An Open Conversation about

Open Educational Resources

Adapted from works by Dr. Rajiv Jhangiani and Dr. David WileyAn Open Conversation about Open Educational Resources by TJ Bliss is

licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

What are some of the biggest challenges college students face today?

#EngagedLearningCSU #OER

@tjbliss

"Ivory Towers" by James F Clay is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0

• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans

• In Sept. 2010 Federal student loan debt surpassed $15 billion

• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497

• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free

• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE

• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%

• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years

• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans

• Federal student loan debt has surpassed $1.2 TRILLION

• Average BC student debt in 2011 was $29,497

• 3 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free

• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE

• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%

• The cost of textbooks has

"Kids Giving you problems? Hire an Elephant" by peasap is licensed under CC BY 2.0

• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans

• Federal student loan debt has surpassed $1.2 TRILLION

• Average US student debt in 2013 was $26,6003 years after graduating, only 34% are debt free

• BC students now work 180% more hours than they did in 1975 to pay for PSE

• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%

• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years

• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans

• Federal student loan debt has surpassed $1.2 TRILLION

• Average US student debt in 2013 was $26,600

• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%

• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years

• Half of Bachelor’s degree graduates rely on student loans

• Federal student loan debt has surpassed $1.2 TRILLION

• Average US student debt in 2013 was $26,600

• When debt reaches $10,000, program completion rates drop from 59% to 8%

• The cost of textbooks has increased by 812% over 30 years

"Crazy Stunt" by Ross G. Strachan is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

"circa 1890 - Hamlin's Wizard Oil" by clotho98 is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0

"'THAT WAS EASY!'" by joepopp is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

60%+ do not purchase textbooks at some point due to cost

35% take fewer courses due to textbook cost

31% choose not to register for a course due to textbook cost

23% regularly go without textbooks due to cost

14% have dropped a course due to textbook cost

10% have withdrawn from a course due to textbook cost

Source: 2012 student survey by Florida Virtual Campus

There is a direct relationship between textbook costs and student success

open = free

open = free + permissions

open > free

• Make and own copiesRetain• Use in a wide range of

waysReuse• Adapt, modify, and

improveRevise

• Combine two or moreRemix

• Share with othersRedistribute

The 5Rs of OER

OER Efficacy and Perception Studies• Allen, I., Seaman, J. (2014). Opening the Curriculum: Open Educational Resources in U.S. Higher Education, 2014. Report available at:

http://www.onlinelearningsurvey.com/oer.html. • Bliss, T., Robinson, T. J., Hilton, J., & Wiley, D. (2013). An OER COUP: College teacher and student perceptions of Open Educational

Resources. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 1–25. Retrieved from http://www-jime.open.ac.uk/article/2013-04/pdf.• Bowen, W. G., Chingos, M. M., Lack, K. A., & Nygren, T. I. (2012). Interactive Learning Online at Public Universities: Evidence from

Randomized Trials. Ithaka S+R. Retrieved from http://mitcet.mit.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/BowenReport-2012.pdf• Feldstein, A., Martin, M., Hudson, A., Warren, K., Hilton, J., & Wiley, D. (2012). Open textbooks and increased student access and

outcomes. European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning. Retrieved from http://www.eurodl.org/index.php?article=533• Hilton, J., Gaudet, D., Clark, P., Robinson, J., & Wiley, D. (2013). The adoption of open educational resources by one community college

math department. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 14(4), 37–50.• Hilton, J., & Laman, C. (2012). One college’s use of an open psychology textbook. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance

Learning, 27(3), 201–217. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02680513.2012.716657• Lindshield, B., & Adhikari, K. (2013). Online and campus college students like using an open educational resource instead of a traditional

textbook. Journal of Online Learning & Teaching, 9(1), 1–7. Retrieved from http://jolt.merlot.org/vol9no1/lindshield_0313.htm• Lovett, M., Meyer, O., & Thille, C. (2008). JIME-The open learning initiative: Measuring the effectiveness of the OLI statistics course in

accelerating student learning. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2008(1).• Pawlyshyn, Braddlee, Casper and Miller (2013). Adopting OER: A Case Study of Cross-Institutional Collaboration and Innovation. Educause

Review, http://www.educause.edu/ero/article/adopting-oer-case-study-cross-institutional-collaboration-and-innovation. • Petrides, L., Jimes, C., Middleton Detzner, C., Walling, J., & Weiss, S. (2011). Open textbook adoption and use: Implications for teachers and ‐

learners. Open learning, 26(1), 39-49.• Robinson T. J., Fischer, L., Wiley, D. A., & Hilton, J. (2014). The impact of open textbooks on secondary science learning outcomes.

Educational Researcher, 43(7): 341-351.• Wiley, D., Hilton, J. Ellington, S., and Hall, T. (2012). “A preliminary examination of the cost savings and learning impacts of using open

textbooks in middle and high school science classes.” International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning. 13 (3), pp. 261-276.

“Mad” “Glad”

“Sad” “Rad”

Cost

Completing with C or Better

Learning Outcomes per Dollar

0 100%

$200

“Mad” “Glad”

“Sad” “Rad”

Cost

Completing with C or Better

Pearson

Learning Outcomes per Dollar

0 100%

$200

“Mad” “Glad”

“Sad” “Rad”

Cost

Completing with C or Better

Pearson

OER

Learning Outcomes per Dollar

0 100%

$200

What barriers to OER adoption do you and your faculty colleagues face?

#EngagedLearningCSU #OER

@tjbliss

Barriers to Faculty Adoption

• Faculty don’t understand the urgency of student financial stress, and how it can impact students academically

• Faculty aren’t aware that open textbooks are an option• Faculty don’t know what open textbooks are• Faculty confuse open textbooks with electronic textbooks• Faculty don’t know where to find open textbooks• Faculty are skeptical of the quality of open textbooks• Faculty have limited time to engage in reviewing open

textbooks

Some Solutions

PM4ID

http://pm4id.org/

Murder, Madness, and Mayhem

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Murder_Madness_and_Mayhem

Source: "Pencil" by sylviaduckworth. Reproduced with permission.

Don’t justadopt a textbook

Foster a textbook

"hold-544519_1280.jpg" by johnhain is in the Public Domain, CC0

Why have you adopted OER?(Why would you adopt OER?)

#EngagedLearningCSU #OER

@tjbliss