WARS of the RENAISSANCE

WARS of the RENAISSANCE

Treaty of Lodi1454-1455An alliance among the city-states Milan, Naples, Florence

MILANO

Ludovico SforzaSforza CastleNAPLESAlso known as The Kingdom, Naples was the only city-state with a kingThey had close ties to the papal states

The Papal StatesThe Pope was both political and spiritual leaderPopes are elected for life by a group of Cardinals1309-1377 Babylonian Captivity Popes lived in Avignon, France

FLORENCE

The DuomoLeaders of Florence The MedicisLorenzo de Medici (d. 1492)

COSIMO de MEDICI seized control 1434

THE MEDICI WEREDRIVEN OUT OF POWER IN 1494Girolamo Savonarola

Hes executed May 1498Niccolo Machiavelli

VENICE

1st INVASION - 1494King Charles VIII of France invades and takes over NaplesEncouraged by Milanese leaders invitation

King Charles VIII of France

League of Venice - 1495Ferdinand of Aragon formed this alliance with Venice, the Papal States, and the Habsburg Emperor Maxmilian IThey force Charles VIII to retreat

King Ferdinand (KNEELING ON LEFT)Emperor Maximilian I

This painting, titled Madonna of the Victory commemorates the alliances win over Charles VIII in 14952nd INVASION - 1499French King Louis XII allies himself with Borgia Pope Alexander VI and successfully invades Milan and takes part of Naples

The popes son Cesare Borgia takes RomagnaFRENCH KING LOUIS XII

POPE ALEXANDER VI

Detail from the fresco "Adoration of the Magi" painted on the walls of the Borgia Apartments in the Vatican. The Virgin and Child, according to common belief, were posed for by Julia Farnese and her baby of which Pope Alexander VI was the acknowledged father.

The Holy League 1511Pope Julius II (a.k.a. The Warrior Pope) forms an alliance with Ferdinand of Aragon, Emperor Maximilian, and the Swiss Theyre able to force a French retreatPope Julius II(A.K.A. The Warrior Pope)

3rd INVASION - 1515French King Francis I goes on the offensive

KING FRANCIS I

Spain vs. France(The Habsburg-Valois Wars)King Francis I and King Charles I of Spain (Emperor Charles V) renew hostilities in 1521Emperor Charles V

Major events:1525 Battle of Pavia the French are defeated by Emperor Charles Vs troops and the French king is held for ransom

1527 Emperor Charles V has Rome sacked

1542-44 and 1556-57 two more failed French wars

1556 Spain is the dominant power, France has been defeated

BATTLE OF PAVIA - 1525Effects of these wars:

Confusion in Italy

Drain on resources

The Spread of the Renaissance and decline of the Italian Renaissance

Italian city-states were largely dependent on Charles VQuestions for discussion:Why are these wars significant?

What can we learn about Italy and Europe at this time?

What is the role of religion?

How important were the kings involved?