Analyzing Poetry Week 1Analyzing Poetry Week 1 Analyzing Poetry Week 1Analyzing Poetry Week 1

Sound Devices Sound Devices

The poet uses a specific sound device for what reason?

Poem Packet• Please take note of the definitions,

purposes, and examples of each sound device on the NOTES PAGE

• Please label and explain (annotate) NEXT TO the poems in your poem packet.

Teachers: Freeze the next slide on your projectorStudents:

1. Read the poem “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan Poe to yourself silently.

2. Then, have your partner read aloud the first stanza to you.

3. Next answer, how did he or she sound while reading?

4. Click Listen, then scroll down. 5. Finally, listen to a reading of the first and last

stanzas of poem. How was it different from your partner’s read. What caused that difference?

Listen

“Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan Poe

Sound Devices A good poem can often be identified by its sound quality.

Poets use certain devices to create sound within a poem. We need to analyze the poem to look out for these devices, indicate the sound produced, and evaluate its effect on the reader.

How did “Annabel Lee” effect you? What caused your feelings/mood?

1. What do poets use to create sound within a poem?

The sound devices:I. Alliteration - Monday

II. Onomatopoeia - TuesdayIII. Accent / Rhythm - Wednesday

IV. Rhyme - ThursdayV. Repetition – Thursday

Sound Device Assignment worth 100 points on Friday

2. Purpose of using sound devices

sound devices are often used for three main reasons:

a)To create a rhythm effect to set a mood or image.

b)To reveal the speaker’s attitudec)To complement or emphasize the

message/theme of the poem.

I. AlliterationDefinition - the repetition of the beginning consonants in words next to or close to each other

Purpose To create a rhythm effect to set a mood or image.

In the following example, the repetition of the ‘f’ sound in the first two lines lends them a rhythmic and musical quality:

Test Question: The poet most likely uses alliteration in this poem

to…

The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew,The furrow followed free:We were the first that ever burstInto that silent sea.

From “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” S. T. Coleridge

To produce a rhythmic effect that creates a mood? What mood? or image? What images?Turn and talk it out.

Moods = excited and proud

“Cynthia in the Snow”By Gwendelyn Brooks

It SUSHES.It hushesThe loudness in the road.It flitter-twitters,And laughs away from me.It laughs a lovely whiteness,And whitely whirs away,To beSome otherwhere,Still white as milk or shirts.So beautiful it hurts.

Test Question: The poet most likely uses alliteration in this poem to…

• To produce a rhythmic effect that creates a mood? What mood? or image? What images?

• Turn and talk it out.• Moods = light and joyful

Test Question: The poet most likely uses alliteration in this poem to…

• To produce a rhythmic effect that creates a mood? What mood? or image? What images?• Turn and talk it out.• Moods = sad and depressed

“Sarah Cynthia Sylvia Stout” What rhythmic effect did the alliteration have on you as a reader?What mood did the alliteration create?

Moods = humorous and grossed out

“The Highwayman” by Alfred Noyes

Listen

Alliteration Homework: 25 pointsReread the poem on your own.1) 5 pts. Identify the 5 alliteration pairs throughout the poem. 2) 10 pts. Describe the author’s purpose of using each one. Describe the mood and images of each. 3) 10 pts. Summarize in a complete answer: The poet most likely uses alliteration in this poem to …

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II. OnomatopoeiaDefinition - sound words

(hum, jingle, buzz, vroom, bleep, etc) Purpose – To create a rhythm effect to set a mood or image. - To reveal the speaker’s attitude

Listen

"The Bells" is a heavily onomatopoeic poem by Edgar Allan Poe which was not published until after his death in 1849. It is perhaps best known for the repetition of the word "bells."

Pay attention to the mood of each part and what caused each mood.

Take note of the mood in the margins. Underline words and phrases that caused that mood.

Test Question: In this stanza, the poet uses onomatopoeia with the words

“tinkle,” “bell,” and “jingle” mostly likely to…

Hear the sledges with the bells - Silver bells! What a world of merriment their melody foretells! How they tinkle, tinkle, tinkle, In the icy air of night! While the stars that oversprinkle All the heavens, seem to twinkle With a crystalline delight; Keeping time, time, time, In a sort of Runic rhyme, To the tintinnabulation that so musically wells From the bells, bells, bells, bells, Bells, bells, bells - From the jingling and the tinkling of the bells. -”The Bells” Part 1 by Edgar Allen Poe

Poe lived in the Bronx for  number of years, and his house can still be visited a few blocks from Fordham, on the Grand Concourse. You could not hear the bells of University Church there now - the din of the Bronx is too great, and since the Church was only built in 1845, its bells would have had to have had a dramatic effect on Poe. Still, stranger things have happened......

To create a rhythm effect to set a mood? What mood or image? What image? To reveal the speaker’s attitude? What might his attitude be? Turn and talk it out.

Test Question: In this stanza, the poet uses onomatopoeia with the words “clang,” “clash,” and “shriek” mostly likely

to…

To create a rhythm effect to set a mood? What mood or image? What image? To reveal the speaker’s attitude? What might his attitude be? Turn and talk it out.

“The Highwayman” by Alfred Noyes

Listen

Onomatopoeia Homework: 22 pointsReread the poem on your own.1) 3 pts. Identify 3 onomatopoeia throughout the poem. 2) 6 pts. Describe the author’s purpose of using each one. Describe the mood and images of each. 3) 3 pts. What might the speaker’s attitude be during each example? 4) 10 pts. Summarize in a complete answer: The poet most likely uses onomatopoeia in this poem to …

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III. RhythmDefinition – The beat of the poem

Purpose – To create a rhythm effect to set a mood or image.

- To reveal the speaker’s attitudeUsually, we can feel the rhythm best when we read aloud. We can mark

the beats, or stresses and thus, see the pattern built in by the poet. Usually, we mark the stresses in a line of poetry with a small sloping dash above the accented syllable.

, , po e try ques tion

Test Question: The sound effect used most in these lines is…

What are the reasons the poet uses this accent? Turn and talk it over

What other sound devices are used by this poet? Why might the poet have used each?Turn and talk it over

The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees, The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas, The road was a ribbon of moonlight over the purple moor, And the highwayman came riding— Riding—riding— The highwayman came riding, up to the old inn-door. “The Highwayman” by Alfred Noyes

Accent Definition – The emphasis given to a syllable or word.

Purpose To reveal the speaker’s attitude.

Test Question: What are the reasons the poet uses this accent? Turn and talk it over

It was many and many a year ago,In a kingdom by the seaThat a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of Annabel Lee;And this maiden she lived with no other thoughtThan to love and be loved by me.She was a child and I was a child, In this kingdom by the sea,But we loved with a love that was more than loveI am my Annabel Lee “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan Poe

“The Highwayman” by Alfred Noyes

Listen

Rhythm/Accent Homework: 30 pointsReread Part 2 Stanzas I and II of the poem on your own.1) 5 pts. Identify the sound devices in this section of the poem. 2) 10pts. Describe the author’s purpose of using each one. What rhythmic effect did he create? Describe the mood and images of each. 3) 5 pts. What might the speaker’s attitude be during each example? 4) 10 pts. Write in a complete answer: Which sound device does the poet use the most in stanzas I and II of Part 2.

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Rhyme and Repetition

Rhythm and Rhyme are some of the most important structural elements in poetry.

IV. RhymeRhyme is usually accepted as the repetition of an accented vowel sound

• Examples of true rhyme: fight/night, cat/mat, slow/toe, eat/feet

• Examples which are not true rhyme: fight/hide, cat/can, threw/throughPurpose - Rhyme is used to bind lines together into larger units, e.g stanzas, or even to set up relationships within an individual line (internal rhyme).

End RhymeThe most common rhyme pattern used by poets is that called end rhyme. This simply means that the end words of lines rhyme.

Two consecutive lines may rhyme, or alternate lines may rhyme, or even more distant lines.

Many variations are possible within a single poem.

The consistent feature is that the rhyme occurs only at the end of lines.

Test Question: The rhyme occurs on which lines?

He clasps the crag with crooked hands;Close to the sun in lonely lands,

Ringed with the azure world, he stands.

From “The Eagle” by Alfred, Lord Tennyson

Test Question: The rhyme occurs on which lines?

Sunset and evening star, And one clear call for me! And may there be no moaning of the bar, When I put out to sea

From “Crossing the Bar” by Alfred, Lord Tennyson

Internal RhymeWhen the rhyme pattern involves rhyming a word half-way through a single line of poetry with the end word of the same line, it is called internal rhyme. It is used fairly frequently in ballads, and occasionally in other kinds of poetry.

Test Question: The rhyme occurs on which lines?

 And I had done a horrible thingAnd it would work ‘em woe:For all averred, I had killed the birdThat made the breeze to blow.Ah wretch! said they, the bird to slay,That made the breeze to blow.

From “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” by S. T. Coleridge

What kinds of rhymes are used? What purpose do they have?

V. RepetitionDefinition - Repeating of a word, phrase, line,

stanza.

Purpose -To complement or emphasize the message/theme of the poem.

-To create a rhythm effect to set a mood or image.

-To reveal the speaker’s attitude.

Repetition of words or lines or stanzas is crucial in poetry!

Purpose - It most often to complement or emphasize the message/theme of the poem.

- To reveal the speaker’s attitude.

Test Question: The poet uses repetition mainly to

The woods are lovely, dark and deep,But I have promises to keep,And miles to go before I sleep,And miles to go before I sleep.

From “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” by Robert Frost

Turn and Talk It OutTo complement or emphasize the

message/theme of the poem. What might the theme be? How does the repetition emphasize it?

To reveal the speaker’s attitude. What attitude do you hear?

Test Question: The poet uses repetition mainly to “A Noiseless Patient Spider Video

A noiseless patient spider,I mark'd where on a little promontory it stood isolated,Mark'd how to explore the vacant vast surrounding,It launch'd forth filament, filament, filament, out of itself,Ever unreeling them, ever tirelessly speeding them.

And you O my soul where you stand,Surrounded, detached, in measureless oceans of space,Ceaselessly musing, venturing, throwing, seeking the spheres to connect them,Till the bridge you will need be form'd, till the ductile anchor hold,Till the gossamer thread you fling catch somewhere, O my soul.

by Walt Whitman

Turn and Talk It OutTo complement or emphasize the

message/theme of the poem. What might the theme be? How does the repetition emphasize it?

To reveal the speaker’s attitude. What attitude do you hear?

“Annabel Lee”Turn and Talk It Out

What is the author’s attitude?

What is the theme?

“The Highwayman”Turn and Talk It Out

What is the author’s attitude?

What is the theme?

“Annabel Lee”Test Question:What sound device does the poet use the most?

Support your answer.A. AlliterationB. OnomatopoeiaC. AccentD. RhythmE. RhymeF. Repetition

“The Highwayman”Test Question:What sound device does the poet use the most?

Support your answer.A. AlliterationB. OnomatopoeiaC. AccentD. RhythmE. RhymeF. Repetition

“The Highwayman” by Alfred Noyes

Listen

Theme Homework: 25 pointsReread the poem on your own.

Explain the repetition, rhythm, and accent used by the poet.Then, explain the theme?How does the repetition, rhythm, and accent emphasize the theme?

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7th Period

Sound Device Assignment: 100 points totalRead “The Highwayman” by Alfred Noyes Literature Book p. 58750 points

Sound devices used Examples and line #’s What is the poet’s purpose in using this?

I. alliteration II. onomatopoeiaIII. accent /

rhythmIV. rhyme V. Repetition50 points

What is the poem’s theme? (topic + main events = theme sentence)Critique the poet’s usage of sound devices. Which sound devices helped

you understand the author’s theme best? Explain how.

Which sound devices did not help you understand the

theme? Explain why they didn’t.

What sound device did the poet use the most in this poem?

1st and 5th periodSound Device Assignment =

100 ptsReread “The Highwayman” by Alfred Noyes and “Annabel Lee” by Edgar Allan Poe. Critique both poems in an organized essay:•What sound device was used the most? •For what purpose did the poets use that sound device so much? •What effect did the sound device have on you. •What was the theme? •Which sound devices helped you understand the theme the best? You must answer all of the above for each poem in your essay.

The End of Sound The End of Sound DevicesDevices

The End of Sound The End of Sound DevicesDevices

Thank-you!Thank-you!

Assonance refers to the repetition of vowels in words next to or close to each other, without regard for the following sounds. For example, “So we’ll go no more a-roving” is an assonance that repeats the ‘o’ vowel. It complements the attitude of the speaker: the ‘o’ sound produces a moaning effect as if the speaker longs to spend time with his lover. “Reed / wheel” is an example of assonance, but “reed / weed” as an example of rhyme.

Consonance refers to fixed consonant but changing vowel sounds. For example, ‘e/scaped’ and ‘scooped’, ‘groined’ and ‘groaned’, ‘be/stirred’ and ‘stared’.

Half Rhyme• Half rhyme is a technique similar

to pararhyme, but in which either the beginning or end sound is different, in addition to the different vowel sound. Examples of half rhyme are “mouth/truth” and “come/fame”.

The anchor broke, the topmast split,‘Twas such a deadly stormThe waves came over the broken shipTill all her sides were torn. From “Sir Patrick Spens”, Anonymous

Pararhyme• A pararhyme is a poetic convention

used to create dissonance in a poem. The basic pararhyme has beginning and end sounds that sound the same, with the vowel sound in the word being altered. Examples of pararhyme are “night/naught”, “block/black/bleak” and “laughed/loft”.

• The effect of pararhyme and half rhyme is to create a sense of rhyme, with a slightly discordant feel. Two examples are provided. The first is from “Sir Patrick Spens’ and is, in fact, assonance. The second is part of a poem by the British poet, Wilfred Owen who, perhaps more than most poets, refined the art of deliberately using pararhyme and half rhyme, often interspersed in alternate lines.

It seemed that out of battle I escapedDown some profound dull tunnel, long since scoopedThrough granites which titanic wars had groined.Yet also there encumbered sleepers groaned,Too fast in thought or death to be bestirred.Then, as I probed them, one sprang up, and staredWith piteous recognition in fixed eyes,Lifting distressful hands as if to bless.And by his smile, I knew that sullen hallBy his dead smile I knew we stood in Hell.

From “Strange Meeting” by Wilfred Owen