an introduction to computer graphicsdmn.netlab.uky.edu/~seales/cs100/lecture/ruigang-2015.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
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An Introduction to Computer Graphics
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2015/10/7
• Education – PhD, UNC-Chapel Hill, 2003
– M.S. Columbia Univ., 1998
• Research – Computer vision/graphics
– Large display visualization
– Tele-presence
Ruigang Yang
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 3
Outline
• Definitions:
– What is Computer Graphics?
• Coverage:
– What does Computer Graphics study?
• Applications:
– What is Computer Graphics good for?
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 4
Definitions
• The creation, display, and storage of pictures with a computer.
• The process associated with producing images by digital rendering of a picture model.
• Generation of (possibly realistic) images of virtual scenes using computer hardware.
• A human-oriented system that uses the capabilities of a computer to create, transform, and display pictorial and symbolic data.
• The synthesis of artificial images--the creation of pictures from descriptions.
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 5
Covered Areas
• Imaging:
– Representing and handling 2D images.
• Modeling:
– Representing objects using 3D models.
• Rendering:
– Generating 2D images from 3D models.
• Animation:
– Simulating changes over time.
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 6
Modeling
• How to represent complex objects in computer?
– Human body
– Mountain
– Tree
– Flower
– …
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3D Modeling
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Rendering
• 1960s - the visibility problem
– Roberts (1963), Appel (1967) - hidden-line algorithms
– Warnock (1969), Watkins (1970) - hidden-surface algorithms
– Sutherland (1974) - visibility = sorting
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• 1960s - the visibility problem – Roberts (1963), Appel (1967) - hidden-line algorithms – Warnock (1969), Watkins (1970) - hidden-surface
algorithms – Sutherland (1974) - visibility = sorting
• 1970s - raster graphics – Gouraud (1971) - diffuse lighting – Phong (1974) - specular lighting – Blinn (1974) - curved surfaces, texture – Catmull (1974) - Z-buffer hidden-surface algorithm – Crow (1977) - anti-aliasing
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 11
Rendering
• How to generate photorealistic effects?
– Color bleeding
– Soft shadow
– Caustics
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 12
Animation
• How to simulate the movement of …?
– Liquid
– Human
– Animal
– Cloth
– …
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 13
Applications
• Entertainment:
– Movies
– Games
• Scientific visualization:
– Medical imaging
• Computer-aided design.
• Computer-aided education:
– Training.
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 14
Movies
• Objectives:
– Create special effects.
– Make cartoons.
• Challenges:
– High quality.
– Photo-realistic.
https://www.facebook.com/video.php?v=1244076069734
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 15
Games
• Objectives:
– Fun games.
• Challenges:
– Interactivity.
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 16
Data Visualization
• Objectives:
– Visualize data
• Challenges:
– Huge datasets.
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Medical Imaging
• Objectives:
– Represent the measuring results visually.
– Help to diagnose.
The visible human project
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Wednesday, October 07, 2015 18
Computer-aided Design
• Objectives:
– Shorten the design circle.
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3D Printing
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Give 3D Printer Color
Computational Hydrographic Printing
Yizhong Zhang, Chunji Yin, Changxi Zheng, Kun Zhou
http://gaps-zju.org/hydrographics/index.html
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Computer-aided Education
• Objectives:
– Create virtual environments.
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GRAPHICS/VISIO RESEARCH @ GRAVITY
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My 3D Research
Mono Stereo Multi- View
RGBD Lidar
Face
Body
Exterior
Interior
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3D Reconstruction of Water
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Residential Scene Modeling
• Receives little attention but equally important!
• They are everywhere!
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Residential Scene Modeling
• Input: ground-based LiDAR point clouds with geo-registered images
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Residential Scene Modeling
• Output: complete 3D models with textures of common objects in a residential scene
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Show Video
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Pose Tracking
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Virtual Try-on
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Automatic Segmentation
Image with bounding box
for Grabcut (4th Column)
Background (red) color seeds
Foreground (blue) color seeds
Results of our automatic
algorithm
Results of Grabcut
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Stereoscopic Conversion
Original Image Stereo: Red-Cyan Anaglyph
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Stereoscopic Conversion
Original Image Stereo: Red-Cyan Anaglyph
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FOV Expansion
Original Image FOV Expanded
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FOV Expansion
Original Image FOV Expanded
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FOV Expansion
Original Image FOV Expanded
Content aware resizing case
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FOV Expansion
Original Image FOV Expanded
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FOV Expansion
Original Image FOV Expanded
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Thank you
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Random Cool Stuffs
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The Evolution of Computer Graphics
Sketchpad , 1963 Ivan Sutherland
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• early 1980s - global illumination
– Whitted (1980) - ray tracing
– Goral, Torrance et al. (1984), Cohen (1985) - radiosity
– Kajiya (1986) - the rendering equation
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• early 1980s - global illumination
– Whitted (1980) - ray tracing
– Goral, Torrance et al. (1984), Cohen (1985) - radiosity
– Kajiya (1986) - the rendering equation
• late 1980s - photorealism
– Cook (1984) - shade trees
– Perlin (1985) - shading languages
– Hanrahan and Lawson (1990) - RenderMan
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• early 1990s - non-photorealistic rendering
– Drebin et al. (1988), Levoy (1988) - volume rendering
– Haeberli (1990) - impressionistic paint programs
– Salesin et al. (1994-) - automatic pen-and-ink illustration
– Meier (1996) - painterly rendering
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The Evolution of Computer Graphics
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What is Reality
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Traditional Rendering
3D model New image
New image
New image
2D image
Rendering
Real-time Rendering on NVIDIA, 2012
Photo Realism
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What Is Multimedia?
• Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content forms
• It includes a combination of text, audio, still images, animation, video, or interactivity content forms.
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Haptic interface
Sensable Technologies Inc.
PHANTOM Desktop
Virtual Technologies Inc.
Cyber Force
Immersion co.
Impulse stick
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Image-Based Modeling and Rendering
Image Image Image Image Image
3D model New image
New image
New image
2D image
Rendering
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Computer Vision • A discipline related to Artificial Intelligence
– “Let computer see”
• Obtaining 3D models – A Branch of CV that focuses on reconstruction of 3D model from 2D images
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Computer Graphics
• What is the goal of computer graphics again
• Given a 3D model, we’ll make a 2D image
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Bridge the Gap between Computer Graphics & Computer Vision
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State of the Art
Image Inpainting
http://www.iua.upf.es/~mbertalmio//restoration.html
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View Morphing
http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/seitz/vmorph/vmorph.htm
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Matting
http://www.cs.ust.hk/~leojia/all_final_papers/matting_siggraph04.pdf
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Interactive Digital Photomontage
http://grail.cs.washington.edu/projects/photomontage/photomontage.pdf
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High-Dynamic Imaging
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Colorization Using Optimization
http://www.cs.huji.ac.il/~yweiss/Colorization/index.html
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Giga Images
SIGGRAPH 2007 Capturing and Viewing Gigapixel Images Johannes Kopf, Matt Uyttendaele, Oliver Deussen, Michael Cohen
http://research.microsoft.com/ivm/HDView.htm
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GEO-Tagging
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Seam Carving for Content-Aware Image Resizing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vIFCV2spKtg
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Parametric Reshaping of Human Bodies in Images
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Depixelizing Pixel Art
http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/kopf/pixelart/supplementary/index.html
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Problem: How to model the water?
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[1]. High speed cameras
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[2]. Dye the water
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[3]. Throw things into the water
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[3]. Throw things into the water
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[4]. Apply physical model and then …
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Why Engineering
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Thank you
• Ruigang Yang
• www.vis.uky.edu/~ryang