Ankle and Foot InjuriesAnkle and Foot Injuries

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Bony anatomy of the ankle: Anterior aspect

Lateral aspect of ankle

1. Calcaneum

2. Talus

3. Navicular

4. Cuboid

5. Medial cuneiform

6. Intermediate cuneiform

7. Lateral cuneiform

8. Metatarsal

9. Proximal phalanx

10. Middle phalanx

11. Distal phalanx

Mechanism of InjuryMechanism of Injury

• Definition

• Pattern of Injury

• Examination

Mechanism of InjuryMechanism of Injury

• Transfer of energy from environment to patient

• Gives an idea of what injury to expect

Mechanism Mechanism Pattern of InjuryPattern of Injury

• Inversion • Lat mall• Base of 5th

• Neck of fibula• Evertion

• Med mall• Plantar flexion

• Fracture/dislocation• Fall from height

• Os calcus• Crush

ExaminationExamination

• Look• Swelling• Bruising • Deformity esp Dislocated ankle

ExaminationExamination

• Feel• Where tender• Palpable deformity• Pulses

FeelFeel

• Head of fibula• Tibial tuberosity• Feel down fibula• Feel down tibia

FeelFeel

Base of 5th

Metatarsal

FeelFeel

• Medial malleolus

• Calcaneun

• Achilles tendon

NeurovascularNeurovascular

• Check pulses

• Capillary refill

• Colour and temperature

• Check sensation

ExaminationExamination

• Move• Range of movement• Any pain on movement

• X-Ray

XX--RayRayOttawa Ankle RulesOttawa Ankle Rules

• Cannot weight bear at time of injury and in dept

• Tender at posterior margin of• Lat mall• Med mall

• Tender base of 5th metatarsal• Tender navicular