An alternative for a lunar colony. Students of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Physics Department: Athanasopoulos Dimitrios Karampelas Konstantinos Mentor: Dr. Gazeas Kosmas Date: 29 January 2016 Odysseus European Youth Space Contest The presentation begins with: Some known lunar pits Chemical composition of lunar rocks Particle radiation and protection Algorithm F.Lu.P. (Flux in Lunar Pits) Known Lunar Pits: Marius Hills Pit: Coordinates: 14.09N E Diameter: 47 60 m Depth: ~36 m Mare Tranquilitatis Pit: Coordinates: 8.34N 33.22E Diameter: 85 97 m Depth: 100 6 m Mare Ingenii Pit: Coordinates: 35.95S E Diameter: 66 101 m Depth: 60 15 m Lunar Pits and Cosmic Radiation There are strong indications for underground structures. We cant know exactly the form of lunar pits. We will examine many cases. Lunar Pits and Cosmic Radiation Structure of Lunar Surface: Depth of Mare Regolith (dust) d = 1.5 gr/cm 3 (lunar) Basalt d (grain) = 3.03 3.46 gr/cm 3 d (bulk) = 2.36 3.27 gr/cm 3 Sample composition of Regolith: Sample composition of Basalt: Lunar Pits and Cosmic Radiation Particle radiation: 80% protons 15% particles 5% heavier nuclei, electrons. Very harmful for human health! Radiation on the Moon: 1)Direct particle radiation. 2) Direct radiation. 3) Secondary radiation (mostly neutrons from lunar surface). We will investigate the protection that can be provided by the Lunar Pit for the 1st type of radiation Software SRIM/TRIM: Stopping powers for: Regolith: S rp = 0.28 GeV/m & S r = 1.01 GeV/m Basalt: S bp = 0.60 GeV/m & S b = 2.17 GeV/m *p: protons & : particles Protons (10 GeV)Particle (10 GeV) Lunar Pits and Cosmic Radiation Algorithm F.Lu.P.: Lunar Pits and Cosmic Radiation Simple Lunar Pit plans for algorithm F.Lu.P.: Marius Hills:Mare Tranquilitatis: We examined many cases for the dimensions above. Lunar Pits and Cosmic Radiation Results of algorithm F.Lu.P.: Radiation at the bottom: T T he particle radiation is very weak away from the center. A bout protons, Marius Hills has 0 18% and Mare Tranquilitatis 14 15.3%. I n each case no more than 20%. L arger diameter, more radiation at the bottom. T he existence of a cavity (as in the case of Marius Hills) significantly increases protection. Lunar Pits and Cosmic Radiation Results of algorithm F.Lu.P.: Radiation per height : The radiation decreases as we go deeper. he protection by the cavity can be seen here too. L unar pits with great depth can also protect us well. Missions: DD.L.P. (Discover Lunar Pit) Early Lunar Facilities (E.L.F.) Po.S.Su.M. (Power System Support Mushroom) Green Moon Also: Launch Rockets Self-sustainability The missions of M.U.S.H.ROOM Mission: D.L.P. (Discovery Lunar Pit) Goals: Close-up image of Lunar Pit Mapping the interior of Lunar Pit easuring the incident radiation Contains: Lander Cameras Imaging Lidar Technology Cosmic Ray Detector (CRD) Communication system Propulsion system for soft-landing Mass: ~630 kg The missions of M.U.S.H.ROOM Mission: Early Lunar Facilities (E.L.F.) System ascent / descent Airlock Mass: ~35 metric T Mass: ~12 metric T Inflatable Space Habitats Mass: ~3.2 metric T (Capacity: 12 15 persons) The missions of M.U.S.H.ROOM Mission: Po.S.Su.M. (Power System Support Mushroom) Lunar Daytime: 13.5 Days Lunar Nighttime: 13.5 Days Electric power needs on Moon: For each Human: 3 kW An early lunar base: min 100 kW Photovoltaics ( efficiency 20%) : Specific Power: 150 W/ kg Specific Mass: 0.7 kg/m For an early lunar base: Mass: min 6.67 kg Surface: min 9.5 m Lifetime: ~5 year Regenerative Fuel Cells (RFC) SOFC: Energy coverage for: ~8 LN ~ 8 Months PEMFC: Energy coverage for: ~16 LN ~ 16 Months *LN = Lunar Nights Total Mass: ~1 metric T The missions of M.U.S.H.ROOM Mission: Green Moon Goals: A variety of experiments. Production of oxygen. Food production. First vegetables: lettuce, spinach and cabbage An extra idea: Indoor Plants Refreshing the air Improving the attitude of humans Increasing the workforce efficiency The missions of M.U.S.H.ROOM Launch Rockets Historical Modern Future The missions of M.U.S.H.ROOM Self-sustainability: A first base: A future base: 16.7 % 23.3 % Protection from radiation: 85 100 % A lunar city MM.U.S.H.ROOM and Scientific Research Society after M.U.S.H.ROOM The future of M.U.S.H.ROOM Ideas for the first foundations: The future of M.U.S.H.ROOM The expectation: The future of M.U.S.H.ROOM The name: The future of M.U.S.H.ROOM M.U.S.H.ROOM and Scientific Research: Exploration of the sublunarean cavities and developing theories for moon creation Research for HO Exploitation of lunar rocks Exploitation of special vacuum conditions and microgravity for innovative engines Radio-telescopes, space observatories, cosmic ray study workshops A future space station The list has no end Society after M.U.S.H.ROOM: Global cooperation Creating new jobs and new professions Technology and economy development New perception of the world Source of artistic inspiration for new architecture Turn to renewable energy sources, development of PV and the model of an autonomous energy base The list has no end The End