an olden days for dental treatment., they used needle-nose pliers designed by fauchard in the late...
TRANSCRIPT
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SCIENCE & ENGLISHProject
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Historyan olden days for dental treatment.,
they used needle-nose pliers designed by fauchard in the late
17th century to use in prosthodontics..
The first book focused solely on densitry was the artzney buchlein in 1530 and the first called operator
for the teeth by Charles allen in 1685.
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What is Dentistry..?
Dentistry is the branch of medicine that is involved in the
study, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases, disorders and conditions of the oral cavity,
commonly in the dentition but also the oral mucosa, and of
adjacent and related structures and tissues, particularly in the
maxillofacial area.
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1: Crown
2: Root
3: enamel 4: dentin & dentin tubules
5: pulp chamber6: blood vessels and nerve 7: periodontal ligament8: apex and periapical region
9: alveolar bone
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Do AND Don’ts of oral hyigene
a new born child should visit the doctor in 6 months of birth or before the 1st birthday of the child. AAPD
(American academy of pediatrics dentistry) has said that its is important to establish a comprhensive and
accessiable on goin relationship between the dentist and patience. Every 3 moths once change the tooth brush and
visit the dentist. Go under proprer treatment. Gourgle your mouyh after eating sweets. Promote the dental
health of children as serve as educational resource for parents
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Dental Treatment
The majority of dental treatments are carried out to prevent or treat the two most common oral diseases which are
dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal disease (gum disease or pyorrhea). Common treatments involve the
restoration of teeth, extraction or surgical removal of teeth, scaling and root planing and endodontic root canal treatment.Dentists also encourage prevention of oral diseases through
proper hygiene and regular, twice yearly, checkups for professional cleaning and evaluation. Conditions in the oral
cavity may be indicative of systemic diseases such as osteoporosis, diabetes, or cancer. Many studies have also
shown that gum disease is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, heart disease, and preterm birth.
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Specialties (Dentistry)
• Special needs dentistry (also called special care dentistry)
• Veterinary dentistry, ( veterinary medicine )
• Pediatric dentistry (also called pedodontics)
• Geriatric dentistry etc….
• Endodontics (also called endodontology)
• Oral and maxillofacial pathology
• Oral and maxillofacial radiology
• Prosthodontics (prosthetic dentisty)
• r
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TYPES
Endodotic
ProsthodonticsOrthodontic
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ENDODOTIC • Endodontic(surgery involing the pulp or root of the tooth)
1.Root canal * Pulpectomy(the opening of the pulp chamber of the tooth to allow an infection to drain..,usally a precursor to a root canal
* pulpectomy(the removal of the pulp from the pulp chamber to temporarily relieve pain..,usally a precursor to a root canal
2. Apicoectomy
* A root canal alone will not be enough to relieve pain & the tooth, called the apex,will be removed by entering through the gingiva & surgically extracting the diseased material.
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Prosthodontics
It include crowns., veneers., bridges., implants., dentures
• Crowns (tooth must be reshaped to accommodate these these fixed restorations)
• Veneers (aesthetic purpose only)
• Bridges ( replace a missing tooth or teeth)
• Implants ( artificial tooth)• Dentures (false teeth)
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orthodontic
• Ertraction (this can be done under local or general anesthesia & very common)
• apiectomy ( treatment as part of the underlying bone structure must be done)
• Fiberotomy (a procedure to severe the fibers around a tooth,preventing it from relapsing
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Modern Dentistry
The French surgeon Pierre Fauchard became known as the "father of modern dentistry". Despite the limitations of the
primitive surgical instruments during the late 17th and early 18th century, Fauchard was a highly skilled surgeon who made
remarkable improvisations of dental instruments, often adapting tools from watch makers, jewelers and even barbers, that he
thought could be used in dentistry. He introduced dental fillings as treatment for dental cavities. He asserted that sugar derivate
acids like tartaric acid were responsible for dental decay, and also suggested that tumors surrounding the teeth, in the gums,
could appear in the later stages of tooth decay.
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Cancer...!!!
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What is Cancer?
• Division – uncontrolled cell division
• Growth – formation of a lump (tumour) or large numbers of abnormal white cells in the blood
• Mutation – changes to how the cell is viewed by the immune system
• Spread – ability to move within the body and survive in another part
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Lung
Breast
Colon/Rectum
Stomach
Liver
Prostate
Cervix uteri
Oesophagus
Bladder
Non-Hodgkin
Lymphoma
Leukaemia
Oral cavity
Pancreas
Kidney
Ovary
1000 800 600 400 200 0 200 400 600 8001000
Men Women
From: D.M. Parkin The Lancet Oncology 2: 533-543 (2001)
(Thousands)
Incidence
Mortality
337293
1050370
241318
446234
165166
471233
133111
7633
12168
11386
4797
101101
3471
192114
810902
558405
255499
398384
204543
279
260227
99
93167
144109
81170
116112
57119
5.3 million cases3.5 million deaths
4.7 million cases2.7 million deaths
The Global Burden of Cancer
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Types of Cancer
CarcinomasSarcomas
LymphomasLeukaemiasAdenomas
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What are the differences in the features of normal and cancer cells?
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Cancerous growth
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What causes cancer?
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Industrial pollution
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Smoking
• Single biggest cause of cancer
• 25-40% smokers die in middle age
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To Avoid Cancer
2. Avoid exposure to other known carcinogens, including aflatoxin, asbestos and UV light.
4. Eat fresh fruit and vegetables several times a day.
5. Be physically active and avoid obesity.
6. Have vaccination against, or early detection/treatmentof, cancer causing chronic infections.
7. Have the right genes.
3. Enjoy a healthy diet, moderate in calories, salt and fat, and low in alcohol.
1. Don’t smoke
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Summary
• Cancer is a disease of Division, growth and spread
• It has a number of causes many of them preventable
• The survival of the patient is determined by the stage of the disease, the earlier the detection or the smaller the tumour the better the survival
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How teeth is affected when cancer is there???
If a patient has cancer in any part of the body they undergo radiation treatment which is very harmful
and passes harmful rays which will affect the mouth by germs so they may causes decay to the tooth….! Cancer people usualy get ulcer. If it comes in mouth
they wont be able to brush properly which may cause damage to the tooth. If we eat beetal leaves it may
cause cancer and harm the teeth
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Research Based on
DENTAL & CANCER
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Done By
Seven wonders of the world…! Tharun
Om Yogesh
Devendra Shloka
Palak vishaka
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Thank You….!