AN INTERNATIONAL SOLUTION TO A GLOBAL

PROBLEM

A Global Problem

• What is cybercrime?

• How does it affect us ?

• The solution

Impacts

• Cybercrime (hacking, spoofing, DDOS, ID Theft)Cybercrime (hacking, spoofing, DDOS, ID Theft)• Cyber-terrorismCyber-terrorism• Fraud and money launderingFraud and money laundering• Drug/human/firearm; crossborder(s)Drug/human/firearm; crossborder(s)• HomicideHomicide• BlackmailBlackmail

Definition of Cybercrime

Cybercrime

&

Cyber Security

Definition of Cybercrime

Offences against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computer data and systems

Computer-related offences Content-related offences

• Offences related to intellectual

property rights and similar rights

The Way it Was vs. How it is Now

The Way it Was• Nearly all crimes were local • Evidence never far from the crime scene

How it is Now• Crimes committed remotely• International element added to any crime• Specialised Procedures & Forensics• Evidence across borders• How to get Legal Assist across borders

Only Way

International Cooperation

(Laws, Treaty)

The Solution – The Cybercrime Convention

• Defines key terms

• Provides an overview of substantive offences

• Describes procedural requirements

AIMS

• Harmonise domestic criminal law

• Establish the necessary procedural powers for investigation and prosecution

• Establish a fast and effective regime of international co-operation

Cybercrime Convention• Only multilateral treaty for cybercrime

• Already implemented in many countries

• Others taking into consideration to become Party

• Used as Model Law

• Tools for LEA [investigate & evidence collection]

• Flexible mechanisms to avoid conflicts with national legislations and proceedings [sovereignty – options]

• Set a global trend for better cybercrime laws

• Global standard

Cybercrime Convention

Enable & Facilitate International Cooperation by:

• Harmonise substantive cyber crime law;

• Harmonise procedural law - investigative powers [evidence collection];

• International Cooperation in Fighting Cyber Crime.

Substantive Criminal Law

• The convention seeks to establish common minimum standards of relevant offences

• Prevent criminals operating from jurisdiction with lower standards

• Facilitate international co-operation

Structure/Framework

Structure/FrameworkDefinitions & Substantive provisions:

• Illegal access• Illegal Interception• Data Interference• System Interference • Misuse of Devices• Computer Forgery & Fraud• Child Pornography• Intellectual Property Rights

• Aiding Abetting• Corporate Liability

Procedural Provisions• Powers

• Procedures

• Collection of Evidence

• Conditions & Safeguards

• Expedited preservation:– stored computer data– and partial disclosure of traffic data

Procedural Provisions

• Production Order (specified data / subscriber info)

• Search & Seizure of stored computer data

• Real Time Collection of Traffic Data

• Interception of Content Data

• Jurisdiction

International Cooperation• Default• Extradition• Legal Mutual Assistance• Spontaneous Information• Confidentiality and limitation on use• Expedited preservation of stored computer data• Expedited disclosure of preserved traffic data• Mutual assistance regarding

– accessing of stored computer data – access to real-time collection of traffic data– interception of content data

• 24/7 Network

Followed?

• Ratifications• Model Laws:

– Commonwealth Model Law– BSA Model Law

• Model Law for Regional frameworks• Model Law itself / Best Practice• Basis for Bilateral Cooperation

UK RATIFICATION – 25 May 2011

2011 OCTOPUS  Interface Conference  (21-23 November 2011)

Results of the Octopus ConferenceNeed to:

• Implementation of the Cybercrime Convention on Cybercrime worldwide

• Strengthen legislation and its implementation• Train law enforcement, prosecutors and judges• Establish high –tech crime and other specialist

units• Make international cooperation more efficient• Improve public/private cooperation, and multi-

stakeholder cooperation • Enhance the protection of children

Global Project on Cybercrime

Output 1: Legislation & policies• Strengthen legislation (Nigeria, Uganda, Argentina,

Vietnam, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Mauritius etc)

• Promote ratifications/accession to Cybercrime Convention

• Promote Cybercrime Convention as global instrument

• Initiate global review of legislation

Plans

Output 2: International Cooperation

• Strengthen effectiveness of MLA

• Study Implications of cloud computing on law enforcement

Plans

Output 3:

Investigation: LEA – ISP Cooperation

• Country specific workshops and support

Output 4:

Training Judges and prosecutors India, Egypt, Portugal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Mauritius

• Global Prosecutors E-Crime Network (GPEN)

Five reasons for becoming a partner

1. Common objectives

2. Cost effective participation in a global capacity building effort

3. Public – private cooperation

4. Up to date information on development worldwide

5. Reputational benefits and visibility

2011 OCTOPUS

Interface Conference

  (21-23 November 2011)

KEY

Commonwealth Model Law

For Further Information Contact

Contact : Alexander Seger

Email: Alexander.Seger@coe.int

Tel: +33-3-9021 4506

www.coe.int/cybercrime

Questions?

Zahid Jamilzahid@jamilandjamil.com