ANIMAL ANIMAL REPRODUCTIOREPRODUCTIO

NNAdvanced Animal ScienceAdvanced Animal Science

Male AnatomyMale AnatomyTerms to knowTerms to know

Seminiferous Seminiferous TubulesTubules

Interstitial CellsInterstitial Cells SpermSperm TestesTestes EjaculateEjaculate

ScrotumScrotum EpididymisEpididymis UrethraUrethra PenisPenis TestosteronTestosteron

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Terms:Terms: Sterile: can’t produce live spermSterile: can’t produce live sperm Ridgeling male in which neither testicle Ridgeling male in which neither testicle

descends from the body cavity (hereditary descends from the body cavity (hereditary trait)trait)

Cryptorchidism: one testicle does not Cryptorchidism: one testicle does not descend from the bodydescend from the body

Sheath: tubular fold of skin that houses Sheath: tubular fold of skin that houses the penisthe penis

Septum: divides the two sacs of the Septum: divides the two sacs of the scrotumscrotum

Spermatic cord: house the vas Spermatic cord: house the vas deferens. What is cut during deferens. What is cut during castration.castration.

Testosterone: develops and Testosterone: develops and maintains accessory sex glands; maintains accessory sex glands; stimulates secondary sexual stimulates secondary sexual characteristics; regulates sexual characteristics; regulates sexual behavior and sperm productionbehavior and sperm production

Sigmoid Flexure: found in bulls, Sigmoid Flexure: found in bulls, rams, and boars. Extends the penis rams, and boars. Extends the penis from the sheathfrom the sheath

Retractor Penis Muscle: helps retract Retractor Penis Muscle: helps retract the penis back into the sheaththe penis back into the sheath

Penis: deposits the semen with in the Penis: deposits the semen with in the female reproductive tractfemale reproductive tract

Male Male AnatoAnato

mymy

Male Poultry TermsMale Poultry Terms Vas Deferens: carry the seminal fluid and Vas Deferens: carry the seminal fluid and

sperm cells to the cloacasperm cells to the cloaca Cloaca: the enlarged part where the large Cloaca: the enlarged part where the large

intestine joins the end of the alimentary intestine joins the end of the alimentary canalcanal

Alimentary canal: the food-carrying Alimentary canal: the food-carrying passage that starts at the mouth and ends passage that starts at the mouth and ends at the ventat the vent

Papilla: the organ in the wall of the cloaca Papilla: the organ in the wall of the cloaca that puts the sperm cells into the hen’s that puts the sperm cells into the hen’s reproductive tractreproductive tract

Four influences on sperm Four influences on sperm production:production:

1.1. Frequency of ejaculationFrequency of ejaculation2.2. Hours of light in a dayHours of light in a day3.3. Age Age 4.4. Testicle sizeTesticle size

Female AnatomyFemale AnatomyTerms to knowTerms to know

OvariesOvaries EstrogenEstrogen ProgresteroneProgresterone FollicleFollicle OvulationOvulation CervixCervix

OvumOvum UterusUterus OviductsOviducts

Placenta: attached to the Placenta: attached to the endometrial lining of the uterus by endometrial lining of the uterus by tons of tiny villi; transfers blood, tons of tiny villi; transfers blood, oxygen, and nutrition to the unborn oxygen, and nutrition to the unborn babybaby

FemalFemale e

AnatoAnatomymy

Reproductive Reproductive ProcessProcess

Terms to knowTerms to know EstrousEstrous• MetestrusMetestrus• ProestrusProestrus• EstrusEstrus• DiestrusDiestrus

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Other Repro HormonesOther Repro Hormones Oxytocin: stimulates uterine Oxytocin: stimulates uterine

contractions and milk let downcontractions and milk let down Prolactin: promotes lactation and Prolactin: promotes lactation and

stimulates the CLstimulates the CL Estrogen: promotes female sexual Estrogen: promotes female sexual

behavior; stimulates sexual behavior; stimulates sexual characteristics; growth of characteristics; growth of reproductive tract; mammary reproductive tract; mammary growth; feedback controlgrowth; feedback control