an empirical study on the status of child labour before ... · the national child labour project...

An Empirical Study on the Status of Child Labour

before and after the Implementation of National

Child Labour Project Scheme in India 1B. Jaya Surian and

2D. Vezhavendan

1Saveetha School of Law,

Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences,

Saveetha University,

Chennai.

[email protected] 2Saveetha School of Law,

Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences,

Saveetha University,

Chennai.

[email protected]

Abstract The present paper deals with the study of child labour before and after

the National Child Labour Project Scheme In India. Child labour is one of

the worst and notable issue in India and this issue was prevailing more

than 100 years .The child labour was constantly increased in India ,the

National Child Labour Project Scheme is the Scheme in which it provides

rules and regulations for labour to work which mainly says the eligibility

of a person to work on the basis their age and its major aim is to eradicate

the child labour in India. Government had initiated the National Child

Labour Project (NCLP) Scheme in 1988 to rehabilitate working children in

12 child labour endemic districts of the country. This paper majorly

concentrates on the current status of the child labour and the thoughts of

the people regarding this scheme.

Key Words:Child labour, national child labour project scheme, mal

administration, welfare projects, fake reports.

International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 119 No. 17 2018, 247-267ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

247

1. Introduction

India is a developing country, according to the CIA’s The World Fact Book

(2011), Many of the laborers are children who work in factories or in homes,

where a large percentage of India’s exports are manufactured. India does have

child labor laws and even ratified their constitution several times but, due to

economic instability child labor practices are still accepted all over the country.

Even though India has created laws and made ratifications to their constitution,

thousands of children are still employed. In a recent survey, an estimated 6%,

199,791,382 children, are employed.(Central Intelligence Agency)

The present paper deals with the study of child labour before and after the

National Child Labour Project Scheme In India also This paper majorly

concentrates on the current status of the child labour and the thoughts of the

people regarding this scheme.

2. Review of Literature

S. S. Tiwana, (1995), “Child Labour in India: An Appraisal”, N- 72,

analysed the problem of child labour both at India and global levels. He made

an effort to analyse the constitutional provisions and policy framework relating

to child labour in India. He has also traced the history of child labour in India

and examined various resolutions passed by International Labour Organisation

(ILO). He also narrated the various legislative measures undertaken by the

Government of India to curtail the problem of child labour. He also analysed the

role of judiciary against the practice of child labour.

JayantiAlam, (1995), “Child Labour: Compulsory Schooling is the only

Solution”, Mainstream, Vol.XXXIII, No. 16., depicted the pitiable position of

child labour in India. He narrated that 82.82 million children between the age

group 6-14 are not in schools because they are forced to work at home tendering

cattle, taking a care of siblings, collecting firewood, water or even working in

the fields or outside cottage industries, small eating houses, tea-stalls or as

domestic worker in middle class houses. Quite often they are doomed to beg,

pick rags, work as bonded labour or even as prostitutes. About 13 to 44 million

or more belong to the latter category of unfortunates. He suggested that

compulsory schooling is a proper solution of child labour in India.

A.R.M Ismail, (1995), “Child Labour in India”, Mainstream, Vol. XXXIII,

No. 52, identified systematic destruction of rural life, menacing spread of

urbanization, commercialization of education and drastic cut in the budgetary

allocation towards various poverty alleviation schemes as the main factors

behind the alarming spread of child labour in India. He also said that India has

come to acquire hasty distinction of possessing the largest child labour force in

International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue

248

the world, despite various measures undertaken by government and

nongovernmental agencies to tackle the exploitation of children

Umesh Chandra Sahoo, (1996), “Child Labour Dimensions in India: An

Appraisal”, New Delhi, analysed that invariably, backwardness and poverty are

considered as the driving forces for the employment of children. Illiteracy, low

social status, lack of schooling facilities is the reasons to reinforce and stimulate

employment of children. It is no wonder then that the legislative measures have

remained more or less ineffective, except perhaps in organized industries. He

found that the “political will” is strongly biased in favour of the proprietary

classes. So long as, the masses are inert and unorganized, the ruling coalition

will try to gain at their expenses

T.N. Kitchlu, (1996), Exploited Child: Perspective, Deep and Deep

Publication, New Delhi, established the fact that sociocultural factors have a

decisive part to play in perpetuation of child labour. He suggested that this

pernicious problem can be tackled through a concerted drive, aimed at

awareness generation, public education, adult literacy etc.

K.N. Bhatt, (2000), “Eliminating Child Labour through Primary

Education: The Indian Scenario”, Mainstream, XXXVIII, No. 49, analysed

the role of primary education in eliminating child labour. He highlighted the

socio-economic factors responsible for the existence of a large number of

working children in the country. He tried to find out why India has utterly failed

to fulfill our constitutional obligation to provide free and compulsory education

to every child up to age of 14 years. He did an attempt to show how it affects

the problem of child labour. He concluded that there is no alternative to free,

compulsory and quality primary education to eliminate child labour. He ensured

the right of each child to education without any further delay. In the end he gave

concrete suggestions to combat the problem of child labour in India.

AshishGhosh and Helen R. Sekar, (2000), “Child Labour in Moradabad

Home Based Industries in the wake of Legislation”, V.V. Giri, National

Labour Institute, Noida, analysed the impact of legislation on the status of

child labour in the home-based brassware industries in Moradabad specially

Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986. They felt that child

labour does exist despite the constitutional, legal and governmental

commitments. They wanted that reasons responsible for child labour must be

identified and impediments removed. They also suggested innovative and

constructive ways to end this unfortunate practice in recognition of the

emerging trends and compulsion with which child labour is associated.

Helen R. Sekar, (2002), Impact of Rehabilitation Programmes on Child

Labour, Commonwealth, New Delhi, analysed the impact of various

rehabilitation programmes initiated by the government and NGOs on child


249

labour. He examined the existing inputs in the policy framework and the

programmes of action for dealing with the issue of child labour. He pointed out

30 that the establishment and running of the special schools is the major activity

under the National Child Labour Project (NCLP) at the ground level. On the

basis of field studies and secondary data, an attempt has been made to examine

the effectiveness of the National Child Labour Project in this study.

JayantilalBhandari, (2002), “Child Labour, Challenges Ahead”, Yojna,

Vol. 52, No. 1, observed that the child labour problem was an intense socio-

economic issue in India that required a long-term multi-pronged strategy to be

carried out on a continuous basis. This strategy should include enforcement of

child labour acts, strengthening of child labour, improvement of economic

conditions of the child‟s parents through various 31 poverty alleviation and

employment generation programmes. He examined that various child labour

elimination programmes and projects should also be strongly evaluated. A

strong enforcement of the labour acts might be done to ensure legal actions

against those who employed children for work, this evil required awareness and

change of approach in all sections of the society. He suggested that both the

government media and non government organisations had to unite to play their

proper role in this holistic task, only then child labour problem could be solved

effectively.

D. B. Mello, (2002), “Child Labour : Dimensions and Policy Options”,

Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol. 45, No. 3. Author said that

problem of child labour was embedded in the larger problem of India‟s

backward capitalist economy. Poverty, misery and degradation derived millions

of parents against their very inherent human inclinations to allow the

exploitation of their own children. He made an attempt to understand the

circumstances in which a technologically backward industrial capitalist

enterprise, situated within the institutions and structures of underdeveloped

capitalism, might change the incidence of employment and exploitation of child

labour.

GopalBhargava, (2003), “Child Labour”, Volume I, Kalpaz Publications,

Delhi, said that the economic exploitation of children has always been an area

of concern in the world over. He highlighted initiatives that are yielding

encouraging results in preventing child labour, as well as in rescuing and

rehibilating bounded children. He suggested ways to expand and accelerate

these initiatives by linking them more directly with national programmes and

international mechanics specifically designed to combat child labour.

Anoop K. Sapathy, Helen R. Sekar and Anup K. Karan, (2010),

“Rehibilitation of Child Labour in India: Lessons Learnt from the

Evaluation of NCLPs”, V.V. Giri National Labour Institute, Noida, analysed the impact of National Child Labour Projects by encompassing 70


250

National Child Labour Project districts located in 15 different states of India.

They presented in details the practices, gaps, challenges and impediments of the

project. They also gave some recommendations to strengthen the programme

and its implementation.

AshaBajpai, (2011), Child Rights in India: Law, Policy and Practice,

Oxford University Press, New Delhi, made an attempt to integrate the law in

the history and field practice. She examined the important legislation and

judgments on the subject, along with the initiatives for legal reform,

interventions 37 by some non-governmental organizations (NGO), and

international legal trends. She also highlighted various relevant regional and

international mechanism and international standards of behavior towards

children. She examined the inadequacies in laws and procedures and looked at

some examples and approaches of current NGO interventions and strategies in

the field to enhance and protect the rights of the child. She also focused on some

legal strategies and law reform recommendations to be carried at all levels-

from local and national, to regional and international

3. Research Gap

There are many researches were done regarding this topic but the major result

will be stating that the number of child labours in India is getting decreased day

by day ,but this paper tries to view in a different perspective compared with the

other researches to reveal the hidden truths regarding this issue.

4. Methods and Materials

The Research is based on Descriptive and Empirical form in which it consists of

Survey,content, analysis, qualitative. The current research has undertook

random sampling with the total sample count of 100. The Survey can be taken

in all over India but this research made a sample survey in the Chennai area

only. Because the ratio of men is higher than women compared to other states.

And the reference method used in the current research is based on Modern

Language Association system.

Sample Size Calculation

Formula

Sample size =Z 2

* (p) * (1-p)/ c 2

Where:

Z = Z value (e.g. 1.96 for 95% confidence level)

p = percentage picking a choice, expressed as decimal (.5 used for sample size

needed)


251

c = confidence interval, expressed as decimal (e.g., .04 = ±4)

Confidence Interval Calculation

Formula:

On deriving we get 13.83

Therefore on implementing this value,

The required sample size will be 83.

Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis:There is no significant impact after the implementation of the

National Child Labour Project Scheme In India.

Alternative Hypothesis: There is significant impact after the implementation of

the National Child Labour Project Scheme In India.

National Child Labour Project (NCLP)

Children are a valuable asset for any society. They constitute a very large

segment of our population. As per 2011 Census, the persons below the age of 14

years account for 29% of the total population while persons between the age

group 14-18 years account for another 10% of the total population. The child‟s

natural place is at school and the playground. However many children are

unfortunately denied these basic development opportunities in childhood. They

instead get burdened with work because of poverty, irregular income streams

for the family, economic shocks, ignorance, lack of access to social security,

education, health facilities, food security etc. The 2013 World Report on Child

Labour prepared by the ILO has observed that child labour can compromise the

productive capacity of workers during adulthood and thereby constrain both

national economic growth and efforts to reduce poverty.(World Health

Organization) Recognizing that child labour is the outcome of multiple causes

and has multiple dimensions, Government of India enacted legislation (1986)

and prepared the national policy on child labour (1987) to tackle the problem

with a multi-pronged approach. The important pillars of the national policy on

the elimination of child labour have been as under:([No Title])

i) Legislative Action Plan--Strict and effective enforcement of legal

provisions relating to child labour under various laws.

ii) Convergence of government developmental programmes – Focus on

converging various developmental initiatives to alleviate poverty,

provide access to social security, health and education, economic and

social empowerment of the child workers and their families.


252

iii) Project based plan of action – Implementation of National Child Labour

Project Scheme (NCLPS) in the areas of high concentration of child

labour.(VenkatKanna; [No Title])

National Child Labour Project Scheme (NCLPS) was started in 1988 to

rehabilitate child labour. The Scheme seeks to adopt a sequential approach with

focus on rehabilitation of children working in hazardous occupations and

processes. Under the Scheme, a survey is conducted of children engaged in

hazardous occupations and processes in a district or a specified area; then

children in the age group of 9-14 years are withdrawn from these occupations

and processes, and put into NCLP Special Training Centres. In the NCLP

Special Training Centres, these children are provided bridge education,

vocational training, mid-day meal, stipend, health care and recreation etc. with

the ultimate objective of preparing them to be mainstreamed into the formal

system of education.(Mustafa and Sharma)

Since the NCLPS started in 1988, there have been a number of developments

which necessitate a review of the basic strategy of operating bridge

schools/special schools under NCLP. The Right of Children to Free and

Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE Act) has been enacted by the

Parliament. Section 3(1) of the RTE Act stipulates that every child in the age

group of 6-14 years has a right to free and compulsory education in a

neighbourhood school till completion of elementary education. Under Section 4,

every child above six years of age who has not been admitted in any school or

though admitted could not complete elementary education, shall be admitted in

an age appropriate class and shall also have a right to receive special

training(Sanghera) to enable successful integration with the rest of the class

academically and emotionally.

Rules framed by the Central Government under RTE Act provide that the

school management committee of a school owned and managed by the

appropriate Government or local authority shall identify children requiring

special training and organize such training in the following manner:

i) The special training shall be based on specially designed, age

appropriate learning material, approved by the academic authority

specified in sub-section (1) of section 29;

ii) It shall be provided in classes held on the premises of the school, or in

classes organised in safe residential facilities; iii) it shall be provided by

teachers working in the school, or by teachers specially appointed for the

purpose(Khalakdina)

Duration of the training shall be for a minimum period of three months which

may be extended, based on periodical assessment of learning progress, for a

maximum period not exceeding two years. This paper tends to analyse the status

of the child labours before and after the implementation of National Child


253

Labour Project Scheme.This paper tends to analyse whether there is a

significant change on Child Labour in India before and after the National Child

Labour Project Scheme.

Objective of the NCLP:1 ▪ This is the major Central Sector Scheme for the rehabilitation of child

labour.

▪ The Scheme seeks to adopt a sequential approach with focus on

rehabilitation of children working in hazardous occupations & processes

in the first instance.

▪ Under the Scheme, survey of child labour engaged in hazardous

occupations & processes has been conducted.

▪ The identified children are to be withdrawn from these occupations &

processes and then put into special schools in order to enable them to be

mainstreamed into formal schooling system.

▪ Project Societies at the district level are fully funded for opening up of

special schools/Rehabilitation Centres for the rehabilitation of child

labour.

▪ The special schools/Rehabilitation Centres provide:

▪ Non-formal/bridge education

▪ Skilled/vocational training

▪ Mid Day Meal(Mahanti)

▪ Stipend @ Rs.150/- per child per month.

▪ Health care facilities through a doctor appointed for a group of 20

schools.([No Title])

The Target Group

The project societies are required to conduct survey to identify children working

in hazardous occupations and processes. These children will then form the

target group for the project society. Of the children identified those in the age

group 5-8 years will have to be mainstreamed directly to formal educational

system through the SSA. Working children in the age group of 9- 14 years will

have to be rehabilitated through NCLP schools established by the Project

Society.(National Resource Centre on Child Labour (India))

Project Implementation

The entire project is required to be implemented through a registered society

under the Chairmanship of administrative head of the district, namely, District

Magistrate/Collector/Dy. Commissioner of the District. Members of the society

1http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/121508/7/07_chapter%202.pdf

http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/9668/10/10_chapter%202.pdf

http://planningcommission.gov.in/reports/sereport/ser/ser_nclp1709.pdf


254

may be drawn from concerned Government Departments, representatives of

Panchayati Raj Institutions, NGOs, Trade Unions, etc.(Das)

Funding Pattern

The projects have been taken up in the Central Sector, the entire funding is done

by the Central Government (Ministry of Labour & Employment). Funds are

released to the concerned Project Societies depending upon the progress of

project activities.

Present Status of NCLP Scheme

At present about 6000 special schools are in operation under NCLP scheme. As

on date more than 10 lakhs children have been mainstreamed into the formal

education system under the Scheme.

Under the constitutional scheme of things, labour falls in the Concurrent List.

Eradication of child labour is therefore the joint responsibility of the Central and

State Governments.

The implementation of the Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act 1986 is

entrusted to the Central Government in a few spheres such as Central

Government Establishments, railway administration, major port, mines, and oil

fields.

In all other cases, the implementation is entrusted to the State

Governments.(Das; Mahanti; National Resource Centre on Child Labour

(India))

NCLPS is a central sector scheme where 100% of the funding is provided by the

Government of India through the Ministry of Labour and Employment. Funds

under the existing NCLP scheme are released by the Central Government

directly to the registered NCLP District Project Society under the

chairpersonship of the administrative head of the district namely District

Magistrate/District Collector (DM/DC)/Deputy Commissioner of the district

who is under administrative control of the State Govt.

The Apex Court Order in WP 465/1986 (also known as the M.C. Mehta case)

(Books)on Child Labour rehabilitation observed that regular monitoring and

survey of child labour in the State is the responsibility of the State

Government(s).

In view of this, State Governments need to play an active and important role in

implementation, coordination and monitoring of the implementation of NCLP

Scheme in their Districts(Das; Mahanti)


255

Table I: Districts Covered By NCLP2

Sl.No Name of

State

No. of

Districts

Name of District

1 Jammu &

Kashmir

2 Udhampur, Srinagar

2 Punjab 3 Jalandhar, Amritsar, Ludhiana

3 Uttarkhand 1 Dehradun

4 Haryana 3 Gurgaon, Faridabad, Panipat

5 Rajasthan 27 Banswara, Jhalawar, Dungarpur, Bundi, Alwar, Udaipur, Dausa, Bharatpur, Tonk,

Pali, Kota, Jodhpur, Jalor, Chittaurgarh, Ajmer, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Hanumangarh,

Churu, Jaipur, Sikar, Dhaulpur, Ganganagar, Barmer, Nagaur, Baran, Jhunjhunun

6 Uttar

Pradesh

47 Sitapur, Aligarh, Rampur, Azamgarh, Bulandshahr, Varanasi, Saharanpur,

Sultanpur, Meerut, Moradabad, Agra, Mathura, Fatehpur, Bareilly, Firozabad,

Ghaziabad, Kheri, Allahabad, Rae Bareli, Balrampur, Kanpur Nagar, Hardoi,

Banda, Basti, Etawah, Faizabad, Unnao, Shrawasti, Pratapgarh, Gonda, Gorakhpur,

Kannauj, Kushinagar, Mau, Ghazipur, Etah, Sonbhadra, Jaunpur, Mirzapur,

Bahraich, Bijnor, Budaun, Lucknow, Kaushambi, Shahjahanpur, Bara Banki,

SantRavidas Nagar (Bhadohi)

7 Bihar 24 Madhepura, Araria, Saran, PashchimChamparan, Darbhanga, Madhubani, Supaul,

Banka, Khagaria, Purnia, Nawada, Begusarai, Jamui, PurbaChamparan, Katihar,

Nalanda, Saharsa, Gaya, Muzaffarpur, Bhagalpur, Patna, Samastipur, Kishanganj,

Sitamarhi

8 Nagaland 1 Dimapur

9 Assam 3 Nagaon, Lakhimpur, Kamrup

10 West Bengal 19 Kolkata, PaschimMedinipur, PurbaMedinipur, Haora, Barddhaman, Darjiling,

Hugli, KochBihar, Murshidabad, Maldah, Birbhum, NorthTwentyFourParganas,

SouthTwentyFourParganas, Bankura, Jalpaiguri, Nadia, DakshinDinajpur,

UttarDinajpur, Puruliya

11 Jharkhand 8 Hazaribagh, Garhwa, Pakur, Ranchi, PashchimiSinghbhum, Sahibganj, Palamu,

Dumka

12 Odisha 18 Rayagada, Sambalpur, Koraput, Anugul, Sundargarh, Bargarh, Baleshwar,

Kalahandi, Jharsuguda, Ganjam, Gajapati, Cuttack, Malkangiri, Debagarh,

Mayurbhanj, Nabarangapur, Nayagarh, Nuapada

13 Chhattisgarh 7 Raipur, Surguja, Korba, Raigarh, Rajnandgaon, Durg, Bilaspur

14 Madhya

Pradesh

21 Sidhi, Damoh, Guna, Gwalior, Mandsaur, Rewa, West Nimar, Sagar, Ujjain, Dhar,

Shivpuri, East Nimar, Chhindwara, Jabalpur, Katni, Barwani, Jhabua, Shajapur,

Ratlam, Rajgarh, Satna

15 Gujarat 9 Ahmadabad, Rajkot, PanchMahals, Bhavnagar, Kachchh, BanasKantha, Dohad,

Surat, Vadodara

16 Maharashtra 16 Nashik, Amravati, Parbhani, MumbaiSuburban, Bid, Solapur, Sangli, Aurangabad,

Yavatmal, Gondiya, Dhule, Jalgaon, Thane, Jalna, Nanded, Nandurbar

17 Andhra

Pradesh

11 SriPottiSriramuluNellore, Anantapur, WestGodavari, Guntur, Visakhapatnam,

Krishna, Chittoor, Vizianagaram, Kurnool, Prakasam, Srikakulam

18 Karnataka 17 Bagalkot, Mandya, Bijapur, Belgaum, Haveri, Tumkur, Bangalore Rural, Dharwad,

Chitradurga, Gulbarga(Kalaburagi), Kolar, Mysore, Davanagere, Koppal, Raichur,

Bellary, Bangalore

19 TamilNadu 16 Dindigul, Thoothukkudi, Tirunelveli, Vellore, Tiruvannamalai, Tiruchirappalli,

Salem, Namakkal, Kancheepuram, Erode, Chennai, Virudhunagar, Theni,

Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri, Coimbatore

20 Telangana 10 Karimnagar, Warangal, Rangareddy, Nizamabad, Medak, Nalgonda, Adilabad,

Mahbubnagar, Khammam, Hyderabad

(Website)

2http://labour.gov.in/schemes/national-child-labour-project-scheme


256

Ministry of Labour and Employment

In order to tackle the problem of child labour in India and Ministry of Labour

and Employment took a three prong approach. First was to set up a legal

framework for prohibition and regulation of child labour. Second was to use

various development programmes to address the needs of working children.

And third was to set up the National Child Labour Project (NCLP). The

objective of this project is to eliminate child labour in hazardous industries by

2010. The complete elimination of labour is a gradual aim of the

project.(Ministry of Labour and Employment and Related Bodies)

Under this scheme, the target group is all children below 14 years of age who

are working in occupations and processes listed in the Schedule to the Child

Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act, 1986 or occupations and processes that

are harmful to the health of the child. As per the 10th plan the following

activities were taken up under the purview of NCLP:

Ensuring Enforcement of Child Labour Laws

Formal and Non- formal education initiatives like Special Schools (Child

Labour Rehabilitation-cum-Welfare Centres). These schools should offer

stipends, nutritional services, and health services to children and proper training

for teachers. The purpose of the school is to prevent children from working in

hazardous industries and mainstreaming them into the formal education

system.(Sharma)

Provision of Vocational Training ● Creating awareness of the harmful effects of child labour on the

development of a child

● Income and employment generation activities for families

● Direct rehabilitation of child labour

● Raising of public awareness

● Survey and evaluation

● During the 10th plan the following strategies were adopted to ensure the

expansion and implementation of the NCLPs:

● Expansion of the NCLPs to additional 150 districts during the Plan.

● Ensuring that NCLPs have clearly defined targets for their areas

● Linking child labour elimination with SarvaShikshaAbhiyan to ensure

child's right to education

● Strengthening the quality and quantity of formal school system in order

to help tackle the problem of dropouts and lack of access to schools.

● Creating a more effective monitoring method of child labourers

● Coordinating between departments and ministries to ensure that no child

is allowed to slip through the system

● Assistance of voluntary organisation in running NCLP schools.


257

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (a) & (b) OF RAJYA

SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3771 FOR 5.4.2017 BY SHRI

BHUPENDER YADAV, HON’BLE MP REGARDING STCs

FUNCTIONING UNDER NCLP SCHEME FOR ERADICATING CHILD

LABOUR.3([No Title])

Table II: STCs Running and Children Enrolled Under NCLP

Sl.

No.

Name of State Number of STCs

running

Number of Children

enrolled

1. Andhra Pradesh 62 2554

2. Assam 179 7183

3. Bihar 156 7708

4. Chattisgarh 0 0

5. Delhi 0 0

6. Gujarat 17 361

7. Haryana 66 3264

8. Jammu &

Kashmir

17 501

9. Jharkhand 195 9510

10. Karnataka 51 2403

11. Madhya Pradesh 292 12800

12. Maharasthra 356 14005

13. Nagaland 44 2200

14. Punjab 98 4849

15. Rajasthan 105 3149

16. Tamil Nadu 321 9745

17. Telangana 168 7419

18. Uttar Pradesh 440 18951

19. Uttarakhand 0 0

20. West Bengal 667 27241

Total 3234 133843

ANNEXURE REFERRED TO IN REPLY TO PART (c) OF RAJYA

SABHA UNSTARRED QUESTION NO. 3771 FOR 5.4.2017 BY SHRI

BHUPENDER YADAV, HON’BLE MP REGARDING STCs

FUNCTIONING UNDER NCLP SCHEME FOR ERADICATING CHILD

LABOUR.

3http://labour.gov.in/sites/default/files/Revised%20NCLP%20Guidelines%20from%2001.0

4.2016.pdf

http://labour.gov.in/schemes/national-child-labour-project-scheme

http://labour.gov.in/childlabour/nclp


258

Table III: Grant Released under NCLP Scheme State Wise During Last

Three Years

(Rupees in lakh) Sl. No. Name of State 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

(As on 30.3.2017)

1. Andhra Pradesh 143.33 196.58 213.01

2. Assam 471.64 807.97 230.34

3. Bihar 1071.82 948.42 168.92

4. Chhattisgarh 432.53 26.00 0

5. Gujarat 7.0 8.25 33.78

6. Haryana 218.71 161.79 412.18

7. Jammu & Kashmir 62.97 47.13 61.04

8. Jharkhand 406.78 375.97 543.72

9. Karnataka 204.60 212.08 132.26

10. Madhya Pradesh 768.71 701.12 878.68

11. Maharashtra 830.08 1017.66 1192.54

12. Nagaland 151.17 131.45 192.69

13. Odisha 355.31 290.91 8.00

14. Punjab 350.24 256.63 325.14

15. Rajasthan 269.25 223.70 138.50

16. Tamil Nadu 731.14 643.08 1015.07

17. Telangana 521.60 547.10 475.76

18. Uttar Pradesh 1103.72 430.07 1333.25

19. Uttarakhand 9.00 4.00 12.34

20. West Bengal 2100.87 2269.34 1916.85

Table IV: State-wise Distribution of Working Children According to

1971,1981, 1991 and 2001 Census in the Age Group 5-14 Years

S.No. Name of the State/UT 1971

(Child Labours)

1971

(Population)

2011

(Child Labours)

2011

(Population)

1 Andhra Pradesh 1627492 43,502,710 404851 49665533

2 Assam * 239349 14,625,157 99512 31169272

3 Bihar 1059359 42,126,800 451590 103804630

4 Gujarat 518061 26,697,488 250318 60383628

5 Haryana 137826 10,036,430 53492 25753081

6 Himachal Pradesh 71384 3,460,434 15001 6856509

7 Jammu & Kashmir 70489 4,616,632 25528 12548926

8 Karnataka 808719 29,299,015 249432 61130704

9 Kerala 111801 21,347,300 21757 33387677

10 Madhya Pradesh 1112319 30,017,180 286310 72,597,565

11 Maharashtra 988357 50,412,240 496916 112,372,972

12 Chhattisgarh 11,637,800 63884 25,540,196

13 Manipur 16380 1,073,509 11805 2,721,756

14 Meghalaya 30440 1,011,699 18839 2,964,007

15 Jharkhand 14,227,493 90996 32,966,238

16 Uttaranchal 4,493,800 28098 10,116,752

17 Nagaland 13726 516,110 11062 1,980,602


259

18 Orissa 492477 21,944,625 92087 41,947,358

19 Punjab 232774 13,551,069 90353 |27,704,236

20 Rajasthan 587389 25,765,810 252338 68,621,012

21 Sikkim 15661 210,205 2704 607,688

22 Tamil Nadu 713305 41,199,170 151437 72,138,958

23 Tripura 17490 1,556,342 4998 3,671,032

24 Uttar Pradesh 1326726 83,849,775 896301 199,581,477

25 West Bengal 511443 44,312,017 234275 91,347,736

26 Andaman & Nicobar Island 572 115,874 999 379,944

27 Arunachal Pradesh 17925 468,885 5766 1,382,611

28 Chandigarh 1086 257,100 3135 1054686

29 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 3102 74,880 1054 342,853

30 Delhi 17120 4,066,400 26473 16,753,235

31 Daman and Diu 7391 63,000 774 242,911

32 Goa 795,997 6920 1,457,723

33 Lakshadweep 97 32,900 28 64,429

34 Mizoram *** 332,190 2793 1,091,014

35 Pondicherry 3725 472,836 1421 1,244,464

Total 10753985 548170845 4353247 120007895

Source: Primary Source

Graph 1: Overall Survey


260

Diagram-1

Implementation of NCLP

Source: Primary Source

The above chart clearly depicts the current status of this act by making the

opinions of the people in the society as its major concern.

5. Discussion

The current paper has undergone a research regarding the status of the child

labour before and after the implementation of the National Child Labour Project

Scheme. And this research finalised its opinion by the opinion of the people in

the society as its major concern.

The factors in which that affected the scheme are mainly two, they are,

● Mal Administration and

● Fake reports on the count of child labour

The maladministration and the fake reports were main reason for fall of the

scheme once it has been clarified then the scheme would be a great success and

it will be a great help for the child labours.There were many studies made in

past years with their primary result showing that the number of child labours

were getting decreased day by day but this paper has viewed the society in

another perspective to obtain the appropriate result.


261

6. Conclusion

According to the survey conducted regarding the National Child labour Project

Scheme, this scheme was a total failure and it is not even implemented properly

was the thought of the majority of the people but according to the reports given

by the government this scheme was a great success and it is properly

implemented. Finally the present paper concludes its work by stating that people

knows their situation more properly as compared with the government it is

because even the government appoints officers to take a survey but the survey

that is made by the officers were completely fake and this statement was also

given my the majority of the people who took part in this survey, Therefore the

null hypothesis is true.

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