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AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
USED IN SONG LYRICS OF “4” ALBUM BY BEYONCE
by:
MARTIN CAHYA JAUHARI
NIM 201032022
ENGLISH EDUCTION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2015
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AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
USED IN SONG LYRICS OF “4” ALBUM BY BEYONCE
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program
in the Department of English Education
by:
MARTIN CAHYA JAUHARI
NIM 201032022
ENGLISH EDUCTION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2015
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MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
Dreaming believes, so just believe what we dream
No matter who we are, no matter what we are, but the most important thing is who we
can be
(Beyonce Knowles)
Have big, dream big, think big and know that anything is possible
(Jennifer Lopez)
This skripsi is dedicated to:
♥ His amazing parents (Mr. Sumarsono and Mrs. Agustini)
♥ His beloved brothers
♥ All his loyal friends
♥ His inspiration who gives him so much hopes (Beyonce)
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ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Martin Cahya Jauhari (NIM: 2010-32-022) has been
approved by the skripsi advisors for the further approval by the Examining Committee.
Kudus, February 2015
Advisor I
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd.
NIS. 0610701000001207
Advisor II
Dra. Sri Surachmi, M.Pd.
NIS. 061071000001186
Acknowledged by,
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.
NIP. 19621219-198703-1-015
015
vi
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Martin Cahya Jauhari (NIM: 2010-32-022) has been
approved by the Examining Committee as requirement for the Sarjana Degree of English
Education.
Kudus, February 2015
Skripsi Examining Committee:
Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd.
NIS. 0610701000001207
Rusiana, S.Pd, M.Pd.
NIS. 0610701000001226
Acknowledged by,
The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty,
Dean,
Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd.
NIP. 19621219-198703-1-015
015
Junaidi, S.Pd, M.Pd.
NIS. 0610701000001225
,Chairperson
,Member
,Member
,Member
Farid Noor R, S.Pd, M.Pd.
NIS. 0610701000001227
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to say thanks to Great God Allah SWT, the lord
of universe for all of mercy the writer got in completing the study in English Education
Department and accomplishing the writer’s skripsi entitled An Analysis of Figurative
Language Used in Song Lyric of “4” Album by Beyonce.
This skripsi is accomplished with so many help of others. The writer realized that
actually he could not complete this skripsi without advice, encouragement, guidance,
suggestion, and support from many people. In this opportunity the writer would like to
express sincere gratitude to:
1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty.
2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department who
really supports.
3. Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the first advisor who give so many correction and
advices in doing this skripsi.
4. Dra. Sri Surachmi, M.Pd as the second advisor who has already approved this
research and given a lot of guidance in writing this skripsi.
5. All of lecturers in English Education Department Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
6. Hisamazing parents (Mr. Sumarsono and Mrs. Agustini) who have given so much
loves, attention, spirit and pray in finishing this skripsi.
7. His beloved brother who has given support in finishing this skripsi.
8. All of his friends in English Education Department Teacher Training and
Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
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In addition, the writer would like to express his sincerest gratitude to the readers
for some critics and suggestion. The writer hopes this skripsi will be useful for everyone
who concern to the topic.
Kudus, February 2015
The Writer
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ABSTRACT
Jauhari, Martin Cahya. 2015. An Analysis of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of
“4” Album by Beyonce. Skripsi, English Education Department Teacher Training
and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (1) Atik Rokhayani,
S.Pd, M.Pd, (2) Dra. Sri Surachmi, M.Pd.
Key words : Figurative Language, Song and Lyrics
The language in the song lyrics is more like the language of a poem. One of the
things that can make the lyric so powerful is figure of speech. However, a figure of
speech is important in making song lyrics, sothat the songs that have been made are
interesting and satisfying to sing and hear. Figurative languages are a departure from the
ordinary form of expression or the ordinary course of ideas in order to produce a greater
effec.Based on the writer’s experience, students of English Education do not understand
the meaning of figurative language in a song lyric. It is because they never learn
figurative language, although it is taught in school but seems they do not really pay
attention about it. The writer thinks that it is very ironic if the Students of English
Education as listener cannot understand figurative language used in song.From that
description above, the writer wants to help the students of English Education keep at
distance from their alienation with the English literature. The writer also hopes the
students of English Education know about the expressions or language style that used in
song lyrics.
This research has purposes to find out the answer of the statement of the problem.
The purposes of this research are: (1) to find out the types of figurative language used in
song lyrics of “4” album by Beyonce. And (2) to describe the meaning of figurative
language used in song lyrics of “4” album by Beyonce.
This research design is a descriptive qualitative research. The data of the research
is type of figurative language used in song lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce, and for the
data source it is taken from all the song lyrics of “4” Album by Beyonce, and data
analysis is to explain about some method to do analysis data.
The result of this research shows thatthe total number of types of figurative
language used in the song lyrics of “4” album by Beyonce are 76 types of figurative
language. And the dominant one is symbol, there are totally 20 symbol in the song lyric
of “4” Album. And then there are 13 apostrophe, 9 simile, 8 hyperbole, 5 euphemism, 4
antithesis, 4 chiasmus, 3 anaphora, 3 personification, 2 ellipsis, 2 synecdoche, 1
alliteration, 1 assonance, and 1 oxymoron that is used in the song lyrics of “4” Album by
Beyonce.
The writer concluded that there are exactly fourteen types of figurative language
used in that song lyric, they are alliteration, anaphora, antithesis, apostrophe, assonance,
chiasmus, ellipsis, euphemism, hyperbola, oxymoron, personification, simile, symbol and
synecdoche. And those each figurative language has different function and meaning.To
interpret the meaning of figurative language we have to consider a few things, as follow:
knowing what the author is trying to say, looking for phrases thatthe words have a
meaning different from their usual meaning, and figurative language usually brings a
picture to a reader’s mind, use that picture to help the reader understand the meaning of
the figurative language. The figurative language can be used for comparison, for
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emphasis to the sentence, to say something in a new way, to help the reader/listener form
a picture in their mind, and to make song lyric or poem interesting. Therefore, the writer
recommends some suggestions. The writer really hopes to the student to should love the
song, should love listening to the song. So, In English teaching and learning process uses
the songs as material can be very interesting.
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ABSTRAK
Jauhari, Martin Cahya. 2015. Sebuah Analisis Gaya Bahasa yang Digunakan dalam Lirik
Lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce. Skripsi, Departemen Pendidikan Bahasa
Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus.
Pembimbing: (1) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd, (2) Dra. Sri Surachmi, M.Pd.
KataKunci : Gaya Bahasa, Lagu dan Lirik
Bahasa dalam lirik lagu cenderung seperti bahasa puisi. Salah satu hal yang dapat
membuat sebuah lirik menjadi menarik adalah gaya bahasa. Terlebih, gaya bahasa adalah
hal penting dalam pembuatan lirik lagu, sehingga lagu yang telah dibuat menjadi menarik
dan puas untuk dinyanyikan dan didengar. Gaya bahasa adalah sebuah susunan dari
sebuah bentuk yang sangat menarik dari ekspresi atau ide yang bisa memproduksi sebuah
efek lebih bagus. Berdasarkan pengalaman penulis, siswa pendidikan Bahasa Inggris
tidak mengerti makna gaya bahasa dalam sebuah lirik lagu. Itu dikarenakan mereka tidak
pernah mempelajari gaya bahasa walaupun itu diajarkan di sekolah nampaknya mereka
kurang begitu memperhatikan hal tersebut. Penulis berpikir itu sangat ironis jika siswa
pendidikan Bahasa Inggris sebagai pendengar lagu tidak memahami gaya bahasa yang
digunakan pada sebuah lagu. Dari penggambaran di atas penulis ingin membantu siswa
pendidikan Bahasa Inggris agar tetap dekat dengan literatur Bahasa Inggris. Penulis juga
berharap agar siswa pendidikan Bahasa Inggris mengetahui ekspresi atau gaya bahasa
dalam lirik lagu.
Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menemukan jawaban dari rumusan masalah.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk menemukan jenis jenis gaya bahasa yang
digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce. Dan (2) untuk
menggambarkan makna gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album
oleh Beyonce.
Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dari penelitian
ini adalah jenis gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh
Beyonce, dan untuk sumber datanya diambil dari seluruh lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh
Beyonce, dan data analisis adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang beberapa metode yang
digunakan untuk menganalisis data.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah total jenis gaya bahasa yang
digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce ada 76 gaya bahasa. Dan yang
paling dominan adalah simbol. Terdapat 20 simbol dalam lirik lagu tersebut. Kemudian
ada 13 apostrof, 9 simil, 8 hiperbola, 5 eufemisme, 4 antitesis, 4 kiasmus, 3 anapora, 3
personifikasi, 2 elipsis, 2 sinekdot, 1 aliterasi, 1 asonansi, dan 1 oksimoron yang
digunakan dalam lirik lagu pada “4” Album oleh Beyonce.
Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa ada 14 jenis gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam
lirik lagu, itu adalah aliterasi, anapora, antitesis, apostrof, asonansi, kiasmus, elipsis,
eufemisme, hiperbola, oksimoron, personifikasi, simil, simbol, dan sinekdot. Dan masing
– masing gaya bahasa tersebut fungsi dan maknanya masing – masing. Untuk
menginterpretasikan makna gaya bahasa, kita harus memperhatikan beberapa hal, sebagai
berikut: mengetahui apa yang author coba bicarakan, mencari frasa yang kata katanya
mempunyai makna yang berbeda dari makna biasanya, dan gaya bahasa biasanya
membawa sebuah gambaran kepada pikiran si pembaca, gunakanlah gambaran itu untuk
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membantu pembaca memahami makna gaya bahasa. Gaya bahasa juga dapat digunakan
untuk perbandingan, untuk penekanan pada kaliamat, untuk mengatakan sesuatu dengan
cara yang baru, untuk membantu pembaca atau pendengar membentuk gambaran di
dalam pikiran mereka, dan membuat lirik lagu atau puisi menjadi menarik. Oleh karena
itu, penulis merekomendasikan beberapa saran. Penulis sangat berharap kepada siswa
untuk harus suka dengan lagu, dan harus suka mendengarkan lagu. Jadi, dalam kegiatan
belajar mengajar Bahasa Inggris menggunakan lagu sebagai materi dapat menjadi sangat
menarik.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ........................................................................................................... i
LOGO ............................................................................................................. ii
TITLE ............................................................................................................. iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ..................................................................... iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................ v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ........................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRAKSI .................................................................................................. xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. xiii
LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xvi
LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................... xvii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research ..................................................................... 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ........................................................................... 4
1.3 Objective of the Research .......................................................................... 5
1.4 Significance of the Research ...................................................................... 5
1.5 Scope of the Research ................................................................................ 6
1.6.Definition of Terms ................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER II:REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Figurative Language .................................................................................. 7
2.1.1 Definition of Figurative Language ......................................................... 7
2.1.2 Kinds of Figurative Language ............................................................... 9
2.2 Definition of Song ..................................................................................... 14
2.2.1 Kinds of Song ......................................................................................... 15
2.3 Definition of Lyric ..................................................................................... 19
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2.4 The Biography of Beyonce ........................................................................ 19
2.5 Album “4” of Beyonce .............................................................................. 21
2.6 Review of Previous Research .................................................................... 22
2.7 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 23
CHAPTER III: METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
3.1 Research Design ....................................................................................... 24
3.2 Data and Data Source ............................................................................... 24
3.3 Data Collecting ......................................................................................... 24
3.4 Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 25
CHAPTER IV:FINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 The Type of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by
Beyonce .................................................................................................... 26
4.2 The Meaning of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by
Beyonce .................................................................................................... 33
CHAPTER V:DISCUSSION
5.1 The Type of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by
Beyonce .................................................................................................... 54
5.2 The Meaning of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by
Beyonce .................................................................................................... 57
CHAPTER VI:CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................. 69
6.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................. 71
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REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 72
APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 74
STATEMENT ................................................................................................ 102
CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................ 105
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
3.4 The Table of Analyzing The Types of Figurative Language ..................... 25
4.1 The Types of Figurative Language Used in Song Lyrics of “4” Album by
Beyonce .................................................................................................... 26
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
Appendix 1: The Song Lyrics of “4” Album By Beyonce ........................... 75