ANDROID Technology

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PRESENTATION

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ByMr. Ravindra Jagannath Mandale

Assistant Professor

Department of Computer Science & EngineeringRIT, Rajaramnagar

Mobile computing What is Android ?OHAAndroid’s market sharesAndroid featuresWhy to learn Android?Developers angleAndroid platformArchitecture Tools in androidExamples of advanced appsConclusion

Contents

Mobile devices are making a significant change in our daily life and we are increasingly rely on mobile devices.

Need of Mobile OS.Eg. Google’s Android, Microsoft’s Windows

Mobile, Apple’s iOS, etc.

Mobile Computing

Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications.

Linux kernel based O.S. found by Andy Rubin in 2005.Google ->OHA (Open Handset Alliance)The first truly open and comprehensive platform for

mobile devices such as smart phones or tablet computers.

WHAT IS ANDROID?

A business alliance consisting of 47 companies to develop open standards for mobile devices.

OHA (Open Handset Alliance)

According to GARTNER SURVEY (The world's leading information technology research and advisory company)

Mobile OS market share in Q4 2012

Android’s UI includes windows, views and widgets.

Android provides an integrated browser engine-

Webkit

SQLite for structured data storage

Provides 2D and 3D graphics with OpenGL library

Supports Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, GPRS, EDGE,3G,GSM

telephony, media, camera, compass, accelerometer

(hardware dependent)

Android features

A simple and powerful SDKNo licensing, distribution, or development feesDevelopment over many platform Linux, Mac OS,

Windows, etc.Excellent documentationPrize (amazon’s kindle)Job opportunity

Why Android ?

How to make money? Creation of innovative apps Ads Creation of paid app Creating app in like to the market demand Immediate correct ions of app functionalities after taking input

from users Creating update for the app Challenges Varity of devices Choice of technology Continuous innovation in your app Quality Flexibility of product Changing market trends

Developer's Angle

Platform roadmap

Android Architecture

Providing environment on which every Android application runs Each Android application runs in its own process, with its

own instance of the Dalvik VM. Dalvik has been written such that a device can run multiple

VMs efficiently. Executing the Dalvik Executable (.dex) format

.dex format is optimized for minimal memory footprint. Compilation process

Dalvik Virtual Machine (DVM)

Views:

-Building block for UI components.

Eg.button,textview,etc.Activities:

-An activity is a user interface concept. An activity usually represents a single screen in your application. It generally contains one or more views.

-Interaction with users: creating a window to place UI

-full screen windows, floating windows, embedded inside of another activity

-Eg. Registration, Messaging GUI

ANDROID APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE

Services

-Background processes for long durations and higher priority than inactive activities.

- No UI and used for responding for events, eg. N/W operationIntent

-Inter-communication among activities or servicesResource

-Externalization of strings and graphicsBroadcast receivers

-A broadcast receiver is a component that responds to systemwide broadcast announcements. Many broadcasts originate from the system.

-No UI

ANDROID APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE

Notification

-signaling users: Light, sound, icon, dialog, notification

-Eg. new message arrivesContent Providers

-share data between applications

-Android defines a standard mechanism for applications to share data (such as a list of contacts) without exposing the underlying storage, structure, and implementation.

ANDROID APPLICATION ARCHITECTURE

An Android project contains all the files that includes the source code for our Android app. The Android SDK tools make it easy to start a new Android project with a set of default project directories and files.

Two ways:

1) Eclipse (with the ADT plugin)

2) SDK tools from a command line

Creating an Android Project

The Android Emulator(AVD) -Implementation of the Android virtual machine

-Test and debug your android applications.

-limitations include USB connections, camera and video capture, headphones, battery simulation, and Bluetooth.

Dalvik Debug Monitoring Service (DDMS) -Monitor and control the DVM

-Logcat (to see logged messages)

Tools for Android

DALVIK DEBUG MONITORING SERVICE

ANDROID DEBUG BRIDGE(ADB)

-Manage the state of an emulator instance or Android-powered device

-Copy files, install compiled application packages, and run shell commands

Tools available for Android

ANDROID DEBUG BRIDGE(ADB)

Traceview

-Graphical analysis tool for viewing the trace logs from your Android application

-Debug your application and profile its performanceMkSDCard :

-Creates an SDCard disk image

Tools available for Android

Foundation of an Android application.Identify any user permissions the application requires, such as

Internet access or read access to the user’s contacts.Declare the minimum API Level required by the application, based

on which APIs the application uses.Declare hardware and software features used or required by the

application, such as a camera, bluetooth services, or a multitouch screen.

API libraries the application needs to be linked against (other than the Android framework APIs), such as the Google Maps library.

The Manifest File

Symbian:Symbian is only used by Nokia hence Nokian OSSource code for Symbian is not available to anybodyMain feature- Multitasking We cant create applications in this platform since it is licensedAndroid :More modern and user friendlyEasier to use than SymbianOpen source operating systemfeature- Multitasking and it allows to create applications for freeUsed in many new models

Symbian Vs Android

Evernote apps-to prepare notes regarding courses & it has reminder tool.

-to record lecture in classesShare your Board apps-to capture blackboard image in the classQuickpedia -easily access Wikipedia on our phoneGoogle docs apps

-edit and access our document with the help of any computer

Advanced Android Apps

Now a days, Android powers millions of phones, tablets and other devices in a wide variety of screen sizes and form factors. By taking advantage of Android’s flexible layout system, we can create applications that gracefully scale from large tablets to smaller phones.

There are different useful security application programs and services are available for Android whereby a registered users can find the approximate location of the phone. This helps to locate lost or stolen phones.

Summary

For downloading sdk you can visit to following website: http://developer.android.com/sdk/installing/index.html?pkg=adt

Where to find Android SDK?

The Android Application Development College Challenge- IEEE

Online development guide http://developer.android.com/guide/index.html

References