Anatomy of mobile systems

Lin ZhongELEC424, Fall 2010

Outline

• Physical• Integrated circuit• Software• Cost• Power profile

• Administration

2

Physical profile: Case study• HP Jornada 928

– Released in 2002– TI OMAP 710 133MHz– 64MB RAM– CompactFlash I– 221 grams– QVGA refective TFT display– GSM/GPRS– Windows Pocket PC 2002

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Component stack-up (17mm)

Portable Electronics Product Design & Development, Bert Haskell, 2004

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Weight profile

Enclosure31%

Electronic boards25%

Display assembly22%

Batteries16%

Miscellaneous6%

Which parts are most likely to become lighter?

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Physical trend

• Lighter but not necessarily smaller• More integrated

– Jornada 928 has about 600 discrete components– System-in-a-package (SiP)– Digital RF

• Single-chip cell phone

Source: ICCAD’05, Bogdan Staszewski, TI 6

Integrated circuit: Jornada 928

• Simplified block diagram (Bert Haskell)

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Software profile

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Firmware (BIOS, fixed software in microcontrollers)

Device drivers (System interface to peripheral devices)

Operating system

Managed runtime(Java virtual machine, .NET framework)

Libraries(graphics, e.g. OpenGL, user interfaces, e.g.

Qt)

Applications

Cost profile

Electronic as-semblies; 124.38;

73%

Displays; 30.68; 18%

Housing/mechanical, $7.16, 4%

Batteries; 6.64; 4%

Final assembly; 1.64; 1%

Integrated circuits;

68.86; 55%

RF modules; 12.41; 10%

Discretes; 15.14; 12%

Connectors; 4.17; 3%

Substrates; 10.38; 8%

Insertion; 10.22; 8%PCB test; 3.19; 3%

Source: PEPDD, Bert Haskell

Total cost: $170.5

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Cost profile (Contd.)

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Rest27%

Display11%

Touch screen9%Flash (16GB)

13%

Application processor8%

SDRAM (Stacked on)5%

Baseband7%

Cellular transceiver2%

GPS receiver1%

Power IC1%

Camera5%

Bluetooth/FM/WLAN 3%

Memory MCP2%

Audio Codec1%

Manufacturing4%

iPhone 3GS~$179 BOM

$199 with AT&T plan

>$700 from ebay without plan

Cost profile (PC)

• Dell Inspiron 1420 basic system: ~$650 (08/08)– Including Windows Vista Home: ~$200 (retail)

• Office 2007-Student:~$100– Professional version :~$500

• Security software: ~$100 (three years)

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Software is really expensive!!!

iPhone 3GS teardown

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iPhone 3GS teardown (Contd.)

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$3.65

$2.8

$8.5$14.46

$1.25

$24

$1.15

$1.3$13

iPhone 3GS teardown (Contd.)

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$2.25

$5.95

Power profile: Pocket PC

Basic idle; 244; 12%

Computing; 383; 19%

LCD; 82; 4%

Lighting; 444; 22%

Speaker; 367; 18%

Earphone; 65; 3%

Bluetooth; 470; 23%

Power profile of HP iPAQ 4350 (mW)

Power for audio delivery

iPAQ 4350, 2004

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Power profile: SmartphoneLighting: Keyboard; 72.937037227937;

3%

Lighting: Display I; 147.835647317401; 5%

Lighting: Display II; 61.2835089189649; 2%

LCD; 12.8726439856928; 0%

Speaker; 45; 2%

Bluetooth; 440; 16%

GPRS; 1600; 58%

Compute; 370; 13%

Cellular network; 17; 1%

Flight mode: Sleep; 3; 0%

Audiovox 5600, 2004

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Power profile: Interactive tasksA computer spends most of its energy in idle periods due to the human-computer speed mismatch

0 1 2 3 4 50

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Time (s)

Pow

er (W

att)

Power trace for Calculator on a Sharp Zaurus 5500

User delaysDisplay power significant

99% time and 95% energy spent waiting during interaction17

Power profile: Make a call

Ringing Voicemail

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 12001 14001 16001 18001 20001 22001 24001 26001 28001 30001

Time (ms)

Pow

er (W

)

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Power profile: Browse web

Downloading (cnn.com) Back lightings change

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 12001 14001 16001 18001 20001 22001

Time (ms)

Pow

er (W

)

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Power profile: Play videoSpeaker on

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 12001 14001 16001 18001

Time (ms)

Pow

er (W

) Speaker on

Speaker off

Speaker off

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1 2001 4001 6001 8001 10001 12001 14001 16001 18001

Time (ms)

Pow

er (W

)

30-minute of streaming video will exhaust the battery20

Industrial profile

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IC

System integration/manufacture

Operating system

Applications

Microsoft

Samsung, LG, HTC, Moto,…

NokiaApple

TI, ARM, MIPS (Digital), QualcomBroadcom, Marvel (RF, Analog)

Verizon, Sprint, AT&T etc.

RIM (Blackberry)

Services

Palm

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Source: Yahoo! Finance