DAY OF

AFRICAN CHILD

Zourne

Zanfan Afriken

Ministry of Gender Equality,Child Development and Family Welfare

Minister Egalite Zom-Fam,Devlopman Zanfan ek Bienet fami

National Children’s CouncilKonsey Nasional bann Zanfan

and/ek

Nelson Mandela Centre for African Culture Trust Fund

Sant Nelson Mandelapou Kiltir Afriken ek Kreol

An Exhibition of the Nelson Mandela Centre for African Culture Trust Fund 2015

Enn ExpozisionSant Nelson Mandela pou Kiltir Afriken ek Kreol 2015

On 16 June 1976 in Soweto, South Africa, thousands of black school children took to the streets to protest about the inferior quality of their education and

to demand their right to be taught in their own language. Hundreds of them were shot down; and in the two weeks of protest that followed, more than a hundred people were killed and more than a thousand injured.

To honor their courage, in 1991 the Organisation of African Unity (now the African Union) established the Day of the African Child. This exhibition is a tribute to the African youth of 1976 who gave their lives to fight injusticeand oppression.

This is a lesson in heroism to the youths of today that it is possible to stand up and confront the challenges facing them.

16 zin 1976 dan Soweto, Sid Afrik, plizier milie zelev nwar finn desann dan lari pou proteste kont kalite ledikasion inferyer ki zot ti pe gagne ek pou reklam zot drwa

pou resewvar ledikasion dan zot langaz. Plizier santenn dant zot finn trouv lamor par kout bal ek dan sa de semenn protestasion la, bilan ti bien lour, avek plis ki enn santenn mor ek par milie blese.

Pou onor zot kouraz, an 1991, Organizasion Inite Afriken (ki aster apel Inion Afriken) finn dekret sa zour la Zourne Zanfan Afriken.

Sa expozision la rann omaz sa bann zenn la ki an 1976 finn donn zot lavi pou lalit kont inzistis ek opresion. Zot aksion se enn leson pou zenes zordi ki zot bizin debout ek lite pou fer fas bann problem.

On the morning of June 16, 1976, thousands of students from the African township of Soweto, outside Johannesburg, South Africa gathered at their schools to participate in a student-organized

demonstration. Many of them carried protest signs that read, ‘Down with Afrikaans and Bantu Education– to Hell with it;’ others sang freedom songs as the unarmed crowd of school children marched towards Orlando soccer stadium where a peaceful rally had been planned.

The immediate cause for the June 16, 1976, march was student opposition to a decree issued by the Bantu Education Department that imposed as the medium of instruction in half the subjects in higher primary (middle school) and secondary school (high school). Since members of the ruling spoke Afrikaans, black students viewed it as the “language of the oppressor.” Moreover, lacking fluency in Afrikaans, African teachers and pupils experienced first-hand the negative impact of the new policy in the classroom.

16 Z i n 1 9 7 6 , b o n e r

gramatin, plizier milie zelev depi site Soweto, ki trouv an deor Johannesburg dan Lafrik di Sid finn rasanble pou komans enn manifestasion etidian. Plizier ti sarye bann pankart kot ti ekrir : ‘Nou pa oule Afrikaans ek Ledikasion Bantu- fou zot deor !’ ; bann lezot ti pe sant bann sante liberte alor ki lafoul zanfan lekol ki ti san zarm zot ti pe marse ver stad foutbborl Orlando kot ti finn prevwar enn rasanbleman pasifik..

Rezon principal sa manifestasion la seki zot ti kont enn lalwa dekrete par Ledikasion Bantu kot ti pe inpoz langaz Afrikaans kouma mediom ansgenman pou lamwatie bann size ki fer dan bann gran klas dan lekol primer ek osi dan kolez. Etan done ki bann manb National Party ki ti pe diriz pei ti koz Afrikaans, bann etidian nwar ti konsider sa langaz la kouma langaz bann opreser. Lor la, lefet ki bann profeser ek zelev na pa ti konn koz Afrikaans bien, zot ti fer toutswit lexperyans inpak negatif sa nouvo politik la dan klas.

THE SOWETO UPRISING

REVOLT SOWETO

On their pathway they were met by heavily armed police who fired teargas and later live ammunition on demonstrating students. Many students ran for shelter, while others responded

by pelting the police with stones.

That day, two students, Hastings Ndlovu and Hector Pieterson, died from police gunfire; hundreds more sustained injuries during the subsequent chaos that engulfed Soweto. The shootings in Soweto sparked a massive uprising that soon spread to more than 100 urban and rural areas throughout South Africa.

Lor zot larout zot finn zwenn lapolis ki ti bien arme. Bann lapolis la finn komans tir lor bann etidian ki ti pe manifeste. Bokou bann etidian ti galoupe pou rod enn plas pou kasiet me ti ena lezot ki

ti finn reazir par anvoy kout ros lor bann lapolis la.

Sa zour la, 2 edidian, Hastings Ndlovu ek Hector Pieterson finn trouv lamor kan lapolis tir kout fizi ; pou ena ankor plizier santenn blese pandan ki Soweto pou plonz dan enn gran dezord. Bann kout bal dan Soweto pou provok enn revolt masif ki ti propaz osito dan plis ki 100 rezion irben ek riral partou dan Sid Afrik.

POLICE BRUTALITY

VIOLANS LAPOLIS

Hector Pieterson is the most famous person who joined the protest. He was born on 1963. He became the iconic image of the 1976 Soweto uprising when a newspaper photograph

by Sam Nzima took a picture of him dying and being carried by a fellow student. This was published all around the world. He died on 16 June 1976 which is the first day of the protest.

Hector Pieterson ti enn bann dimoun ki pli koni ki ti’nn partisip dan sa manifestasion la. Li finn ne an 1963. Li finn vinn sinbol revolt Soweto 1976 kan enn zournal finn piblie enn foto Sam

Nzima- foto la ti pe montre enn etidian ki ti pe sarye kadav Hector Pieterson. Sa foto la finn piblie dan lemond antie. Li finn mor 16 Zin 1976, ki ti premie zour manifestasion.

He died on 16 June 1976

Li finn mor 16 Zin 1976

On the second day of the uprising, the violence spread to African townships in the West Rand and Johannesburg. At the University of Witwatersrand, police broke up

a group of 400 white students who had been marching to express their solidarity with the pupils of Soweto. On the third day, police began placing youth protestors in jail. What began as a local demonstration against the use of Afrikaans language quickly turned into a countrywide youth uprising against apartheid oppression.

Deziem zour revolt, violans ti finn propaze dan tou bann site dan West Rand ek Johannesburg. Dan iniversite Witwatersand, lapolis servi violans kont enn group 400

zelev blan ki ti pe marse pou exprim zot solidarite avek bann zelev Soweto.

Trwaziem zour revolt, lapolis finn komans met bann zen manifes-tan dan kaso. Saki ti koumans kouma enn manifestasion lokal kont itilizasion langaz Afrikaans dan lekol ti devlop bien vit an enn soulevman zeneral bann zenn dan antie pei kont opresion aparteid.

I

SPREAD OF THE RESISTANCE

REZISTANS PROPAZE

The police shootings and the defiant response of African students in Soweto emboldened youth throughout the country to wage protests. Students in Port Elizabeth mobilized in their schools,

leading to a conflict between the police and a crowd of 4,000 high school students and township residents en route to the local soccer stadium that left eight residents dead.

Protest was not limited to African students. In the Cape, Coloured and African high school students expressed solidarity with students in Soweto, while black students at the University of the Western Cape boycotted their classes for a week and clashed with police and university authorities. Demonstrations also took place in rural boarding schools and black University campuses all over the country.

Bann kout fizi lapolis ek rebelion bann etidian Afriken dan Soweto finn donn kouraz bann zenn dan pei pou manifeste zot osi. Bann etidian dan Port Elizabeth ti mobilize dan zot lekol seki finn amen

enn konfli ant lapolis ek enn lafoul anviron 4000 etidian kolez ek abitan site ki ti pe diriz ver stad foutbborl; rezilta 8 abitan finn trouv lamor.

Se pa selman bann etidian Afriken ki ti pe manifeste. Dan Cape, bann Coloured ek bann etidian kolez ti pe exprim zot solidarite avek bann etidian dan Soweto alor ki bann etidian nwar depi Iniversite Western Cape ti finn boycott zot klas pandan enn semenn ek ti konfront lapolis ek bann responsab iniversite.Ti ena osi bann manifestasion dan bann boarding school ki ti trouv dan rezion riral ek bann kanpis iniversite nwar a traver pei.

II

SPREAD OF THE RESISTANCE

REZISTANS PROPAZE

The student uprising marked a decisive turning point in the history of the anti-apartheid struggle. The student demonstrations alone did not succeed in bringing

down the regime, but they did give new life to the resistance movement.

Revolt bann etidian finn mark enn tournan desizif dan listwar ek konba anti-aparteid. Sa manifestasion etidian la pa ti sifi pou kas sa sistem la, me li finn kontribie pou

donn nouvo lavi mouvman rezistans.

LESSONS IN RESISTANCE

BANN LESON DAN REZISTANS

The sixteenth of June was a dark day in the history of South Africa as hundreds

of young people were killed, and thousands others tortured and imprisoned. On this day the youth of South Africa stood up to challenge oppression. However, it stands to be noted that there are valuable lessons that can be drawn from that occurrence.

16 Zin 1976 ti enn zour tris dan listwar Sid Afrik parski plizier santenn

zenn finn trouv lamor ek plizier milie finn tortire ek ferme dan prizon. Sa zour la, zeness Sid Afrik finn diboute pou lit kont opresion. Sepandan, li bon note ki ena bann leson bien ris ki nou kapav tire depi sa evenman la.

The youth were self-motivated to bring about change and transformation. They had a passion to see things being done differently that it drove them out of their comfort zones.

It is the passion for change that drove them to do something for themselves as a people. We can take this lesson and use it in our generation. If we are passionate for change as the Soweto youth of 1976 nothing can stop us from bringing the change we want to see in our communities.

LESSONS / BANN LESON

Zeness ti motive pou amenn sanzman ek transform zot pei. Zot ti telman pasione ki zot ti anvi trouv ki bann kitsoz fer dan enn lot fason. Sa finn fors zot sorti dan zot zonn konfor.

Se pasion pou sanzman ki’nn pouss zot fer kitsoz pou zot mem kouma enn sel lepep. Nou kapav inspir nou de sa leson la dan nou zenerasion. Si nou pasione pou sanzman kouma bann zenn dan Soweto an 1976, nanye pa pou kapav anpes nou amenn sanzman ki nou anvi dan nou kominote.

We also learn the tremendous power of a decisive collective mind-set. The youth of Soweto had decided to oppose oppressive rule and dedicated themselves toward that

very mission. They did not give up at the first show of challenges and set-backs. They had made up their minds to fight for their freedom at the cost of their own lives. As young people we can achieve more if we decide to put our minds on a certain goal and pursue that goal and not give up in the face of adversity.

LESSON / LESON : I

COLLECTIVE MIND-SET

MET LATET ANSAM POU ENN

PANSE KOLEKTIF

Nou osi aprann pouvwar extraordiner panse kolektif. Bann zenn Soweto ti finn deside pou lit kont opresion ek finn donn tou pou reisi dan zot mision. Zot na pa finn bess lebra kan

zot finn rankontre bann obstak ek esek. Zot ti’nn deside pou lite pou zot liberte mem si zot ti bizin sakrifie zot lavi. An tan ki zenn nou kapav fer plis si nou met nou latet ansam pou atenn enn obzektif ek na pa bess lebra dan difikilte.

LESSON / LESON : II

TEAMWORK

TRAVAY AN EKIP

The most important lesson that can be learnt from the June 16 happening is the remarkable result of teamwork. The uprising would not have been successful if it was carried

out by just one young person. Instead, it was the culmination of the efforts of every single youth. They committed themselves to see their hopes and dreams come true. They wanted a better life for themselves and they worked together to achieve their dream in spite of the challenges they encountered along the path to realizing their dream of freedom.

Leson pli inportan ki nou kapav tire de sa evenman 16 Zin se rezilta remarkab travay an ekip. Sa revolt la pa ti pou enn sikse si li ti finn fer zis par enn sel zenn. Se zefor tou bann

zenn ki finn fer sa revolt la vinn posib. Zot finn donn tou pou ki zot lespwar ek zot rev vinn realite. Zot ti anvi enn meyer lavi ek zot tou finn travay ansam pou resi dan sa mision la malgre bann obstak ki zot ti rankontre lor zot larout pou fer zot rev liberte vinn realite.

LESSON / LESON : III

UNITY IN ADVERSITY

INITE DAN ADVERSITE

Where there is teamwork and cooperation people can achieve their aim. As the youth of today we need to unite in the face of divisive religious, cultural, racial and

socio-economic forces. This is possible in our time if we choose to overcome factors that divide us and stand in solidarity to achieve a common goal of progressive development in our schools, work places and communities. Essentially the success of building better communities as leaders of tomorrow lies in our willingness to serve our communities in-spite of the challenges we might face while doing so.

Kot ena lespri lekip ek korperasion, dimounn kapav atenn zot obzektif. Antan ki zen zordi zour, nou bizen ini fas kont bann lafors ki parfwa diviz atraver relizion, kiltir, ras ek nou

pozision sosial ek ekonomik. Sa li posib zordi si nou swazir pou sirmont bann fakter ki diviz nou ek nou res ini ek solider pou resi atenn enn obzektif komen pou progre ek amenn devlopman dan nou bann lekol, nou plas travay, nou kominote ek nou pei.

Pou resi rann nou kominote meyer, pou bann zenn ki pou vinn bann lider demin, nou bizin kapav ena volonte pou lite ek avanse malgre bann lobstak ki devan nou.

THE DAY OF AFRICAN CHILD

ZOURNE ZANFAN AFRIKEN

In order to honour the memory of those killed and to give courage to all those who

participated in the march, the Day of African Child has been celebrated on the 16th June every year since 1991. This day is a special day being dedicated to all African’s Children, which was first initiated by the organization of African Unity. It should be a day for celebrating and acknowledging our Children as Africa’s most valuable asset. It is a day on which nations, families and communities should reflect on the challenges and threats that compromise the healthy growth and development of children, and their health and well-being of African Children in the diaspora. It is also a day on which all of us, as adults, should assess opportunities for enhancing Children’s lives, individually and collectively, in the home, in schools, communities and other institutions that potentially make a positive difference in the life a Child.

Pou onor memwar bann ki finn perdi lavi ek pou rann omaz bann seki ti partisip dan sa lamars la, Zourne Zanfan Afriken selebre sak lane dat 16 Zin depi 1991. Sa zour la li enn zour spesial ki

dedie a tou bann zanfan Lafrik ek li enn inisiativ Organizasion Inite Afriken. Se enn zour kot selebre ek rekonet nou zanfan kouma pli gran valer pou Lafrik. Se enn zour kot bann nasion, bann fami, bann kominote ek bann pei bizin reflesi lor bann obstak ek bann danze ki riske met an danze bon devlopman nou bann zanfan. Li osi enn zour kot tou adilt bizin reflesi lor kouma pou amelior lavi bann zanfan, ki li dan lekol, dan lakaz, dan nou kominote ek dan bann institision ki kapav fer enn diferans pozitif dan lavi enn zanfan.

THE DAY OF THE

AFRICAN CHILD

ZOURNE ZANFAN AFRIKEN

OBJECTIVES

The Day of African Child presents an opportunity for all Stake-holders on children’s rights, including government, non-governmental and international entities, to reflect on

issues affecting children in the region. The Day of African Child is an opportune moment to take stock of the progress made and the outstanding challenges towards the full realization of the rights of children in the region. To this end, the African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, the treaty body vested with the mandate to monitor the implementation the rights contained in the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC), annually selects a theme for the commemoration of the Day of African Child.

BANN OBZEKTIF

Zourne Zanfan Afriken se enn oportinite pou ki tou bann seki konserne par drwa bann zanfan, (gouvernman, sosiete sivil, ek bann institision internasional) reflesi lor bann problem

ki afekte bann zanfan. Sa zourne la, li enn bon moman pou gete ki progre finn fer ziska aster ek ki res pou fer pou ki kapav realiz ek fer respekte drwa bann zanfan. Pou fer sa, Komite Afriken Exper lor Drwa ek Bienet Zanfan, komite ki an sarz inplemantasion bann rekomandasion ek bann drwa ki ena dan Sart Afriken lor Drwa ek Bienet Zanfan, swazir enn tem pou komemor sa zour la sak lane.

THE DAY OF AFRICAN CHILD

ZOURNE ZANFAN AFRIKEN

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

•Awarenessoftherights,capabilities and potential of childrenanddrawattentiontothesituationofthosewhoare particularly vulnerable to marginalization and / or violence;

•Disseminatenationalandinternational instruments for the protection of the child and promote a better understanding of the practical implications of the various obligations they entail;

•Engaginggovernmentand private organizations and partners to conduct combined actions to ensure the realization of children’s rights;

• Identifyeffectivemechanismsand strategies for the prevention and treatment of the abuse of children’s rights;

•Organizeactivitiescelebrating the Day of the African Child throughout the country.

BANN OBZEKTIF SPESIFIK

•Ferkonndrwa,kapasiteekpotansielbannzanfanekatirlatansionlorsitiasionbannkiplivilnerabamarzinalizasionek/ouswaviolans;

•Donnbannmwayenpouprotezbannzanfanonivonasionalekinternasionalekpromouvwarennmeyerkonesansbanninplikasionkisabanndiferanangazmanlarepreszante;

•AngazGouvernmanekbannorganizasionpriveekbannlezotpartnerpoutravayansampouimplemantdrwabannzanfan;

• Idantifiebannmekanismekbannstratezipouprevansionektretmanabikontdrwabannzanfan;

•OrganizbannaktivitepouselebreZourneZanfanAfrikendanpei.

THE DAY OF AFRICAN CHILD

ZOURNE ZANFAN AFRIKEN

RECENT THEMES

2015: “25 Years after the adoption of the African Children’s Charter: Accelerating our collective efforts to end Child Marriage in Africa”

2014: “Child friendly, quality, free and compulsory education for all children in Africa.”

2013: “Eliminate the negative social and cultural practices affectingchildren:Ourcollective responsibility.”

2012: “The rights of children withdisabilities:Dutytoprotect, respect, promote and realize.”

2011: “All together for urgent actions in favor of street children.”

BANNTEMKIFINNENAZISKALER

2015: 25 an apre adopsion Sart Zanfan Afriken: Akseler nou bann zefor kolektif pou eradik Maryaz bann Zanfan.

2014: Enn ledikasion korek pou zanfan, avek kalite, gratwiekobligatwarpoutouzanfandanLafrik

2013: Eliminn bann pratik sosial ek kiltirel negatif kiafektebannzanfan:Liresponsabilite tou dimoun

2012:Drwabannzanfanandikape:Noudevwarpou proteze, respekte, promouvwarekferkitsoz.

2011: Ansam anou pran bann aksion irzan pou bann zanfan lari.

CONCEPTUALISATIONOFEXHIBITION

Nelson Mandela Centre

for African CULTURE TRUST FUND

Dr Jimmy Harmon,(PhD University of the Western Cape, M.ED Leadership. Australian Catholic University),

Director of the Nelson Mandela Centre for African and Kreol Culture.

Mr Stéphan Karghoo( M.A Historical Studies, University of Mauritius, B.A (Hons) History with International Relations,

University of Mauritius, Visiting Scholar, Stanford University, California) ,Head of Research and Documentation

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

MINISTRyOFGENDEREqUALITy,CHILDDEvELOPMENTANDFAMILyWELFARE

NATIONALCHILDREN’SCOUNCIL

NELSONMANDELACENTREFORAFRICANCULTURETRUSTFUND

SOURCES

South African History Online- http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/june-16-soweto-youth-uprising

Overcoming Apartheid Building Democracy

http://overcomingapartheid.msu.edu/

16 June 1976 Student Uprising in Soweto http://africanhistory.about.com/od/apartheid/a/Soweto-Uprising-Pt1.htm

1976: The Soweto riots

https://libcom.org/history/1976-the-soweto-riots

An Exhibition of the Nelson Mandela Centre for African Culture Trust Fund 2015 Department of Research and Documentation

2015