INTERNATIONAL STANDARDSAND RECOMMENDED PRACTICES

AERODROMES

ANNEX 14TO THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION

VOLUME IAERODROME DESIGN AND OPERATIONS

THIRD EDITION JULY 1999

This edition incorporates all amendments to Annex 14, Volume I,adopted by the Council prior to 6 March 1999 and

supersedes on 4 November 1999 all previous editionsof Annex 14, Volume I.

For information regarding the applicability of the Standards andRecommended Practices, see Chapter 1, 1.2 and Foreword.

INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION

AMENDMENTS

The issue of amendments is announced regularly in the ICAO Journal and in themonthly Supplement to the Catalogue of ICAO Publications and Audio-visualTraining Aids, which holders of this publication should consult. The space belowis provided to keep a record of such amendments.

RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND CORRIGENDA

AMENDMENTS CORRIGENDA

No.Date

applicableDate

enteredEntered

by No.Date

of issueDate

enteredEntered

by

1-3 Incorporated in this edition 1 - - -

4 1/11/01 ICAO 2 30/5/03 19/6/03 ICAO

5 27/11/03 ICAO

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ANNEX 14 VOLUME I (iii) 4/11/99

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Page

Abbreviations and symbols; manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (v)

FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (vii)

CHAPTER 1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.3 Certification of aerodromes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.4 Reference code. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

CHAPTER 2. Aerodrome data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.1 Aeronautical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.2 Aerodrome reference point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.3 Aerodrome and runway elevations . . . . . . . . . 82.4 Aerodrome reference temperature . . . . . . . . . . 82.5 Aerodrome dimensions and related

information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 Strength of pavements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.7 Pre-flight altimeter check location. . . . . . . . . . 102.8 Declared distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.9 Condition of the movement area and related

facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.10 Disabled aircraft removal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.11 Rescue and fire fighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.12 Visual approach slope indicator systems . . . . . 122.13 Coordination between aeronautical

information services and aerodrome authorities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

CHAPTER 3. Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.1 Runways. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.2 Runway shoulders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.3 Runway strips. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.4 Runway end safety areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203.5 Clearways. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203.6 Stopways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.7 Radio altimeter operating area . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223.8 Taxiways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223.9 Taxiway shoulders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.10 Taxiway strips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.11 Holding bays, runway-holding positions,

intermediate holding positions and road-holding positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

3.12 Aprons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.13 Isolated aircraft parking position . . . . . . . . . . . 293.14 De-icing/anti-icing facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

CHAPTER 4. Obstacle restriction and removal . . . . . 324.1 Obstacle limitation surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324.2 Obstacle limitation requirements . . . . . . . . . . . 36

4.3 Objects outside the obstacle limitationsurfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

4.4 Other objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

CHAPTER 5. Visual aids for navigation . . . . . . . . . . . 415.1 Indicators and signalling devices . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5.1.1 Wind direction indicators . . . . . . . . . . 415.1.2 Landing direction indicator . . . . . . . . . 415.1.3 Signalling lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415.1.4 Signal panels and signal area . . . . . . . 42

5.2 Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425.2.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425.2.2 Runway designation marking . . . . . . . 435.2.3 Runway centre line marking . . . . . . . . 445.2.4 Threshold marking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455.2.5 Aiming point marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465.2.6 Touchdown zone marking . . . . . . . . . . 475.2.7 Runway side stripe marking . . . . . . . . 495.2.8 Taxiway centre line marking. . . . . . . . 495.2.9 Runway-holding position marking . . . 495.2.10 Intermediate holding position

marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515.2.11 VOR aerodrome check-point

marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525.2.12 Aircraft stand markings . . . . . . . . . . . . 525.2.13 Apron safety lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535.2.14 Road-holding position marking. . . . . . 545.2.15 Mandatory instruction marking . . . . . . 545.2.16 Information marking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

5.3 Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555.3.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555.3.2 Emergency lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 585.3.3 Aeronautical beacons. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595.3.4 Approach lighting systems . . . . . . . . . 605.3.5 Visual approach slope indicator

systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.3.6 Circling guidance lights. . . . . . . . . . . . 735.3.7 Runway lead-in lighting systems . . . . 755.3.8 Runway threshold identification

lights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765.3.9 Runway edge lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765.3.10 Runway threshold and wing bar

lights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775.3.11 Runway end lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 785.3.12 Runway centre line lights . . . . . . . . . . 785.3.13 Runway touchdown zone lights . . . . . 815.3.14 Stopway lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815.3.15 Taxiway centre line lights . . . . . . . . . . 815.3.16 Taxiway edge lights. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855.3.17 Stop bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855.3.18 Intermediate holding position lights . . 86

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5.3.19 De-icing/anti-icing facility exit lights 875.3.20 Runway guard lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875.3.21 Apron floodlighting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895.3.22 Visual docking guidance system . . . . 895.3.23 Aircraft stand manoeuvring guidance

lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 915.3.24 Road-holding position light . . . . . . . . 91

5.4 Signs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 915.4.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 915.4.2 Mandatory instruction signs . . . . . . . . 925.4.3 Information signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945.4.4 VOR aerodrome check-point sign . . . 985.4.5 Aerodrome identification sign . . . . . . 995.4.6 Aircraft stand identification signs . . . 995.4.7 Road-holding position sign. . . . . . . . . 99

5.5 Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99A5.5.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99A5.5.2 Unpaved runway edge markers . . . . . 99A5.5.3 Stopway edge markers . . . . . . . . . . . . 99A5.5.4 Edge markers for snow-covered

runways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99A5.5.5 Taxiway edge markers . . . . . . . . . . . . 99B5.5.6 Taxiway centre line markers . . . . . . . 99B5.5.7 Unpaved taxiway edge markers . . . . . 99B5.5.8 Boundary markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99B

CHAPTER 6. Visual aids for denoting obstacles . . . . 1006.1 Objects to be marked and/or lighted . . . . . . . . 1006.2 Marking of objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1016.3 Lighting of objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

CHAPTER 7. Visual aids for denoting restricteduse areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

7.1 Closed runways and taxiways, or parts thereof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

7.2 Non-load-bearing surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1087.3 Pre-threshold area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1087.4 Unserviceable areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

CHAPTER 8. Equipment and installations . . . . . . . . . 1118.1 Secondary power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1118.2 Electrical systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1138.3 Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1138.4 Fencing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1138.5 Security lighting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1148.6 Airport design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1148.7 Siting and construction of equipment and

installations on operational areas . . . . . . . . . . . 1148.8 Aerodrome vehicle operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1158.9 Surface movement guidance and control

systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

CHAPTER 9. Emergency and other services . . . . . . . 1179.1 Aerodrome emergency planning . . . . . . . . . . . 1179.2 Rescue and fire fighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1189.3 Disabled aircraft removal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

9.4 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1229.5 Bird hazard reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1259.6 Apron management service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1269.7 Ground servicing of aircraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

APPENDIX 1. Colours for aeronautical ground lights, markings, signs and panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

1. General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1272. Colours for aeronautical ground lights . . . . . . . . 1273. Colours for markings, signs and panels . . . . . . . 128

APPENDIX 2. Aeronautical ground light characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

APPENDIX 3. Mandatory instruction markings andinformation markings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

APPENDIX 4. Requirements concerning design oftaxiing guidance signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

APPENDIX 5. Aeronautical data quality requirements . 175

APPENDIX 6. Location of lights on obstacles. . . . . . . 178

ATTACHMENT A. Guidance material supplementary to Annex 14, Volume I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

1. Number, siting and orientation of runways. . . . . 1872. Clearways and stopways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1873. Calculation of declared distances . . . . . . . . . . . . 1884. Slopes on a runway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1895. Runway surface evenness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1896. Determining and expressing the friction

characteristics of snow- and ice-coveredpaved surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

7. Determination of friction characteristics ofwet paved runways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

8. Strips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1949. Runway end safety areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19410. Location of threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19411. Approach lighting systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19512. Priority of installation of visual approach slope

indicator systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20113. Lighting of unserviceable areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20214. Intensity control of approach and

runway lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20215. Signal area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20216. Rescue and fire fighting services . . . . . . . . . . . . 20317. Operators of vehicles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20418. The ACN-PCN method of reporting pavement

strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

ATTACHMENT B. Obstacle limitation surfaces. . . . . 206

LIMITED INDEX OF SIGNIFICANT SUBJECTSINCLUDED IN ANNEX 14, VOLUME I . . . . . . . . . . . 207

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