ANNUAL FISH PASSAGE REPORT

ROCK ISLAND DAMCOLUMBIA RIVER, WASHINGTON1960

.

SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT-FISHERIES Na419

UNITED STATES DEj>AjmyiENTJ)Fjr^^

TTsir^iDrvn^iLrFEr^ERvTcr

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, STEWART L. UDALL, SECRETARYFish and Wildlife Service, Clarence F. Pautzke, CommissionerBureau of Commercial Fisheries, Donald L. McKernan, Director

ANNUAL FISH PASSAGE REPORT - ROCK ISLAND DAMCOLUMBIA RIVER, WASHINGTON, 1960

by

Paul D. Zimmer and Clifton C. Davidson

United States Fish and Wildlife Service

Special Scientific Report—Fisheries No. 419

Washington, D. C.

April 1962

IN MEMORIAM

This annual report of fishway operations

at Rock Island Dam in 1960 is dedicated

to the memory of co-author Clifton C.

Davidson, fishway superintendent. Mr.

Davidson, by his lifelong devotion to duty

and wholehearted cooperative spirit, was

an inspiration to all his associates.

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction 1

Counting procedures 1

Enumeration of fish 2

Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha 2

Chinook salmon jacks 2

Sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka (blueback or red) 2

Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (silver) 2

Steelhead trout, Salmon gairdneri 2

Miscellaneous fish 3

Weather and river discharge data 3

Activities and observations 3

Summary 4

iii

Rock Island Dam, Columbia River, Washington

iv

ANNUAL FISH PASSAGE REPORT - ROCK ISLAND DAMCOLUMBIA RIVER, WASHINGTON, 1960

by

Paul D. Zimmer, Clifton C. Davidson

Fishery Biologists (Management)

ABSTRACT

Important runs of salmon and steelhead trout pass Rock Island Dam on the

Columbia River. Annual records of fish movement past the dam are available from1933.

Count of 26,550 chinook salmon in 1960 is slightly more than half the peak year

of 1957. Sockeye salmon count of 60,341 exceeded the 27-year mean of 52,823. Only

94 coho salmon were recorded. Greatest count of coho salmon, 229, occurred in 1947.

Numbers of steelhead trout passing Rock Island Dam increased in 1960. The 27-year

mean of 2,946 steelhead trout was less than the 1960 count of 6,226. Approximately

150,660 fish other than salmon and steelhead trout passed Rock Island Dam in 1960.

INTRODUCTION

Rock Island Dam, located on the ColumbiaRiver approximately 12 miles downstreamfrom the city of Wenatchee, Wash., has been

in operation since 1933. The plant is ownedand operated by Chelan County Public Utility

District No. 1.

This report on passage of fish at RockIsland Dam during 1960 provides information

on operation of fishways and numbers of fish

utilizing upstream fish passage facilities.

Rock Island Dam is equipped with three

fishways: one located on the right bank,

Note.--Paul D. Zimmer and Clifton C Davidson(deceased), Bureau of Commercial Fisheries ColumbiaFisheries Program Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife

Service, Portland, Ore.

another on the left bank, and a third ap-

proximately in the center of the dam.

Biological data secured at Rock Island

Dam are useful in management of the Colum-bia River fishery resource and in planning

fish facilities at other dams.

COUNTING PROCEDURES

Counting of fish at Rock Island Dam in

1960 began on May 2 and ended October 29.

Counting was conducted on a full-time basis

throughout each day's period of daylight.

During the period May 2 to September 15

counts were made 16 hours each day; Sep-

tember 16-30, 12; and October 1-29, 8 hours

at right and middle ladders and 12 hours at

left bank fishway. A 15-minute rest period

was allowed each hour. During periods of

noncounting the three fishways were closed

to upstream movement of fish.

ENUMERATION OF FISH

Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

The chinook salmon count in 1960 of 26,550

is well above the mean of 15,153 for the

27-year period, 1933-59. The count increased

from that of 1959 (Zimmer, Davidson, and

Anders 1), and was slightly more than half

the annual fish count of 50,713 in 1957 (table

1). Monthly totals of chinook salmon counted

are given in table 2. Maximum day's count

in 1960 was 401 fish on August 3 (table 3).

In 1960 peak movement of chinook salmon(jacks included) occurred on August 3, when516 fish were counted through the fishways.

Tables 4 and 5 show semimonthly totals

of number and percentage of chinook salmoncounted through each fish ladder in 1960.

Data pertaining to chinook salmon daily

counts are contained in tables 6-11.

Chinook Salmon Jacks

Some chinook salmon return from the ocean

during the year following their seaward mi-gration and are referred to as "jacks." Thesefish are predominantly males and are smaller

than the average. It has been determined at

Rock Island Dam that up to June 30 of each

year jacks rarely, if ever, exceed 18 inches

in length, while the balance of the fish ap-

preciably exceed that length. Likewise, fromJuly 1 to the end of the season jacks rarely,

if ever, exceed 22 inches in length. Conse-quently, jacks at Rock Island Dam are identi-

fied by considering all chinook salmon 18

inches or less in length prior to July 1 as

jacks, and all chinook salmon 22 inches or

less in length subsequent to June 30 as jacks.

Monthly totals of jacks counted in 1960 are

given in table 2. In 1960, the maximum day's

count of chinook salmon jacks, 128, occurred

on August 10 (table 3). The 5, 08 2 fish recorded

as jacks constitute 19.1 percent of the total

1960 chinook salmon run.

iZimmer. Paul D„ Clifton C. Davidson, and Floyd S.

Anders. 1961. Annual fish passage report. RockIsland Dam, 1959. UJS. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Special Scientific Report --Fisheries No. 394, p. 1-14.

Data pertaining to semimonthly counts of

chinook salmon jacks utilizing each fish ladder

at Rock Island Dam in 1960 are given in

table 5.

Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka (blue-

back or red)

The sockeye salmon count of 60,341 for

1960 was greater than the 27-year mean of

53,092 (table 1). In 1960, peak of the run

was reached on July 19, when 3,524 fish

were counted through the fishway at RockIsland Dam.

In recent years attention has been drawnto the many small sockeye salmon at RockIsland Dam. During the 1960 counting period

sockeye salmon under 16 inches in length

were enumerated as small fish. Number of

sockeye salmon recorded as "small" was6,335 (10.5 percent).

Monthly totals of sockeye salmon counted

in 1960 are given in table 2.

Data pertaining to sockeye salmon daily

counts are contained in tables 8-11.

Tables 12 and 13 show semimonthly totals

of number and percentage of sockeye salmonascending each fishway. Of the sockeye salmon

passing Rock Island Dam in 1960, 61.52 per-

cent ascended the left ladder, while 22.36

and 16.11 percent ascended the middle and

right ladders, respectively.

Coho Salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (silver)

The coho salmon count of 94 in 1960 wasgreater than the 27-year mean of 63 and is

the sixth highest count recorded at Rock Island

Dam for this species (table 1). Monthly totals

of coho salmon counted in 1960 are given in

table 2. Maximum day's count in 1960 of 11

fish occurred on September 24. Daily counts

of coho salmon passing the dam are given in

tables 10 and 11.

Steelhead Trout, Salmo gairdneri

The steelhead trout count of 6,226 in 1960

was higher than those of the preceding 4 years

and is well above the 27-year mean of 2,946

(table 1). Monthly totals of steelhead trout

counted are given in table 2.

Maximum day's count in I960 was 198 on

September 20 (table 3).

Additional data pertaining to steelhead trout

daily counts are contained in tables 6-11.

Semimonthly totals of number and percent-

age of steelhead trout ascending each fish

ladder are given in table 14.

Miscellaneous Fish

In 1960, enumeration was made of species

of fish other than salmon and steelhead trout

passing Rock Island Dam. Data pertaining to

these fish are given in tables 15-20. No claimsare made as to complete accuracy of identi-

fication of these fish. It is felt, however, that

the degree of accuracy is consistent with that

maintained at other dams on the ColumbiaRiver and as such may be used as a rough

index of abundance of these fish. In 1960,

approximately 150,660 fish other than salmonand steelhead trout passed Rock Island Dam.Species of fish included are: largescale

sucker, Catostomus macrocheilus Girard;longnose sucker, Catostomus catostomus

(Forster); squawf ish, Ptychocheilus orego-

nense (Richardson); Rocky Mountain whitefish,

Prosopium williamsoni (Girard); ColumbiaRiver chub, Mylocheilus caurin us (Richardson);

chiselmouth, Acrocheilus alutaceus Agassizand Pickering; carp, Cyprinus carp to Linnaeus;

Dolly Varden trout, Salvelinus malma (Wal-

baum); and rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri

Richardson.

WEATHER AND RIVER DISCHARGE DATA

Figure 1.--HeadwaterMay 210

RockI960.

Island Dam,

Figure 2.--Tailwater elevations, Rock Island Dam,May 2 to October 29, 1960.

Headwater and tailwater elevations are

plotted on figures 1 and 2, respectively. Waterand air temperatures were taken by pocket

thermometer. Water temperatures given areaverage of morning and afternoon surface

readings. Daily records of weather conditions

and stream flows are shown in tables 6-11.

Daily river discharge data are plotted in

figure 3.

ACTIVITIES AND OBSERVATIONS

Arrival time of the first chinook salmonat Rock Island Dam in 1960 was 15 daysearlier than in 1959. In spite of this early

arrival of fish, the peak day's movement of

chinook salmon occurred on August 3, 70

days later than in 1959.

II I II I

I

I I I I I

I

Figure 3. --Daily river discharge. Rock Island Dam,May 2 to October 29, 1960.

There were no dewaterings necessary of

middle and right bank fishways during 1960.

The left bank fishway was dewatered twice

as follows: (1) April 28, to install special

weir for electronic fish counting experiments;

and (2) November 11 and 12, to remove special

weir.

Electronic fish counting experiments began

on July 21 and continued through August 5.

Broken guide rails prevented operation of

crest gate number 37, thereby eliminating

use of this gate to add attraction flow near

the right bank ladder.

In 1960, six chinook and one sockeye salmonbearing Fish Commission of Oregon colored

tags were recorded through the fishways at

Rock Island Dam.

SUMMARY

1. Total count of salmon and steelhead

trout at Rock Island Dam was 93,211 in 1960.

This was less than the 1959 count of 99,959but exceeded the 27-year mean of 70,983.

2. Yearly total counts of salmon and steel-

head trout passing Rock Island Dam during

the period 1933-60, inclusive, are given in

table 1.

3. The chinook salmon count of 26,550 in

1960 exceeded the total for this species in

1959 and was slightly greater than half the

peak year of 1957. In 1960, 5,082 jacks wererecorded, representing 19.1 percent of that

year's count.

4. The sockeye salmon count of 60,341 in

1960 was less than in 1959 but exceeded the

27-year mean of 52,824. Small sockeye under

16 inches in length comprised 10.5 percent

of the run. A greater percentage of sockeye

utilized the left bank ladder than used either

the middle or right bank ladders.

5. Few coho salmon have appeared at RockIsland Dam in the period 1933-60. Greatest

count of this species of salmon occurred in

1947, when 229 fish were recorded. The 1960

count of 94 was less than that of 1959 but

exceeded the 27-year mean of 60.

6. The steelhead trout count of 6,226 in

1960 exceeded all previous records and waswell above the 27-year mean of 2,946.

7. Although no quantitative data are avail-

able, it was the impression of the fishway

superintendent and the counters that the inci-

dence of injured fish was probably less than

half that observed in 1959.

8. Fish other than salmon and steelhead

trout passing Rock Island Dam in 1960 totalled

approximately 150,660.

9. Fish counting was begun on May 2 and

ended October 29.

10. Maximum number of salmonids counted

in 1 day during the 1960 season was 3,574 on

July 19.

Table 1. —Annual counts of salmon and steelhead trout at RockIsland Dam, 1933-60.

Table 3. —Maximum daily counts, salmon and steelhead,Rock Island Dam, 1960.

Table 5. —Number and percent of chinook salmon jacks countedeach fish ladder, Rock Island Dam, 1960.

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Table 12. —Number and percent of sockeye salmon (large) counted over eachladder, flock Island Dam, 1960.

Table 14. — Number and percent of steelhead trout counted over eachladder, Rock Island Dam, 1960.

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