngth
en G
ene B
ank
for p
rote
ctio
n of
nat
ive s
peci
esA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.2
.13:
A
pply
trad
ition
al k
now
ledg
e for
sust
aina
ble u
se o
f nat
ural
reso
urce
s.A
ctiv
ity 3
.1.2
.14:
Co
nduc
t agr
o-fo
rest
ry ac
tiviti
es in
colla
bora
tion
with
the F
ores
t and
Soi
l Con
serv
atio
n M
inist
ry
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.1
: Tr
ain
farm
ers t
o co
pe w
ith th
e adv
erse
effec
ts o
f clim
ate c
hang
e and
nat
ural
disa
ster
sA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.3
.2:
Stre
ngth
en th
e rol
e of N
atio
nal I
nfor
mat
ion
and
Early
War
ning
Sys
tem
(NIE
WS)
in in
form
ing
po
ssib
le ad
vers
e effe
cts o
f CCN
D.
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.3
: Co
nduc
t res
earc
h on
clim
ate r
esili
ent a
gric
ultu
re d
evel
opm
ent p
ract
ices
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.4
: Pr
omot
e str
ess t
oler
ant c
ropp
ing
patte
rns a
nd p
ract
ices
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.5
: Im
plem
ent b
io-e
ngin
eerin
g m
easu
res f
or re
duct
ion
of th
e adv
erse
effec
ts o
f nat
ural
disa
ster
sA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.3
.6:
Use
Loc
al A
dapt
atio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e of A
ctio
n (L
APA
) as a
dist
rict p
lan
coor
dina
tion
guid
eA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.3
.7:
Incl
ude D
isast
er R
isk M
anag
emen
t (D
RM) a
s one
of t
he co
mpo
nent
s in
the a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd ru
ral
de
velo
pmen
t pla
ns at
the d
istric
t lev
elA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.3
.8:
Repl
icat
e bes
t pra
ctic
es le
arne
d fro
m th
e pilo
ted
expe
rienc
e of r
isk-p
rone
area
sA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.3
.9:
Prev
ent s
easo
nal f
ood
supp
ly sh
orta
ges b
y dec
entr
aliz
ing
rese
rve a
t the
dist
rict
Act
ivity
3.1
.1.1
: A
sses
s the
nat
ure a
nd st
atus
of t
he w
ater
shed
at d
iffer
ent t
ime i
nter
vals
(eve
ry th
ree y
ears
)A
ctiv
ity 3
.1.1
.2:
Mak
e lan
d us
e and
wat
er m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es co
nser
vatio
n-se
nsiti
veA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.1
.3:
Iden
tify a
nd ap
ply m
easu
res a
gain
st d
eter
iora
ting
cond
ition
s of t
he w
ater
shed
sA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.1
.4:
Enfo
rce e
nviro
nmen
tal q
ualit
y sta
ndar
ds in
line
with
the F
ores
t Man
agem
ent G
uide
lines
A
ctiv
ity 3
.1.1
.5:
Enfo
rce t
he D
isast
er M
anag
emen
t Act
to co
ntro
l far
m-in
duce
d de
grad
atio
n of
land
and
wat
er
re
sour
ces
Act
ivity
3.1
.1.6
: In
crea
se co
mm
unity
par
ticip
atio
n in
man
agin
g de
grad
ed fa
rm an
d fo
rest
area
s
Out
put –
3.1
.2Fa
rm w
ater
and
soil
man
aged
by r
etai
ning
th
eir c
ontr
ibut
ions
to
prod
uctiv
e use
s
Out
put –
3.1
.1W
ater
shed
safe
guar
ded
agai
nst d
eter
iora
tion
Out
put –
3.1
.3Fa
rmer
s’ ca
paci
ty
stre
ngth
ened
to co
pe w
ith
the a
dver
se eff
ects
of
clim
ate c
hang
e and
na
tura
l disa
ster
s
Out
com
e –
3.1
Sust
aina
bly m
anag
ed
prod
uctiv
e nat
ural
re
sour
ces f
or fo
od
prod
uctio
n
22 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.1
: Se
t man
dato
ry q
ualit
y and
safe
ty re
quire
men
ts fo
r the
maj
or co
nsum
able
food
item
sA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.1
.2:
Diss
emin
ate i
nfor
mat
ion
amon
g th
e sta
keho
lder
s abo
ut th
e man
dato
ry fo
od q
ualit
y and
safe
ty
re
quire
men
ts to
be m
etA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.1
.3:
Stre
ngth
en re
gula
tory
mec
hani
sms f
or th
e mon
itorin
g of
qua
lity a
nd sa
fety
of f
ood
prod
ucts
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.4
: St
reng
then
the c
apac
ity o
f nat
iona
l foo
d la
bora
tory
to o
fferin
g fo
od fo
r saf
ety a
nd q
ualit
y tes
t s
ervi
ces f
or ac
cred
itatio
nA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.1
.5:
Enac
t and
impl
emen
t Nat
iona
l Bio
secu
rity P
olic
yA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.1
.6:
Esta
blish
com
mun
ity-b
ased
food
han
dlin
g sy
stem
sA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.1
.7:
Prom
ote c
ontr
ibut
ion
of lo
cal/t
radi
tiona
l foo
d in
the f
ood
men
u w
ith su
ppor
t for
a su
bsid
ized
selli
ng ra
teA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.1
.8:
Impl
emen
t Pes
t Risk
Ana
lysis
Sys
tem
(PRA
) in
the q
uara
ntin
e
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.1
: S
tand
ardi
ze g
radi
ng o
f agr
icul
tura
l pro
duct
s for
mar
ketin
gA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.2
.2:
Prom
ote a
cces
s to
mar
ket f
or al
l agr
ibus
ines
s val
ue ch
ains
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.3
: Co
ntro
l mar
ket p
rice d
istor
tions
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.4
: Pr
omot
e exc
hang
e of m
arke
t pric
e inf
orm
atio
nA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.2
.5:
Stre
ngth
en in
form
atio
n co
llect
ion,
anal
ysis
and
repo
rtin
g ca
paci
ty fo
r effe
ctiv
e diss
emin
atio
n of
agric
ultu
ral p
rice s
tatis
tics
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.6
: Co
ntro
l una
utho
rized
colle
ctio
n of
taxe
s dur
ing
tran
sfer o
f the
agric
ultu
ral p
rodu
cts a
cros
s the
villa
ges a
nd d
istric
tsA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.2
.7:
Mon
itor d
rug
resid
ues i
n th
e agr
icul
tura
l com
mod
ities
(e.g
. milk
, mea
t, ho
ney,
tea a
nd co
ffee)
t
o be
mar
kete
dA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.2
.8:
Enco
urag
e ado
ptio
n of
pow
er-b
ased
tech
nolo
gies
in th
e pro
cess
ing
of ag
ricul
tura
l pro
duct
sA
ctiv
ity 3
.2.2
.9
Prom
ote t
he u
se o
f alte
rnat
e sou
rces
of e
nerg
y in
the v
alue
chai
n op
erat
ions
Act
ivity
3.1
.4.1
: Tr
ain
serv
ice p
rovi
ders
on
land
surv
ey an
d la
nd u
se m
appi
ngA
ctiv
ity 3
.1.4
.2:
Util
ize l
and
unde
r the
agro
-eco
logi
cal z
onin
g cr
iteria
Act
ivity
3.1
.4.3
: U
tiliz
e Lan
d In
form
atio
n Se
rvic
e (LI
S) fa
cilit
y for
dev
elop
ing
the l
and
use p
lans
and
mon
itorin
g
impl
emen
ted
activ
ities
A
ctiv
ity 3
.1.4
.4:
Disc
oura
ge co
nver
sion
of ag
ricul
tura
l lan
d fo
r the
pur
pose
of n
on-a
gric
ultu
ral u
se
Out
put –
3.2
.1Fo
od h
andl
ing
syst
em
foun
ded
with
nat
iona
l qu
ality
and
safe
ty st
anda
rds
Out
put –
3.1
.4La
nd re
form
pra
ctic
es
appl
ied
/ im
prov
ed
Out
com
e –
3.1
(Con
td..
2)Su
stai
nabl
y man
aged
pr
oduc
tive n
atur
al
reso
urce
s for
food
pr
oduc
tion
Out
com
e –
3.2
Qua
lity a
nd sa
fety
st
anda
rds m
aint
aine
d in
the f
ood
chai
ns
Out
put –
3.2
.2A
cces
s to
food
chai
n m
arke
ts im
prov
ed
23Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
r – IV
: 100
% In
crea
se in
Sm
allh
olde
r Pro
duct
ivity
and
Inco
me
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.1
: Co
nduc
t bas
elin
e sur
vey o
f sm
allh
olde
rs o
n th
eir p
rodu
ctiv
ity an
d in
com
e.A
ctiv
ity 4
.1.1
.2
Intr
oduc
e vou
cher
syst
em to
incr
ease
acce
ss o
f sm
allh
olde
rs o
n in
puts
and
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.3
: A
pply
conc
essio
nal t
axes
and
dutie
s on
the a
gric
ultu
re m
achi
nerie
s and
tool
s.A
ctiv
ity 4
.1.1
.4:
Esta
blish
new
colle
ctio
n an
d m
arke
t cen
tres
A
ctiv
ity 4
.1.1
.5:
Enga
ge sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s to
incr
ease
thei
r eco
nom
ies o
f sca
le w
ith co
llect
ive p
rodu
ctio
n pr
actic
esA
ctiv
ity 4
.1.1
.6:
App
ly sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s foc
used
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
esA
ctiv
ity 4
.1.1
.7:
Stre
ngth
en fa
rm m
anag
emen
t cap
acity
the s
mal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.8
: Pr
ovid
e inp
ut su
bsid
y by e
xclu
sivel
y tar
getin
g sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s A
ctiv
ity 4
.1.1
.9:
Prom
ote c
ontr
act f
arm
ing
prac
tices
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.1
0:
Diss
emin
ate a
gric
ultu
re in
nova
tions
thro
ugh
the m
edia
pla
tform
s (ra
dio,
new
spap
ers,
TV et
c.).
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.1
: Ba
selin
e sur
vey o
f sm
allh
olde
rs o
n th
eir l
ives
tock
pro
duct
ivity
and
inco
me i
n al
l dist
ricts
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.2
: Es
tabl
ish re
sour
ce ce
ntre
for b
reed
impr
ovem
ent
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.3
: In
crea
se ra
ising
of s
mal
l liv
esto
ck (g
oat,
pigs
and
poul
try)
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.4
: In
crea
se ra
ising
of l
arge
anim
als (
such
as co
w, b
uffal
o) as
priv
ate fi
rmA
ctiv
ity 4
.1.2
.5:
Prom
ote s
cien
tific m
anag
emen
t and
use
of p
ublic
pas
ture
land
sA
ctiv
ity 4
.1.2
.6:
Prov
ide a
cces
s to
anim
al h
ealth
serv
ices
(bot
h pr
even
tive a
nd cu
rativ
e)A
ctiv
ity 4
.1.2
.7:
Subs
idiz
e rur
al p
arav
et se
rvic
es
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.1
: Su
ppor
t for
smal
lhol
der f
arm
s with
inst
itutio
nal c
redi
t ser
vice
sA
ctiv
ity 4
.2.1
.2:
Mak
e prio
rity s
ecto
r len
ding
man
dato
ry to
reac
h th
e sm
allh
olde
r far
ms
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.3
: Re
duce
inte
rest
rate
of a
gric
ultu
ral l
oans
targ
eted
to th
e sm
allh
olde
rsA
ctiv
ity 4
.2.1
.4:
Incr
ease
acce
ss o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s to
the c
once
ssio
nal l
oans
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.5
: Si
mpl
ify le
ndin
g pr
oced
ures
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.6
: Pr
ovid
e inc
entiv
e to
the f
arm
ers f
or in
vest
ing
and
re-in
vest
ing
deci
sions
for t
he in
tens
ifica
tion
of
agric
ultu
ral a
ctiv
ities
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.7
: Pr
omot
e gro
up sa
ving
s and
cred
it se
rvic
esA
ctiv
ity 4
.2.1
.8:
Mob
ilize
coop
erat
ives
to su
ppor
t agr
icul
tura
l val
ue ch
ains
Act
ivity
4.2
.2.1
: In
crea
se th
e num
ber o
f far
mer
s obt
aini
ng in
sura
nce f
or th
e sec
urity
of t
heir
crop
s and
live
stoc
k
prod
uctio
n an
d en
terp
rise i
n ca
se o
f fai
lure
Act
ivity
4.2
.2.2
: Ta
ilor fi
nanc
ial p
rodu
cts t
o th
e nee
d of
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
Act
ivity
4.2
.2.3
: Pr
omot
e str
ess t
oler
ant c
rop
varie
ties a
nd b
reed
to m
itiga
te th
e adv
erse
effec
t of c
limat
e
chan
ge to
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
Out
put –
4.1
.1In
com
e of s
mal
lhol
der
farm
ers i
ncre
ased
from
the
adop
tion
of ag
ribus
ines
s cr
op p
rodu
ctio
n pr
actic
es
Out
put –
4.1
.2In
com
e of l
ives
tock
raisi
ng
farm
ers i
ncre
ased
with
im
prov
ed ag
ribus
ines
s pr
actic
es
Out
put –
4.2
.1A
cces
s of s
mal
l far
ms t
o th
e ins
titut
iona
l fina
nce
serv
ices
incr
ease
d
Out
put –
4.2
.2Sm
all f
arm
s pro
tect
ed
agai
nst t
heir
inve
stm
ent
risks
on
agric
ultu
ral
prod
uctio
n, p
roce
ssin
g an
d m
arke
ting
Out
com
e –
4.2
Agr
icul
tura
l inv
estm
ent
incr
ease
d in
the s
mal
l fa
rms
Out
com
e –
4.1
Prod
uctiv
ity o
f cro
p an
d liv
esto
ck in
crea
sed
to
doub
le th
e inc
ome o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
ms
24 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.1
: M
ake a
gric
ultu
ral s
mal
lhol
der a
gric
ultu
re in
com
e luc
rativ
eA
ctiv
ity 4
.3.1
.2:
Enco
urag
e sm
all s
cale
agro
-pro
cess
or to
enha
nce e
ffici
ency
of t
heir
prod
uctio
n pr
oces
s with
the
ap
plic
atio
n of
alte
rnat
e ene
rgy s
ourc
esA
ctiv
ity 4
.3.1
.3:
Agr
icul
tura
l wor
kers
hav
ing
oppo
rtun
ities
for y
ear-
roun
d w
ork
in th
e far
m, o
ff-fa
rm an
d
non-
farm
sect
ors
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.4
: En
gage
wom
en in
the i
ncom
e gen
erat
ing
activ
ities
(IG
As)
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.5
: En
hanc
e bus
ines
s pla
nnin
g an
d m
anag
emen
t cap
acity
of t
he sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
sA
ctiv
ity 4
.3.1
.6:
Prot
ect s
elf-e
mpl
oyed
entr
epre
neur
s by t
axin
g im
port
of t
he p
rodu
cts t
hat c
ompe
te w
ith
lo
cal p
rodu
ctio
nA
ctiv
ity 4
.3.1
.7:
Enga
ge sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
gro
ups i
n pr
oduc
ing
NTF
Ps an
d M
APs
on
the l
ease
hold
and
co
mm
unity
fore
st ar
eas
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.8
: Bu
ild ca
paci
ty o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s for
ope
ratin
g ag
ro-to
urism
bus
ines
s as a
n al
tern
ate
so
urce
of i
ncom
eA
ctiv
ity 4
.3.1
.9:
Prom
ote p
rodu
ctio
n an
d tr
ade o
f hig
h va
lue a
gric
ultu
ral p
rodu
cts
Act
ivity
4.3
.2.1
: M
ake t
he la
nd la
w sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s sen
sitiv
eA
ctiv
ity 4
.3.2
.2:
Leas
e for
est a
reas
to th
e sm
allh
olde
r gro
ups f
or th
eir e
ngag
emen
t in
the l
arge
r siz
ed
pr
oduc
tive a
ctiv
ities
Act
ivity
4.3
.2.3
: A
pply
land
util
izat
ion
prov
ision
for t
he tr
ansfe
r of f
allo
w la
nd to
the c
ultiv
ator
s on
a con
trac
tual
bas
isA
ctiv
ity 4
.3.2
.4:
Util
ize w
aste
land
for p
rodu
ctiv
e pur
pose
Act
ivity
4.3
.2.5
: Es
tabl
ish d
atab
ase w
ith d
isagg
rega
ted
figur
es o
n th
e con
trib
utio
n of
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers i
n
prod
uctio
n an
d th
eir i
ncom
e lev
els
Out
put –
4.3
.1U
nem
ploy
ed sm
all f
arm
yo
uths
earn
ing
inco
me
with
acce
ss to
new
em
ploy
men
t opp
ortu
nity
in
the f
arm
, off-
farm
and
non-
farm
sect
ors
Out
put –
4.3
.2In
crea
sed
acce
ss o
f sm
all
farm
s to
land
and
othe
r pr
oduc
tive n
atur
al
reso
urce
s
Out
com
e –
4.3
Inco
me o
f sm
all f
arm
s do
uble
d w
ith ac
cess
to
dive
rsifi
ed em
ploy
men
t op
port
uniti
es
Pilla
r – V
: Zer
o Fo
od L
oss a
nd W
aste
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.1
: Co
nduc
t a st
udy t
o id
entif
y maj
or fo
od lo
ss p
oint
s, ca
uses
and
the m
agni
tude
of l
oss a
t diff
eren
t
leve
ls of
food
supp
ly an
d ut
iliza
tion
chai
nsA
ctiv
ity 5
.1.1
.2:
Esta
blish
dat
abas
e and
mon
itor a
nnua
l los
s to
deve
lop
and
impl
emen
t los
s con
trol
pla
nsA
ctiv
ity 5
.1.1
.3:
Crea
te aw
aren
ess a
mon
g al
l sta
keho
lder
s abo
ut th
e way
s of r
educ
ing
food
loss
/was
tage
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.4
: Tr
ain
farm
ers t
o re
duce
pos
t-har
vest
loss
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.5
: Tr
ain
prod
ucer
s, st
orek
eepe
rs, t
rans
port
ers a
nd tr
ader
s for
zero
-loss
food
han
dlin
g m
etho
ds in
stor
ing
the f
ood
crop
s and
live
stoc
k pr
oduc
tsA
ctiv
ity 5
.1.1
.6:
Dev
elop
gui
delin
e on
food
was
te p
reve
ntio
n te
chni
ques
for d
iffer
ent l
evel
s of t
he va
lue c
hain
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.7
A
dopt
NeK
SAP
as a
food
secu
rity m
onito
ring
tool
at th
e nat
iona
l lev
elA
ctiv
ity 5
.1.1
.8:
Diss
emin
ate t
he g
uide
lines
wid
ely t
hrou
gh d
iffer
ent m
edia
A
ctiv
ity 5
.1.1
.9:
Trai
n co
nsum
ers o
n th
e tec
hniq
ues o
f foo
d pr
eser
vatio
n, p
roce
ssin
g, an
d m
inim
izat
ion
of lo
ss
du
ring
the c
onsu
mpt
ion
proc
ess (
e.g. d
ue to
thro
win
g of
lefto
ver f
ood)
A
ctiv
ity 5
.1.1
.10:
D
iscou
rage
the u
se o
f foo
d gr
ains
in p
rodu
cing
alco
hol a
t hou
seho
ld le
vel
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.1
1:
Enco
urag
e alte
rnat
ive u
se o
f foo
d w
aste
(e.g
. ani
mal
feed
/fuel
etc.)
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.1
: D
istrib
ute s
afer
gra
in st
orag
e mat
eria
ls (b
ins/
herm
etic
stor
age b
ags)
to th
e pro
duce
rs an
d fo
od
gr
ain
colle
ctor
s (pe
tty co
llect
ors/
brok
ers)
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.2
: Pr
omot
e pac
king
hou
ses w
ith cl
ean
wat
er an
d el
ectr
icity
supp
ly
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.3
: Es
tabl
ish w
ashi
ng p
lant
faci
lity f
or th
e HVC
s in
each
pro
vinc
eA
ctiv
ity 5
.1.2
.4:
Supp
ort f
arm
ers/
trad
ers t
o es
tabl
ish ze
ro en
ergy
/col
d st
orag
e fac
ilitie
sA
ctiv
ity 5
.1.2
.5:
Org
aniz
e cam
paig
n fo
r foo
d lo
ss re
duct
ion
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.6
: O
rgan
ize e
xhib
ition
on
the f
ood
loss
pre
vent
ion
tech
niqu
es
Out
put –
5.1
.1Kn
owle
dge a
nd sk
ills o
f th
e foo
d ch
ain
acto
rs
impr
oved
in co
ntro
lling
lo
ss an
d w
aste
of f
ood
Out
put –
5.1
.2A
cces
s to
cont
rol
infra
stru
ctur
es p
reve
ntin
g lo
ss an
d w
aste
in th
e fo
od ch
ain
impr
oved
Out
com
e –
5.1
Food
avai
labi
lity f
or
utili
zatio
n in
crea
sed
with
the c
ontr
ol o
f los
s an
d w
aste
in th
e foo
d ch
ain
25Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
(See Annex –II for related indicators and targets).
Through the implementation of above mentioned Pillar specific activities, the NAP intends to accomplish its envisaged outputs and outcomes. It will be aligned to ADS and expect to complement its targets as follows:
Table 1: Major Indicators and Targets
S.N. Indicator BaselineTargets
2020 20251 Population with food inadequacy 31%1 15.5% 02 Proportion of under nourished in population (%) 6.82 3.4 03 Calorie intake among the undernourished population 1,700 kcal3 1,960 kcal 2,220 kcal
4 Sticking capacity of households to meet seasonal shortage of food 362 Kg4 644 kg 925 kg.
5 % of farm land solely or jointly owned by women 10%5 15% 30%6 % of farmers reached by agricultural programme 12%6 17% 22%7 Average annual growth of GDP 3%7 4% 5%8 Agricultural land productivity (ADGP/ ha) $ 1,8048 $2,302 $ 29389 AGDP/Agricultural Labour $ 7949 $ 979 $ 1,206
1 and 2 The State of Food Security in the World, FAO, 2014; 3 and 4 Ministry of Agricultural Development, 2016; 5, 6, 7 and 8 Agriculture Development Strategy, 2015.
5.0 Resource Requirements for NAPEstimated resource requirement for NAP is NRs. 242.5 billion (equivalent to US$ 2.3 billion) for ten years.13
Table 2: Estimated Resource Requirements for NAP (2016 – 2025) (NRs. ‘million)
Year Pillar I Pillar II Pillar III Pillar IV Pillar V Total2016 11,151.2 4,637.8 402.1 5,264.2 2,377.5 23,832.82017 11,560.7 4,812.4 417.6 5,419.7 2,377.9 24,588.42018 12,194.7 4,997.9 428.7 4,709.5 10.2 22,341.02019 11,452.0 4,970.6 445.7 4,400.7 10.7 21,279.72020 11,899.0 5,167.1 463.7 4,574.9 10.7 22,115.32021 12,500.2 5,423.5 486.9 4,806.2 11.6 23,228.32022 13,125.8 5,696.3 511.7 5,045.3 12.1 24,391.72023 13,777.5 5,980.1 536.9 5,297.4 12.6 25,604.82024 14,468.3 6,280.1 564.1 5,561.6 13.1 26,887.12025 15,196.9 6,596.6 592.2 5,841.0 14.1 28,240.6Total 127,312.5 54,562.5 4,850.0 50,925.0 4,850.0 242,500.0
13 Converted at the rate of US $ 1 = NRs. 108.
26 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Estimated cost distributed over the years ranges from 8.9 percent to 11.9 percent.
(See Annex – III for output specific estimation of cost)
6.0 Funding StrategyThe budgetary requirement is expected to be met by seeking collaboration and commitments from the strategic development partners working for the reduction of poverty and the food and nutrition security. Additional resources will be mobilized from these development partners (including the government, international development organizations and the private sector). They will be identified on the basis of their currently ongoing support trends and future priorities.
In order to avoid foreseeable pressure on the accumulation of total resources within a short period, the NAP suggests implementation of proposed activities by setting the priorities phase wise. The short-term activities should be implemented to prepare foundation for the medium-term, which should further lead to the implementation of long-term activities to accomplish the ultimate goal of eradicating hunger by 2025.
The NAP suggests establishment of a national fund to fill the basket of proposed resource requirements. For this purpose, the NAP will apply collective fundraising campaigns among the likeminded agencies committed to work for poverty reduction, eradication of hunger and maintaining nutritional status of people. The government, on its part, will make an effort to increase its allocations for food and nutrition security, while the international development partners will be requested to mobilize increased support as far as possible as well. The NAP also emphasizes that its effort should not only concentrate on collecting more resources but also making the use of available resources efficient as well as effective.
The NAP believes on the fact that the fundraising efforts can be effective only when the multi-sector activities to be implemented are properly identified and planned with a coordinated spirit. This is important as the issue of eradicating hunger and malnutrition involve the problems to be solved beyond the capacity of a single sector. Viewing this, attempts will be made to mobilize all development partners (national and international) to reinforce their priorities towards a drive for achieving eradication of hunger and malnutrition with adequate food and nutrition security sustainably. To make this happen, the development partners will be requested to work closely in setting their intervention priorities by drawing detailed work plans with synergy for the short, medium and long term as relevant.
Figure 6: Proportion of the estimated cost required for each year
27Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
The collective launching of ZHC initiative at the global level in 2012, at the regional level in 2013 and the national level on 19 December 2014 has formed a basis to seek commitment of key stakeholders at different levels. It can be considered a positive sign for engaging various stakeholders at different levels by holding a common agenda of overcoming ZHC. It can be taken as a foundation for successfully raising the required level of resources to make the country free from poverty, hunger and malnutrition.
7.0 Implementation ArrangementsReducing poverty and hunger has remained priority in Nepal for the past many years. The MDG-1 was successful in reducing the level of poverty down to 23.8 percent. The agenda of poverty reduction is further carried forward by the Goal No. 2 of SDG, which underlines ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture. The NAP has an advantage of this priority as it contributes to build synergy in the implementation process. Equally important for NAP are the priorities set by the ADS and the MSNP (see Annex – IV for further details). Besides these positive moves, the MoAD has recently issued 27-Point agenda to make the country self-reliant on food production within the next few years. This is another advantage creating greater scope for successful implementation of NAP.
The efforts being made by Nepal to upgrade its “current status of “least developed nation” to a “developing nation” by 2022has the potential to offer favourable environment for the implementation of NAP. As the NAP has been formulated with a shared vision among the national and international development partners, it retains the hope for synergetic collaborations.
The NAP highlights coordinated efforts among the key stakeholders representing government institutions, private sector, Non-governmental Organization (NGO), Krishak Sanjal, Peasants’ Organization (PO), Cooperatives and the international development partners for successful accomplishment of its envisaged activities, outputs and outcomes proposed under each of the five Pillars. It plans sensitizing them in the ZHC spirit through interactive meetings and workshops to make their planned activities complementary by sharing the annual plans related to the eradication of hunger. Efforts will also be made to create technical and budgetary synergies wherever possible.
The implementation process will follow launching of prioritized activities at the short-term (2016-2017), medium-term (2018-2020) and the long term (2021-2025) levels. This kind of phased approach is expected to soften the burden of arranging all logistics and resources at a time.
The ZHC Secretariat established at MoAD under the supervision of HLC. The Secretariat will be made responsible for ensuring implementation of cross-sectoral tasks as planned under the NAP. It will maintain database and submit periodic progress reports to the HLC indicating changes occurred in the accomplishment of hunger and nutrition status. The Secretariat will establish Focal Group for each Pillar. The Secretariat will work in close collaboration with the HLC on Food Security and Nutrition established at the National Planning Commission.
The Agriculture Coordination Committee remained at each District Development Committee (DDC) under the Local Self Governance Act will implement the district level activities. At the Village Development Committee (VDC) level, the role of Citizen’s Forum will be mobilized.
8.0 Monitoring and Evaluation FrameworkThe NAP aims to eradicate hunger by 2025 with comprehensive efforts for ensuring every person’s right to adequate food. It plans women empowerment and family farming practices for a sustainable food system. Priority has been assigned for increased investment in agriculture. Enhancing employment opportunities,
28 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
poverty reduction, and social protection for the vulnerable groups are set as other targets to be met. These efforts have anticipated adequate food and nutrition for all – especially women from the beginning of their pregnancy till the lactating period. In order to assess how far these implemented activities have progressed, related indicators are built in the NAP matrix for each Pillar.
Under the Pillar – 1 (100% access to adequate food all year round), the targets covered are enabling people for accessing food they need through nutrition-sensitive farming, food systems development, access to market and access to productive employment opportunities, and increased affordability. This Pillar has also created scope for social protection floor by targeting food assistance and safety nets for the vulnerable groups. Boosting food supply by mobilizing the local producers and development of open, fair and well-functioning markets are also targeted. Preventing food price volatilities has remained one of its objectives. This Pillar covers monitoring indicators related to these aspects.
The Pillar – 2 (Zero stunted children less than 2 years of age) of NAP has targeted ensuring universal access to nutritious food in the 1000-day window of opportunity between the start of pregnancy and a child’s second birthday. Activities planned covered nutrition-sensitive access to food, health care, water, sanitation, and nutrition education coupled with initiatives that enable empowerment of women. Indicators against these aspects are selected as key aspects of monitoring the progress under this Pillar.
Under the Pillar – 3 (All food systems are sustainable), promoting sustainable food supply, developing agribusinesses activities, promoting climate-resilient farming practices, and maintaining cross-sectoral policy coherence (e.g. among energy, land use, water and climate change adaptations) are targeted. The monitoring indicators cover measurement of these aspects making the stakeholders accountable towards these.
The Pillar – 4 (100% increase in smallholder productivity and income) has targeted improved productivity of smallholder farms. Crop diversification and livestock raising are prioritized as a means for enhancing income and reducing poverty. Targets are set for improved to access to quality inputs and productive resources (including land, water, financial services). Increased investment in the value chain activities has been considered one of the ways of promoting subsistence agriculture into the agribusiness activities. Empowering women and promoting engagement of youths in agriculture has been prioritized. The monitoring indicators capture all these aspects for the measurement of periodic progress.
Under the Pillar – 5 (Zero loss or waste of food), the food loss occurred during storage, transport and marketing is targeted to minimize. It covers waste occurred at the producers, retailers and consumers levels. It targets creating awareness and strengthening capacity of the related food chain actors against these losses. The NAP has planned to train key actors for the adoption of improved technologies, collective pledging system, improved processing, and the techniques of preservation of consumable food.
Periodic progress will be monitored against the indicators set. Progress will be assessed looking into the move towards the potential of meeting the overall goal of zero hunger by 2025. Necessary baseline and benchmark figures will be established for comparison of periodic progress. Rooms will be left for inserting new indicators of progress, if the currently applied indicator is found inadequate to ascertain any dimension of progress. Depending upon the need, even room will be kept open for a new survey to fill the information gap.
Multi-stakeholders meetings will be organized twice a year to discuss progress, emerging issues and opportunities associated with successful implementation of NAP. It will cover potentials for sustainable food production, adequacy of institutional services provided, extent of food access improved, changes occurred in food and nutrition security status of people, and the likelihood of achieving the goal of eradicating hunger and malnutrition by 2025. Discussions will also be held on whether the currently planned activities are adequate to meet the targets under each Pillar. It will also look into whether the currently set indicators are adequate to capture reporting of envisaged progress and issues related to each Pillar.
29Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Policy dialogues will be held every year among the stakeholders representing government agencies, international development partners, producers, suppliers, consumers, cooperatives and the farmers associations. Feedbacks will be obtained on how best the targets of eradicating hunger and malnutrition can be accomplished and what policy protection measures should be adjusted.
9.0 ConclusionThe NAP emphasizes shared vision of all related stakeholders for collective actions to end hunger by 2025. It underlines the importance of participatory knowledge management process ensuring that all stakeholders will have adequate access to updated information on the poverty, hunger and nutritional status and their expected role in accomplishing the challenge of bringing the proportion of hunger to zero. In this context, the NAP will be treated as a live document focusing on the emerging needs and priorities that can lead towards the ultimate goal eradicating hunger.
The progress accomplished by NAP will be monitored regularly to follow an incremental approach in the intervention process. To make this happen, it will apply an implementation cycle of: (a) annual planning, (b) implementation of the planned activities, (c) review of the achievements made, and (d) again planning for further improvements. These steps will be followed building synergy among the key roles of various stakeholders including the government, private sector, Krishak Sanjal, PO, Cooperatives and the international development partners.
30 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Annexes
Annex – IDevelopment Partners Supported Projects/Programs Related to Hunger Reduction and Improved Nutrition
(NRs in ‘000)
S. N. Projects / Programs2015/16
(2072/73) Budget
GoN Grant Loan Development Partners
A. Ministry of Agricultural Development1 Special Programme for Agricultural
Production 6,109,766 6,109,766
2 Agriculture Information and Communication Center 56,991 56,991
3 Kisan ka lagi Unnat Biubijan Karyakram (KUBK) 842,114 78,999 430,007 333,108 IFAD
4 Cooperative Farming, Small Irrigation, Fertilizer and Seeds Transportation Programme
653,116 556,066 97,050
5 Food Crisis Response Programme 207,496 924 206,572 WB6 Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation
Project (system modernization, agriculture Programme)
114,880 4,762 98,373 11,745 WB
7 Cotton Development Committee 25,622 25,622 8 Agriculture Development Project
(Janakpur) 106,962 106,962
9 Horticulture Development Programme 382,713 382,713
10 Potato, Vegetable and Spices Development Programme 410,450 410,450
11Nepal Trade Integration Strategy 2010 39,387 39,387
12 Agricultural Extension Programme 2,503,015 2,503,015 13 Home Garden Programme 78,727 78,727 SDC14 Pilot Programme for Climate
Resilience (PPCR) : Building Resilience to Climate Related Hazards (agriculture management information system)
212,154 22,641 189,513 WB
15 Agriculture Extension and Training Center 151,140 151,140
16 Agriculture and Food Security Project 1,481,363 211,417 1,269,946 WB
17 Agriculture Research Programme 2,087,397 2,087,397 18 Fishery Development Programme 565,213 565,213 19 Agro Business Promotion and
Market Development Programme 189,509 189,509
31Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
S. N. Projects / Programs2015/16
(2072/73) Budget
GoN Grant Loan Development Partners
20 Project for Commercial Agriculture and Trade 1,854,590 69,149 46,599 1,738,842 WB
21 Integrated Water Resource Management Project 214,905 5,490 180,825 28,590 WB
22 Community Managed Irrigated Agriculture Sector Programme (Agriculture)
57,822 6,471 51,351
23 Agriculture Research and Development Fund 70,915 70,915
24 Tea, Coffee and Cardamom Development Board 113,822 113,822
25 Soil Test and Improvement Service Programme 96,008 96,008
26 Karnali Zone Agriculture Development Project 56,000 56,000
27 Sugar and Sugarcane Development Committee 8,260 8,260
28 Food Nutrition and Technology Programme 213,973 213,973
29 Crop Development Programme 319,270 319,27030 Seed promotion and quality control
Programme 29,032 29,032
31 Agricultural Perspective Plan Monitoring and Coordination Programme
545,466 545,466
32 Crop Protection Programme 213,633 194,115 19,518 33 Raising Income of Small and
Medium Farmers Project 551,159 120,553 430,606 ADB
34 High Value Agriculture Project in Hill and Mountain Areas (HVAP) 377,905 23,296 177,233 177,376 IFAD
35 Sericulture Development Programme 92,194 92,194 36 Industrial Entomology 117,632 117,632 37 High Mountain Agri-business and
Livelihoods Improvement (HIMALI) Project
751,933 121,525 630,408 ADB
MoAD Administrative CostAgriculture Development Ministry 213,823 213,823 Department of Agriculture 212,744 212,744 Regional Agriculture Directorates 87,090 87,090 Department of Livestock Services 165,493 165,493 Regional Livestock Directorates 60,297 60,297
B. Ministry of Livestock Development1 Livestock Service Extension
Programme 2,118,267 2,118,267
2 Avian Influenza Control Project 41,760 41,760 3 Nepal Veterinary Council 3,584 3,584 4 Livestock Health Services
Programme 391,407 391,407
32 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
S. N. Projects / Programs2015/16
(2072/73) Budget
GoN Grant Loan Development Partners
5 Livestock Market Promotion Programme 225,639 225,639
6 National Dairy Development Board (Special Milk Production Programme)
94,693 94,693
7 Livestock Development Farms 223,134 223,1348 Livestock Development Service
Programme (Cow, Buffalo, Goat and other)
871,024 871,024
9 Livestock Service Training Center 71,091 71,091 C. Ministry of Irrigation
1Community Managed Irrigated Agriculture Area Project 1,031,622 228,836 0 802,786 ADB, OFID
2
Rehabilitation and Management Transfer of Government Irrigation Project
521,105 521,105
3Irrigation Project based on New Technology 301,814 301,814
4 Irrigation Rehabilitation Project 203,431 43,431 0 160,000 Kuwait Fund5 Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation
Project (including system modernization) (MoI)
1,313,018 735,801 50,517 526,700 WB
6 Surkhet Valley Irrigation Project 10,000 10,000
7Irrigation Feasibility Study and Construction Quality Programme 76,199 76,199
8 Bagmati Irrigation Project 570,463 305,283 0 265,180 Saudi Fund9 Babai Irrigation Project 755,876 755,876
10Mahakali Irrigation Project (Kanchanpur) 356,328 356,328
11 Sunsari Morang Irrigation Project 449,550 449,550 12 Praganna and Badkapath Irrigation
Project 219,993 219,993
13 Sikta Irrigation Project 1,698,500 1,427,500 0 271,000 Saudi Fund14 Medium Irrigation Project 3,047,512 3,047,512
15Karnali Zone Irrigation Development Programme 80,000 80,000
16Seti Makakali Irrigation Development Programme 180,000 180,000
17Irrigation Institutional Development Programme 91,657 91,657
18Irrigation and Water Resource Management project 1,461,361 220,411 400,544 840,406 WB
19Underground Shallow and Deep Tubewell Irrigation Project 674,182 674,182 India
20Deep and Shallow Tubewell Irrigation Project 118,390 12,191 106,199
33Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
S. N. Projects / Programs2015/16
(2072/73) Budget
GoN Grant Loan Development Partners
D. Ministry of Health and Population1 Integrated Child Health and
Nutrition Programme
4,025,605 702,104 3,323,501
GAVI, UDAID, UNICEF,
WHO, SC, SAARC Fund,
WFP, Plan Int’l, Care
Nepal, One Heart Born
Wide E. Ministry of Education1 Food for Education Programme 496,139 119,104 377,035 WFP F. Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development1. Golden 1000 - Day Programme 3,088,587 0 1,733,644 1,354,943 WB, UNICEF2 Multi-sectoral Nutrition Programme 100,000 100,000
3Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agriculture Road 93,708 93,708
Total 47,647,620 31,238,776 9,640,245 6,768,599
Source: Red Book FY 2015/16 (2072/73), Ministry of Finance.
34 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Anne
x - II
Zero
Hun
ger C
halle
nge
Initia
tive
Natio
nal A
ction
Plan
(201
6 –
2025
)
Det
ails
on
the
Prop
osed
Out
com
es, O
utpu
ts, A
ctiv
itie
s, In
dica
tors
and
Tar
gets
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
PILL
AR
– I
100
% E
QU
ITA
BLE
AC
CES
S TO
AD
EQU
ATE,
NU
TRI
TIO
US
AN
D A
FFO
RDA
BLE
FOO
D A
LL Y
EAR
ROU
ND
Out
com
e - 1
.1N
epal
’s C
onst
itutio
nal R
ight
s to
Food
Sov
erei
gnty
m
ater
ializ
ed w
ith in
crea
sed
acce
ss o
f all
peop
le to
fo
od
100%
pop
ulat
ion
able
to
acce
ss fo
od w
ith o
ptio
ns
for t
heir
choi
ce65
%10
0%20
25FA
O N
epal
Out
put -
1.1
.1La
ws t
o en
sure
righ
ts to
food
sove
reig
nty
form
ulat
ed a
nd e
nfor
ced
Law
s ena
cted
and
en
forc
ed to
pro
vide
righ
ts
to fo
od w
ith o
ptio
ns fo
r ch
oice
NA
Righ
t to
food
Act
Fo
rmul
ated
in
2018
2025
Act
ivity
1.1
.1.1
Con
duct
rese
arch
on
how
th
e sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s an
d la
ndle
ss ru
ral p
oor
are
acce
ssin
g fo
od a
nd
wha
t leg
al p
rovi
sion
can
impr
ove
thei
r acc
ess f
or a
rig
ht b
ased
cho
ice
MoA
D, M
oLD
, N
eKSA
P
Rese
arch
stud
y re
sults
ap
plie
d in
faci
litat
ing
righ
ts b
ased
acc
ess t
o fo
od
NA
Rese
arch
find
ing
publ
ished
2018
Nep
al A
gric
ultu
re a
nd F
ood
Secu
rity
Cou
ntry
Inve
stm
ent P
lan;
C
onst
itutio
n of
Nep
al;
Nat
iona
l Nut
ritio
n Po
licy
and
Stra
tegy
; M
ulti-
sect
or N
utrit
ion
Plan
; N
atio
nal H
ealth
Pol
icy,
1991
;A
gric
ultu
re a
nd F
ood
Secu
rity
Pr
ojec
tA
GRI
CU
LTU
RE
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T S
TRA
TEG
Y,
2015
Act
ivity
1.1
.1.2
En
act l
aws t
hat c
ontr
ibut
e to
ens
ure
equi
tabl
e di
strib
utio
n of
food
MoS
/MoA
D
No.
of e
nact
ed a
nd
amen
ded
law
s pro
tect
ing
equi
tabl
e di
strib
utio
n of
fo
od fo
r the
dis
adva
ntag
ed
grou
ps
NA
Nee
d ba
sed
2018
Act
ivity
1.1
.1.3
Dis
sem
inat
e in
form
atio
n th
roug
h m
ass m
edia
ab
out t
he m
easu
res t
hat
cont
ribut
es p
oor f
amili
es
in a
cces
sing
food
and
nu
triti
on se
curi
ty b
ased
on
thei
r equ
al ri
ghts
MoA
D/M
oLD
No.
of p
oor h
ouse
hold
m
embe
rs fa
mili
ar a
bout
th
eir e
qual
righ
t to
acce
ss
food
19 D
istr
icts
75 D
istr
icts
2019
AFS
P
Out
put -
1.1
.2In
crea
sed
acce
ss to
inpu
ts fo
r the
pro
duct
ion
of
food
cro
ps
100%
farm
pro
duce
rs a
ble
to a
cces
s ade
quat
e qu
ality
in
puts
prio
r to
the
time
of
thei
r use
NA
100%
2025
Als
o re
late
d to
Pill
ar-I
V
35Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.1
Impr
ove
acce
ss to
qua
lity
seed
s of c
erea
ls, p
otat
o an
d ve
geta
bles
MoA
D, D
oA, D
AD
O,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO,
coop
erat
ive
Seed
pro
duct
ion,
ce
rtifi
catio
n an
d di
strib
utio
n sy
stem
in
stitu
tiona
lized
in th
ree
ecol
ogic
al b
elts
of a
ll se
ven
stat
e
53,9
44 M
t92
,527
Mt
2025
Nat
iona
l See
d Vi
sion
2013
-202
5;
Nat
iona
l See
d Po
licy,
2056
;Se
ed A
ct a
nd S
eed
Regu
latio
nSp
ecia
l Pro
gram
me
for S
eed
Prod
uctio
n, C
ertifi
catio
n an
d D
istr
ibut
ion
Kis
an k
a La
agi U
nnat
Biu
Bija
n K
arya
kram
(KU
BK)
Food
Cri
sis R
espo
nse
Prog
ram
me,
Pota
to, V
eget
able
s and
Spi
ces
Dev
elop
men
t Pro
gram
me
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t Pro
ject
(J
anak
pur)
,H
ortic
ultu
re D
evel
opm
ent
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.2
Act
ivat
e SA
ARC
See
d Ba
nkM
oAD
, NA
RCFu
nctio
nal S
AA
RC S
eed
Bank
N
AO
ne20
17SA
ARC
Pol
icy
Brie
f No.
24,
201
2
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.3
Incr
ease
tim
ely
avai
labi
lity
of fe
rtili
zers
MoA
D, A
ICL,
, ST
CL
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
(Mt).
of F
ertil
izer
s di
strib
uted
to th
e fa
rmer
s pe
r yea
r 29
8,67
7 M
t.
600,
000
Mt.
(Ure
a: 3
50,0
00
Mt.,
DA
P 22
8,00
0 M
t.M
OP
22,0
00 M
t.)
2025
Nat
iona
l Fer
tiliz
er P
olic
y, 20
02;
Spec
ial P
rogr
amm
e fo
r A
gric
ultu
ral P
rodu
ctio
n;C
oope
rativ
e Fa
rmin
g, S
mal
l Ir
riga
tion,
Fer
tiliz
er a
nd S
eeds
Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Prog
ram
me
AG
RIC
ULT
URE
D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
ST
RAT
EGY,
20
15
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.4
Prom
ote
crop
var
ietie
s su
itabl
e fo
r diff
eren
t ec
olog
ical
bel
ts
DoA
, DA
DO
, MoA
D
NA
RC, N
SC, P
rivat
e co
mpa
nies
No.
of s
eed
varie
ties
rele
ased
28
942
3 20
18N
atio
nal A
gric
ultu
re R
esea
rch
and
Dev
elop
men
t Fun
dC
rop
Dev
elop
men
t Pro
gram
me
Nep
al A
gric
ultu
re R
esea
rch
Cou
ncil
SQC
C
Kg.
of f
ertil
izer
s app
lied
per h
ecta
re96
Kg.
194
Kg.
2025
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.5
Esta
blish
nur
serie
s for
di
ffere
nt fr
uits
suita
ble
to
diffe
rent
eco
logi
cal b
elts
DoA
, DA
DO
, Fr
uit D
evel
opm
ent
Dire
ctor
ate
No.
of s
eedl
ings
pro
duce
d th
roug
h th
e nu
rser
ies
248,
400
500,
000
2020
Hor
ticul
ture
Cen
ters
and
Far
ms,
priv
ate
nurs
erie
s
36 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.6
Incr
ease
irrig
atio
n ar
ea
cove
rage
MoI
rr, ,
MoA
D, O
FID
, , W
B
% o
f the
cul
tivat
ed a
rea
cove
red
by y
ear r
ound
irr
igat
ion
30%
60%
2025
Irri
gatio
n Po
licy,
2060
, N
orm
s for
Agr
i. Ex
tens
ion
Prog
ram
mes
C
oope
rativ
e Fa
rmin
g, S
mal
l Ir
riga
tion,
Fer
tiliz
er a
nd S
eeds
Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Prog
ram
me;
Com
mun
ity M
anag
ed Ir
rigat
ed
Agr
o A
rea
Proj
ect;
Reha
bilit
atio
n an
d M
anag
emen
t Tra
nsfe
r of
Gov
ernm
ent I
rrig
atio
n Pr
ojec
t; Ir
riga
tion
Proj
ect b
ased
on
New
Te
chno
logy
;Ir
riga
tion
Reha
bilit
atio
n Pr
ojec
t Fo
od C
risi
s Res
pons
e Pr
ogra
mm
eA
GRI
CU
LTU
RE
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T S
TRA
TEG
Y,
2015
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.7
Supp
ort i
mpl
emen
tatio
n of
seed
vis
ion
MoA
D, N
SC, S
EAN
, SQ
CC
, Priv
ate
Sect
or
Seed
repl
acem
ent
9% C
erea
l66
% V
eget
able
s25
% C
erea
l90
% V
eget
able
s20
25
Nat
iona
l See
d Po
licy,
2056
;A
GRI
CU
LTU
RE
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T S
TRA
TEG
Y,
2015
Kat
hman
du P
ost,
Nov
embe
r 5,
2014
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.8
Prom
otio
n of
safe
pe
stic
ides
PPD
, NA
RC, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
OA
mou
nt o
f pes
ticid
e us
e pe
r Ha
396
gm a
.i./h
a
396
gm a
.i./h
aba
nned
all
orga
no-c
hlor
ine
grou
p pe
stic
ide
2025
Plan
t Pro
tect
ion
Dire
ctor
ate
Polic
yPo
licy
of th
e Pe
stic
ide
Regi
stra
tion
Offi
ce
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.9
Incr
ease
use
of f
arm
m
achi
nerie
s and
eq
uipm
ent
DoA
, DLS
, NA
RC,
MoA
D,
Rate
of m
echa
niza
tion
Tota
l 40%
(T
erai
80%
Mid
Hill
40-
60%
Mou
ntai
n 5%
)
80%
20
25
Agr
o M
echa
niza
tion
Prom
otio
n Po
licy,
2071
; Sp
ecia
l Pro
gram
me
for
Agr
icul
tura
l Pro
duct
ion;
Act
ivity
1.1
.2.1
0Tr
ain
farm
ers t
o ad
apt
with
clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd
natu
ral d
isas
ter e
ffect
sM
oAD
, MoP
E, M
oST,
N
o. o
f far
mer
s tra
ined
5,50
0 Fa
rmer
s18
,750
Far
mer
s20
20
Nat
iona
l Ada
ptat
ion
Prog
ram
me
of A
ctio
n (N
APA
)Lo
cal A
dapt
atio
n Pl
an o
f Act
ion
(LA
PA)
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Polic
y, 20
67Pi
lot P
rogr
amm
e fo
r Clim
ate
Resil
ienc
e (P
PCR)
: Bu
ildin
g Re
silie
nce
to C
limat
e Re
late
d H
azar
ds (a
gric
ultu
re m
anag
emen
t in
form
atio
n sy
stem
)Ba
se li
ne st
udy
of P
PCR
Ada
ptat
ion
of S
mal
lhol
der i
n A
gric
ultu
re (A
SHA
)
37Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Out
put -
1.1
.3In
crea
sed
acce
ss to
live
stoc
k pr
oduc
tsN
o. o
f liv
esto
ck h
eads
ra
ised
by
the
farm
ers
Als
o re
late
d to
Pill
ar-I
V
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
Incr
ease
milk
pro
duct
ion
MoL
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
, NC
DB,
ND
DB
Mt.
of m
ilk p
rodu
ctio
n1.
7 M
illio
n M
t.3.
4 M
illio
n M
t.20
25D
airy
Dev
elop
men
t Pol
icy,
2064
; N
atio
nal D
airy
Dev
elop
men
t Bo
ard
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.2
Impr
ove
qual
ity o
f ani
mal
fe
ed fo
r inc
reas
ed m
ilk
prod
uctio
n
MoL
D, P
rivat
e Fe
ed
Com
pani
es, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
% o
f yie
ld im
prov
ed d
ue to
th
e us
e of
qua
lity
anim
al
feed
N
A50
%20
25
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.3
Incr
ease
egg
pro
duct
ion
MoL
D, p
rivat
e se
ctor
N
o of
egg
pro
duce
/yea
r 88
0 M
illio
n1,
600
Mill
ion
2025
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.4
Incr
ease
goa
t far
min
gM
oLD
No.
of g
oats
rais
ed10
.2 M
illio
n15
Mill
ion
2025
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.5
Prom
ote
rais
ing
of
impr
oved
pou
ltry
and
anim
al
DLS
, M
oLD
, GA
FSP,
W
B, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
, NC
DB
No.
of i
mpr
oved
pou
ltry
and
anim
al ra
ised
by
the
farm
ers
48 M
illio
n po
ultr
y7.
2 M
illio
n ca
ttle
5.2
Mill
ion
buffa
lo
90 M
illio
n po
ultr
y2
Mill
ion
impr
oved
cat
tle
2 M
illio
n im
prov
ed b
uffal
o
2025
Dai
ry D
evel
opm
ent P
olic
y, 20
64;
Poul
try
Polic
y, 20
68;
Rang
elan
d Po
licy,
2068
Agr
icul
ture
and
Foo
d Se
curi
ty
Proj
ect
Live
stoc
k Se
rvic
e Ex
tens
ion
Prog
ram
me
AG
RIC
ULT
URE
D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
ST
RAT
EGY,
20
15
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.6
Build
cap
acity
of s
mal
l pr
oduc
ers t
o in
crea
se
lives
tock
pro
duct
ion
MoL
D
No.
of s
mal
l pro
duce
rs
trai
ned
NA
20,0
00 P
erso
ns20
25
Live
stoc
k se
rvic
e Tr
aini
ng C
ente
r’Li
vest
ock
Serv
ice
Exte
nsio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e
No.
of s
mal
l pro
duce
rs
able
to a
cces
s sof
t loa
nsN
A50
,000
H
ouse
hold
s20
25
No.
of s
mal
l pro
duce
rs
able
to a
cces
s cap
ital
gran
ts fo
r pur
chas
ing
lives
tock
/yea
r
NA
15,0
00
Hou
seho
lds
2025
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.7
Incr
ease
supp
ly o
f fee
d
MoL
D, F
eed
Prod
ucin
g C
ompa
ny, N
CD
B,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
No.
of s
mal
l sca
le fe
ed
indu
stry
est
ablis
hed
in th
e C
omm
unity
NA
250
Uni
ts20
25Ra
ngel
and
Polic
y, 20
68Li
vest
ock
Serv
ice
Exte
nsio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.8
Incr
ease
pro
duct
ion
of
fodd
er
DLS
, MoL
DN
o. o
f fod
der t
rees
new
ly
plan
ted
NA
One
Mill
ion
Tree
s20
25Ra
ngel
and
Polic
y, 20
68;
Live
stoc
k Se
rvic
e Ex
tens
ion
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.9
Impr
ove
prev
entiv
e an
d cu
rativ
e an
imal
hea
lth
serv
ices
DLS
, MoA
D, M
oLD
No.
of d
istr
icts
cov
ered
by
foot
and
mou
th d
isea
se
cont
rol
75 D
istr
icts
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Cro
p an
d Li
vest
ock
Insu
ranc
e Li
vest
ock
Serv
ice
Exte
nsio
n Pr
ogra
mm
eN
o. o
f dis
tric
ts c
over
ed
by fo
ot A
vian
influ
enza
co
ntro
lN
A75
Dis
tric
ts20
25Av
ian
Influ
enza
Con
trol
Pro
ject
(A
ICP)
38 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
0
Incr
ease
app
licat
ion
of IC
T to
impr
ove
the
lives
tock
ext
ensio
n se
rvic
es
MoL
D
No.
of e
xten
sion
mak
ing
use
of IC
T se
rvic
es in
re
latio
n to
thei
r liv
esto
ck
farm
act
iviti
es
30%
ext
ensio
n w
orke
r10
0% IC
T U
sers
2025
Agr
icul
ture
Res
earc
h Pr
ogra
mm
e
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
1Sc
ale-
up li
vest
ock
farm
s fo
r inc
reas
ed p
rodu
ctio
n M
oLD
, DLS
, Kri
shak
Sa
njal
, PO
, NC
DB
No.
of l
ives
tock
farm
s sc
aled
-up
NA
1,00
0 Fa
rms
2025
Live
stoc
k D
evel
opm
ent F
arm
s
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
2:Tr
ain
farm
ers o
n co
ld a
nd
war
m w
ater
fish
farm
ing
MoA
DN
o. o
f fish
farm
er tr
aine
dN
A30
0 Fa
rmer
s
Act
ivity
1.1
.3.1
3In
crea
se fi
sh p
rodu
ctio
nD
oA, N
CD
BQ
uant
ity o
f fish
pro
duce
d/ye
ar57
,250
Mt.
90,0
00 M
t.20
25A
ppro
ved
Aqu
acul
ture
Pol
icy,
DoA
Out
put -
1.1
.4In
crea
sed
acce
ss to
pro
duct
ion
infr
astr
uctu
re
No.
of m
arke
t she
ds b
uilt
NA
750
Uni
ts20
25A
gric
ultu
re D
evel
opm
ent
Stra
tegy
, 201
5
Als
o re
late
d to
Pill
ar-I
V
Cap
acity
of s
tora
ge
faci
litie
s (M
t)11
,000
Mt.
20,0
00 M
t.20
25
Km
of a
gric
ultu
re ro
ad
built
and
mai
ntai
ned
53,0
00 K
m68
,000
Km
.20
25
AG
RIC
ULT
URE
D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
ST
RAT
EGY,
20
15Th
irte
enth
Pla
n (2
070/
71-
2072
/73)
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.1
Mai
ntai
n tr
aditi
onal
ir
rigat
ion
syst
ems
MoA
D,
No.
of t
radi
tiona
l irr
igat
ion
syst
ems
mai
ntai
ned
2,75
9 U
nits
5000
Uni
ts20
25
Irri
gatio
n Po
licy,
2060
;C
oope
rativ
e Fa
rmin
g, S
mal
l Ir
riga
tion,
Fer
tiliz
er a
nd S
eeds
Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Prog
ram
me;
Food
Cri
sis R
espo
nse
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.2
Ado
pt ra
in w
ater
ha
rves
ting
syst
emM
oAD
, NC
DB
No.
of r
ainw
ater
har
vest
sy
stem
inst
alle
d13
6 U
nits
1000
Uni
ts20
25
Irri
gatio
n Po
licy,
2060
;C
oope
rativ
e Fa
rmin
g, S
mal
l Ir
riga
tion,
Fer
tiliz
er a
nd S
eeds
Tr
ansp
orta
tion
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.3
.Pr
omot
e M
ultip
le U
se o
f W
ater
Sys
tem
(MU
S)M
oAD
No.
of w
ater
use
effi
cien
cy
prog
ram
mes
impl
emen
ted
in th
e di
stric
ts
246
Syst
ems
(in 2
9 D
istr
icts
)75
Dis
tric
ts20
25
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.4
Prom
ote
leas
ing
of fa
llow
la
nd fo
r cul
tivat
ion
MoF
SC, M
oLRM
, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
% o
f fal
low
land
cul
tivat
ed
unde
r the
fixe
d te
rm
cont
ract
NA
25%
2025
Nat
iona
l Lan
d U
tiliz
atio
n Po
licy,
2069
Act
ivity
1.1
.4.5
Prov
ide
land
ban
king
and
le
asin
g fa
cilit
ies
MoA
D, M
oLRM
Land
Lea
se A
ct d
evel
oped
Land
ban
king
faci
litie
s pr
ovid
edN
A
Land
Lea
se
Act
and
Lan
d Ba
nkin
g fa
cilit
ies
in p
lace
2018
AG
RIC
ULT
URE
D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
ST
RAT
EGY,
20
15
Out
put -
1.1
.5Li
nkag
e be
twee
n th
e re
sear
ch a
nd e
xten
sion
serv
ices
stre
ngth
ened
% o
f suc
cess
ful r
esea
rch
tria
ls ha
nded
ove
r to
the
farm
ers’
field
N
A10
0%20
25A
lso
rela
ted
to P
illar
-IV
Act
ivity
1.1
.5.1
Use
of I
CT
on
agric
ultu
re
exte
nsio
n D
AD
O, N
eKSA
PN
o. o
f dis
tric
ts a
pply
ing
agro
-adv
isor
y se
rvic
es
usin
g IC
TN
A75
Dis
tric
ts20
25A
ICC
39Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
1.1
.5.2
Pr
omot
e A
gro-
call
Cen
tres
in a
ll pr
ovin
ces
MoA
D, A
ICC
No.
of c
all c
entr
es
esta
blish
edN
A75
Dis
tric
ts20
25
Act
ivity
1.1
.5.3
:
Prom
ote
mob
ile
appl
icat
ions
for t
he
diss
emin
atio
n of
pric
e in
form
atio
n re
late
d to
the
agro
- com
mod
ities
MoA
D, M
oLD
% o
f far
mer
s and
trad
ers
mak
ing
use
of m
obile
ap
plic
atio
ns
Prac
tice
Exis
ts
(e.g
. SM
ART
K
rish
i)
50%
Far
mer
s and
Tr
ader
s in
Each
D
istr
ict
2025
Out
put -
1.1
.6W
omen
’s ro
le in
pro
duct
ive
activ
ities
enh
ance
d%
of w
omen
und
erta
king
jo
bs re
cogn
ized
as m
ale-
frie
ndly
cat
egor
yN
A25
%20
25A
lso
rela
ted
to P
illar
-IV
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.1
Incr
ease
wom
en’s
acce
ss
to p
rodu
ctiv
e as
set b
ase
MoA
D, M
oWC
SW,
NC
DB
% o
f inc
reas
e in
the
land
ar
ea o
wne
d by
wom
en
(incl
udin
g th
e pa
rcel
s ta
ken
for c
onta
ct fa
rmin
g)
10%
50%
2025
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2004
; N
epal
Agr
icul
ture
Ext
ensio
n St
rate
gy;
Nat
iona
l Dai
ry D
evel
opm
ent
Boar
d (S
peci
al M
ilk P
rodu
ctio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e)
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.2
Prom
ote
gend
er-
resp
onsiv
e tr
aini
ng a
nd
exte
nsio
n se
rvic
es
MoW
CSW
, MoA
D,
NW
C, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
%. o
f wom
en h
avin
g ac
cess
to
trai
ning
and
ext
ensio
nN
A50
%20
25
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2004
; N
epal
Agr
icul
ture
Ext
ensio
n St
rate
gy;
Nat
iona
l Dai
ry D
evel
opm
ent
Boar
d (S
peci
al M
ilk P
rodu
ctio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e)
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.3
Prom
ote
wom
en-f
riend
ly
agric
ultu
ral t
echn
olog
ies
and
prac
tices
MoW
CSW
, MoA
D,
NC
DB
%. o
f wom
en a
pply
ing
agric
ultu
ral t
echn
olog
ies
and
prac
tices
suita
ble
to
thei
r com
pete
nce
NA
50%
2025
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2004
; N
epal
Agr
icul
ture
Ext
ensio
n St
rate
gy;
Nat
iona
l Dai
ry D
evel
opm
ent
Boar
d (S
peci
al M
ilk P
rodu
ctio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e)
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.4
Stre
ngth
en a
gro-
gend
er
data
base
for p
lann
ing
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
ag
ricu
ltura
l act
iviti
es
MoA
D
No.
of d
istr
icts
m
aint
aini
ng a
gro-
gend
er
data
base
for p
lann
ing,
im
plem
entin
g an
d m
onito
ring
act
iviti
es
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2020
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2004
; N
epal
Agr
icul
ture
Ext
ensio
n St
rate
gyA
ffirm
ativ
e ac
tions
co
nduc
ted
for w
omen
’s re
crui
tmen
t as f
acili
tato
rs,
exte
nsio
n w
orke
rs, s
ocia
l m
obili
zers
etc
.)
NA
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
Affi
rmat
ive
Act
ions
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.5
Incr
ease
land
regi
stra
tion
on w
omen
’s na
me
MoL
RM, M
oAD
Perc
ent o
f lan
d re
gist
ered
on
wom
en’s
nam
e15
%30
%20
25A
gric
ultu
re D
evel
opm
ent
Stra
tegy
, 201
5
Act
ivity
1.1
.6.6
Incr
ease
out
reac
h of
ex
tens
ion
serv
ices
to
wom
en h
eade
d ho
useh
olds
MoA
D, M
LD
Out
reac
h of
ext
ensio
n se
rvic
es in
crea
sed
on w
omen
hea
ded
hous
ehol
ds
28.2
%50
%20
25
40 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Out
put -
1.1
.7C
ultiv
atio
n of
cro
ps p
rom
oted
by
thei
r sui
tabi
lity
to d
iffer
ent e
colo
gica
l con
ditio
ns
% o
f far
m h
ouse
hold
s gr
owin
g cl
imat
e-fr
iend
ly
crop
s and
rais
ing
clim
ate-
suita
ble
lives
tock
bre
ed
NA
75%
2025
Als
o re
late
d to
Pill
ar-I
V
Act
ivity
1.1
.7.1
Iden
tify
pock
et a
reas
fo
r the
spec
ializ
ed
crop
s bas
ed o
n th
eir
com
para
tive
adva
ntag
e
DoA
, DA
DO
, DLS
, ,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
No.
of p
ocke
t are
as
iden
tified
in th
e di
stric
ts
for s
peci
aliz
ed c
rops
NA
1500
poc
ket
2025
MO
AD
27
Poin
ts C
omm
itmen
tA
GRI
CU
LTU
RE
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T S
TRA
TEG
Y,
2015
Act
ivity
1.1
.7.2
One
-vill
age-
one
-pro
duct
(O
VO
P)M
OA
D D
oA, F
NC
CI,
AEC
, NC
DB
No.
of d
istr
ict c
over
ed32
Dis
tric
ts75
Vill
ages
2025
One
-Vill
age-
One
Pro
duct
Act
ivity
1.1
.7.3
One
dis
tric
t one
pro
duct
(O
DO
P)D
oA, A
EC, F
NC
CI,
NC
DB
No.
of d
istr
icts
cov
ered
34 D
istr
icts
75D
istr
icts
2025
One
-Dis
tric
ts-O
ne P
rodu
ct
Act
ivity
1.1
.7.4
Revi
ve c
ultiv
atio
n of
ne
glec
ted
but n
utri
tive
trad
ition
al /
indi
geno
us
crop
s in
view
of t
heir
rich
nutr
itiou
s val
ues
DoA
, DA
DO
, Kri
shak
Sa
njal
, PO
, NC
DB
No.
of f
arm
ers r
eviv
ing
culti
vatio
n of
pre
viou
sly
aban
done
d nu
triti
on- r
ich
trad
ition
al c
rops
NA
550,
000
Farm
H
ouse
hold
s20
25
Act
ivity
1.1
.7.5
Prom
ote
gene
tic
cons
erva
tion
prac
tices
NA
RC, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
No.
of f
arm
hou
seho
lds
trai
ned
for t
he
cons
erva
tion
of g
enet
ic
mat
eria
ls
NA
9,37
5 Fa
rm
Hou
seho
lds
2025
Nat
iona
l See
d Po
licy,
2056
Seed
s Pro
mot
ion
and
Qua
lity
Con
trol
Pro
gram
me
Out
com
e –
1.2
Ade
quat
e aff
orda
ble
nutr
itiou
s foo
d av
aila
ble
for
equi
tabl
e ut
iliza
tion
% o
f hou
seho
lds a
ble
to
proc
ure
food
add
ition
al to
th
eir h
ome
prod
uctio
n in
ca
se o
f sho
rtag
e
NA
100%
2025
Out
put -
1.2
.1H
ouse
hold
inco
mes
of t
he p
oor e
nhan
ced
for f
ood
affor
dabi
lity
% o
f poo
r hou
seho
lds
decr
ease
d23
.8%
0%20
25
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.1
Incr
ease
acc
ess t
o em
ploy
men
t opp
ortu
nitie
s by
div
ersif
ying
pro
duct
ive
enga
gem
ents
in th
e fa
rm,
off-f
arm
and
non
-far
m
sect
ors
MoA
D, D
LS, D
oA,
MoF
SC, D
oF N
CD
B
Hou
seho
lds e
ngag
ed in
ne
w fa
rm, o
ff-fa
rm, a
gro-
fore
stry
and
non
-far
m
activ
ities
NA
50,0
0020
25
Agr
ibus
ines
s Pro
mot
ion
Polic
y, 20
06A
gric
ultu
re In
form
atio
n an
d C
omm
unic
atio
n C
ente
r
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.2
Prom
ote
mar
ket
orie
ntat
ion
amon
g th
e fa
rmer
s for
co
mm
erci
aliz
atio
n of
ag
ricu
lture
CSI
DB,
DoA
, DC
SI,
DLS
, MoA
D, F
NC
CI
No.
of f
arm
ers t
rain
ed
and
enga
ged
in th
e ag
ribu
sines
s val
ue c
hain
s (s
uppl
ying
inpu
ts fo
r pr
oduc
tion,
pro
cess
ing
of p
rodu
cts,
tran
spor
ting
prod
ucts
to th
e m
arke
t, an
d tr
adin
g et
c.)
NA
18,7
50 F
arm
ers
2025
Agr
ibus
ines
s Pro
mot
ion
Polic
y, 20
06A
gric
ultu
ral P
ersp
ectiv
e Pl
an
Mon
itori
ng a
nd C
oord
inat
ion
Prog
ram
me
Agr
o Bu
sines
s Pro
mot
ion
and
Mar
ket D
evel
opm
ent P
rogr
amm
e
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.3
Min
imiz
e pr
ice
vola
tility
ri
sks
DoA
, Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO, N
CD
B
No.
of d
istr
icts
regu
latin
g m
arke
ts to
redu
ce p
rice
vola
tility
risk
sN
A75
Dis
tric
ts20
25
41Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.4
Con
trol
hoa
rdin
g (a
rtifi
cial
supp
ly g
ap) o
f pr
oduc
ts in
the
mar
ket
MoC
, MoS
, NC
DB,
K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
No.
of d
istr
icts
pun
ishin
g ar
tifici
al h
oard
ing
of
agri
cultu
ral p
rodu
cts
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.5
Iden
tify
trad
e ba
rrie
rs a
nd
avoi
d th
e re
stri
ctio
ns
MoC
, Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
Trad
e ba
rrie
rs c
ausin
g pr
ice
impl
icat
ions
id
entifi
ed a
nd re
mov
ed
with
rela
ted
enac
tmen
ts
NA
Regu
latio
ns
App
lied
2020
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.6
Ensu
re e
qual
wag
e ra
te
for w
omen
agr
icul
tura
l w
orke
rs
MoW
CSW
, MoA
D,
NW
C, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
% o
f wom
en o
btai
ning
eq
ual w
age
rate
for s
imila
r ty
pe o
f agr
icul
tura
l wor
k do
ne
NA
100%
2018
Labo
ur a
nd E
mpl
oym
ent P
olic
y, 20
12
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.7
Prom
ote
self-
empl
oym
ent
focu
sed
agro
-bas
ed
ente
rpri
ses i
n gr
oups
DC
SI, M
oI, M
oLE,
N
CD
BN
o. o
f gro
up b
ased
new
en
terp
rise
s est
ablis
hed
NA
750
Gro
up
Ente
rpri
ses
2025
Labo
ur a
nd E
mpl
oym
ent P
olic
y, 20
12 ;
Agr
icul
ture
Info
rmat
ion
and
Com
mun
icat
ion
Cen
ter
Act
ivity
1.2
.1.8
Impl
emen
t 100
- da
y em
ploy
men
t gua
rant
ee
sche
me
for p
eopl
e liv
ing
in d
ifficu
lt co
nditi
ons
MoL
E, N
PCN
o. o
f dis
tric
ts
impl
emen
ting
empl
oym
ent g
uara
ntee
of
100
days
sche
me
6 D
istr
icts
32
Dis
tric
ts20
25
Labo
ur a
nd E
mpl
oym
ent P
olic
y, 20
12
Agr
icul
ture
Info
rmat
ion
and
Com
mun
icat
ion
Cen
ter
Out
put -
1.2
.2Fo
od d
istr
ibut
ion
syst
em st
reng
then
ed to
ens
ure
loca
l ava
ilabi
lity
% o
f hou
seho
lds
adeq
uate
ly a
cces
sing
food
av
aila
ble
in th
e m
arke
t as
and
whe
n ne
eded
NA
100%
2025
Act
ivity
1.2
.2.1
Prov
ide
tran
spor
tatio
n su
bsid
y fo
r the
supp
ly o
f fo
od g
rain
s to
food
defi
cit
dist
ricts
MoA
D, M
oPE,
MoS
T
No
of d
istr
ict p
rovi
de
subs
idy
in th
e tr
ansp
orta
tion
cost
for t
he
rem
ote
area
s
30A
s per
the
need
20
25N
epal
Foo
d C
orpo
ratio
n
Act
ivity
1.2
.2.2
Mai
ntai
n bu
ffer s
tock
as
pre
pare
dnes
s for
em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
MoA
D M
OS
Mt.
of fo
od g
rain
s sto
red
in th
e bu
ffer s
tock
w
areh
ouse
in
the
food
defi
cit d
istr
icts
fo
r em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
30,0
00 M
t. 1
00,0
00 M
t 20
25N
atio
nal A
gric
ultu
re P
olic
y, 20
61M
OA
D, N
FC
Act
ivity
1.2
.2.3
Ope
n ne
w fo
od g
rain
ou
tlets
to e
nsur
e re
gula
r su
pply
in th
e de
ficit
area
s
NFC
, N
o. o
f foo
d de
ficit
dist
ricts
op
erat
ing
coop
erat
ive
shop
sN
A32
Dis
tric
ts
2025
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2061
Act
ivity
1.2
.2.4
Mai
ntai
n bu
ffer s
tock
of
seed
NSC
L, S
EAN
No.
of d
istr
icts
m
aint
aini
ng se
ed st
ock
for
supp
ly in
the
culti
vatio
n se
ason
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Nat
iona
l See
d Po
licy,
2056
Seed
s Pro
mot
ion
and
Qua
lity
Con
trol
Pro
gram
me
Act
ivity
1.2
.2.5
Esta
blish
and
Act
ivat
e SA
ARC
Foo
d Ba
nk (a
s per
th
e ag
reem
ent s
igne
d on
3
Apr
il 20
07)
MoC
, MoA
DSA
ARC
Foo
d Ba
nk m
ade
oper
atio
nal
NA
One
2017
Agr
eem
ent o
n Es
tabl
ishin
g th
e SA
ARC
Foo
d Ba
nk
PILL
AR
– II
ZERO
ST
UN
TED
CH
ILD
REN
LES
S T
HA
N 2
YEA
RS O
F A
GE
42 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Out
com
e - 2
.1
Nut
ritio
n se
nsiti
ve a
gric
ultu
ral s
yste
m p
rom
oted
Incr
ease
in n
utrit
iona
l di
vers
ity o
f cro
ppin
g sy
stem
N
A10
0%20
25
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t Str
ateg
yFo
od a
nd N
utrit
ion
Secu
rity
Pla
n of
Act
ion
Mul
ti-Se
ctor
Nut
ritio
n Pl
an
Out
put –
2.1
.1Lo
cal f
ood
prod
uctio
n sy
stem
div
ersifi
ed w
ith
focu
s on
unco
nven
tiona
l nut
ritio
us c
rops
, fru
its,
vege
tabl
es fo
r the
ir in
crea
sed
cons
umpt
ion
% o
f far
mer
s gro
win
g m
ultip
le n
utrit
ious
cro
ps,
frui
ts a
nd v
eget
able
sN
A10
0%20
25
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t Str
ateg
yFo
od a
nd N
utrit
ion
Secu
rity
Pla
n of
Act
ion
Mul
ti-Se
ctor
Nut
ritio
n Pl
an
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.1
Trai
n th
e fr
ontli
ne
agri
cultu
re e
xten
sion
staff
on
nut
ritio
n se
nsiti
ve
agri
cultu
re in
terv
entio
ns
(e.g
. for
pra
ctic
ing
nutr
ition
ally
impo
rtan
t cr
ops a
nd li
vest
ock
incl
udin
g m
ixed
cro
ppin
g/fa
rmin
g, ro
tatio
nal
crop
ping
etc
.)
MoA
D, M
oLD
, MoH
No.
of a
gric
ultu
re a
nd
heal
th fu
nctio
narie
s tr
aine
d 20
03,
750
Pers
ons
2025
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.2
Trai
n sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s fo
r sel
ectiv
e pr
oduc
tion
of n
utrit
ion-
dens
e fo
od
crop
s, ve
geta
bles
and
fr
uits
MoA
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
No.
of p
erso
ns tr
aine
d in
co
mpa
rativ
e nu
triti
ous
prop
ertie
s bas
ed c
rops
, ve
geta
bles
and
frui
ts
suita
ble
to th
e lo
cal
grow
ing
cond
ition
s
NA
3,75
0 Pe
rson
s20
25
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.3
Mak
e fa
rmer
s aw
are
abou
t the
pro
duct
ion
dive
rsifi
catio
n an
d im
port
ance
of
nutr
ition
ally
rich
cro
ps,
vege
tabl
es a
nd fr
uits
MoA
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
No.
of f
arm
ers o
rient
ed20
03,
750
Pers
ons
2025
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.4
Mak
e ho
useh
old
mem
bers
aw
are
of th
e im
port
ance
of f
ood
base
d nu
triti
on in
clud
ing
the
diet
ary
dive
rsifi
catio
n op
port
uniti
es a
nd u
se o
f bi
o-fo
rtifi
ed c
rops
MoA
D,
MoH
, Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
No.
of w
omen
gro
up
orie
nted
abo
ut th
e im
port
ance
of f
ood
base
d nu
triti
on a
nd th
e ro
les
diet
ary
dive
rsifi
catio
n an
d bi
o-fo
rtifi
catio
n ca
n pl
ay
in th
is re
gard
35 D
istr
icts
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.5
Mak
e ho
useh
old
mem
bers
nu
triti
on se
nsiti
ve in
se
lect
ing
the
food
men
uM
oAD
, MoH
, Kri
shak
Sa
njal
, PO
No.
of d
istr
icts
cov
ered
fo
r sen
sitiz
atio
n of
ho
useh
old
mem
bers
abo
ut
the
nutr
itiou
s pro
pert
ies
of d
aily
con
sum
able
ba
sic fo
od it
ems (
mix
of
cere
al c
rops
, tre
e cr
ops,
vege
tabl
es a
nd li
vest
ock
prod
ucts
)
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
43Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Out
put –
2.1
.2Lo
cal
prod
uctio
n of
an
imal
so
urce
pr
oduc
ts
enha
nced
for
con
sum
ptio
n by
the
sm
allh
olde
r fa
mily
mem
bers
% o
f hou
seho
lds
adeq
uate
ly a
cces
sing
and
cons
umin
g an
imal
sour
ce
prod
ucts
NA
100
2025
Act
ivity
2.1
.2.1
Trai
n fa
rmer
s on
live
stoc
k pr
oduc
tion
focu
sing
on
poul
try,
rabb
it,
dair
y co
w/b
uffal
o, g
oat
and
fish
farm
ing
MoL
D, M
oH, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O N
CD
BN
o. o
f liv
esto
ck ra
isin
g fa
rmer
s tra
ined
200
3,60
0 Fa
rmer
s20
25
Act
ivity
2.1
.2.2
:
Trai
n th
e fr
ontli
ne
lives
tock
ex
tens
ion
wor
kers
on
pr
omot
ing
lives
tock
pr
oduc
tion
of
high
nut
ritio
nal v
alue
MoL
D, M
oAD
, MoH
No.
of f
ront
line
lives
tock
fu
nctio
narie
s tra
ined
200
3,75
0 Pe
rson
s20
25
Act
ivity
2.1
.1.3
Mak
e fa
rmer
s aw
are
abou
t th
e nu
triti
onal
ben
efit o
f an
imal
sour
ce fo
ods a
nd
enco
urag
e ra
isin
g an
imal
s
MoL
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
No.
of d
istr
icts
mak
ing
the
farm
ers a
war
e of
the
impo
rtan
ce o
f con
sum
ing
anim
al so
urce
food
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2018
Out
com
e - 2
.2
Enha
nced
acc
ess a
nd u
tiliz
atio
n of
safe
, nut
ritio
us
and
dive
rse
food
am
ong
the
poor
hou
seho
lds
follo
wed
by
impr
oved
hea
lth a
nd n
utrit
ion
serv
ices
Die
tary
div
ersit
y at
HH
leve
l/Ind
ivid
ual l
evel
HH
con
sum
ptio
n of
m
icro
nutr
ient
rich
ve
geta
bles
, fru
its a
nd
anim
al so
urce
food
s
NA
100%
2025
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t Str
ateg
yFo
od a
nd N
utrit
ion
Secu
rity
Pla
n of
Act
ion
Mul
ti-Se
ctor
Nut
ritio
n Pl
anFo
od S
afet
y Po
licy
Nat
iona
l Hea
lth P
olic
y 20
14N
A10
0%20
25
Out
put –
2.2
.1
Stre
ngth
ened
cap
acity
of f
arm
ers,
mot
her g
roup
s an
d sm
all c
oope
rativ
es o
n th
e st
orag
e an
d pr
oces
sing
of fo
od in
clud
ing
thei
r pre
para
tion
and
pres
erva
tion
at th
e co
mm
unity
leve
lP
No.
of f
arm
ers,
mot
her
grou
p m
embe
rs a
nd
coop
erat
ive
staff
usin
g im
prov
ed st
orag
e
NA
375
Gro
ups
2025
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t Str
ateg
yFo
od a
nd N
utrit
ion
Secu
rity
Pla
n of
Act
ion
Mul
ti-Se
ctor
Nut
ritio
n Pl
anFo
od S
afet
y Po
licy
Nat
iona
l Hea
lth P
olic
y 20
14
Prop
ortio
n of
gro
ups w
ith
proc
essin
g, p
rese
rvat
ion
and
prep
arat
ion
of fo
odPe
rcen
tage
of i
nstit
utio
nal
deliv
ery
incr
ease
d
ropo
rtio
n of
wom
en a
nd
child
ren
goin
g to
HF
for
nutr
ition
cou
nsel
ling
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
Enga
ge sm
allh
olde
r ho
useh
olds
in h
omes
tead
fo
od p
rodu
ctio
n
DoA
, DoL
S, M
oAD
, M
oLD
, Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO, N
CD
B
% o
f hou
seho
lds e
ngag
ed
in h
omes
tead
food
pr
oduc
tion
NA
100%
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.2
Prom
ote
smal
l ani
mal
ra
isin
g (b
acky
ard
poul
try,
dair
y, go
at )
in
the
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ho
useh
olds
DLS
, MoL
D, D
aDC
, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
,N
CD
B
No.
of p
oor H
Hs w
ith
smal
l ani
mal
sN
A10
,000
H
ouse
hold
s20
25
44 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.3
Prom
ote
nutr
ition
al
scho
ol g
arde
nD
oA, M
oAD
, MoE
, M
oHN
o. o
f sch
ool g
arde
ns
esta
blish
edN
A75
0 Sc
hool
G
arde
ns20
20
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.4
Prom
ote
scho
ol fe
edin
g an
d pa
cked
lunc
h pr
ogra
mm
esM
oE, M
oHN
o. o
f sch
ools
cove
red
by th
e sc
hool
feed
ing
prog
ram
mes
11 D
istr
icts
32 D
istr
icts
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.5
:
Dev
elop
trai
ning
pac
kage
on
har
mon
ized
food
pr
oces
sing,
pre
serv
atio
n an
d sa
fety
for n
utrit
ion
and
trai
n th
e re
late
d va
lue
chai
n ac
tors
MoA
D, M
oLD
No.
of v
alue
cha
in a
ctor
s tr
aine
d N
A3,
750
Valu
e C
hain
Act
ors
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.6
:
Trai
n fa
rmer
s/co
nsum
ers
by m
eans
of a
cas
cade
of
trai
ning
(MTo
T, T
oT
and
Farm
er /
Con
sum
er
Trai
ning
) and
the
staff
fr
om d
iffer
ent s
ecto
rs
(hea
lth, a
gric
ultu
re,
lives
tock
, wom
en
deve
lopm
ent,
educ
atio
n),
heal
th w
orke
rs, F
emal
e C
omm
unity
Hea
lth
Volu
ntee
rs, a
gric
ultu
re/
lives
tock
ext
ensio
n w
orke
rs, w
omen
de
velo
pmen
t wor
kers
with
th
e ha
rmon
ized
trai
ning
pa
ckag
e de
velo
ped
unde
r th
e A
ctiv
ity: 2
.2.1
.5
DoA
, DD
C, V
DC
No.
of t
each
ers,
cook
an
d st
uden
ts tr
aine
d on
he
alth
y di
et1,
800
Pers
ons
3,75
0 Fa
rmer
s /
Con
sum
ers
2020
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.7
Revi
ew, r
evis
e, u
pdat
e an
d ap
ply
the
rule
s, re
gula
tions
and
act
s on
the
food
safe
ty p
ract
ices
DFT
QC
, MoA
D
No.
of r
ules
and
re
gula
tions
upd
ated
for
appl
icat
ion
to e
nsur
e fo
od
safe
ty
NA
Upd
ates
and
ap
plic
atio
n of
re
gula
tions
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.8
Mak
e co
nsum
ers a
war
e w
ith c
ampa
igns
on
food
sa
fety
and
qua
lity
MoA
D, D
FTQ
C#
Awar
enes
s pro
gram
mes
co
nduc
ted
on fo
od sa
fety
NA
100%
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.9
Esta
blish
Con
sum
er
Com
plai
nts U
nit i
n ea
ch
office
of t
he D
epar
tmen
t of
Foo
d Te
chno
logy
and
Q
ualit
y C
ontr
ol
DFT
QC
No.
of d
istr
icts
es
tabl
ishin
g co
nsum
er
com
plai
nt c
ente
rN
A75
Dis
tric
ts20
28N
o of
com
plai
nts r
elat
ed
to fo
od sa
fety
rece
ived
fr
om c
onsu
mer
s and
ac
tion
take
n
45Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
0
Con
duct
adv
ocac
y, aw
aren
ess a
nd e
duca
tion
activ
ities
on
nutr
ition
, fo
od sa
fety
and
hyg
iene
at
all l
evel
s
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
No.
of d
istr
icts
runn
ing
advo
cacy
cam
paig
ns fo
r aw
aren
ess r
aisin
gN
A75
Dis
tric
ts20
25
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
1
Stre
ngth
en th
e ca
paci
ty
and
mod
ality
of
mon
itorin
g on
food
sa
fety
and
qua
lity
in
coor
dina
tion
with
oth
er
sect
ors
DFT
QC
, MoA
D
No.
of d
istr
icts
es
tabl
ishin
g fo
od sa
fety
an
d qu
ality
mon
itorin
g st
ruct
ure
in c
oord
inat
ion
with
inte
rrel
ated
sect
ors
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2020
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
2
Dev
elop
and
enf
orce
m
anda
tory
food
safe
ty
and
hygi
ene
requ
irem
ents
fo
r loc
al v
endo
rs, s
mal
l in
dust
ries a
nd re
stau
rant
s
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
Gui
delin
e fo
r mon
itorin
g fo
od sa
fety
and
hyg
iene
de
velo
ped
and
appl
ied
NA
Gui
delin
e20
20
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
3
Con
duct
per
iodi
c su
rvey
fo
r situ
atio
n of
food
safe
ty
and
qual
ity a
t nat
iona
l le
vel
DFT
QC
, MoA
D, C
BSN
o. o
f sur
veys
con
duct
ed
NA
5 Su
rvey
s20
25
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
4
Dev
elop
trai
ning
man
uals
, fa
cilit
ator
s’ gu
idel
ines
an
d or
gani
ze tr
aini
ng fo
r fa
rmer
s with
em
phas
is
on th
e pa
rtic
ipat
ion
of
wom
en fa
rmer
s on
food
pr
oces
sing,
pre
para
tion
and
pres
erva
tion
at th
e co
mm
unity
leve
l
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoH
,
No.
of t
rain
ing
man
uals
, fa
cilit
ator
s gui
de a
nd
oper
atio
nal g
uide
line
deve
lope
d
NA
Man
ual a
nd
Gui
de20
20
Act
ivity
2.2
.1.1
5Es
tabl
ish c
omm
unity
ba
sed
food
pre
serv
atio
n an
d pr
oces
sing
unit
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoH
,
No.
of c
omm
unity
ba
sed
food
pre
serv
atio
n an
d pr
oces
sing
units
es
tabl
ished
NA
750
Uni
ts20
20
Out
put –
2.2
.2
Nut
ritio
n ed
ucat
ion
rela
ted
info
rmat
ion
diss
emin
ated
app
lyin
g fo
od b
ased
die
tary
gu
idel
ines
and
hea
lthy
diet
pra
ctic
es w
ith th
e pr
omot
ion
of h
ealth
, agr
icul
ture
and
soci
al
prot
ectio
n se
rvic
es
No.
of d
istr
icts
di
ssem
inat
ing
educ
atio
nal
and
info
rmat
ion
diss
emin
atio
n se
rvic
es
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Food
and
Nut
ritio
n Se
curi
ty P
lan
of A
ctio
nM
ulti-
Sect
or N
utrit
ion
Plan
Food
Saf
ety
Polic
yN
atio
nal H
ealth
Pol
icy
2014
Food
Bas
ed D
ieta
ry G
uide
line
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
Dev
elop
trai
ning
pac
kage
fo
r the
pro
mot
ion
of fo
od
base
d di
etar
y gu
idel
ines
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoH
, Tr
aini
ng p
acka
ge o
n he
alth
y di
et d
evel
oped
N
A50
%20
20
46 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.2
Con
duct
adv
ocac
y an
d ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
activ
ities
for t
he se
ctor
al
func
tiona
ries
on
heal
thy
diet
and
food
bas
ed
diet
ary
guid
elin
es a
t all
leve
ls
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoH
,
# H
R tr
aine
d on
hea
lthy
diet
and
food
bas
ed
diet
ary
guid
elin
es a
t all
leve
ls
NA
75%
2020
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.3
Enha
nce
the
trai
ning
, co
unse
lling
and
soci
al
mob
iliza
tion
skill
s for
th
e fr
ontli
ne w
orke
rs a
nd
exte
nsio
n w
orke
rs
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoH
,
% o
f fro
ntlin
e w
orke
rs
from
all
sect
ors t
rain
ed
on c
ouns
elin
g an
d so
cial
m
obili
zatio
n sk
ills f
or
nutr
ition
NA
100%
2020
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.4
Dev
elop
and
dis
sem
inat
e ne
w, in
nova
tive
and
cont
extu
al b
ehav
iour
ch
ange
mes
sage
s on
food
sa
fety
, hea
lthy
diet
and
di
et d
iver
sifica
tion
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoH
,
No.
of i
nnov
ativ
e m
essa
ge d
evel
oped
and
di
ssem
inat
edN
AN
ew M
essa
ges
Dis
sem
inat
ed20
25
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.5
Dev
elop
food
bas
ed
man
ual (
for a
ll ag
e gr
oups
) in
line
with
FBD
G
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoH
,
No.
of a
gric
ultu
re a
nd
heal
th fu
nctio
narie
s tr
aine
d on
the
use
of fo
od
base
d m
anua
l
NA
1,50
0 Fu
nctio
narie
s20
20
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.6
Con
duct
cas
cade
trai
ning
to
the
hous
ehol
ds
thro
ugh
fron
tline
wor
kers
fr
om d
iffer
ent s
ecto
rs
(agr
icul
ture
, hea
lth,
wom
en d
evel
opm
ent,
educ
atio
n et
c.)
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoH
,N
o. o
f hou
seho
ld
repr
esen
tativ
es tr
aine
dN
A3,
750
Hou
seho
ld
Repr
esen
tativ
es20
20
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.7
Mak
e di
strib
utio
n of
nut
ritio
nal r
atio
n m
anda
tory
thro
ugh
the
publ
ic in
stitu
tions
ta
rget
ing
the
food
defi
cit
and
hum
anita
rian
cri
sis
area
s for
the
bene
fit
of v
ulne
rabl
e gr
oups
in
clud
ing
child
ren,
pr
egna
nt a
nd la
ctat
ing
wom
en
MoA
D, M
oLD
, MoH
No.
of c
hild
ren,
pre
gnan
t w
omen
and
lact
atin
g w
omen
ben
efitin
g fr
om
acce
ss to
such
dis
trib
utio
n
Prac
tice
Exis
ts
All
Vuln
erab
le
Gro
ups L
ivin
g in
the
Food
D
efici
t and
H
uman
itari
an
Cri
sis A
reas
2025
47Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.8
Run
advo
cacy
pr
ogra
mm
es to
per
suad
e th
e ho
useh
olds
for
mai
ntai
ning
food
rese
rve
to o
verc
ome
poss
ible
se
ason
al sh
orta
ges a
nd
prov
ide
tech
nica
l sup
port
fo
r est
ablis
hing
impr
oved
st
orag
e fa
cilit
ies
MoA
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
# ad
voca
cy e
vent
s or
gani
zed
at d
istr
ict a
nd
VD
C le
vel
NA
100%
2020
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.9
Esta
blish
and
ope
rate
gr
ain
bank
s at t
he
com
mun
ity le
vel t
o m
eet
seas
onal
food
shor
tage
s by
mob
ilizi
ng lo
cal
orga
niza
tions
and
the
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs.
DoA
, DD
C, V
DC
% o
f hou
seho
lds l
inke
d to
th
e gr
ain
bank
s5%
25%
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
0
Mak
e pr
egna
nt w
omen
aw
are
of th
e ri
sk o
f co
nsum
ing
alco
hol a
nd
ciga
rette
s
MoH
,
% o
f pre
gnan
t wom
en
givi
ng u
p th
eir a
ddic
tion
of c
onsu
min
g al
coho
l and
ci
gare
ttes
NA
100%
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
1
Prov
ide
soci
al p
rote
ctio
n to
the
ultr
a-po
or/
vuln
erab
le g
roup
s with
fo
od a
ssis
tanc
e (th
roug
h th
e ac
tiviti
es su
ch a
s Fo
od S
tam
p an
d fo
od-f
or-
wor
k op
port
uniti
es, c
ash
tran
sfer
etc
.) in
the
food
de
ficit
area
s
MoC
PA, M
oAD
, D
oA, D
DC
, VD
C,
NFC
% o
f ultr
a-po
or
hous
ehol
ds b
enefi
ting
from
food
ass
ista
nce
activ
ities
NA
100%
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
2
Prom
ote
heal
th a
nd
nutr
ition
serv
ices
in th
e co
mm
unity
to in
crea
se th
e us
e of
serv
ices
MoA
D, M
oH
Prop
ortio
n of
U5
child
ren
mon
itore
d at
HF
for
grow
th a
nd c
ouns
eled
NA
100%
2025
Prop
ortio
n of
wom
en
coun
sele
d on
nut
ritio
n du
ring
AN
C c
heck
up
# of
Hom
e N
utrit
ion
Gar
den
esta
blish
ed a
t V
DC
leve
l
Act
ivity
2.2
.2.1
3Pr
omot
e fo
od a
nd
reci
pe d
emon
stra
tion
at
com
mun
ity le
vel
MoA
D, M
oH,
No.
of f
ood
and
reci
pe
dem
onst
ratio
n ac
tiviti
es
cond
ucte
d in
mot
her
grou
p at
VD
C le
vel
NA
750
Act
iviti
es20
25
48 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Out
put -
2.2
.3
Food
bas
ed n
utri
tion
rela
ted
advo
cacy
and
ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
com
pete
nce
of th
e fr
ontli
ne
wor
kers
, agr
icul
ture
ext
ensio
n w
orke
rs, s
ocia
l w
orke
rs a
nd h
ealth
pro
fess
iona
ls en
hanc
ed a
t all
leve
lsK
now
ledg
e of
fron
tline
wor
kers
, agr
icul
ture
ex
tens
ion
wor
kers
, soc
ial w
orke
rs a
nd h
ealth
pr
ofes
siona
ls in
crea
sed
on fo
od b
ased
nut
ritio
n
Adv
ocac
y ev
ents
co
nduc
ted
at a
ll le
vels
on
food
bas
ed n
utrit
ion
NA
100%
2025
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t Str
ateg
yFo
od a
nd N
utrit
ion
Secu
rity
Pla
n of
Act
ion
Mul
ti-Se
ctor
Nut
ritio
n Pl
anFo
od S
afet
y Po
licy
Nat
iona
l Hea
lth P
olic
y 20
14
Act
ivity
2.2
.3.1
Con
duct
adv
ocac
y ta
rget
ing
polic
y m
aker
s, pr
ogra
mm
e m
anag
ers
and
dist
rict
per
sonn
el
on n
utrit
ion
sens
itive
ag
ricul
ture
and
food
bas
ed
nutr
ition
MoA
D, M
oH, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
No.
of d
istr
icts
con
duct
ing
advo
cacy
Pro
gram
mes
NA
75 D
istr
icts
20
25N
o of
pol
icy
leve
l ad
voca
cy e
vent
s on
food
ba
sed
nutr
ition
(inv
olvi
ng
all s
ecto
rs)
Act
ivity
2.2
.3.2
Dev
elop
adv
ocac
y pa
ckag
e an
d po
licy
brie
fs,
com
mun
icat
ion
mat
eria
ls fo
r dis
sem
inat
ion
MoA
D, M
oH
Adv
ocac
y pa
ckag
e an
d po
licy
brie
fs
and
com
mun
icat
ion
mat
eria
ls de
velo
ped
and
diss
emin
ated
at a
ll le
vels
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Act
ivity
2.2
.3.3
Prom
ote
wom
en d
rudg
ery
redu
ctio
n an
d la
bor s
avin
g te
chno
logi
es fo
r foo
d an
d nu
triti
on se
curit
y
MoA
D, M
oH, ,
K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
, N
CD
B
% o
f wom
en a
cces
sing
labo
ur sa
ving
and
nu
triti
on se
curit
y re
late
d eq
uipm
ent a
nd to
ols f
or
use
NA
100%
20
25
Out
put -
2.2
.4N
utrit
ion
serv
ices
impr
oved
with
inte
grat
ion
of
heal
th se
rvic
es
% o
f act
iviti
es
impl
emen
ted
by
inte
grat
ing
impr
oved
he
alth
and
nut
ritio
n se
rvic
es
NA
100
%20
25
Mul
ti-Se
ctor
Nut
ritio
n Pl
anN
atio
nal H
ealth
Pol
icy
Nat
iona
l Nut
ritio
n Po
licy
and
Stra
tegy
Nat
iona
l IYC
F St
rate
gy
Act
ivity
2.2
.4.1
Dev
elop
nut
ritio
n pr
otoc
ol fo
r nut
ritio
n as
sess
men
t and
m
anag
emen
t for
the
heal
th se
rvic
e pr
ovid
ers
MoA
D, M
oHN
utri
tion
prot
ocol
de
velo
ped
for d
iffer
ent
leve
ls an
d pi
lote
dN
AN
utrit
ion
Prot
ocol
2020
Act
ivity
2.2
.4.2
Pilo
t IFA
supp
lem
enta
tion
appl
icab
le fo
r the
per
i-co
ncep
tual
and
ado
lesc
ent
peri
ods
MoA
D, M
oHN
o. o
f IFA
su
pple
men
tatio
n ac
tiviti
es
pilo
ted
NA
5 D
evel
opm
ent
Regi
ons
2020
Act
ivity
2.2
.4.3
Im
plem
ent I
FA
supp
lem
enta
tion
com
bine
d w
ith h
omes
tead
fo
od p
rodu
ctio
n
MoA
D, M
oH, M
oLD
No.
of d
istr
icts
cov
ered
by
the
IFA
supp
lem
enta
tion
prog
ram
me
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
49Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
2.2
.4.4
Inte
grat
e nu
triti
on
coun
selin
g at
diff
eren
t co
ntac
t poi
nts u
nder
he
alth
targ
etin
g th
e m
ater
nal a
nd c
hild
hea
lth
MoA
D, M
oH
Hea
lth se
rvic
e pa
ckag
es
of A
NC
/BPP
, CB-
IMN
CI,
FP in
clud
e nu
triti
on a
nd
impl
emen
ted
NA
100%
2025
Out
put -
2.2
.5
Mat
erna
l, In
fant
and
You
ng C
hild
Nut
ritio
n pr
actic
es im
prov
ed w
ith sp
ecia
l foc
us o
n im
prov
ing
the
diet
ary
dive
rsity
M
inim
um a
ccep
tabl
e di
et a
mon
g ch
ildre
n
Wom
en D
ieta
ry D
iver
sity
Incr
ease
dN
A10
0%20
25
Food
and
Nut
ritio
n Se
curi
ty P
lan
of A
ctio
nM
ulti-
Sect
or N
utrit
ion
Plan
Food
Saf
ety
Polic
yN
atio
nal H
ealth
Pol
icy
2014
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.1
Revi
ew, r
evis
e an
d de
velo
p tr
aini
ng
guid
elin
es, m
anua
ls an
d IE
C m
ater
ials
(with
focu
s on
hea
lthy
diet
, foo
d ba
sed
to im
prov
e di
etar
y di
vers
ity, c
ouns
elin
g sk
ills)
fo
r the
ben
efit o
f tra
inin
g to
the
preg
nant
wom
en,
lact
atin
g w
omen
and
ch
ildre
n an
d ch
ildre
n of
ag
e un
der 2
yea
rs
MoA
D, M
oH,
No.
of t
rain
ing
guid
elin
es,
man
uals
and
IEC
mat
eria
ls de
velo
ped
as w
ell a
s re
vise
d
NA
Revi
sed
Mat
eria
ls20
25
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.2
Use
ICT
to d
eliv
er S
BCC
m
essa
ges t
o fir
st 1
000
days
hou
seho
lds
MoA
D, M
oH,
% o
f firs
t 1,0
00 d
ays H
H
cove
red
thro
ugh
ICT
in
deliv
erin
g SB
CC
mes
sage
sN
A10
0%20
25
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.3
Dev
elop
reci
pe b
ook
for
com
plem
enta
ry fe
edin
g ba
sed
on th
e av
aila
bilit
y of
loca
l foo
ds (f
or e
ach
ecol
ogic
al re
gion
s) a
nd
prom
ote
thei
r util
izat
ion
in th
e co
mm
unity
MoA
D, M
oH
Ecol
ogic
al re
gion
s sp
ecifi
c re
cipe
boo
k fo
r com
plem
enta
ry
feed
ing
used
by
the
com
mun
ity d
evel
oped
and
di
ssem
inat
ed
NA
3 Re
cipe
Boo
ks
(One
eac
h fo
r the
hi
lls, m
ount
ains
an
d Te
rai)
2020
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.4
:
Prom
ote
diet
ary
dive
rsity
fo
r pre
gnan
t, la
ctat
ing
and
child
ren
unde
r 2 y
ears
of
age
MoA
D, M
oH,
Prop
ortio
n of
PLW
s ha
ving
kno
wle
dge
of
diet
ary
dive
rsity
NA
100
%20
25
Act
ivity
2.2
.5.5
Impr
ove
loca
l fee
ding
pr
actic
es th
roug
h im
prov
emen
t in
loca
l re
cipe
s (us
ing
TRI
PS
met
hodo
logy
)
MoA
D, M
oH,
TRI
P m
etho
dolo
gy to
im
prov
e lo
cal f
eedi
ng
reci
pes p
ilote
dN
A75
%20
25
Out
com
e - 2
.3En
ablin
g en
viro
nmen
t cre
ated
for m
ulti-
sect
or
coor
dina
tion
for c
oher
ent,
func
tiona
l and
co
ncer
ted
actio
ns fo
r nut
ritio
n at
all
leve
ls
Mul
ti-se
ctor
coo
rdin
atio
n sy
stem
est
ablis
hed
at a
ll le
vels
NA
Coo
rdin
atio
n M
aint
aine
d20
25
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t Str
ateg
yFo
od a
nd N
utrit
ion
Secu
rity
Pla
n of
Act
ion
Mul
ti-Se
ctor
Nut
ritio
n Pl
an
50 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Out
put -
2.3
.1
Inst
itutio
nal a
s wel
l as h
uman
reso
urce
cap
acity
of
the
gove
rnm
ent s
ecto
r fun
ctio
narie
s im
prov
ed fo
r ad
dres
sing
the
issu
e of
food
and
nut
ritio
n se
curit
y at
all
leve
ls
# of
wor
kfor
ce fr
om a
ll co
ncer
ned
sect
ors t
rain
ed
on fo
od b
ased
nut
ritio
n at
al
l lev
els
NA
1,50
0 G
over
nmen
t Fu
nctio
narie
s20
25
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t Str
ateg
yFo
od a
nd N
utrit
ion
Secu
rity
Pla
n of
Act
ion
Mul
ti-Se
ctor
Nut
ritio
n Pl
an
Act
ivity
2.3
.3.1
Cap
acity
bui
ldin
g of
he
alth
and
non
-hea
lth
sect
or fu
nctio
narie
s on
food
bas
ed n
utrit
ion
MoH
, MoA
D, M
oLD
No.
of h
ealth
and
non
-he
alth
sect
or fu
nctio
narie
s tr
aine
d on
food
bas
ed
nutr
ition
200
Pers
ons
3,75
0 Pe
rson
s20
25
Act
ivity
2.3
.3.2
In-c
ount
ry a
s wel
l out
-co
untr
y co
llabo
ratio
n an
d ex
posu
re to
agr
o-ba
sed
proj
ects
and
food
bas
ed
nutr
ition
pro
gram
mes
MoA
D, M
oH, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
No.
of i
n-co
untr
y an
d ou
t-co
untr
y ex
posu
re a
ctiv
ities
or
gani
zed
NA
10 A
ctiv
ities
2025
Act
ivity
2.3
.3.3
Prom
ote
form
al a
nd
info
rmal
edu
catio
nal
serv
ices
(e.g
. SH
N, E
CD
, pa
rent
al c
ouns
ellin
g et
c.)
to k
eep
the
nutr
ition
al
beha
viou
r int
act
MoA
D, M
oH, M
oE
Nut
ritio
n in
non
-for
mal
ed
ucat
ion
curr
icul
um
inte
grat
ed
Nut
ritio
n se
ssio
ns d
urin
g in
form
al e
duca
tion
cond
ucte
d
NA
2000
2025
PILL
AR
– II
IA
LL F
OO
D S
YST
EMS
ARE
SU
STA
INA
BLE
Out
com
e - 3
.1Su
stai
nabl
y m
anag
ed p
rodu
ctiv
e na
tura
l res
ourc
es
for f
ood
prod
uctio
n
% o
f far
mer
s eng
aged
in
food
pro
duce
d w
ith
rene
wab
le m
anag
emen
t of
pro
duct
ive
natu
ral
reso
urce
s
NA
100%
2025
Out
put -
3.1
.1W
ater
shed
safe
guar
ded
agai
nst d
eter
iora
tion
Con
trol
mea
sure
s tak
en
agai
nst t
he d
eter
iora
tion
poin
ts id
entifi
edPr
actic
e Ex
ists
Con
trol
Mea
sure
s A
pplie
d20
25
Act
ivity
3.1
.1.1
Ass
ess t
he n
atur
e an
d st
atus
of t
he w
ater
shed
at
diff
eren
t tim
e in
terv
als
(eve
ry th
ree
year
s)
MoP
E, M
oST,
MoF
SC,
IUC
N, U
NEP
,AD
B,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
No.
of s
tudi
es c
ondu
cted
on
diff
eren
t eco
logi
cal
belts
in a
n in
terv
al o
f thr
ee
year
s
NA
3 St
udie
s20
25
Nat
iona
l Lan
d U
tiliz
atio
n Po
licy,
2069
;N
atio
nal W
ater
Pla
n; W
ater
Res
ourc
es S
trat
egy
Soil
and
Wat
ersh
edC
onse
rvat
ion
Act
, 198
2;
Land
Act
, 196
4;;
Envi
ronm
enta
l Pro
tect
ion
Act
, 19
96;
Fore
st A
ct, 1
993;
W
ater
Res
ourc
e A
ct, 1
992;
Loca
l Sel
f-G
over
nanc
e A
ct, 1
999;
Chu
ria
Wat
ersh
ed M
anag
emen
t Pr
ojec
tIr
riga
tion
and
Wat
er R
esou
rces
M
anag
emen
t Pro
ject
51Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
3.1
.1.2
Mak
e la
nd u
se a
nd w
ater
m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es
cons
erva
tion-
sens
itive
MoF
SC, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
No.
of f
arm
ers t
rain
ed a
nd
appl
ying
con
serv
atio
n-fr
iend
ly la
nd u
se a
nd w
ater
m
anag
emen
t pra
ctic
es
NA
18,7
50 P
erso
ns20
25
Act
ivity
3.1
.1.3
Iden
tify
and
appl
y m
easu
res a
gain
st
dete
riora
ting
cond
ition
s of
the
wat
ersh
eds
MoP
E, M
oST,
MoF
SC,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
Stud
ies c
ondu
cted
to
iden
tify
the
prob
lem
ar
eas a
nd a
pply
con
trol
m
easu
res
NA
2 St
udie
s (O
ne
each
in th
e H
ill
and
Mou
ntai
n)20
25
Act
ivity
3.1
.1.4
Enfo
rce
envi
ronm
enta
l qu
ality
stan
dard
s in
line
with
the
Fore
st
Man
agem
ent G
uide
lines
MoA
D, M
oPE,
MoS
T,
MoF
SC, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
HH
farm
ers e
ngag
ed in
vo
lunt
eerin
g co
mpl
ianc
e to
on-
farm
and
off-
farm
w
ater
con
serv
atio
n pr
actic
es
NA
5000
2025
Envi
ronm
ent P
rote
ctio
n A
ct a
nd
Rule
s, 19
97
Act
ivity
3.1
.1.5
Enfo
rce
the
Dis
aste
r M
anag
emen
t Act
to
cont
rol f
arm
-indu
ced
degr
adat
ion
of la
nd a
nd
wat
er re
sour
ces
MoF
SC, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
Redu
ce a
ffect
ed la
nd
area
and
wat
er so
urce
s co
ntro
lled
from
de
grad
atio
n
2%1%
2025
Envi
ronm
ent P
rote
ctio
n A
ct a
nd
Rule
s, 19
97N
atio
nal S
trat
egy
for D
isas
ter R
isk
Man
agem
ent i
n N
epal
,In
tegr
ated
Wat
er R
esou
rce
Man
agem
ent P
roje
ct (I
WRM
P);
Com
mun
ity M
anag
ed Ir
rigat
ed
Agr
icul
ture
Sec
tor P
roje
ct
(Agr
icul
ture
);
Act
ivity
3.1
.1.6
Incr
ease
com
mun
ity
part
icip
atio
n in
man
agin
g de
grad
ed fa
rm a
nd fo
rest
ar
eas
MoF
SC, C
omm
unity
, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
No.
of d
istr
icts
mob
ilizi
ng
com
mun
ity to
pre
vent
da
mag
e in
the
leas
ehol
d fo
rest
are
a an
d an
imal
pa
stur
es
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Nat
iona
l Str
ateg
y fo
r Dis
aste
r Risk
M
anag
emen
t in
Nep
al
Out
put -
3.1
.2
Farm
wat
er a
nd so
il m
anag
ed b
y re
tain
ing
thei
r co
ntrib
utio
ns to
pro
duct
ive
uses
% o
f suc
cess
ful m
aint
enan
ce o
f soi
l qua
lity
with
pr
oper
soil
man
agem
ent c
are
% o
f suc
cess
ful r
etai
ning
of
farm
wat
er su
pply
with
the
adop
tion
of c
onse
rvat
ion
prac
tices
NA
50%
2025
NA
50%
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
Prom
ote
sust
aina
ble
man
agem
ent o
f soi
l and
fa
rm w
ater
MoI
rr.,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
% o
f far
mer
s fam
iliar
with
su
stai
nabl
e m
anag
emen
t of
soil
and
farm
wat
er
reso
urce
s
NA
100%
2025
Nat
iona
l Wat
er P
lan;
Wat
er
Reso
urce
s Str
ateg
y;So
il Te
st a
nd Im
prov
emen
t Se
rvic
e Pr
ogra
mm
e
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.2
Con
trol
uns
usta
inab
le
use
of la
nd a
nd o
ther
ec
osys
tem
reso
urce
s
MoP
E, M
oST,
MoA
D,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
Enfo
rce
polic
ies,
law
s and
re
gula
tions
to p
enal
ize
wro
ng d
oers
Polic
ies E
xist
Polic
es a
nd A
cts
Enfo
rced
2025
Nat
iona
l Lan
d U
tiliz
atio
n Po
licy,
2069
;So
il Te
st a
nd Im
prov
emen
t Se
rvic
e Pr
ogra
mm
e
52 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.3
Prom
ote
adop
tion
of
tech
nolo
gies
con
trib
utin
g to
sust
ain
agri
cultu
re
MoA
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
% o
f far
mer
s app
lyin
g de
grad
atio
n sa
fe
tech
nolo
gies
in c
ultiv
atin
g th
eir a
gric
ultu
ral l
and
NA
100%
2025
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Ada
ptat
ion
and
Dis
aste
r Risk
Man
agem
ent i
n A
gric
ultu
re;
Soil
Test
and
Impr
ovem
ent
Serv
ice
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.4
Prom
ote
adop
tion
of
orga
nic
farm
ing
prac
tices
to
redu
ce d
epen
denc
y on
ch
emic
al fe
rtili
zers
and
pe
stic
ides
MoA
D, D
oA, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O%
of f
arm
ers a
pply
ing
IPM
/GA
P pr
actic
esN
A50
%20
25N
atio
nal A
gric
ultu
re P
olic
y, 20
04;
Tea,
Coff
ee a
nd C
arda
mom
D
evel
opm
ent B
oard
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.5
Rest
rict i
nves
tmen
ts th
at
dam
age
sust
aina
bilit
y of
na
tura
l res
ourc
es.
MoL
JPA
, MoA
D,
DD
C, V
DC
, Kri
shak
Sa
njal
, PO
Law
s, re
gula
tions
and
po
licie
s app
lied
to
disc
oura
ge
inve
stm
ents
that
ne
gativ
ely
affec
t su
stai
nabi
lity
of th
e na
tura
l res
ourc
es
NA
Law
s Enf
orce
d20
25En
viro
nmen
t Pro
tect
ion
Act
and
Ru
les,
1997
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.6
Prom
otio
n of
bio
dive
rsity
co
nser
vatio
n pr
actic
es
MoP
E, M
oST,
MoA
D,
MoF
SC, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
No.
of f
arm
ers t
rain
ed to
fa
mili
ar w
ith m
etho
ds o
f en
viro
nmen
tal c
are
and
biod
iver
sity
cons
erva
tion
NA
18,7
50 P
erso
ns20
25N
epal
Bio
dive
rsity
Str
ateg
y, En
viro
nmen
t Pro
tect
ion
Act
and
Ru
les,
1997
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.7
Prom
ote
cons
erva
tion
sens
itive
agr
icul
ture
M
oFSC
, MoA
D,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PON
o. o
f far
mer
s tra
ined
on
cons
erva
tion
agric
ultu
re
NA
18,7
50 P
erso
ns20
25N
epal
Bio
dive
rsity
Str
ateg
y, En
viro
nmen
t Pro
tect
ion
Act
and
Ru
les,
1997
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.8
Prov
ide
ince
ntiv
e to
the
com
mun
ities
pro
mot
ing
sust
aina
ble
use
of
reso
urce
s.
MoF
SC, M
oAD
, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
No.
of c
omm
uniti
es
rew
arde
d fo
r sus
tain
able
us
e of
reso
urce
s.N
A75
Sel
ecte
d C
omm
uniti
es(O
ne p
er D
istr
ict)
2025
Envi
ronm
ent P
rote
ctio
n A
ct a
nd
Rule
s, 19
97
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.9
Mai
ntai
n la
nd, w
ater
an
d en
ergy
nex
us in
tact
in
the
inte
rven
tions
for
deve
lopm
ent
MoL
RM, M
oWSS
M
oEn,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
Act
iviti
es p
lann
ed a
nd
impl
emen
ted
crea
ting
syne
rgy
amon
g th
e us
e of
re
late
d re
sour
ces n
exus
NA
Coo
rdin
ated
Pl
ans
2025
Envi
ronm
ent P
rote
ctio
n A
ct a
nd
Rule
s, 19
97
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
0
App
ly re
new
abili
ty
as a
crit
erio
n in
the
cons
erva
tion
and
utili
zatio
n of
land
, w
ater
and
bio
-div
ersit
y re
sour
ces
MoA
D, M
oFSC
, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
Rule
s for
the
rene
wab
ility
of
reso
urce
s mad
e m
anda
tory
in th
e ut
iliza
tion
of re
sour
ces
NA
Rule
s Enf
orce
d20
25En
viro
nmen
t Pro
tect
ion
Act
and
Ru
les,
1997
; Nep
al B
iodi
vers
ity
Stra
tegy
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
1
Prom
ote
slopi
ng
agric
ultu
re la
nd
tech
nolo
gy in
the
mid
and
hi
gh h
ills
MoF
SC, M
oAD
No.
of m
id a
nd h
ill
dist
ricts
cov
ered
NA
52 D
istr
icts
2025
53Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
2St
reng
then
Gen
e Ba
nk fo
r th
e pr
otec
tion
of n
ativ
e sp
ecie
s
MoA
D, M
oPE,
M
oFSC
, MoF
ALD
% o
f far
mer
s obt
aini
ng
Gen
e Ba
nk se
rvic
es fr
om
NA
RCN
A25
%20
25En
viro
nmen
t Pro
tect
ion
Act
and
Ru
les,
1997
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
3A
pply
trad
ition
al
know
ledg
e fo
r sus
tain
able
us
e of
nat
ural
reso
urce
s.
MoA
D, M
oPE,
M
oFSC
, Kri
shak
Sa
njal
, PO
% o
f hou
seho
lds a
pply
ing
trad
ition
al p
ract
ices
to
prev
ent n
egat
ive
effec
ts
for s
usta
inab
ility
of t
he
natu
ral r
esou
rces
NA
50%
2025
Envi
ronm
ent P
rote
ctio
n A
ct a
nd
Rule
s, 19
97
Act
ivity
3.1
.2.1
4
Con
duct
agr
o-fo
rest
ry
activ
ities
in c
olla
bora
tion
with
the
Fore
st a
nd S
oil
Con
serv
atio
n M
inis
try
MoA
D, M
oFSC
, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
No.
of j
oint
act
iviti
es
laun
ched
on
agro
-for
estr
y in
the
dist
ricts
N
A15
0 A
ctiv
ities
2025
Envi
ronm
ent P
rote
ctio
n A
ct a
nd
Rule
s, 19
97
Out
put -
3.1
.3Fa
rmer
s’ ca
paci
ty st
reng
then
ed to
cop
e w
ith th
e ad
vers
e eff
ects
of c
limat
e ch
ange
and
nat
ural
di
sast
ers
Prop
ortio
n of
farm
ho
useh
olds
in a
co
mm
unity
con
fiden
t to
cope
aga
inst
the
adve
rse
effec
ts o
f CC
ND
NA
50%
2025
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.1
Trai
n fa
rmer
s to
cope
w
ith th
e ad
vers
e eff
ects
of
clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd
natu
ral d
isas
ters
MoP
E, M
oFSC
, M
oAD
, WB,
Kri
shak
Sa
njal
, PO
% o
f far
mer
s pre
pare
d to
m
anag
e th
e ad
vers
e eff
ects
of
CC
ND
NA
50
%
2020
Stra
tegi
c Pr
ogra
mm
e fo
r Clim
ate
Resil
ienc
e;Pi
lot P
rogr
amm
e fo
r Clim
ate
Resil
ienc
e (P
PCR)
: Bu
ildin
g Re
silie
nce
to C
limat
e Re
late
d H
azar
ds (a
gric
ultu
re m
anag
emen
t in
form
atio
n sy
stem
)
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.2
Stre
ngth
en th
e ro
le o
f N
atio
nal I
nfor
mat
ion
and
Early
War
ning
Sys
tem
(N
IEW
S) in
info
rmin
g po
ssib
le a
dver
se e
ffect
s of
CC
ND
.
DoH
M, D
oA, D
LS,
MoA
D, M
oPE,
M
oFSC
, WB
% o
f far
mer
s acc
essin
g ea
rly w
arni
ng m
essa
ges
to p
repa
re th
emse
lves
ag
ains
t the
adv
erse
effe
cts
of C
CN
D
NA
50
%
2025
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.3
Con
duct
rese
arch
on
clim
ate
resil
ient
ag
ricul
ture
dev
elop
men
t pr
actic
es
MoA
D, A
RCs,
Uni
vers
ities
Rese
arch
cen
tres
, un
iver
sitie
s and
aca
dem
ia
enga
ged
in c
ondu
ctin
g re
sear
ch o
n cl
imat
e re
silie
nt a
gric
ultu
ral
prac
tices
NA
Rese
arch
Rep
orts
2025
Stra
tegi
c Pr
ogra
mm
e fo
r Clim
ate
Resil
ienc
e
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.4
Prom
ote
stre
ss to
lera
nt
crop
ping
pat
tern
s and
pr
actic
es
MoA
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
% o
f far
mer
s cul
tivat
ing
stre
ss-t
oler
ant v
arie
ties
and
follo
win
g re
late
d pr
actic
es
NA
50%
2025
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2004
;
54 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.5
Impl
emen
t bio
-en
gine
erin
g m
easu
res f
or
redu
ctio
n of
the
adve
rse
effec
ts o
f nat
ural
dis
aste
rs
MoA
D, M
oPE,
M
oFSC
, Kri
shak
Sa
njal
, PO
Com
mun
ities
in e
ach
dist
rict a
pply
ing
envi
ronm
ent-
frie
ndly
te
chno
logi
es (s
uch
as
plan
tatio
n of
tree
s) to
pr
even
t soi
l ero
sion
and
flood
)
NA
20%
C
omm
uniti
es in
Ea
ch D
istr
ict
2025
Nat
iona
l Str
ateg
y fo
r Dis
aste
r Risk
M
anag
emen
t in
Nep
al
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.6
Use
Loc
al A
dapt
atio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e of
Act
ion
(LA
PA) a
s a d
istr
ict p
lan
coor
dina
tion
guid
e
DoA
, MoP
E,
MoF
SC
Com
mun
ities
ben
efitin
g fr
om th
e ap
plic
atio
n of
LA
PA p
rovi
sions
in a
ll di
stric
ts
75 D
istr
icts
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
Ada
ptat
ion
and
Dis
aste
r Risk
Man
agem
ent i
n A
gric
ultu
re;
PPC
R : B
uild
ing
Resil
ienc
e to
Clim
ate
Rela
ted
Haz
ards
(a
gric
ultu
re m
anag
emen
t in
form
atio
n sy
stem
)
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.7
Incl
ude
Dis
aste
r Risk
M
anag
emen
t (D
RM) a
s on
e of
the
com
pone
nts i
n th
e ag
ricu
ltura
l and
rura
l de
velo
pmen
t pla
ns a
t the
di
stric
t lev
el
MoA
D, M
oPE,
MoF
SC,
WB
Dis
tric
t Agr
icul
ture
and
Ru
ral D
evel
opm
ent P
lans
ad
dres
sing
the
DRM
issu
esPr
actic
e Ex
its75
Dis
tric
ts20
25
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.8
Repl
icat
e be
st p
ract
ices
le
arne
d fr
om th
e pi
lote
d ex
perie
nce
of ri
sk-p
rone
ar
eas
MoA
D, M
oPE,
MoF
SC,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PON
o. o
f dis
tric
ts a
pply
ing
repl
icat
ed b
est p
ract
ices
N
A75
Dis
tric
ts20
25
Act
ivity
3.1
.3.9
Prev
ent s
easo
nal f
ood
supp
ly sh
orta
ges b
y de
cent
raliz
ing
rese
rve
at
the
dist
rict
NFC
, MoA
D,
MoC
, MoS
Emer
genc
y fo
od re
serv
es
esta
blish
ed in
all
dist
ricts
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2004
Out
put –
3.1
.4La
nd re
form
pra
ctic
es a
pplie
d / i
mpr
oved
Land
adm
inis
trat
ion
prac
tices
impr
oved
NA
App
licat
ion
of Im
prov
ed
Prac
tices
2025
Act
ivity
3.1
.4.1
Trai
n se
rvic
e pr
ovid
ers o
n la
nd su
rvey
and
land
use
m
appi
ngM
oLRM
No.
of s
taff
trai
ned
NA
750
Pers
ons
2020
Nat
iona
l Lan
d U
tiliz
atio
n Po
licy,
2069
;
Act
ivity
3.1
.4.2
Ensu
re u
tiliz
atio
n of
land
un
der t
he a
gro-
ecol
ogic
al
zoni
ng c
riter
iaM
oLRM
, MoA
D
Land
man
agem
ent
plan
s com
plyi
ng w
ith
the
crite
ria
set f
or a
gro-
ecol
ogic
al z
onin
g
NA
100
%
Com
plia
nce
to th
e La
nd
Man
agem
ent
Plan
s
2025
Envi
ronm
ent P
rote
ctio
n A
ct a
nd
Rule
s, 19
97
Act
ivity
3.1
.4.3
Util
ize
Land
Info
rmat
ion
Serv
ice
(LIS
) fac
ility
for
deve
lopi
ng th
e la
nd u
se
plan
s and
mon
itorin
g im
plem
ente
d ac
tiviti
es
MoA
D, M
oLRM
, M
oFSC
, C
BS
Up
to d
ate
info
rmat
ion
mai
ntai
ned
in L
IS a
nd th
e La
nd U
se P
lans
dev
elop
ed
and
impl
emen
ted
usin
g su
ch in
form
atio
n
NA
Land
Use
Pla
ns
Mak
ing
Use
of
LIS
Dat
abas
e20
25
Nat
iona
l Lan
d U
tiliz
atio
n Po
licy,
2069
;A
gric
ultu
re D
evel
opm
ent
Stra
tegy
, 201
5
55Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
3.1
.4.4
Dis
cour
age
conv
ersio
n of
agr
icul
tura
l lan
d fo
r th
e pu
rpos
e of
non
-ag
ricu
ltura
l use
MoP
E, M
oST,
MoA
D,
MoL
RM, M
oFSC
, M
oLJP
A, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
Land
use
syst
em e
nfor
ced
as p
er th
e La
nd U
se P
olic
y 20
10
NA
Regu
latio
ns
Enfo
rced
2025
Nat
iona
l Lan
d U
tiliz
atio
n Po
licy,
2069
;Pe
nalty
impo
sed
by
appl
ying
law
s and
re
gula
tions
aga
inst
the
conv
ersio
n of
agr
icul
tura
l la
nd fo
r the
use
of n
on-
appr
oved
pur
pose
Out
com
e 3.
2Q
ualit
y an
d sa
fety
stan
dard
s mai
ntai
ned
in th
e fo
od c
hain
s
Act
ors o
f the
food
val
ue
chai
ns m
aint
aini
ng q
ualit
y an
d sa
fety
stan
dard
sN
A10
0%20
25
Out
put -
3.2
.1Fo
od h
andl
ing
syst
em fo
unde
d w
ith n
atio
nal
qual
ity a
nd sa
fety
stan
dard
s
Food
tran
sact
ions
fo
unde
d in
line
with
the
natio
nal q
ualit
y an
d sa
fety
st
anda
rds
NA
100%
2025
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.1
Set m
anda
tory
qua
lity
and
safe
ty re
quire
men
ts
for t
he m
ajor
con
sum
able
fo
od it
ems
DFT
QC
, MoA
D
Prop
ortio
n of
com
plia
nce
to th
e IS
O 2
000
and
Cod
ex
Alim
enta
rius s
tand
ards
m
aint
aine
d
NA
100%
2025
Agr
ibus
ines
s Pro
mot
ion
Polic
y, 20
06;
Food
Nut
ritio
n an
d Te
chno
logy
Pr
ogra
mm
ePo
licie
s and
regu
latio
ns
set f
or c
ompl
ianc
e to
th
e IS
O 2
000
and
Cod
ex
Alim
enta
rius s
tand
ards
.
NA
Polic
ies a
nd
Regu
latio
n A
pplie
d
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.2
Dis
sem
inat
e in
form
atio
n am
ong
the
stak
ehol
ders
ab
out t
he m
anda
tory
fo
od q
ualit
y an
d sa
fety
re
quire
men
ts to
be
met
DFT
QC
, MoA
D
% o
f pro
duce
r far
mer
s, pr
oces
sors
, tra
ders
and
co
nsum
ers a
war
e ab
out
the
qual
ity a
nd sa
fety
st
anda
rd e
nvis
aged
for t
he
food
pro
duct
s
NA
100%
2020
Food
Nut
ritio
n an
d Te
chno
logy
Pr
ogra
mm
e
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.3
Stre
ngth
en re
gula
tory
m
echa
nism
s for
the
mon
itorin
g of
qua
lity
and
safe
ty o
f foo
d pr
oduc
ts
DFT
QC
, MoA
D
Verifi
catio
n of
nut
ritio
nal
prop
ertie
s, ch
emic
al
cont
ents
, and
pos
sible
he
alth
risk
of t
he v
alue
ch
ain
prod
ucts
NA
50%
20
25Fo
od N
utri
tion
and
Tech
nolo
gy
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.4
Stre
ngth
en th
e ca
paci
ty o
f na
tiona
l foo
d la
bora
tory
to
offe
ring
food
for s
afet
y an
d qu
ality
test
serv
ices
fo
r acc
redi
tatio
n
DFT
QC
, MoA
DFo
od sa
mpl
es te
sted
at
the
natio
nal l
abor
ator
y fo
r qu
ality
cer
tifica
tion
NA
10%
20
25
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.5
Enac
t and
impl
emen
t N
atio
nal B
iose
curit
y Po
licy
MoA
D, M
oPE,
N
atio
nal B
iose
curit
y Po
licy
enac
ted
and
impl
emen
ted
NA
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
Pol
icy
2020
56 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.6
Esta
blish
com
mun
ity-
base
d fo
od h
andl
ing
syst
ems
MoA
D, N
FCN
o. o
f foo
d ha
ndlin
g en
terp
rise
s pilo
ted
at th
e lo
cal c
omm
unity
leve
lN
A37
5 Pi
lote
d En
terp
rise
s20
25
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.7
Prom
ote
cont
ribut
ion
of lo
cal/t
radi
tiona
l foo
d in
the
food
men
u w
ith
supp
ort f
or a
subs
idiz
ed
selli
ng ra
te
MoA
D, N
FC
No.
of d
istr
icts
cov
ered
by
the
supp
ly o
f tra
ditio
nal /
in
dige
nous
food
item
s at
a su
bsid
ized
pric
e in
the
food
defi
cit a
reas
NA
32 D
istr
icts
2025
Act
ivity
3.2
.1.8
Impl
emen
t Pes
t Risk
A
naly
sis S
yste
m (P
RA) i
n th
e qu
aran
tine
MoA
D, D
oA
App
licat
ion
of P
est R
isk
Ana
lysi
s Sys
tem
bro
ught
in
to p
ract
ice
by a
ll Q
uara
ntin
e C
heck
Pos
t
NA
Each
Qua
rant
ine
Che
ck P
ost i
n th
e co
untr
y20
25
Out
put -
3.2
.2A
cces
s to
food
cha
in m
arke
ts im
prov
ed
100%
val
ue c
hain
pr
oces
ses h
avin
g co
nfirm
ed a
cces
s to
mar
ket
NA
100%
Acc
ess t
o M
arke
t 20
25
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.1
Stan
dard
ize
grad
ing
of
agric
ultu
ral p
rodu
cts f
or
mar
ketin
g
DFT
QC
, MoA
DD
oA, D
LS
% o
f pro
duce
rs su
pply
ing
grad
ed m
ater
ials
to th
e m
arke
tN
A50
%20
25
Agr
icul
tura
l Per
spec
tive
Plan
M
onito
ring
and
Coo
rdin
atio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e,
Live
stoc
k Se
rvic
e Ex
tens
ion
Prog
ram
me,
Agr
ibus
ines
s Pr
omot
ion
Polic
y, 20
06;
Agr
o Bu
sines
s Pro
mot
ion
and
Mar
ket D
evel
opm
ent P
rogr
amm
e
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.2
Prom
ote
acce
ss to
mar
ket
for a
ll ag
ribus
ines
s val
ue
chai
nsM
oAD
, FN
CC
I%
of f
arm
ers l
inke
d w
ith
the
stab
le m
arke
tsN
A10
0%20
25
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.3
Con
trol
mar
ket p
rice
dist
ortio
nsM
oAD
, NC
DB
Polic
ies,
acts
, rul
es a
nd
regu
latio
ns a
pplie
d ag
ains
t art
ifici
al p
ricin
g an
d ho
ardi
ng o
f pro
duct
s fo
r the
pric
e sp
ecul
atio
n pu
rpos
e
NA
Polic
ies a
nd A
cts
Enfo
rced
2025
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.4
Prom
ote
exch
ange
of
mar
ket p
rice
info
rmat
ion
MoA
D, D
OA
, DLS
, D
AD
O, D
LSO
, NC
DB
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r pr
oduc
ers,
proc
esso
rs a
nd
trad
ers a
cces
sing
mar
ket
pric
e in
form
atio
n w
ith
the
appl
icat
ion
of IC
T
faci
litie
s
NA
100%
2025
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.5
Stre
ngth
en in
form
atio
n co
llect
ion,
ana
lysi
s and
re
port
ing
capa
city
for
effec
tive
diss
emin
atio
n of
ag
ricul
tura
l pric
e st
atis
tics
MoA
DU
p to
dat
e co
llect
ion,
an
alys
is a
nd d
isse
min
atio
n of
info
rmat
ion
regu
lari
zed
NA
Upd
ated
In
form
atio
n in
C
ircul
atio
n20
25
Agr
icul
ture
Dev
elop
men
t St
rate
gy, 2
014;
Live
stoc
k M
arke
t Pro
mot
ion
Prog
ram
me
57Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.6
Con
trol
una
utho
rize
d co
llect
ion
of ta
xes d
urin
g tr
ansf
er o
f the
agr
icul
tura
l pr
oduc
ts a
cros
s the
vi
llage
s and
dis
tric
ts
MoF
, MoA
D, M
oLJP
A,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
Law
s aga
inst
the
unau
thor
ized
col
lect
ion
of
dupl
icat
e ta
xes e
nfor
ced
NA
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
Law
2020
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.7
Mon
itor d
rug
resid
ues
in th
e ag
ricu
ltura
l co
mm
oditi
es (e
.g. m
ilk,
mea
t, ho
ney,
tea
and
coffe
e) to
be
mar
kete
d
MoA
D, M
oC,
MoS
,DFT
QC
Mar
ketin
g of
cer
tified
pr
oduc
tsN
AC
ertifi
catio
n A
rran
gem
ents
in
Plac
e20
25
Nat
iona
l Tea
Pol
icy,
2057
; N
atio
nal C
offee
Pol
icy,
2060
; N
atio
nal A
gric
ultu
re P
olic
y, 20
04;
Tea,
Coff
ee a
nd C
arda
mom
D
evel
opm
ent B
oard
Trad
e Po
licy,
2009
; N
atio
nal T
rade
Inte
grat
ion
Stra
tegy
, 201
0
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.8
Enco
urag
e ad
optio
n of
po
wer
-bas
ed te
chno
logi
es
in th
e pr
oces
sing
of
agri
cultu
ral p
rodu
cts
AEP
C, D
oM, D
CSI
, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
,NEA
,DFT
QC
% o
f pro
cess
ors a
pply
ing
pow
er b
ased
tech
nolo
gies
fo
r the
val
ue c
hain
sN
A50
%20
25
Agr
o Bu
sines
s Pro
mot
ion
Polic
y, 20
06;
Agr
o Bu
sines
s Pro
mot
ion
and
Mar
ket D
evel
opm
ent P
rogr
amm
e
Act
ivity
3.2
.2.9
Prom
ote
the
use
of
alte
rnat
e so
urce
s of
ener
gy in
the
valu
e ch
ain
oper
atio
ns
MoA
D, M
oST,
MO
I, M
oEn,
DC
SI, C
SID
B,
AEP
C, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
% o
f agr
o-pr
oces
sing
indu
strie
s mak
ing
use
of
mec
hani
cal p
ower
sour
ces
(ele
ctric
ity, s
olar
, die
sel
ener
gy o
r bio
-ene
rgy)
NA
50%
2025
Indu
stri
al P
olic
y, 20
67;
Food
Cri
sis R
espo
nse
Prog
ram
me
PILL
AR
– IV
100
% IN
CRE
ASE
IN S
MA
LLH
OLD
ER P
ROD
UC
TIV
ITY
AN
D IN
CO
ME
Out
com
e –
4.1
Prod
uctiv
ity o
f cro
p an
d liv
esto
ck in
crea
sed
to
doub
le th
e in
com
e of
smal
lhol
der f
arm
s
Cro
ps a
nd li
vest
ock
prod
uctio
n do
uble
d an
d m
arke
ted
NA
Dou
bled
Inco
me
2025
Out
put -
4.1
.1In
com
e of
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers i
ncre
ased
from
the
adop
tion
of a
grib
usin
ess c
rop
prod
uctio
n pr
actic
es Pr
opor
tion
of fa
rmer
s en
gage
d in
agr
ibus
ines
s ac
tiviti
esN
A50
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.1
Con
duct
ba
selin
e su
rvey
of
sm
allh
olde
rs o
n th
eir
prod
uctiv
ity a
nd in
com
e
MoA
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
Benc
hmar
k of
pro
duct
ivity
(in
clud
ing
culti
vatio
n pr
actic
es)
and
inco
me
of
smal
lhol
ders
est
ablis
hed
in
all d
istr
icts
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2020
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.2
Intr
oduc
e vo
uche
r sy
stem
to
in
crea
se
acce
ss
of
smal
lhol
ders
on
in
puts
an
d ex
tens
ion
serv
ices
MoA
D, M
oLD
No.
of
dist
ricts
app
lyin
g vo
uche
r sy
stem
fo
r ex
tend
ing
supp
ort s
ervi
ces
for t
he sm
allh
olde
rs
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2025
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.3
App
ly
conc
essio
nal
taxe
s an
d du
ties
on t
he
agric
ultu
re
mac
hine
ries
and
tool
s
MoA
D, M
oF, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r fa
rmer
s ob
tain
ing
bene
fit o
f fr
om
conc
essio
nal t
axes
app
lied
NA
50%
2025
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.4
Esta
blish
new
col
lect
ion
and
mar
ket c
entr
esM
oAD
, DO
A, N
CD
BN
o. o
f mar
ket f
acili
ties
esta
blish
edN
A75
0 U
nits
2025
58 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.5
Enga
ge sm
allh
olde
r fa
rmer
s to
incr
ease
thei
r ec
onom
ies o
f sca
le w
ith
colle
ctiv
e pr
oduc
tion
prac
tices
MoA
D, D
oA, D
aDC
, N
CD
B
No.
of s
mal
lhol
der
prod
uctio
n gr
oups
/ co
oper
ativ
es in
volv
ed in
co
llect
ive
prod
uctio
n
NA
750
Gro
ups
2025
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.6
App
ly sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s fo
cuse
d ex
tens
ion
serv
ices
MoA
D, D
oA,
MoL
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
FFS
appr
oach
follo
wed
for
agri
cultu
re e
xten
sion
Valu
e ch
ain
appr
oach
Serv
ice
Exis
tsSe
rvic
e Ta
rget
s D
oubl
ed20
25
Agr
icul
ture
Ext
ensio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e;Li
vest
ock
Serv
ice
Exte
nsio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.7
Stre
ngth
en fa
rm
man
agem
ent c
apac
ity o
f th
e sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
sM
oAD
, DoA
, NC
DB
No.
of p
rodu
cers
/ sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s tr
aine
d on
tech
nica
l and
m
anag
eria
l asp
ects
of f
arm
m
anag
emen
t
NA
18,7
50 P
erso
ns20
25
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.8
Prov
ide
inpu
t sub
sidy
by e
xclu
sivel
y ta
rget
ing
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
MoA
D, M
oF, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O, N
CD
B
Incr
ease
d off
er o
f sub
sidy
on in
puts
targ
eted
to th
e sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s
Subs
idy
Prac
tice
Exits
Dou
ble
the
Am
ount
of
Subs
idy
2025
Coo
pera
tive
Farm
ing,
Sm
all
Irri
gatio
n, F
ertil
izer
and
See
ds
Tran
spor
tatio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.9
Prom
ote
cont
ract
farm
ing
prac
tices
MoL
RM, M
oAD
, D
DC
, VD
C, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O, N
CD
B
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s en
gage
d w
ith b
uyba
ck
guar
ante
e of
pro
duct
sN
A25
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.1
.1.1
0
Dis
sem
inat
e ag
ricul
ture
in
nova
tions
thro
ugh
the
med
ia p
latfo
rms (
radi
o,
new
spap
ers,
TV
etc
.).
MoA
D, D
oA
Mul
ti-m
edia
sour
ces
utili
zatio
n en
gage
d in
dis
sem
inat
ion
of
mes
sage
s (ab
out t
he
new
dev
elop
men
ts
in a
gric
ultu
ral s
eed,
te
chno
logy
, bre
ed a
nd
met
hods
of p
rodu
ctio
n)
Mes
sage
s D
isse
min
ated
Th
roug
h M
ultip
le M
edia
100%
Incr
ease
in
Cov
erag
e20
25A
gric
ultu
re In
form
atio
n an
d C
omm
unic
atio
n C
ente
r
Out
put -
4.1
.2In
com
e of
live
stoc
k ra
isin
g fa
rmer
s inc
reas
ed w
ith
impr
oved
agr
ibus
ines
s pra
ctic
es
% o
f far
mer
s abl
e to
do
uble
thei
r inc
ome
from
ag
ribu
sines
s of l
ives
tock
pr
oduc
t
NA
50%
2025
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.1
Base
line
surv
ey o
f sm
allh
olde
rs o
n th
eir
lives
tock
pro
duct
ivity
and
in
com
e in
all
dist
ricts
MoL
D, D
LS
Benc
hmar
k of
pro
duct
ivity
(in
clud
ing
anim
al
husb
andr
y pr
actic
es a
nd
inco
me)
of s
mal
lhol
der
farm
ers e
stab
lishe
d
NA
75 D
istr
icts
2020
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.2
Esta
blish
reso
urce
cen
tre
for b
reed
impr
ovem
ent
MoL
D, D
LSN
o. o
f res
ourc
e ce
ntre
s fo
r bre
ed im
prov
emen
ts
esta
blish
edN
A7
stat
e 20
25
59Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.3
Incr
ease
rais
ing
of sm
all
lives
tock
(goa
t, pi
gs a
nd
poul
try)
MoA
D, D
LS, M
oLD
% o
f far
mer
s rai
sing
addi
tiona
l num
ber o
f sm
all
lives
tock
indi
vidu
ally
and
in
gro
ups
NA
100%
2025
Dai
ry D
evel
opm
ent P
olic
y, 20
64;
Poul
try
Polic
y, 20
68Ra
ngel
and
Polic
y, 20
68;
Agr
o Bu
sines
s Pro
mot
ion
and
Mar
ket D
evel
opm
ent P
rogr
amm
e,Li
vest
ock
Dev
elop
men
t Ser
vice
Pr
ogra
mm
e (C
ow, B
uffal
o, G
oat
and
othe
r),
Live
stoc
k Se
rvic
e Tr
aini
ng C
entr
e;Li
vest
ock
Serv
ice
Exte
nsio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e.Li
vest
ock
Hea
lth S
ervi
ces
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.4
Incr
ease
rais
ing
of la
rge
anim
als (
such
as c
ow,
buffa
lo) a
s priv
ate
firm
MoL
D, D
LS, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O, N
CD
Bno
of p
rivat
e fir
ms
esta
blish
edN
A15
0020
25Li
vest
ock
Hea
lth S
ervi
ces
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.5
Prio
ritiz
e al
loca
tion
of
a po
rtio
n of
mat
chin
g an
d co
mpe
titiv
e gr
ant t
o th
e sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s fr
om e
ach
dono
r fun
ded
proj
ects
MoA
D, M
oF, N
PC
No.
of g
rant
rece
ivin
g sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s N
AA
ll sm
allh
olde
r fa
rmer
s
2025
Ann
ual P
roje
ct R
epor
ts%
of t
he to
tal g
rant
s di
sbur
sed
for t
he
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
10%
of t
he T
otal
G
rant
exc
lusiv
ely
targ
eted
for t
he
smal
lhol
der
farm
ers
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.6
Prom
ote
scie
ntifi
c m
anag
emen
t and
use
of
publ
ic p
astu
re la
nds
MoL
D, D
LS, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
OIn
crea
se p
astu
re a
reas
us
ed fo
r gra
zing
10
,000
Ha
20,0
00 H
a20
25
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.7
Prov
ide
acce
ss to
ani
mal
he
alth
serv
ices
(bot
h pr
even
tive
and
cura
tive)
MoL
D, D
LS
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s ac
cess
ing
anim
al h
ealth
se
rvic
es o
ffere
d by
the
Live
stoc
k Se
rvic
e C
ente
rs,
Vete
rinar
y H
ospi
tals
, an
d Lo
cal P
arav
ets i
n al
l di
stric
ts
NA
75 %
20
25
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2004
;Li
vest
ock
Hea
lth S
ervi
ces
Prog
ram
me
;Pr
ojec
t for
Com
mer
cial
A
gric
ultu
re a
nd T
rade
(PA
CT
);A
gro
Busin
ess P
rom
otio
n an
d M
arke
t Dev
elop
men
t Pro
gram
me;
Rani
Jam
ara
Kula
riya
Irri
gatio
n Pr
ojec
t (sy
stem
mod
erni
zatio
n,
agri
cultu
re p
rogr
amm
e),
Fish
ery
Dev
elop
men
t Pro
gram
me
Act
ivity
4.1
.2.8
Subs
idiz
e ru
ral p
arav
et
serv
ices
MoL
D, P
riva
te
Sect
or P
arav
ets
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s ac
cess
ing
para
vet s
ervi
ce
at a
min
imiz
ed c
ost
NA
75 %
2025
Out
com
e - 4
.2A
gric
ultu
ral i
nves
tmen
ts in
crea
sed
in th
e sm
all
farm
s%
of a
gric
ultu
ral
inve
stm
ent i
ncre
ased
NA
100
%20
25
Out
put –
4.2
.1A
cces
s of s
mal
l far
ms t
o th
e in
stitu
tiona
l fina
nce
serv
ices
incr
ease
d
% o
f far
mer
s acc
essin
g m
ultip
le-s
ourc
es o
f fin
anci
al re
sour
ces
NA
100
%20
25
60 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.1
Supp
ort s
mal
lhol
der
farm
s with
inst
itutio
nal
cred
it se
rvic
es
MoA
D, M
oF, N
RB,
DoC
oop,
NC
DB
% o
f bor
row
ers a
cces
sing
inst
itutio
nal c
redi
t ,N
A50
%
2025
Nat
iona
l Agr
icul
ture
Pol
icy,
2004
Nat
iona
l Coo
pera
tive
Polic
y, 20
69;
Mic
ro E
nter
pris
e D
evel
opm
ent
Prog
ram
me
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.2
Mak
e pr
iorit
y se
ctor
le
ndin
g m
anda
tory
to
reac
h th
e sm
allh
olde
r fa
rms
AD
B/N
, MFI
s, N
RB,
Com
mer
cial
Ban
ks,
NC
DB
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s se
rved
by
the
finan
cial
in
stitu
tions
; N
A50
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.3
Redu
ce in
tere
st ra
te o
f ag
ricul
tura
l loa
ns ta
rget
ed
to th
e sm
allh
olde
rs
AD
B/N
, NRB
C
omm
erci
al B
anks
, N
CD
B, ,
MFI
s
Com
mer
cial
ban
k po
licie
s pro
vidi
ng
favo
urab
le tr
eatm
ent f
or
the
agri
cultu
ral s
ecto
r lo
ans t
arge
ted
for t
he
smal
lhol
der p
rodu
cers
12%
6%
2018
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.4
Incr
ease
acc
ess o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s to
the
conc
essio
nal l
oans
AD
B/N
, MFI
s, N
RB,
Com
mer
cial
Ban
ks,
NC
DB
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s ac
cess
ing
conc
essio
nal
loan
s at 6
% in
tere
st
Prov
isio
n ex
ists
100
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.5
Sim
plify
lend
ing
proc
edur
es
AD
B/N
, Com
mer
cial
Ba
nks,
NC
DB,
M
FIs,
NRB
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s ab
le to
take
loan
on
grou
p gu
aran
tee
basi
sN
A25
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.6
Prov
ide
ince
ntiv
e to
the
farm
ers f
or in
vest
ing
and
re-in
vest
ing
deci
sions
fo
r the
inte
nsifi
catio
n of
ag
ricul
tura
l act
iviti
es
MoA
D, A
DB/
N, N
RB
Com
mer
cial
Ban
ks,
NC
DB,
MFI
s
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s us
ing
thei
r ear
ning
s and
lo
ans f
or th
e ex
pans
ion
of
thei
r agr
icul
ture
bus
ines
s
NA
25 %
2025
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.7
Prom
ote
grou
p sa
ving
s an
d cr
edit
serv
ices
NC
DB,
SC
Gs
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s jo
inin
g sa
ving
s and
cre
dit
grou
psPr
actic
e ex
ists
100
%20
25N
atio
nal C
oope
rativ
e Po
licy,
2069
Act
ivity
4.2
.1.8
Mob
ilize
coo
pera
tives
to
supp
ort a
gric
ultu
ral v
alue
ch
ains
MoA
D, D
oCoo
p,
NC
DB
% o
f coo
pera
tives
su
ppor
ting
valu
e ch
ain
activ
ities
(with
supp
ort
for t
rain
ing,
fina
nce
and
mar
ketin
g)
NA
25 %
2025
Nat
iona
l Coo
pera
tive
Polic
y, 20
69;
Mic
ro E
nter
pris
e D
evel
opm
ent
Prog
ram
me;
Nat
iona
l Dai
ry D
evel
opm
ent
Boar
d (S
peci
al M
ilk P
rodu
ctio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e)
Out
put -
4.2
.2Sm
all f
arm
s pro
tect
ed a
gain
st th
eir i
nves
tmen
t ri
sks o
n ag
ricul
tura
l pro
duct
ion,
pro
cess
ing
and
mar
ketin
g
% o
f far
mer
s pro
tect
ed
by c
rop
and
lives
tock
in
sura
nce
cove
rage
N
A10
0 %
2025
Act
ivity
4.2
.2.1
Incr
ease
the
num
ber
of fa
rmer
s obt
aini
ng
insu
ranc
e fo
r the
secu
rity
of th
eir c
rops
and
liv
esto
ck p
rodu
ctio
n an
d en
terp
rise
in c
ase
of
failu
re
MoA
D, I
nsur
ance
C
ompa
ny, N
CD
B%
of f
arm
hou
seho
lds
insu
red
Prac
tice
exis
ts10
0 %
20
25C
rop
and
Live
stoc
k In
sura
nce
Polic
y
61Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
4.2
.2.2
Tailo
r fina
ncia
l pro
duct
s to
the
need
of s
mal
lhol
der
farm
ers
Fina
ncia
l In
stitu
tions
, NC
DB
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r bo
rrow
ers a
cces
sing
cred
itN
A50
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.2
.2.3
Prom
ote
stre
ss to
lera
nt
crop
var
ietie
s and
bre
ed
to m
itiga
te th
e ad
vers
e eff
ect o
f clim
ate
chan
ge to
sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s
MoA
D ,
MoL
D,
Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO,
NC
DB
No.
of r
esea
rch
activ
ities
co
nduc
ted
to p
rom
ote
and
deve
lop
stre
ss to
lera
nt
crop
var
ietie
s and
the
lives
tock
bre
ed
NA
Stre
ss to
lera
nt
varie
ties o
f maj
or
cere
al c
rops
2025
Out
com
e –
4.3
Inco
me
of sm
all f
arm
s dou
bled
with
acc
ess t
o di
vers
ified
em
ploy
men
t opp
ortu
nitie
s
Inco
me
of y
outh
s dou
bled
as
a re
sult
of e
arni
ngs
doub
led
from
the
mul
tiple
em
ploy
men
t sou
rces
NA
Dou
bled
inco
me
2025
Out
put –
4.3
.1U
nem
ploy
ed sm
all f
arm
you
ths e
arni
ng in
com
e w
ith a
cces
s to
new
em
ploy
men
t opp
ortu
nity
in th
e fa
rm, o
ff-fa
rm a
nd n
on-f
arm
sect
ors
% o
f you
ths e
ngag
ed in
the
farm
, off-
farm
and
non
-fa
rm a
ctiv
ities
NA
100
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.1
Mak
e ag
ricu
ltura
l sm
allh
olde
r agr
icul
ture
in
com
e lu
crat
ive
AD
B/N
and
oth
er
Bank
s, N
CD
B, M
oAD
;
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r fa
rmer
s attr
acte
d to
w
ork
on a
gric
ultu
re d
ue
to su
bsid
ized
inpu
ts,
tran
spor
t sub
sidy,
equi
pmen
t sup
port
and
bu
y ba
ck g
uara
ntee
of
out
put a
t a p
re-s
et
Min
imum
Sup
port
Pric
e
NA
100
%20
25La
bour
and
Em
ploy
men
t Pol
icy,
2012
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.2
Enco
urag
e sm
all s
cale
ag
ro-p
roce
ssor
to
enha
nce
effici
ency
of
thei
r pro
duct
ion
proc
ess
with
the
appl
icat
ion
of
alte
rnat
e en
ergy
sour
ces
AEP
C, D
CSI
, C
TEV
T, M
oAD
, WB,
N
CD
B
% o
f sm
all s
cale
agr
o-pr
oces
sors
switc
hing
fr
om th
e ap
plic
atio
n of
m
anua
l ope
ratio
n of
the
proc
essin
g w
ork
to th
e m
echa
nize
d w
ork
NA
50 %
2025
Agr
o Bu
sines
s Pro
mot
ion
Polic
y, 20
06; N
atio
nal Y
outh
Pol
icy;
Im
mig
ratio
n Ru
les,
1994
;A
gro
Busin
ess P
rom
otio
n an
d M
arke
t Dev
elop
men
t Pro
gram
;Pr
ojec
t for
Com
mer
cial
A
gric
ultu
re a
nd T
rade
(PA
CT
),N
epal
Tra
de In
tegr
atio
n St
rate
gy
(NT
IS) 2
010;
Nat
iona
l Dai
ry D
evel
opm
ent
Boar
d (S
peci
al M
ilk P
rodu
ctio
n Pr
ogra
mm
e);
Seri
cultu
re D
evel
opm
ent
Prog
ram
me;
Indu
stri
al E
ntom
olog
y,A
gric
ultu
re In
form
atio
n an
d C
omm
unic
atio
n C
ente
r
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.3
Agr
icul
tura
l wor
kers
ha
ving
opp
ortu
nitie
s for
ye
ar-r
ound
wor
k in
the
farm
, off-
farm
and
non
-fa
rm se
ctor
s
DC
SI, C
TEV
T,
MoA
D, M
oCPA
, M
oYS,
Priv
ate
Sect
or
Ente
rpri
ses
No.
of n
ew e
mpl
oym
ent
oppo
rtun
ities
gen
erat
ed
in th
e fa
rm, o
ff-fa
rm a
nd
non-
farm
sect
ors a
nnua
lly
NA
20,0
00 Jo
bs20
25
62 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.4
Enga
ge w
omen
in th
e in
com
e ge
nera
ting
activ
ities
(IG
As)
MoA
D, D
aDC
, C
TEV
T,D
CSI
% o
f wom
en in
volv
ed in
th
e IG
As (
at th
e fa
rm, o
ff-fa
rm a
nd n
on-f
arm
leve
ls)N
A50
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.5
Enha
nce
busin
ess
plan
ning
and
man
agem
ent
capa
city
of t
he
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
MoA
D, D
CSI
, NC
DB
No.
of s
mal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
trai
ned
in b
usin
ess
plan
ning
and
man
agem
ent
for t
he e
stab
lishm
ent
and
oper
atio
n of
new
en
terp
rise
s ann
ually
NA
as p
er n
eed
2025
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.6
Prot
ect s
elf-
empl
oyed
en
trep
rene
urs b
y ta
im
port
of t
he p
rodu
cts
that
com
pete
with
loca
l pr
oduc
tion
MoF
, MoA
D,
MoC
Smal
lhol
der p
rodu
cers
pr
otec
ted
with
taxe
s lev
ied
on th
e im
port
com
petin
g w
ith lo
cal p
rodu
cts
NA
Prot
ectio
n Po
licy
2025
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.7
Enga
ge sm
allh
olde
r fa
rmer
gro
ups i
n pr
oduc
ing
NT
FPs a
nd
MA
Ps o
n th
e le
aseh
old
and
com
mun
ity fo
rest
ar
eas
MoA
D, M
oFSC
, NPC
, PO
, Kri
shak
San
jal
No.
of s
mal
lhol
der
farm
ers’
grou
ps e
ngag
ed
in p
rodu
cing
NT
FPs a
nd
MA
Ps in
the
com
mun
ity
and
leas
ehol
d fo
rest
are
as
NA
500
Gro
ups
2025
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.8
Build
cap
acity
of
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers f
or
oper
atin
g ag
ro- t
ouri
sm
busin
ess a
s an
alte
rnat
e so
urce
of i
ncom
e
MoC
TCA
, MoA
D,
NPC
, PO
, Kri
shak
Sa
njal
No.
of s
mal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
trai
ned
on a
gro-
tour
ism
ac
tiviti
es
NA
3,75
0 Pe
rson
s20
25
Act
ivity
4.3
.1.9
Prom
ote
prod
uctio
n an
d tr
ade
of h
igh
valu
e ag
ricul
tura
l pro
duct
s
MoA
D,
,FN
CC
I,MoT
CA
C,
IFA
D
% o
f far
mer
s eng
aged
in
the
prod
uctio
n an
d tr
ade
off-s
easo
n ve
geta
bles
, se
eds,
yak
chee
se, a
pple
, m
edic
inal
her
bs, g
arlic
, ho
ney
and
NT
FPs
NA
50 %
2025
Hig
h Va
lue
Agr
icul
ture
Pro
ject
in
Hill
and
Mou
ntai
n A
reas
(HVA
P)
Out
put –
4.3
.2In
crea
sed
acce
ss o
f sm
all f
arm
s to
land
and
oth
er
prod
uctiv
e na
tura
l res
ourc
es
% o
f hou
seho
lds h
avin
g in
crea
sed
acce
ss to
pr
oduc
tive
natu
ral
reso
urce
s
NA
100
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.3
.2.1
Mak
e th
e la
nd la
w
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
sens
itive
MoL
RM, M
oAD
, M
oLJP
A, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
Law
ena
cted
to p
rovi
de
addi
tiona
l lan
d ac
cess
to
the
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers
NA
Law
Ena
cted
2025
Nat
iona
l Lan
d U
tiliz
atio
n Po
licy,
2069
Act
ivity
4.3
.2.2
Leas
e fo
rest
are
as to
the
smal
lhol
der g
roup
s for
th
eir e
ngag
emen
t in
the
larg
er si
zed
prod
uctiv
e ac
tiviti
es
MoF
SC, M
oAD
No.
of l
ease
d fo
rest
ar
eas p
rovi
ded
to th
e sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s’ gr
oups
for a
gro-
fore
stry
ac
tiviti
es
NA
500
Gro
ups
2025
63Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
4.3
.2.3
App
ly la
nd u
tiliz
atio
n pr
ovis
ion
for t
he
tran
sfer
of f
allo
w la
nd
to th
e cu
ltiva
tors
on
a co
ntra
ctua
l bas
is
MoL
RM, M
oAD
, M
oLJP
A, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
Law
s and
regu
latio
ns
intr
oduc
ed a
nd a
pplie
d fo
r tem
pora
ry le
asin
g pr
actic
es
NA
Law
ena
cted
2025
Act
ivity
4.3
.2.4
Util
ize
was
te la
nd fo
r pr
oduc
tive
purp
ose
MoL
RM, M
oAD
, D
oA, N
CD
B
% o
f sm
allh
olde
r far
mer
s br
ingi
ng fa
llow
land
(p
ublic
and
priv
ate
land
in
clud
ing
river
bed
) br
ough
t und
er c
ultiv
atio
n
NA
10 0
%20
25
Act
ivity
4.3
.2.5
Esta
blish
dat
abas
e w
ith
disa
ggre
gate
d fig
ures
on
the
cont
ribut
ion
of
smal
lhol
der f
arm
ers i
n pr
oduc
tion
and
thei
r in
com
e le
vels
MoA
D
Base
line
info
rmat
ion
avai
labl
e fo
r com
pari
son
of p
rogr
ess a
fter t
he
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
NA
P, 2
025
NA
Base
line
Repo
rt20
18
PILL
AR
– V
ZERO
FO
OD
LO
SS A
ND
WA
STE
Out
com
e - 5
.1Fo
od a
vaila
bilit
y fo
r util
izat
ion
incr
ease
d w
ith th
e co
ntro
l of l
oss a
nd w
aste
in th
e fo
od c
hain
% o
f foo
d ch
ain
acto
rs
bene
fitin
g fr
om in
crea
sed
utili
zatio
n of
food
due
to
redu
ced
food
loss
and
w
aste
NA
100
%20
25
Out
put -
5.1
.1K
now
ledg
e an
d sk
ills o
f the
food
cha
in a
ctor
s im
prov
ed in
con
trol
ling
loss
and
was
te o
f foo
d
% o
f foo
d ch
ain
acto
rs
trai
ned
to c
ontr
ol lo
ss o
f fo
odN
AA
s per
nee
ded
2025
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.1
Con
duct
a st
udy
to
iden
tify
maj
or fo
od lo
ss
poin
ts, c
ause
s and
the
mag
nitu
de o
f los
s at
diffe
rent
leve
ls of
food
su
pply
and
util
izat
ion
chai
ns
DoA
, DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoL
D, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
, Con
sum
ers
Stud
y co
nduc
ted
on m
ajor
fo
od lo
ss a
nd w
asta
ge
area
s in
the
supp
ly c
hain
s N
ASt
udy
Repo
rt20
20
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.2
Esta
blish
dat
abas
e an
d m
onito
r ann
ual l
oss t
o de
velo
p an
d im
plem
ent
loss
con
trol
pla
nsD
oA, M
oAD
, MoL
DM
onito
r pos
t-ha
rves
t ha
ndlin
g lo
ss o
f var
ious
co
mm
oditi
es
NA
Mon
itorin
gSy
stem
will
be
in
plac
e20
20
64 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.3
Cre
ate
awar
enes
s am
ong
all s
take
hold
ers a
bout
the
way
s of r
educ
ing
food
lo
ss/w
asta
ge
MoA
D, D
FTQ
C,
MoL
D, I
FAD
, K
rish
ak S
anja
l, PO
, Tr
ansp
orte
rs, T
rade
rs,
Con
sum
ers
% o
f sta
keho
lder
s [H
arve
ster
s, Pr
oces
sors
, St
ore
keep
ers,
Tran
spor
ters
, Tra
ders
(w
hole
sale
r, re
taile
rs,
food
ven
dors
etc
.), a
nd
Con
sum
ers]
kno
win
g th
e te
chni
ques
of m
inim
izin
g lo
sses
in th
e fo
od su
pply
ch
ain:
NA
100%
2020
MO
AD
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.4
Trai
n fa
rmer
s to
redu
ce
post
-har
vest
loss
DoA
, MoA
D, M
oLD
, IF
AD
, Kri
shak
San
jal,
PO
No.
of f
arm
ers,
trai
ned
on
the
met
hods
of r
educ
ing
post
-har
vest
loss
of
vario
us a
gric
ultu
ral a
nd
lives
tock
com
mod
ities
NA
as
per
nee
ded
2025
MO
AD
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.5
Trai
n pr
oduc
ers,
stor
ekee
pers
, tra
nspo
rter
s an
d tr
ader
s for
zer
o-lo
ss
food
han
dlin
g m
etho
ds in
st
orin
g th
e fo
od c
rops
and
liv
esto
ck p
rodu
cts
DoA
, MoA
D;
MoL
D, I
FAD
, AD
B,
Tran
spor
ters
, Tra
ders
, C
onsu
mer
s
No.
of p
rodu
cers
, sto
re
keep
ers,
tran
spor
ters
and
tr
ader
s tra
ined
NA
18
,750
Per
sons
2025
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.6
Dev
elop
gui
delin
e on
fo
od w
aste
pre
vent
ion
tech
niqu
es fo
r diff
eren
t le
vels
of th
e va
lue
chai
n
DoA
, MoA
DG
uide
line
on th
e fo
od
was
te p
reve
ntio
n te
chni
ques
dev
elop
edN
AG
uide
line
2020
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.7
Ado
pt N
eKSA
P as
a fo
od
secu
rity
mon
itorin
g to
ol
at th
e na
tiona
l lev
elM
oAD
, NPC
, WFP
NeK
SAP
mon
itorin
g to
ol
adop
ted
for n
atio
nal f
ood
secu
rity
asse
ssm
ent
Info
rmat
ion
of
Sele
cted
Dis
tric
ts
in u
se75
Dis
tric
ts20
18
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.8
Dis
sem
inat
e th
e gu
idel
ines
wid
ely
thro
ugh
diffe
rent
med
ia
DoA
, MoA
D, K
rish
ak
Sanj
al, P
O
Key
mes
sage
on
prev
entin
g fo
od lo
ss
and
was
te d
isse
min
ated
th
roug
h di
ffere
nt m
edia
(T
V, F
M, P
oste
rs,
Pam
phle
ts, N
ewsp
aper
et
c.) a
mon
g al
l val
ue c
hain
ac
tors
han
dlin
g fo
od
NA
Use
of M
ultip
le
Med
ia fo
r M
essa
ge
Dis
sem
inat
ion
2020
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.9
Trai
n co
nsum
ers o
n th
e te
chni
ques
of f
ood
pres
erva
tion,
pro
cess
ing,
an
d m
inim
izat
ion
of lo
ss
durin
g th
e co
nsum
ptio
n pr
oces
s (e.
g. d
ue to
th
row
ing
of le
ftove
r foo
d)
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
MoL
D, C
onsu
mer
sN
o. o
f con
sum
ers t
rain
ed
on fo
od w
aste
redu
ctio
n N
AA
s nee
ded
2025
65Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pilla
rs, O
utco
mes
, Out
puts
and
Act
iviti
esC
olla
bora
ting
Age
ncie
sIn
dica
tors
Base
line1
Targ
etTa
rget
Yea
rRe
late
d Po
licy/
Stra
tegy
and
Pr
ojec
tsRe
mar
ks
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.1
0D
isco
urag
e th
e us
e of
fo
od g
rain
s in
prod
ucin
g al
coho
l at h
ouse
hold
leve
l
DFT
QC
, MoA
D,
CD
O, M
oLJP
A,
% o
f hou
seho
lds u
sing
food
gra
ins f
or a
lcoh
ol
prod
uctio
n of
the
loca
l ho
useh
old
leve
l
NA
0 %
2020
Act
ivity
5.1
.1.1
1En
cour
age
alte
rnat
ive
use
of fo
od w
aste
(e.g
. ani
mal
fe
ed/f
uel e
tc.)
MoL
D, C
onsu
mer
s%
of h
ouse
hold
s app
lyin
g kn
owin
g ut
iliza
tion
of
food
was
te fo
r ani
mal
feed
N
A10
0%20
25
Out
put 5
.1.2
Acc
ess t
o co
ntro
l inf
rast
ruct
ures
pre
vent
ing
loss
an
d w
aste
in th
e fo
od c
hain
impr
oved
% o
f hou
seho
lds u
sing
mea
sure
s and
faci
litie
s co
ntrib
utin
g to
min
imiz
e fo
od lo
ss
NA
100
%20
25
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.1
Dis
trib
ute
safe
r gra
in
stor
age
mat
eria
ls (b
ins/
herm
etic
stor
age
bags
) to
the
prod
ucer
s and
food
gr
ain
colle
ctor
s (pe
tty
colle
ctor
s/br
oker
s)
DoA
, MoA
D, N
CD
B,
Farm
ers,
Trad
ers
No.
of b
ins/
herm
etic
st
orag
e ba
gs a
cces
sed
by th
e gr
ain
prod
ucer
s an
d co
llect
ors (
petty
co
llect
ors/
brok
ers)
NA
25,0
00 S
tora
ge
Bins
Set
2025
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.2
Prom
ote
pack
ing
hous
es
with
cle
an w
ater
and
el
ectr
icity
supp
ly
MoA
D, M
oLD
No.
of p
rodu
cers
/tra
ders
ha
ving
acc
ess t
o pr
e-co
olin
g fa
cilit
ies
NA
70 P
acki
ng
Hou
ses (
10 in
ea
ch P
rovi
nce)
2020
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.3
Esta
blish
was
hing
pla
nt
faci
lity
for t
he H
VC
s in
each
pro
vinc
eM
oAD
, N
o. o
f pro
vinc
es h
avin
g ex
port
able
qua
lity
HV
C
was
hing
faci
lity
NA
7 Pr
ovin
ce20
20
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.4
Supp
ort f
arm
ers/
trad
ers
to e
stab
lish
zero
ene
rgy/
cold
stor
age
faci
litie
sM
oAD
, MoL
D, N
CD
BN
o. o
f zer
o en
ergy
/co
ld st
orag
e fa
cilit
ies
esta
blish
ed in
the
dist
ricts
NA
25 D
istr
icts
2025
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.5
Org
aniz
e ca
mpa
ign
for
food
loss
redu
ctio
n
MoA
D, D
FTQ
C,
MoL
D, T
rans
port
ers,
Trad
ers,
Con
sum
ers
Net
wor
k of
pro
duce
rs,
trad
ers a
nd c
onsu
mer
s cr
eate
d as
a re
sult
of fo
od
loss
con
trol
cam
paig
n
NA
750
Net
wor
ks20
25
Act
ivity
5.1
.2.6
Org
aniz
e ex
hibi
tion
on
the
food
loss
pre
vent
ion
tech
niqu
es
MoA
D, D
FTQ
C,
MoL
D, T
rans
port
ers,
Trad
ers,
Con
sum
ers
No.
of e
xhib
ition
s or
gani
zed
NA
750
Exhi
bitio
ns20
25
66 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Annex – III
Estimation of Output-wise Cost
Pillars, Outcomes and Outputs Estimated Cost
PILLAR - I 100 % EQUITABLE ACCESS TO ADEQUATE, NUTRITIOUS AND AFFORDABLE FOOD ALL YEAR ROUND
Outcome - 1.1 Nepal’s Constitutional Rights to Food Sovereignty materialized with increased access of all people to food
Output - 1.1.1 Laws to ensure rights to food sovereignty formulated and enforced 2,828.5
Output - 1.1.2 Increased access to inputs for the production of food crops 24,758.1 Output - 1.1.3 Increased access to livestock products 19,789.4 Output - 1.1.4 Increased access to production infrastructure 20,945.2
Output - 1.1.5 Linkage between the research and extension services strengthened 11,257.6
Output - 1.1.6 Women’s role in productive activities enhanced 11,288.3
Output - 1.1.7 Cultivation of crops promoted by their suitability to different ecological conditions 21,679.5
Outcome – 1.2 Adequate affordable nutritious food available for equitable utilization
Output - 1.2.1 Household incomes of the poor enhanced for food affordability 6,660.5
Output - 1.2.2 Food distribution system strengthened to ensure local availability 8,105.4
PILLAR - II ZERO STUNTED CHILDREN LESS THAN 2 YEARS OF AGE Outcome - 2.1 Nutrition sensitive agricultural system promoted
Output – 2.1.1Local food production system diversified with focus on unconventional nutritious crops, fruits, vegetables for their increased consumption
7,221.8
Output – 2.1.2 Local production of animal source products enhanced for consumption by the smallholder family members 6,638.2
Outcome - 2.2 Enhanced access and utilization of safe, nutritious and diverse food among the poor households followed by improved health and nutrition services
Output – 2.2.1Strengthened capacity of farmers, mother groups and small cooperatives on the storage and processing of food including their preparation and preservation at the community level
10,130.0
Output – 2.2.2
Nutrition education related information disseminated applying food based dietary guidelines and healthy diet practices with the promotion of health, agriculture and social protection services
9,060.0
Output - 2.2.3
Food based nutrition related advocacy and capacity building competence of the frontline workers, agriculture extension workers, social workers and health professionals enhanced at all levels
9,072.0
Output - 2.2.4 Nutrition services improved with integration of health services 4,580.5
67Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Pillars, Outcomes and Outputs Estimated Cost
Output - 2.2.5 Maternal, Infant and Young Child Nutrition practices improved with special focus on improving the dietary diversity 4,840.0
Outcome - 2.3 Enabling environment created for multi-sector coordination for coherent, functional and concerted actions for nutrition at all levels
Output - 2.3.1Institutional as well as human resource capacity of the government sector functionaries improved for addressing the issue of food and nutrition security at all levels
3,020.0
PILLAR – III ALL FOOD SYSTEMS ARE SUSTAINABLE Outcome - 3.1 Sustainably managed productive natural resources for food productionOutput - 3.1.1 Watershed safeguarded against deterioration 1,066.27
Output - 3.1.2 Farm water and soil managed by retaining their contributions to productive uses 567.5
Output - 3.1.3 Farmers’ capacity strengthened to cope with the adverse effects of climate change and natural disasters 1,258.7
Output – 3.1.4 Land reform practices applied 490.0 Outcome 3.2 Quality and safety standards maintained in the food chains
Output - 3.2.1 Food handling system founded with national quality and safety standards 457.1
Output - 3.2.2 Access to food chain markets improved 1,010.5 PILLAR – IV 100 % INCREASE IN SMALLHOLDER PRODUCTIVITY AND INCOME Outcome – 4.1 Productivity of crop and livestock increased to double the income of smallholder farms
Output - 4.1.1 Income of smallholder farmers increased from the adoption of agribusiness crop production practices 14,278.2
Output - 4.1.2 Income of livestock raising farmers increased with improved agribusiness practices 10,109.5
Outcome - 4.2 Agricultural investments increased in the small farms
Output – 4.2.1 Access of small farms to the institutional finance services increased 7,194.5
Output - 4.2.2 Small farms protected against their investment risks on agricultural production, processing and marketing 3,585.7
Outcome – 4.3 Income of small farms increased with access to diversified employment opportunities
Output – 4.3.1Unemployed small farm youths earning income with access to new employment opportunity in the farm, off-farm and non-farm sectors
7,692.6
Output – 4.3.2 Increased access of small farms to land and other productive natural resources 8,064.5
PILLAR – V ZERO LOSS OR WASTE OF FOOD
Outcome - 5.1 Food availability for utilization increased with the control of loss and waste in the food chain
Output - 5.1.1 Knowledge and skills of the food chain actors improved in controlling loss and waste of food 1,833.1
Output 5.1.2 Access to control infrastructures preventing loss and waste in the food chain improved 3,016.9
Total 242,500.0
68 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Annex - IV
Priority Framework and Information Systems Complementing to the Implementation Process
Following frameworks are expected to contribute to the coordination of implementation process of NAP as they also prioritize increased production and the development of markets for food and nutrition security.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): The formulation of SDGs has set an agenda for eradicating poverty and achieving sustainable development by 2030 under its 17 Goals framework. Its successful accomplishment requires achievement of progress on the economic, social and environmental fronts. Under its 17 Goals, 169 targets are set emphasizing on poverty reduction, access to employment, better management of natural resources, development of supportive infrastructures, creation of alternative avenues for economic growth, coping with the effects of climate change, promotion of the social inclusion process, and establishment of accountable governance system leading towards sustainable development process. In order to accomplish success over these targets, mobilizing support of related stakeholders from public and private sectors and the CSOs is necessary.
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): Despite frequently troubling political instability coupled with the absence of locally elected representatives and the prolonged transition of peace process, Nepal’s performance can still be considered effective for the progress it could attain against most of the MDG indicators. According to the MDG Progress Report, 2013 the government took remarkable strides in achieving success closer towards the indicators like reduction of poverty and hunger, increase in the school enrolment rate and decrease in the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR). The progress is noticeable on women empowerment, environmental sustainability and global partnership for development. However, the task is not yet over and further efforts are required for enhancing production, improving governance to address the issues of disparity and inequality in food distribution, creation of new employment opportunities, and adaptation to the climate change risks.
Within the MDG period, Nepal successfully narrowed down its poverty level from 42 percent (recorded in 1990) to 23.8 percent (in 2013). This decline indicates positive sign of progress. However, its retention and even achieving more progress, requires greater emphasis on enhancing domestic production. It is necessary because the current foundation of reported progress is largely based on remittance sent by the Nepalese youths working abroad which may simply be a transitional phenomenon. To avoid the risk of going down to the spiral again the country needs to increase investment in productive agriculture to maintain food security and also to control the likely occurrence of malnutrition.
The Goals set under the MDGs and SDGs are as follows:
Table – 1: Goals Set by the MDG and SDG FrameworksMDGs (2000-2015) SDGs (2016-2030)Goal-1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Goal-1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Goal-2: Achieve universal primary education
Goal-2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture
Goal-3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Goal-3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Goal-4: Reduce child mortality Goal-4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote life-long learning opportunities for all
69Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
MDGs (2000-2015) SDGs (2016-2030)Goal-5: Improve maternal health Goal-5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girlsGoal-6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Goal-6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
Goal-7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Goal-7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all
Goal-8: Develop a global partnership for development
Goal-8: Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for allGoal-9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovationGoal-10: Reduce inequality within and among countriesGoal-11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainableGoal-12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patternsGoal-13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impactsGoal-14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable developmentGoal-15: Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity lossGoal-16: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levelsGoal-17: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
Multi-sectoral Nutrition Plan (MSNP): The MSNP for reducing malnutrition has been prepared under the lead of NPC engaging related government agencies. It serves as a common results framework for improving nutrition outcomes; and setting out plans of action for implementing nutrition-sensitive policies and strategies for the key sectors of development, including agriculture and food security, public health, and education. Its objectives are to reduce the prevalence of stunting among children under five to below 29 percent, to reduce the prevalence of underweight to below 20 percent; to reduce the prevalence of wasting among children under five to below 5 percent, and to reduce under-nutrition among women 15–49 years of age (BMI<18.5kg/m2) by 15 percent. It has identified gaps and future needs to implement the plan effectively.
The total cost of MSNP for the activities extended over five years is approximately $193 million. This is equivalent to an annual cost of approximately $39 million or a per capita annual cost of just over $1. It has proposed nutrition-sensitive approach dedicated to support food security. It also aims at strengthening governance to reinforce nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive approaches. The Plan emphasizes on strengthening of multi-sectoral nutrition information system to track the progress of MSNP implementation, with links to existing food security early warning system.
The poor are not simply waiting for hand-outs; they are looking for economic opportunities, food on their table, and a safe home for their families; like all of us.
Kanayo F. Nwanze, IFAD President, Keynote Statement for a Sustainable Food Future, December 7, 2015
70 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
It has emphasized establishment of basket fund expecting to receive support from the government and other development partners. The NPC has been designated as in-charge of releasing funds to the sectors of development including the districts. It expects to meet the funding gap from both domestic and external sources.
Scaling-Up Nutrition (SUN): SUN is a global movement uniting all national leaders, civil society, bilateral and multilateral organizations, donors, businesses, and researchers in a collective effort to improve nutrition. The World Bank (WB) is the donor convener for SUN in Nepal. SUN’s priority commitments in Nepal are to implement and scale up evidence-based, cost-effective nutrition-programmes under the MSNP and FSNP by strengthening their related components with the links established with early warning system for food security. SUN has a Multi-Partner Trust Fund. It supports civil society organizations (CSOs) to establish sustainable as well as inclusive civil society alliance on nutrition.
Nepal joined the SUN Movement in May 2011. It has appointed the Head of the Social Development Division, NPC Secretariat as the SUN Focal Point. High Level Nutrition and Food Security Steering Committee meetings are hosted by the NPC. These meetings are chaired by the Vice Chairman of the NPC and the WB is SUN Donor Convener.
2nd International Conference on Nutrition: Nepal is signatory to ICN2 Framework for Action and Rome Declaration on Nutrition which was jointly organised by FAO and World Health Organization (WHO) in November 2014. The conference was able to bring the global attention on addressing malnutrition in all its forms. It reaffirms the right of everyone to have access to safe, sufficient, and nutritious food, consistent with the right to adequate food and the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger. It highlights the importance of nutrition policies should promote a diversified, balanced and healthy diet at all stages of life. It also focuses on coordinated action among different actors, across all relevant sectors at international, regional, national and community levels, which needs to be supported through cross-cutting and coherent policies, programmes and initiatives, including social protection, to address the multiple burdens of malnutrition and to promote sustainable food systems.
Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS), 2015: Nepal’s agricultural sector was not performing so well than today when the Agriculture Perspective Plan (APP) was launched in 1995-96. Improvements have taken place over the years since then influencing the living standards of people relatively better with respect to enhanced productivity, infrastructure development, food security, and poverty reduction. However, the challenge of food deficit is still to be overcome.
Nepal’s agricultural growth is about 3 percent per year. It is highly variable also. The country’s productive youth labour force has mostly overlooked this sector due to the attraction towards foreign jobs. This has been a growing trend in the recent years. The remittance sent by these job holders occupies more than 25 percent of GDP. It has generated scope for increased capital formation and local investments in the country.
APP was based on a narrow view of technology focused on green revolution which was inappropriate for large parts of the Nepali agro-ecology. As a result, leading stakeholders such as producer farmers, private sector entrepreneurs, and the cooperatives were less involved than expected in its implementation. The ADS has been prepared in the foundation of these lessons obtained from APP. It emphasizes on improved governance, effective participation of stakeholders, providing land access to producers, decentralized research and extension services, and the promotion of agri-business.
ADS plans to promote agri-business and non-farm rural development activities relatively to agriculture side by side. Strengthened linkages between agriculture and other sectors of development in the economy have been considered critical to the reduction of poverty. Accordingly, it plans to develop non-farm activities based on agriculture as fundamental element for growth of the rural economy. It emphasizes on the balanced development of the rural economy with increased opportunities for employment generation. In these contexts, ADS considers development of the agricultural sector in its composite structure encompassing not only the production sectors (crops, livestock, fisheries
71Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
and forestry) but also the processing sector, trade and other services (such as storage, transportation, finance, marketing, research, and extension).14
The ADS emphasizes on the growth of agricultural sector with promotion of inclusiveness (both social and geographic). Sustainability (both in terms of natural and economic resources) is its priority. Participation of private sector and cooperative sector are emphasized. Connectivity to market infrastructure (e.g. agricultural roads, collection centres, packing houses, market centres) has remained its concern. The support measures like information infrastructure and ICT, power infrastructure (e.g. rural electrification, renewable and alternative energy sources) have remained its concern too. These inclusive, multi-sector, and connectivity-based growth approach are expected to enhance food and nutrition security, reduce poverty, improve access to markets generating equitable income of the rural households, while strengthening the farmers’ rights.
Source: ADS (2015), Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS) 2015 to 2035, Government of Nepal, MoAD, Singhadurbar, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Figure 1: Strategic Framework Followed by the Agricultural Development Strategy, Nepal
ADS moves with a vision for self-reliant, sustainable, competitive, and inclusive agricultural sector that drives economic growth and contributes to improve livelihoods with food and nutrition security leading to food sovereignty enshrined in the Nepalese Constitution. Various indicators and targets set to monitor progress towards its vision are as follows:
14 ADS (2015). Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS) 2015 - 2035, Government of Nepal, Ministry of Agricultural Development, Singhadurbar, Kathmandu, Nepal.
72 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Table 2: Indicators and Targets for ADS Vision
Vision Indicators Existing Situation (2010)
Target Short Term (5 years)
Target Medium Term (10 years)
Target Long Term (20 years)
Self-reliance Self-sufficiency in food grains
5% trade deficit in food grains
0% trade deficit 0-5% trade surplus 0-5% trade surplus
Sustainability
Year-round irrigation 18% coverage 30% 60% 80%
Soil organic matter 1% 2% 4% 4%Ha of degraded land 3.2 million ha 2.88 million ha 2.56 million ha 1.6 million ha Forest cover 40% 40% 40% 40%Agricultural land productivity (AGDP/ha) $1,804 $2,302 $2,938 $4,787
Agribusiness as % of GDP 10% 12% 14% 20%
CompetitivenessAgricultural trade balance
Trade deficit $350 million
Trade deficit $310 million)
Trade deficit $181 million
Trade surplus $690 million
Agricultural Exports $248 million $418 million $704 million $1,999 million
Inclusiveness
% of farm land solely or jointly owned by women 10% 15% 30% 50%
% of farmers reached by agricultural programmes 12% 17% 22% 30%
Agricultural Growth
Average annual growth of AGDP 3% 4% 5% 6%
Livelihoods
AGDP/ Agricultural labour $794 $979 $1,206 $1,833
Poverty in Rural Areas 27% 21% 16% 10%
Food and Nutrition Security
Food Poverty 24% 16% 11% 5%Nutrition- Stunting 41.5% 29% 20% 8%- Underweight 31.1% 20% 13% 5%- Wasting; 13.7% 5% 2% 1%- Women with low BMI
18% 15% 13% 5%
Source: ADS (2015), Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS) 2015 - 2035, Government of Nepal, MoAD, Singhadurbar, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Annual cost estimated for the ADS is NRs. 50.2 billion. Of this, 89 percent is expected to be mobilized from the government source and donor support, while the remaining 11% is expected to be mobilized from private sector. Around 37 percent of the total programme cost is allocated for Flagship Programmes.
Food and Nutrition Security Plan (FNSP): The MoAD prepared FNSP as a national programme for food and nutrition security. It complements to the activities proposed under the MSNP. It helps to accelerate reduction of maternal and child under-nutrition problems in Nepal.
Major objective of the FNSP is to reduce hunger, malnutrition and poverty among the poorest households. It emphasizes sustainable agriculture base for the improvement of their livelihoods. It targets poorest households identifying them as hard-core poor, ultra poor and medium poor. Major activities covered by the FNSP are: human nutrition, field crops, horticulture, livestock, forestry and fisheries development. It highlights the need for responsive interventions with wider geographical coverage. Enhanced communication and networking with accelerated speed of delivering the services are its priorities.
73Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
Information System – NeKSAP: Nepal Khadya Surakshya Anugaman Pranali (NeKSAP) is one of the established food security monitoring system implemented in Nepal. It is working in collaboration with WFP and the MoAD. It covers 72 out of 75 districts (excluding three districts of Kathmandu Valley) remained in the country. It applies household as well as area based classification systems. Its smallest unit of analysis is VDC.
NeKSAP determined household level classification on the basis on survey conducted every three months in a year. Seventeen indicators are applied to assess the magnitude of food security condition or an area. They are: food consumption; livelihood change (and coping strategies); acute child malnutrition (6-59m), wasting as per the prevalence of Global Acute Malnutrition (GAM); crop production situation; food stock at household level; stock of main staples in key markets (food availability in the market); employment opportunities within and neighbouring districts; income through sales: NTFP, cash/high value crops, and small enterprises; income: meat, milk, egg, fish, honey; market price of main staple like rice, wheat flour, and others; remittances; human disease incidence, and epidemics; water supply for drinking, sanitation; out-migration (stress induced); civil security (social violence, and bandh/blockade); climatic hazards: floods, landslides, dry spell, snowfall, hailstorm , and strong wind; and the disasters caused by earthquake and fire. These indicators represent four dimensions of food security Viz food availability, food access, food utilization and stability. Based on these indicators, the food security condition of an area is categorically classified into five phases such as: (a) minimal food insecure area, (b) moderately food insecure area, (c) highly food insecure (or crisis) area, (d) severely food insecure (or emergency) area, and (e) humanitarian emergency/famine (or declared famine) area. These categories guide the magnitude of support to be provided, accordingly.
74 Nepal: Zero Hunger Challenge National Action Plan (2016 - 2025)
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