analysing the sharing economy...• capturing sharing economy businesses in some of our established...
TRANSCRIPT
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Expert workshop CEPS
Session 1: Size, development and taxonomy
Measuring the sharing economy of the
UK
Pauline Beck
Project lead of the Sharing Economy study, Office for National
Statistics, UK
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Overview
• Our interest
• Sharing economy and the UK national accounts
• Challenges
• Our progress so far
• Summary and next steps
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Our interest
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Providing
transport
Offering
delivery
services
Renting
out a
vehicle
Selling crafts
/ buying to re-
sell
Renting
out
space
Performing
short-term
jobs
Investing /
lending
Sharing of under-
used assets through
completing peer-to-
peer transactions
that are only viable
through digital
intermediation,
allowing parties to
benefit from usage
outside of the
primary use of that
asset.”
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Where is SE activity captured?
• Business surveys to obtain these data, such as the Annual Business Survey captures the turnover reported by sharing economy businesses
GDP production approach
• Household surveys: such as the Living Costs and Food Survey reports on household expenditures
GDP expenditure
approach
• Providers report the income through a business which they have established, or report this activity as personal income
GDP income approach
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• Potential under-reporting:
• There is potential for under-reporting in all 3 of the
approaches
• Quality adjustments are made to account for this.
• Information from all 3 measures is utilised before
reaching a final balanced position and the headline GDP
statistics
• Consumer to consumer transactions
Sharing economy and the UK national
accounts
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Our aim
• To produce standalone official statistics on the size of the
sharing economy in terms of:
• Value
• Impact on Labour Market
• Data will be used to inform policy making
• Data will also provide an indicator of how the UK sharing
economy compares internationally
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• Defining the sharing economy
• Lack of agreed definition and terminology
• Identifying sharing economy businesses
• Collecting more information directly from these
businesses, as well as exploring techniques such as
web crawlers should enable us to identify further
platforms
Challenges
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Challenges
• Understanding how sharing economy businesses
are structured and how their turnover is comprised
• Is their entire business part of the sharing economy?
• Is their turnover made up of other sources of revenue?
• We have a new ‘large cases unit’ which will look into
business profiling and understand business structure.
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Challenges
• How to treat non-monetary transactions or ‘free
services’ in the sharing economy?
• Still of interest to ONS in order to better inform the debate around
economic well-being
• However still may be captured by the UK Household Satellite
Accounts which measure and value household activities that are not
included in the National Accounts (e.g. unpaid household labour)
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Our progress: Definition & Decision tree
Figure 1: Decision tree for identifying sharing economy businesses
(source: ONS)
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Our progress: Business Surveys
• Capturing sharing economy businesses in some of our established business
surveys, such as the Annual Business Survey, E-commerce Survey and
Financial Services Survey.
Figure 2: Comparison of e-commerce survey variables for sharing economy and non-sharing
economy businesses, (source: ONS)
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Our progress: Social Surveys
• We had included new questions on the Internet Access Survey for households
and individuals. Harmonised questions across European Union (EU) member
states
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Household surveys:
Exploring options of adding questions to:
• Labour Force Survey,
• Living Costs and Food Survey,
• Time Use Survey
Business surveys:
Tailoring our questionnaires for sharing economy businesses, is
an option
Next steps: Surveys
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Next steps: Administrative data
• Conducting a review of administrative data sources which could
be used to collect information on the sharing economy
• Investigating sources such as:
• Self-assessment tax returns from Her Majesty’s Revenue
and Customs
• Administrative data directly from businesses’ accounts
• Positive discussions with some sharing economy businesses
and organisations such as the Sharing Economy UK Trade
Body (SEUK) regarding data access
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Thank you for your time.
Do you have any questions?