anatomy, lecture 5, pleurae & lungs (slides)
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Anatomy, Lecture 5, Pleurae & Lungs (slides)TRANSCRIPT
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Thoracic Cavity:
Pleurae & Lungs
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Thoracic Cavity
3 parts
2 pulmonary: (lat.)
lungs & pleurae (?)
Mediastinum: (central)
Heart & other str. (??)
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Pleura
Fluid filled sac that surrounds the lung
Fxn.:
friction between ?? & ??
* As when you push your fist in fluid filled baloon
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Compartments of Pleura
2 continuous memb. &
a cavity in between
- Visceral Pleura:
covers the lungs & follow its curves
- Parietal Pleura:
lines thoracic wall,
mediastinum & ??
- Pleural Cavity:
space between ??
contains fluid (why?)
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Pleural Surfaces
- Costal surface
opposite to ribs & intercostal m.
- Mediastinal surface
opposite to mediastinum (med.)
- Diaphragmatic surface
opposite to ??
- Cervical pleura
extends into the neck
(2-3 cm above clavicle)
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Pleural ReflectionsCurvatures between pleural surfaces
- Sternal Ref.
Sharp, ant. between ??
- Costal Ref.
Sharp, inf. between ??
- Vertebral
rounded, post. between ??
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Pleural Recesses
Recess: Deep space created by pleural reflections
Costodiaphragmatic Recess:
space between costal & diaphragmatic surfaces of the pleura
Costomediastinal Recess:
space between costal & mediastinal surfaces
* larger in Lf. side
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Neurovascular Supply to The Pleura
Parietal: (very sensitive)
Follows thoracic wall Intercostal VAN
Diaphragmatic:
musculophrenic a.
Phrenic n.
Visceral: Follows the lung Bronchial a. & V.
* No innervation insensitive
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Abnormalities in Pleural Cavity
Pneumothorax: ??? in pleural cavity
from: penetrating wounds (fractured rib)
Hemothorax: ??? In pleural cavity
from: inj. To intercostal vessel
Chylothorax: ??? in pleural cavity
from: inj. To thoracic duct
partial lung collapse & impaired respiration
Rx.: Thoracocentesis
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Thoracocentesis
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The Lungs
The vital organ of respiration
Fxn.: oxygenation of bld.
Appearance ??
Each lung have:Apex:extends into ??
3 surfaces:costal, mediast., diaphragm.
3 borders:ant., post., inf.
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Right Lung
Larger than left lung
Divides into 3 lobes:
sup., middle, inf.
in between lobes 2 fissures:
Oblique fissure:
6th CC (ant.) T2 (post.)
Horizontal fissure:
4th CC (ant.)
oblique fissure at ??
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Left Lung
Smaller than Rt. Because ??
2 lobes:
Sup., inf.
1 fissure:
Oblique fissure
Ant. Border:
Cardiac Notch
Lingula
(beneath the notch)
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Root & Hilum of The Lung
On Medial Surface
Root:
Str. that enter or leave the lung
Hilum:
site where the root is attached to the lung
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Arrangement of Structures In Lung Hilum
Left LungRight Lung
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Trachea
Fibrocartilaginous tube
(C6 Sternal angle)
In deep inspiration it reaches the level of ?
~13 cm Length & 2.5 cm Width
Anterolat.:
U-shaped bars of hyaline catilage
Post.:
smooth muscle (trachialis)
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Bronchi
1. Main bronchi (1O):One on each side
Extend from ?? To ??
Rt. bronchus:
Wider, shorter & more vertical
Lf. Bronchus:
Narrower, longer &
more horizontal
Relations of lf. Bronchus:
Inf. ? , Ant. ??
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2. Lobar bronchi (2O):2 lf. : sup and inf
3 Rt. : sup, middle, and inf
3. Segmental bronchi (3O):Supply the
bronchopulmonary segments
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Bronchopulmonary Segments(Read Your Textbook for Complete Details)
Anatomical, Functional, & Surgical units of the lung
- Subdivisions of lung lobes
- Pyramidal in shape:
apex: root, base: pleural surfaces
- Each segment has its own bld. Supply & innervation
- Separated by C.T.
- 10 in each lung
- Diseased segment can be removed surgically
(because it is a structural unit)