analysing group 1

7/25/2019 Analysing Group 1

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ANALYSING GROUP 1 ELEMENTS

A State 3 physical properties of group 1 elements.

a)

b)

c)

B Chemical Properties of Group 1 Elements Al!ali metals )

1. Group 1 elements react "igorously #ith #ater to pro$uce al!aline metal

hy$ro%i$e solutions an$ hy$rogen gasE%ample& Li2 ' OH22 LiOH2 ' 2H

(rite $o#n the balance$ euation #hen potassium reacts #ith #ater

..

2. Group 1 elements react #ith o%ygen gas rapi$ly to pro$uce #hite soli$ metalo%i$es.

E%ample& Li4 ' 2O OLi22

(rite $o#n the balance$ euation #hen rubi$ium reacts #ith o%ygen

3. Group 1 elements react t #ith chlorine gas 2Cl * to form #hite soli$ metal

chlori$es.

E%ample& Na2 ' 2Cl NaCl2

(rite $o#n the balance$ euation #hen potassium reacts #ith chlorine gas

..+ ,he reacti"ity of Group 1 elements increases #hen going $o#n the group.

E%plain #hy.

a) (hen going $o#n Group 1 the single "alence electron in the outermostoccupie$

shell become .. from the nucleus.b) ,he attraction bet#een the nucleus an$ the "alence electron become

. .c) ,herefore it is . for the atom to $onate the single "alence

electron to achie"e the stable electron arrangement.


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- Potassium reacts more "igorously #ith #ater as compare$ to so$ium. E%plain.Proton number& a* 11 / 0* 1)

Activity 5

Complete the table belo# an$ ans#er the follo#ing uestions &

Al!ali 2etal Proton

number

umber of

electrons

Electron

arrangement

umber of

"alenceelectrons

ithium 3

So$ium 11

Potassium 1

4ubi$ium 35 35 6.7.17.7.1Caesium -- -- 6.7.17.17.7.1

1) ithium * so$ium an$ potassium ha"e similar chemical properties .E%plain #hy

ithium * so$ium an$ potassium ha"e electron in their outermostoccupie$ shell.

6) (hat has to happen to an atom of al!ali metal for it to achie"e a stable electron

arrangement of inert gas 8

..3) (hat is the charge of an al!ali metal ion 8 .

............................................................................................

+) 4eacti"ity of al!ali metals increases from ithium to Caesium . E%plain #hy .

.


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.

....................................................................................................................................

..

Activity 6

,o 9n"estigate ,he Chemical Properties of ithium* So$ium : Potassium

1) ,he 4eaction of al!ali metals #ith #ater* OH2

Problem Statement& ;o# $oes the reacti"ity of Group 1 elements change #henthey react #ith #ater8

;ypothesis& (hen going $o#n Group 1* al!ali metals become morereacti"e in their reactions #ith #ater.

ata : bser"ation )Al!ali metal bser"ation

ithium

So$ium

Potassium

6) ,he 4eaction of al!ali metals (ith %ygen* 6,his proce$ure can also be use$ to test the reaction of al!ali metals #ith chlorine gas)

a) Problem Statement&

Water alkali metal


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..

...

b) ;ypothesis&

c)


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D ANALYSING GROUP 17 ELEMENTS

Activity 7

1) State the uses of Chlorine an$ io$ine

a) Chlorine =.

b) 9o$ine =..

6 a) Gi"e the physical state of halogens belo# at room temperature &

i) ?luorine&

ii) Chlorine&

iii) Bromine& .

i") 9o$ine & .

b) ?ill in the blan!s belo#.

2Cl melting an$ colour of >ensity

2Br boiling points halogens .

2

I.. becomes

.

3) (hen going $o#n the Group 15* the melting an$ boiling points increase. E%plain

..

.

+) Chemical Properties of Group 15 Elementsa) Group 15 elements react #ith #ater to form t#o aci$s

E%ample& 2Cl ' OH2 HCl ' HOCl

hy$rochloric hypochlorus aci$ aci$

(rite a balance$ euation #hen bromine reacts #ith #ater.


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..

b). 9n gaseous state they react #ith hot iron to form a bro#n soli$* iron 999)hali$es.

E%ample& Fe2 ' 23Br 32FeBr

(rite a balance$ euation #hen io$ine "apour reacts #ith iron

c). Group 15 elements react t #ith so$ium hy$ro%i$e solution* NaOH * to

formso$ium hali$e* so$ium halate 9) an$ #ater

E%ample&2

I ' NaOH2 NaI ' NaOI ' OH2

(rite a balance$ euation #hen chlorine reacts #ith so$ium hy$ro%i$esolution

.-) ,he reacti"ity of Group 15 elements $ecreases #hen going $o#n the group.

E%plain #hy.

a) (hen going $o#n the Group 15 atomic si@e .. b) ,he outermost occupie$ shell becomes . from the

nucleus. c) ,herefore the strength to attract one electron into the outermost occupie$

shell by the nucleus becomes

) Chlorine gas reacts more "igorously #ith hot iron as compare$ to bromine gas.E%plain Proton number& Cl* 15 / Br* 3-)

..


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Activity 8

,o in"estigate the Chemical properties of Group 15 elements.

,he 4eaction of halogens #ith iron refer practical boo! pg ++)

1) >ata an$ bser"ation Complete the follo#ing table)

;alogen4eactant

bser"ation

Chlorine Bromine 9o$ine

(ater

9ron #ool

So$ium hy$ro%i$e * a;

solution

6) Base$ on your results* arrange the halogens* 2Cl * 2Br * 2I in ascen$ing or$er of

reacti"ity.

.

3) Element E is place$ belo# element > in Group 15 of the Perio$ic ,able. a). Compare the melting an$ boiling points of element > #ith element E.

E%plain your ans#er

.

b). (rite a chemical euation for the reaction bet#een element > an$ hot iron.

.


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analysing group 1

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