anatomy of bone & joint types
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Anatomy of Bone & Joint Types. Anatomy & Physiology Mrs. Halkuff. Compact Bone Under A Microscope. Mature bone cells are called osteocytes . Compact bone shows a definite pattern of arrangement. Lamellae : Concentric rings formed around canals. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Anatomy of Bone &Joint Types
Anatomy & PhysiologyMrs. Halkuff
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Compact Bone Under A Microscope• Mature bone cells are
called osteocytes.• Compact bone shows a
definite pattern of arrangement.
• Lamellae: Concentric rings formed around canals.
• Haversian Canal: Chanel through which blood vessels run.
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• Lacunae: Cavity where osteocytes live. Formed when matrix hardened.
• Volkmann’s Canal: Connects Haversian Canals.
• Canaliculi: Connect Lacunae
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Osteon
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Joints
• A joint is where two bones meet.– Also called an articulation
• 3 Types of joints:1. Fibrous2. Cartilaginous3. Synovial
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Fibrous Joints
• Two bones meet; no movement is produced.– Ex. Sutures in the skull
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Cartilaginous Joints
• Slight movement occurs– Ex. Where spine and ribs attach
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Synovial Joints• Have bursae filled with fluid and allow for a
great range of motion.– Saddle Joint- concave/convex– Ball & Socket Joint- Head fits into groove.– Gliding Joint- small bones that move or glide past
each other to allow quick movement.
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More Synovial Joints–Hinge Joint: Allows bending & straightening.–Pivot Joint: Allow rotation around an axis.–Condyloid Joint: Allow movement but no
rotation.
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Classification
• Synarthroses: No movement• Amphiarthroses: Slight
movement• Diarthroses: Freely moveable
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Disorders• Arthritis – refers to more than 100 different
forms of joint pain and inflammation– 1 in 7 Americans has some form of it.– Osteoarthritis: “wear and tear” – breakdown of
cartilage, bone spurs form – treat pain and encourage activity to maintain mobility
– Rheumatoid arthritis: autoimmune version – chronic inflammation mostly of wrists, fingers, ankles and feet
– Gouty arthritis: uric acid crystals in soft tissue – often strikes the big toe
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• Osteoporosis: breaking down of bone leading to possible fractures
• Rickets – softening of bones in children due to calcium deficiencies.
• Osteogenesis Imperfecta: AKA brittle bone disease– Bones fracture easily and child does not grow to
normal stature• Lordosis, Kyphosis and scoliosis: Abnormal
curvatures of the spine
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