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Consortium for Research in East African Tropical Ecosystems
Analyzing Time Dependent Change in Ecosystem Service Provision in Regional Social-ecological-systems:
A Watershed-oriented Approach
John Tenhunen University of Bayreuth
Maurice Wanjala Kipsaina Crane and Wetland
Conservation Group
www.bayceer.uni-bayreuth.de/CREATE
Transdisciplinary Research: research in which exchanging information, altering discipline-specific approaches, sharing resources and integrating disciplines achieves a common scientific goal (Rosenberg 1992).
Natural Science
Social Science
Science Implementation
Integrated Ecosystem and Water Management in the Lake Victoria Basin Region of Kenya
Natural Science
Social Science
Science Implementation
River
Exports
Social-Ecological-System
Trajectory of
Land Use -
Performance
in GIS Representation
Catchment LULC
Impounded ReservoirServices
Water Quantity
Qualíty Water
Electrical Power
Downstream Services
Upstream
Payments
Terrestrial
Services
Sediments, N,
P, DOC, POC
Policy and
Regulations
Cultural
Perception
Climate
Economic
Framework
Watershed-based Analysis of a Social-Ecological-System
Integrated Ecosystem and Water Management in the Lake Victoria Basin Region of Kenya
Natural Science
Social Science
Science Implementation
From Germany and USA Kurt Beck: Populations, Migration, Transportation Uli Beisel: Human Geography, Health, Energy Systems Corrie Hannah: Public Policy, Integrated Assessment Thanh Nguyen: Environmental Economics Eberhard Rothfuss: Regional Development, Governance
From Germany Gerhard Gebauer: Nitrogen Cycle, Natural Isotopes Bernd Huwe: Soil Processes, Hydrology, Modelling Dennis Otieno: Ecophysiology, Plant Growth Gerhard Rambold: Lichens, Fungi, Soil Organisms Cyrus Samimi: Remote Sensing, Landscape Change Gertrud Schaab: Remote Sensing, Forest Degradation Christoph Thomas: CO2, H2O and Energy Exchange Christiane Werner: Water Cycle, Isotope Applications
Everyone Here Today
From Asia Feng-Min Li: Agronomy, Soil Science Van Dien Pham: Forest Science, Land Degradation Jiangsheng Ye: Ecological Modelling Youcai Xiong: Agronomy, Crop Production Asia and USA James Reynolds: Desertification, Ecosystem Models
Western Kenya: Nzoia Basin
Description and Response of the Social-Ecological-System
NASA Image of Flooding Muddy Water Runoff
Intensive Small Farms Forest Clearing Nzoia River Basin, Kenya
Kitale
Cheranganyi Hills
Saiwa National Park Mt. Elgon
Nzoia River Basin
Lake Victoria
Tugen Hills
Marigat
Lake Bogoria
Lake Baringo
Eldoret
Kisumu
Maseno
Kakamega
Forest
Protected Areas
Water Towers
Deforestation
Flooding
Water Towers
Protected Areas
Sedimentation
UNIQUE PEOPLE
Maize
Sugar Cane
Rice
Stones and Sand
River
Exports
Social-Ecological-System
Trajectory of
Land Use -
Performance
in GIS Representation
Catchment LULC
Impounded ReservoirServices
Water Quantity
Qualíty Water
Electrical Power
Downstream Services
Upstream
Payments
Terrestrial
Services
Sediments, N,
P, DOC, POC
Policy and
Regulations
Cultural
Perception
Climate
Economic
Framework
Watershed-based Analysis of a Social-Ecological-System
Description and Response of the Social-Ecological-System
1. Agricultural and Forest Production, Water Use, Ecological Efficiencies
2. Water Quality and Water Distribution
BUT THIS IS NOT ENOUGH!
Uni-Bonn, 2010
Long-term Evolution of the Social-Ecological-System
How do we tie the natural and social systems together?
Natural science models must be compatible
with observed long-term change.
Economic Efficiencies and Trade-offs of the Social-Ecological-System
County and
City Governments:
Desire to actively plan
environmental policy
Local Stakeholders:
Desire for income, health,
and communal effort that
leads to improved services
LBDA:
Desire to implement
Integrated initiatives that
Improve livelihoods
CREATE Science
as a Knowledge
Provider:
Assembly of Data Bases
Assessment of SES
Response
Scenario Evaluations
Management of the Social-Ecological-System: The Need for Partnerships
Can we meet the challenges?
CREATE Science
as a Knowledge
Provider for:
Integrated Climate Change Mitigation Water, Sanitation and Health Strategic Capacity Building
Wetland encroachment – example conflict being addressed
Problem Solving in the Social-Ecological-System: The Need for Partnerships
Tree seedlings – potentials for food security and restoration; BUT science and potentials must be linked to action!
Critical Social Interactions That Preserve Landscape Function
Sensitizing teachers first is part of required innovation Catching them young is critical in schools outreach
Achieving sustainable services is a community effort Opportunities like today must build new social networks
Community-agreed regulations for wetland protection
FUTURE EARTH and CREATE
The late Nobel Peace Prize winner Dr. Wangari Maathai was a person able to perceive the linkages between politics, economics, ecosystem science, global change and human well-being. The newly initiated global change programs of “Future Earth” (http://www.icsu.org/future-earth) and Ecosystem Change and Society (http://www.pecs-science.org/) expand on the vision of Dr. Maathai and others, working to to integrate research on the stewardship of social–ecological systems and to break down barriers that have impeded understanding of social-ecological transformations.
Consortium for Research in East African Tropical Ecosystems
www.bayceer.uni-bayreuth.de/CREATE
Consortium for Research in East African Tropical Ecosystems
Problem Solving: Requires interest, commitment, cooperation and willingness to implement change! In this context, the CREATE effort is an attempt to build communication! The CREATE web site is intended as an ecological mobile phone! To work together, we must call each other!
www.bayceer.uni-bayreuth.de/CREATE
Policy and Implementation
Cultural Perceptions, Economics and
Technology
Land Use at Different Scales
Transdisciplinary Design of
Evaluation Tools
Transdisciplinary Environmental Science
Education Transdisciplinary
Scenarios of Future Land Use
Adaptive Management and Policy Tuning
Transdisciplinary Management Practitioners
Stakeholder Participation
Role of Educational Institutions and Research
Schooling to Graduate Training
Overall Goal: Sustainable Ecosystem Services
Under Global Change
Current Regulatory Regime –
Management
Role of Agencies And Stakeholders
Desired Awareness of Social-ecological System Complexity, e.g., Potential for Adaptive Governance
Ecosystem Management
The Long-term Vision for Social-Ecological Analyses
Assessment of Scenarios Sensitive to Climate, Policy,
Economics and Culture
Thank you for your attention
Consortium for Research in East African Tropical Ecosystems
For a pdf copy of this presentation, and a further background manuscript related to the ideas discussed – see www.bayceer.uni-bayreuth.de/CREATE for downloads.