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A Simple Guide To Larynx,

Laryngitis And Vocal Cord Diseases

by Dr Kenneth Kee M!,!S

"Singapore# $hD "%ealthcare

 Administration# Copyright Kenneth Kee

&'() Smash*ords +dition $ublished

!y Kenneth Kee at

Smash*ordscom Dedication This

boo is dedicated to my *i-e

Dorothy and my children

.ntroduction The Larynx  The larynx or thevoice box as it is commonly called is a complex

organ in the neck of humans which is involved in

breathing, sound production and pro- tecting the

trachea against food aspiration. It consists of

cartilages, ligaments, muscles and mucus

membrane. In adult humans the larynx lies infront of the pharynx in the anterior neck at the

level of the !"# vertebrae. It connects the

inferior part of the pharynx with the trachea. The

larynx houses the vocal cords which are essential

for speech. The vocal cords lie $ust below where

the tract of the pharynx splits into the tra- chea

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and the esophagus. artilages The laryngeal

skeleton consists of nine cartilages% &. three

single 'epiglottic, thyroid and cricoid( and ).

three paired 'arytenoid, corniculate, and

cuneiform(. The nine cartilages support the

mammalian larynx and form its

skeleton. &. Thyroid artilage% This forms the

Adam*s apple. It is usually larger in males than in

females. The thyrohyoid membrane is a ligament

associated with the thyroid cartilage thatconnects the thyroid cartilage with the hyoid

bone. ). ricoid cartilage% ricoid cartilage is in

the shape of a signet ring of hyaline cartilage

that forms the inferior wall of the larynx. It is

attached to the top of trachea. !.

+piglottis% +piglottis is a large, spoon-shapedpiece of elastic cartilage with its narrow stalk

attached inferiorly to the back of thyroid cartilage

and a broad extremity facing upwards. uring

swallowing, the pharynx and larynx rise.

+levation of the pharynx widens it to receive food

and drink. +levation of the larynx causes theepiglottis to move down and form a lid over the

glottis closing it o. . /aired Arytenoid

artilage% The arytenoid cartilages are pyramidal

in shape and has a base, an apex, two processes

and three surfaces 'medial, anterolateral and

posterior( These are triangular pieces of mostly

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