ancient greek culture - reeves' history page · replaced temple destroyed by persians the...
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Ancient Greek Culture
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Mount Olympus
Greek Gods
• Anthropomorphic
• Explain natural events
• Oracle at Delphi
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Architecture
Greek Golden Mean
“Nothing in excess, everything in moderation
(proportion).”
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The Parthenon
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Replaced temple destroyed by Persians
The Parthenon
Architect: Iktinos Engineer: Phidias
Completed 431 BCE
228.6’ x 101.4’ : Entasis
Doric style
Acropolis: temple to Athena Parthenos “the Virgin”
Used to store tax records, as treasury for Delian League
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•Athena 39’ high (pictured with Nike and snake: “renewal”)
•Made of wood plated with gold and ivory
•44 talents of gold = $12 million
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Destruction of Parthenon
War against Turks, Venetians fired upon in 1687
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Doric Ionic Corinthian
Sturdy, plain,
mainland Greece
Acanthus leaves,
Rome
Slender, scroll
design, used in
Eastern Greece
Greek Columns
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Painting
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Greek Pottery
Amphora Krater Lekythos
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Sculpture
Winged Victory: Nike of Samothrace
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Myron
The Discus Thrower
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Phidias
Zeus
Temple at Olympia
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Praxiteles
Hermes and the infant Dionysus
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Venus de
Milo
Artemis of
Ephesus
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Laocoon (160-20 BC)
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Socrates469-399 BC
• Opposed the sophists
• Evil = ignorance
• Philosopher = lover of wisdom and truth
• Used Socratic inquiry
• “The unexamined life is not worth living”
• “Know thyself”
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Plato 427-347 BC
• Academy in Athens
• Wrote Republic (ideal government, jobs suited to talents)
• Demos: stay in their place
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Aristotle384-322 BC
• Student of Plato
• Organized
information into
“systems” (ex.
biology, zoology)
• Believed strong
middle class = strong
democracy
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Math & Science
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Pythagoras“father of numbers”
Archimedesinvented the lever
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Hippocrates“the father of medicine”
Hippocratic Oath: “The physician shall do no harm.”
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Aristarchas“heliocentric model of the
universe
Euclid“father of geometry”
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HistoryHerodotus
“father of history”
Thucydides
“history repeats itself”
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The Greek Stage
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Greek chorus
Amphitheatre Greek masks
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Aeschylus
• “Founder of
tragedy
• Wrote about great
heroes
• Agamemnon
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Sophocles
• Wrote about traditional Greek values
• Oedipus trilogy
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Euripides
• Wrote one of first anti-war works: The Trojan Women
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Aristophanes
• Writer of comedy
• Sarcastic, biting satire
• Made fun of rich and famous
• For example: Clouds (about Socrates)