annual report 1992/93 - british columbia...with subsequent revisions in 1992. in early 1992, a...

ANNUAL REPORT 1992/93

Province of British Columbia

Ministry of Forests

ANNUAL REPORT of the

Ministry of Forests

for the fiscal year ended March 31, 1993

Province of British Columbia

Ministry of Forests

Honourable Andrew Petter, Minister

The National Library of Canada has catalogued this publication as follows: British Columbia. Ministry of Forests.

Annual report of the Ministry of Forests for the fiscal year ended March 31. . . - 1989-

Continues in part : British Columbia. Ministry of Forests and Lands. Annual report of the Ministry of Forests and Lands, ISSN 0838-3154

Report year ends Mar. 31. ISSN 1184-003X = Annual report of the Ministry of

Forests (Victoria)

1. British Columbia. Ministry of Forests - Periodicals. 2. Forest policy - British Columbia - . Periodicals. 1. Title.

SD14.B7B72 354.7110682’338’05 C91-081992-o

May 1994

Lieutenant-Governor of Btikish Columbia in Council

Parliament Buildings

Victoria, British Columbia

May It Please Your Honour:

Herewith I respectfully submit the Annual Report of the Ministry of Forests

;;1

for the fiscal year ended M,arch 31, 1993.

Q&

Andrew Petter

Minister of Forests

May 1994

The Honourable Andrew Pettc Minister of Forests Parliament Buildings Victoria, British Columbia

Sir:

I have the honour to submit t Annual Report of the Ministry of Forests

for the fiscal year ended Mar 31, 1993.

Gerry R. Armstrong Deputy Minister Ministry of Forests

CONTENTS

The Ministry of Forests. ................................................................................................................ 9

1992/93: The Year at a Glance ................................................................................................................................. 10

Legislative authority.. .............................................................................................................................................. 17

Implementing the mandate ..................................................................................................................................... 17

Guiding principles.. .................................................................................................................................................. 18

Reports.. .................................................................................................................................................................... 19

The ministry’s structure .......................................................................................................................................... 19

Organization chart .............................................................................................................................................. 20

Headquarters: general orga.nization.. ................................................................................................................. 22

Headquarters: divisions organization ................................................................................................................ 22

Regions: general organization.. ........................................................................................................................... 23

Districts: general organizat,ion ........................................................................................................................... 24

Program reports ................................................................................................................................. 27

Introduction.. ............................................................................................................................................................ 28

Management Services.. ............................................................................................................................................ 30

Public Affairs ....................................................................................................................................................... 31

Harvesting.. .............................................................................................................................................................. 33

Research ................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Integrated Resource Management.. ........................................................................................................................ 39

Resource Planning.. ............................................................................................................................................. 40

Range Management.. ........................................................................................................................................... 42

Recreation Management ..................................................................................................................................... 43

Corporate Policy and Planning.. ......................................................................................................................... 47

Economics and Trade .......................................................................................................................................... 48

Forest Inventory.. ..................................................................................................................................................... 51

Silviculture ............................................................................................................................................................... 54

Provincial Silviculture programs.. ...................................................................................................................... 54

The Canada - B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource

Development (FRDA II). ................................................................................................................................. 57

Silviklture activities overview.. ............................................................................................................................. 60

Fire Suppression ...................................................................................................................................................... 68

Direct Fire Fighting ............................................................................................................................................ 68

Fire Preparedness ............................................................................................................................................... 70

Small Business Forest Enterprise Program.. ......................................................................................................... 73

South Moresby Implementation.. ............................................................................................................................ 76

Forest Replacement ............................................................................................................................................. 76

Forestry Compensation.. ..................................................................................................................................... 77

CONTENTS

Tables.. .............................................................................................................................................................. 79 Summary financial and statistical tables.. ..................................................................................................... 80 Table 1 Revenue in 1992193, by category, by forest region.. ........................................................................... 80

Table 2 Expenditure and full-time equivalents (FTEs) in 1992/93, by source of funds.. .............................. 81 Table 3 Expenditures in 1992193, by category, by forest region.. ................................................................... 82 Table 4 Productive forest land in 1992/93 in timber supply areas and tree farm licences, by forest region .... 82

Table 5 Deletion of land from provincial forests in 1992/93, by forest region.. ............................................. 83

Table 6 Changes in the not satisfactorily restocked (NSR) Crown land in 1992/93 ..................................... 84

Detailed financial tables.. ................................................................................................................................... 86

Table A-l Minister’s office expenditures in 1992/93, by category of expenditure ............................................ 86 Table B-l Management Services - Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1992193, by activity.. ................... .86

Table B-2 Management Services - support for other program expenditures in 1992193, by activity.. ........... 87

Table C-l Harvesting expenditures in 1992193, by activity, by forest region ................................................... 88 Table D-l Research - Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1992/93, by activity, by forest region ................ 89

Table D-2 Research - Support for other programs expenditures in 1992/93, by activity, by forest region ..... 89 Table E-l Integrated Resource Management expenditures in 1992/93, by activity, by forest region ............. 90 Table F-l Inventory-Forest Renewal Plan expenditures in 1992/93, by activity, by forest region ............... 91

Table F-2 Inventory -Provincial Inventory expenditures in 1992/93, by activity, by forest region.. ............. 91

Table G-l* Silviculture expenditures under all ministry funded programs in 1992193, by funding source, by program, by forest region ............................................................................................................... 92

Table G-l Silviculture - Provincial Silviculture programs expenditures in 1992/93, by activity,

by forest region .................................................................................................................................... 93 Table G-2 Silviculture - Forest Resource Development Agreement expenditures in 1992/93 by program,

by forest region .................................................................................................................................... 93

Table H-l Direct Fire Fighting expenditures in 1992/93, by activity, by forest region .................................... 94 Table I-l Fire Suppression Preparedness expenditures in 1992193, by activity, by forest region .................. 94

Table J-1 Forest Resources Commission expenditures in 1992/93, by category of expenditure.. ................... 95

Table K-l Forest Stand Management Fund expenditures in 1992193, by category of expenditure ................. 95 Table L-l Small Business Forest Enterprise Program expenditures in 1992/93, by activity, by forest region ... 96

Table M-l South Moresby Implementation expenditures in 1992193, by activity, by forest region ................. 96

Detailed statistical tables.. ................................................................................................................................. 97 C-2 to C-12 Harvesting .................................................................................................................................. 97 - 107

E-2 to E-4 Protection.. 108 L ................................................................................................................................ 109

F-3 to F-6 Range - ........................................................................................................................................ 110 111

F-7a to F-7b Recreation.. 112 - ............................................................................................................................... 113 G-3 to G-17 Silviculture.. - .............................................................................................................................. 114 135

L-2 to L-5 Small Business Forest Enterprise Program.. - ......................................................................... I36 138

M-2 South Moresby Implementation.. ...................................................................................................... 138

Glossary of terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 139

THE MINI

1992/93: RENEWAL

Quick Facts Total area of B.C., in hectares:

95 million. Crown productive

forest land: 45.6 million.

Suitable and available forest

land: 26 million. Percentage of that 26 million hectares that

is coniferous forest: 96.

Expenditures 0 1992193: $647,327,000 1991/92: $666,946,000

Table 1

British Columbia’s forests are its most commercially valuable renew-

able resource. The Ministry of Forests protects and manages B.C.‘s forest and range lands for the best short- and long-term balance of social,

economic and environmental benefits for all British Columbians.

Crown provincial forests cover approximately 85 per cent of the

province, and provide British Columbians with timber, wildlife habitat,

recreation opportunities, range lands, clean air and water, and a host of other values. In 1992/93 the ministry reinforced its commitment to

sound, integrated stewardship of these resources.

THE YEAR AT A GLANCE Several major initiatives began in 1992/93, including the Forest

Practices Code, the Forest Sector Strategy, the Timber Supply Review,

and the First Nations Forestry Council. Significant progress was made

on initiatives already underway, such as the Old Growth Strategy, Soil

Conservation Guidelines, and Biodiversity Guidelines. These projects all generally fell into one of two categories: forest management practices, or

land use planning.

Every major initiative undertaken by the Ministry of Forests is developed with input from the forest industry, First Nations, the environmental

and academic communities, other provincial and local governments,

and interested members of the public. Stakeholder input is invited on

all aspects of the ministry’s initiatives, from representation on working committees and at open houses, to such feedback mechanisms as reader-

response forms, and toll-free telephone numbers.

Forest Management Practices Forest Practices Code

In September 1992, the ministry released the British Columbia Forest

Resources Commission’s report, Providing the Framework: A Forest

Practices Code, which recommended establishing a comprehensive

provincial code of forest practices. The report identified a number of principles and objectives that have since been adopted by the govern-

ment as part of its commitment to sustainable management practices

on B.C.‘s forest and range lands.

10

THE YEAR AT A GLANCE THE MINISTRY OF FORESTS

300

Comparison of Area Reforested to Area Harvested

50 - Accomplished Projected

0 I I I I 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Sub-committees consolidated hundreds of

rules that guided forest management in the past, and developed rigorous and enforce-

able new standards and regulations. These

will ensure that government, companies

and the public clearly understand the management standards that are expected, and

that penalties for breaching those standards

will be severe. The code is scheduled to be adopted into legislation in 1994.

Coastal Fisheries Forestry Guidelines

The result of 15 years of research on the

Pacific Northwest coast, the Bti.tish Columbia Coastal Fisheries Forestry Guidelines (CFFG)

define four classes of streams, each associated with specific fisheries values, and forest management objectives. They were developed by three

government agencies - the Ministry of Forests, the Ministry of Environment,

Lands and Parks, and the federal Department of Fisheries and Oceans -

in consultation with industry. The guidelines were first released in 1987, with subsequent revisions in 1992.

In early 1992, a review of field applications of the guidelines in selected

sites on Vancouver Island was commissioned from Tripp Biological

Consultants. Released in July 1992, that review indicated a lack of compliance with the CFFG by licensees, and consequent impacts on Quick Facts fish habitat. The offending licensees were ordered by the Minister of Small Business Forest Enterprise

Forests to rehabilitate the damaged streams, and to examine all other Program bid proposal sales cutblocks harvested since 1988. A follow-up audit was also commis- awarded to remanufacturers

sioned for the mainland coast. and specialty producers: 24.

While acknowledging that there was room for improvement, the Tripp

report concluded that the guidelines were effective when they were properly followed.

Biodiversity Guidelines

In December 1992, the ministry released its draft Guidelines to

Maintain Biological Diver-sit) in Coastal Forests. Biodiversity refers to the full range of life in all of its natural forms - including genes,

species and ecosystems - and the ecological processes that link them.

A multi-stakeholder working committee reviewed the guidelines, and

the final version will be submitted to Cabinet for approval, likely

sometime in 1994. Once approved, the guidelines will be incorporated

11

THE MINISTRY OF FORESTS THE YEAR AT A GLANCE

Trade, Finance 8 Insurance

391,000

into the Forest Practices Code, and will apply to all biogeoclimatic zones within provincial forests in coastal British Columbia.

A similar initiative, which began as the Interior Fish/Forestry/Wildlife

Guidelines (IFFWG) in 1991, was underway for the Interior during

1992193. With the development of the coastal biodiversity guidelines, the scope of the IFFWG was expanded to include wildlife management

objectives, biodiversity, and streamside (riparian) management.

Initially, the guidelines were being developed for two pilot areas - the

Central Interior and the Sub-boreal Interior Eco-region - based on B.C. Environment’s Eco-region Classification System.

Both sets of guidelines will likely be incorporated into the Forest

Practices Code as standards or field guides.

Community Watershed Guidelines In late 1992, the ministry recognized the need to develop new guidelines

to safeguard the purity of community watersheds. An inter-agency technical advisory committee was struck. With public and stakeholder

input, draft guidelines were scheduled to be completed late in 1993, and

released for public review. The final version will likely be submitted to

Cabinet for approval sometime in 1994.

British Columbia Employment 1992

Service Industries

564,000

Tronrpoflo+ion & tommunication

127,000 (onstruction

I I1.000 Public Administration

08 000

Mining 8 Metals 30,000

Agriculture, Food & Fish Other 36 000

Direct Manufacturing Employment

Forest industry 84,000

16,000

Forest products totolE6,OOO

Grand totol 1,517,OOO SOURCE swisiics CANADA

Land Use Planning Forest Sector Strategy

In January 1993, the government announced the formation of a

multi-stakeholder Forest Sector

Strategy Committee (FSSC).

The FSSC met regularly with

government representatives, with the objective of developing a

long-term, environmentally sus-

tainable industrial strategy that

will enhance the economic and

social benefits derived from B.C.‘s forests.

The committee examined forest

sector issues such as timber

supply, forest management,

12


industry competitiveness and

investment, worker skills and

training needs, government policies, and market issues.

Timber Supply Review and AAC Determination

The ministry’s three-year timber

supply review (TSR) was ongo-

ing for each of the province’s 36 timber supply areas (TSAs),

which collectively cover more than 85 per cent of the province.

Each review includes an analy-

sis of the short- and long-term timber supply for that TSA, a

socio-economic analysis, and a

public discussion paper. The results are forwarded to the

Seedling Survival Two Years After Planting

90

00

= 70 .Z 2 2

x 60

50

40

province’s chief forester, who considers them - along with the government’s

economic and social objectives - before determining the allowable

annual cut (AAC) for that TSA.

CORE

Established in January 1992, the Commission on Resources and Environment (CORE) is a government initiative in which the Ministry

of Forests has a significant interest.

CORE’s mandate is to develop a comprehensive provincial strategy for

land use planning and management, to help develop and implement regional land use planning processes, and to monitor the operation of

those processes. Through extensive stakeholder consultation, CORE

identifies and makes recommendations to Cabinet on strategies and

land use plans.

The commission met in four regions that have a history of land use

controversy: Vancouver Island, the Cariboo-Chilcotin, East Kootenay, and West Kootenay-Boundary areas. Recommendations on these areas

are expected in 1993 or 1994. CORE was also asked by the government

to make recommendations on the complex resource and environ-

mental issues in the Tatshenshini-Alsek area of northwestern British Columbia.

13


LRMP

Land and Resource Management Planning (LRMP) is a consensus- building process that establishes direction for land use, and specifies

broad resource management objectives and strategies. It is targeted at

land and resource use on Crown land, but can also provide a context

for local government planning.

By the end of the 1992f93 fiscal year, the

LRMP process was underway in 12 sub-

regional areas varying in size from 0.6

million hectares to 8.3 million hectares. These areas lie outside three of the

regions in which the regional planning

process is being coordinated by CORE (Vancouver Island, Cariboo-Chilcotin,

and Kootenay-Boundary). In the future, LRMPs will be prepared for all Crown lands, bringing the provincial total of

planning areas to about 40.

Protected Areas Strategy

In May 1992, the government released the

map-brochure, Towards a Protected Areas Strategy, with the objective of doubling the

amount of protected areas - to 12 per cent

of the provincial land base - by the year 2000. This is consistent with the goal set

by the United Nations’ Brundtland Report,

Our Common Future.

The strategy’s mandate is to protect representative examples of the

natural diversity of the province, as well as natural, cultural heritage,

and recreational features. An important function of the strategy will be to determine which ecosystems are currently protected in sufficient

amounts, and which are underrepresented.

First Nations

In January 1993, following consultations with First Nations and the forest industry, the ministers of Forests and Aboriginal Affairs jointly

announced the formation of the First Nations Forestry Council. Made

up of 12 First Nations representatives, and eight members from the forest industry, the council was formed in response to a recommendation

14


of the Task Force on Native Forestry. The council’s mandate is to seek ways of increasing the involvement of First Nations in all areas of

forestry, including silviculture, planning, protection of culturally

important sites, and tenure.

Biodiversity Strategy British Columbia is the most biologically diverse province in Canada,

and maintaining that biodiversity is an important focus of land- and

water-use decisions. In 1992, the provincial government backed

Canada’s support for the Convention of Biological Diversity tabled at the United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

In 1992193, the government initiated a strategy for the conservation of

biological diversity that will accommodate a network of protected

areas under the Protected Areas Strategy, and will apply management principles to protect biodiversity outside the protected areas. The

strategy will be shaped by current initiatives, missing components,

goals, and actions required to ensure the long-term conservation of the province’s biodiversity.

Old Growth Strategy

In May 1992, the Old Growth Strategy Project released its final report, An Old Growth

Strategy for British Columbia. It proposed con-

serving representative areas of old-growth forests, and developing management practices

that conserve or create old-growth attributes.

The Protected Areas Strategy will oversee the conservation of representative areas of old

growth, while the development and use of

appropriate management practices are under the purview of the various guidelines processes,

and, ultimately, the Forest Practices Code. The

regional and sub-regional planning processes such as CORE and LRMP provide forums for

public discussions on how to best protect the

province’s old-growth forests.

Quick Facts Partial Cutting 0 1992193: 14.3 per cent

1991192: 7.8 per cent

Table C-5

Note: Figures are for

Crown land only.

Progress of Ecological Classification Work in British Columbia

80

% forested areas with ecological maps and field guides

6O t

I 40

t

20

0

1975 1980 1985

During the project’s early stages, 15 critical areas were deferred from

harvesting pending further development of an old-growth strategy. In

15


Coastal Old-growth

120 years old (2.7 mi//ion hoi

Protected old-growth (0.25 million ha]

Accessible for timber harvesting (2 million ho]

Inaccessible for timber harvesting (3 million ho)

-u Forests over 120 yeors old

(5.25 million ha]

British Columbia has a total of 7.95 million hectares of coastal forest. This graphic shows the proportion of productive coostol forest lond with trees older thon 120 years of age. Not all forests in this category possess the required attributes to be considered old-growth forests. DESIGN SO”RCE MNSTRY OF ENVlRONMENT LANDS bN\ND PARKS

August 1992, Cabinet added 14 of

these to the list of study areas under

the Protected Areas Strategy. A further 20 areas were identified as possessing

potentially high old-growth values,

and are being reviewed as possible stuay area candidates.

Soil Conservation Guidelines

Following extensive research over the past few years, the Ministry of

Forests’ Research section completed

soil conservation guidelines to address

the problem of severe soil damage resulting from some harvesting techniques.

After implementing the guidelines, there is evidence in some areas of soil

damage reductions of up to 50 per cent.

Soil conservation training is now a requirement for most foresters and

machine operators.

16

THE MINISTRY OF FORESTS


Legislative authority The mandate of the Forest Service, as stated in Section 4 of the

Ministry of Forests Act, is to:

“(a.) encourage maximum productivity of the forest and range resources in the Province;

(b.) manage, protect and conserve the forest and range resources of the

Crown, having regard to the immediate and long-term economic and social benefits they may confer on the Province;

(c.) plan the use of the forest and range resources of the Crown, so that

the production of timber and forage, the harvesting of timber, grazing

of livestock and the realization of fisheries, wildlife, water, outdoor recreation and other natural resource values are coordinated and inte-

grated, in consultation and cooperation with other ministries and agencies of the Crown and with the private sector;

(d.) encourage a vigorous, efficient and world competitive timber pro-

cessing industry in the Province; and, (e.) assert the financial interest of the Crown in its forest and range

resources in a systematic and equitable manner.”

The main responsibilities and authorities of the Forest Service are

defined in the following provincial legislation:

l Ministry of Forests Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 272 l Forest Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 140

l Range Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 355

The Forest Service also has administrative responsibilities under the: l Foresters Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 141 l Boom Chain Brand Act, Revised Statutes, 1979, Chapter 33

l Forest Stand Management F/And Act, 1986, Chapter 8

Implementing the mandate To implement its mandate, the Forest Service: l grows healthy, productive forests to meet the province’s social and

economic needs

l manages and protects Crown forest land to ensure sustainable development of:

l timber for the forest industry

l forage for the livestock industry

l protection of non-timber values

l requires reforestation of Crown forest lands l provides forest recreation, and manages wilderness values in provincial

forests 17


l collects resource revenues from Crown forest and range resources

through stumpage, royalties, rents and fees l encourages value-added manufacturing

l conducts research in forest renewal, forest productivity and decision

aids, and integrated resource management l protects the province’s forest and range resources from damage by

fire, forest insects and diseases

l maintains a current and accurate inventory of forest and range values l works with First Nations and industry to increase the involvement

of aboriginal peoples in the forest sector

l consults with First Nations to ensure that aboriginal rights are not infringed by forest management activities

l communicates the Forest Service’s mandate, goals and organizational

structure to various audiences

l ensures the best balance of all resource values through integrated

resource management

Integrated resource management is a process that: . identifies and considers all resource values

l assigns resource use and management emphasis based on an evaluation

of land and resource management options developed from biophysical, social and economic factors l is guided by the principles of sustainability, and resource stewardship

l produces a picture of resource uses and priorities for large areas

l selects the best uses for the present, and schedules resource use

changes over time

To achieve integrated resource management, the Forest Service:

l considers social, economic and environmental factors

l ensures consistency in resource management between government agencies, by working cooperatively to deliver integrated resource

management programs l works closely with the public to define land and resource-use priorities

Guiding principles As stewards of the province’s forest and range resources, the Forest

Service follows these principles:

l We earn and maintain public trust and confidence through sound program and fiscal management.

l We strive for the wise, balanced use and protection of all forest

resources. l Our employees are our most important asset.

l Employees are:

l trusted and respected

18


l empowered and supported

l recognized and consulted

l trained and developed. l Our actions and decisions contribute to an equitable, safe, healthy

and satisfying work environment.

l We work together as a team within and between our functional and geographical boundaries, while respecting each other’s roles.

l We encourage initiative, take risks, learn from our mistakes, and

build on our successes.

l We communicate in an appropriate, open, honest and timely manner.

l Our actions match our words: we accept personal accountability for demonstrating integrity.

l We are open and responsive to changing values and concerns.

l We consult with and inform clients. l We provide high-quality service.

Reports In accordance with the Ministry of Forests Act requirements, the

Forest Service prepares: l a lo-year resource analysis describing the conditions, management

and future uses of the forest and range resources, which is used in set-

ting informed overall priorities and long-term objectives l a five-year program, updated annually, that sets the schedules,

methods and priorities for forest and range resource management and

improvements

l an annual report that reviews the use and management of resources, the effects of the ministry’s programs, and the ministry’s annual per-

formance with respect to the five-year program

The ministry’s structure The ministry is structured to:

l effectively manage the resom-ces l decentralize decision-making to ensure efficient and highly respon-

sive service to ministry clients

l emphasize integrated resource management, and forest product development and marketing

l establish clear line-staff relationships

l ensure the accountability of managers

l achieve excellence through a commitment to employees l provide an audit approach to management

19


0 BRANCHES

THE MINISTRY OF FORESTS 1992/93

+ REGfONS I I I VANCOUVER PRINCE RUPERT PRINCE GEORGE

FOREST REGION FOREST REGION FOREST REGION


I MINISTER OF FORESTS I

I I EXECUTIVE COORDINATOR

INTEGRATED

SILVICULTURE

INVENTORY EXECUTIVE BRANCH COORDINATOR

RANGE BRANCH

RECREATION BRANCH

H I AUDIT SERVICES BRANCH

I ’ I

4 I INFORMATION SYSTEMS BRANCH

KAMLODPS FOREST REGION

I

NELSON FOREST REGION FOREST REGION

I I

2 :


Headquarters: general organization The ministry has three divisions:

* Operations

G Forestry

G Management Services

Each division is headed by an assistant deputy minister. These three officials, together with the deputy minister as the chair, make up the

ministry’s executive.

Branches are organized within divisions, with the exception of the

following three, headed by directors, who report directly to the deputy minister:

+ Public Affairs

0 Economics and Trade

+ Corporate Policy and Planning

Headquarters: divisions organization + Operations Division

Operations is the largest division in the ministry. It includes the

Protection, Valuation, and Timber Harvesting branches - the last two of which report through an executive director of Timber Admini-

stration - and six regional and 43 district offices.

Operations is the only division with regional and district responsibilities.

e Forestry Division

The Forestry Division ensures that all Crown forest lands are managed to provide the greatest long-term benefits for British Columbians.

The assistant deputy minister, who is also the chief forester, determines the allowable annual cuts for timber supply areas and tree farm

licences.

This division has six branches, each headed by a director:

+ Integrated Resources + Silviculture

0 Inventory

0 Recreation

0 Range 0 Research

G Management Services Division

Management Services provides professional corporate staff advice and administrative services.

22


Five branch directors, and the manager of the Freedom of Information

and Privacy Section, report .to the assistant deputy minister, who is

also the ministry’s executive financial officer.

The branches are:

0 Financial Services

0 Technical and Administrative Services 0 Human Resources

0 Audit Services

0 Information Systems

Q Regions: general organization For administrative purposes, the province is divided into six forest

regions, each with a regional manager. The forest regions are subdivided

into forest districts, as shown in the organizational chart following.

All forest regions and districts come under the authority of the Operations Division.

Regional staff managers provide advice and services to each regional manager, and to the various district managers, who report to the

regional manager. (For detailed district information, refer to the organiza-

tional chart on page 25.)

Regional office personnel are responsible for servicing, coordinating

and monitoring the activities of all field personnel operating out of

district offices.

Regional of&e staff develop regional programs and plans, and ensure

that all policies, programs and procedures originating from ministry headquarters are administered consistently and effectively throughout

the region.

23


Regional organization

REGIONAL MANAGER

d FOREST DISTRICT MANAGERS ( 1 E lATN;;r

RANGE REGIONAL STAFF MANAGER

Timber & Range Resources RECREATION

FINANCE

- TECHNICAL/ADMINISTRATION SERVICES REGIONAL STAFF MANAGER

Management Services “UMAN RESOURCES

SYSTEMS

I I I

I I I I I

SILVICULTURE

REGIONAL STAFF MANAGER PROTECTION

Forestry

FOREST SCIENCES

PLANNING REGIONAL STAFF MANAGER

Integrated Resource Management INVENTORY

13: Districts: general organization The province is divided into 43 districts, each administered from its

own office by a forest district manager. Some districts also administer

field offices.

Depending on the necessity for specific programs, three or four staff

managers provide advice and services to each forest district manager.

The organization of a forest district office is shown in the following organizational chart.

24


District organization

OFFICE SERVICES

MANAGER

Finance & Admlnistration

FINANCE

RESOURCE SERVICES

TECHNICAL SERVICES

SYSTEMS SERVICES

OPERATIONS MANAGER

Forestry RECREATION

RANGE

PROTECTION

TIMBER OPERATIONS MANAGER

Harvesting ENGINEERING

INTEGRATED RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

(PIarmIng 8 Inventory)

25

PROGRAM REPORTS

PROGRAM REPORTS

PROGRAM REPORTS

Introduction This section of the annual report contains the Ministry of Forests’

program and sub-program reports. To ease comparative reading, these

reports follow the order of the government’s Estimates for the 1992193 fiscal year, which were:

l Vote 41 Minister’s Office (no program reports)

l Vote 42 Ministry Operations

l Vote 43 Fire Suppression Program l Vote 44 Forest Resources Commission

l Statutory special accounts for:

Forest Stand Management Fund (no program reports) Small Business Forest Enterprise Program South Moresby Implementation

As shown in the table opposite, the 1992193 ministry programs are

reported in the order of their funding votes.

Special Accounts l Forest Stand Management Fund: this account was originally estab-

lished as a fund by the Forest Stand Management Fund Act in 1986,

and was changed to a special account under the Special Accounts Appropriation & Control Act, 1988. Revenue is provided by contribu-

tions from municipalities, the forest industry, forest sector unions, and

others. Expenditures provide for enhanced management of British Columbia’s forest and range lands, and for related projects. No financing

transactions are provided for under this special account. In 1992193,

$100,000 was allocated.

l Small Business Forest Enterprise Program: this program, funded by

a special account, was established by an amendment to the Forest Act in 1988. In 1992/93, $91.2 million was allocated (page 73). Actual

expenditures were $76.9 million. (Table L-l)

l South Moresby Implementation (replacement and compensation): this account was established by the South Moresby Implementation

Account Act in 1988 (page 76). In 1992193, $2.5 million was allocated.

Actual expenditures were $2.3 million. (Table M-l)

28

PROGRAM REPORTS

Vote ~ Title Program(s) Sub-program(s) Page L-i 41 Minister’s Office none none 86

I

42 ’ Ministry Operations Management Services none 30

Harvesting i Timber Harvesting I 33

Valuation 33

Engineering 34 (

Research

~ Integrated Resource Management

Inventory

Silviculture

~ none

Range Management

~ Recreation Management

~ Corporate Policy and Planning

Economics and Trade

none

Provincial Silviculture

I Canada - B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest I Resource Development I

I (FRDA II) ( 58

43 ~ Fire Suppression Direct Fire Fighting none i 68 I

44

I I Fire Preparedness none 70

I Forest Resources I

Commission none none ~ 95

29

PROGRAM REPORTS

MANAGEMENT SERVICES

Expenditures 9 1992/93: $116.4 million

1991/92: $118.4 million

Tables B-l, B-2

Forecast: $108.2 million Table 2

Note: Major expenditures

in 1992193 included: $30.8 million for

building occupancy

costs, vehicle leasehold costs, and other

technical and

administrative costs;

$46.1 million

for forest operations division.

Program Staff in this program promote and direct the effective and efficient

delivery of management services for the ministry’s resource programs, and ensure that statutory requirements are met. The program also

funds grants to various forestry agencies.

Program goals are to:

l effectively manage the ministry’s human, financial, information and

physical resources by providing direction, and by coordinating the ministry’s management services (see below)

l provide management services support for all resource programs

delivered through ministry offrices province -wide 9 facilitate application of government management policies and practices

in the field l fund grants to foster forestry research, and the promotion of prudent forest management

In meeting their objectives, Management Services staff serve the needs

of the public, other ministry personnel, the provincial government’s

central agencies, the forest and ranching industries, and agencies involved in forestry research and the promotion of forest management.

Management services staff work in: l financial services, to provide financial planning, budgeting, policies,

systems, and reporting consistent with the requirements of the

Financial Administration Act l information systems, to use information technology to manage the

organization, keep records, process transactions, meet information

needs, and facilitate forest management

l human resources, to provide staff services through planning and

development, recruitment and selection, training, occupational health and safety, labor relations, and employment equity initiatives that are

consistent with the Public Service Act, the Public Service Labour

Relations Act, and the Workers’ Compensation Act l technical and administrative services, to provide a comprehensive range

of technical and specialized administrative services for the effective

management of the ministry’s facilities, vehicles, equipment, assets, radio communication systems, and administrative functions

l audit services, to independently examine all ministry programs and

activities, and to recommend improvements, as well as to advise on

management and administrative practices

30

MANAGEMENT SERVICES PROGRAM REPORTS

l the information and privacy section, to promote the ministry’s com-

mitment to implementing the Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act through training, and to maintain that commitment by

delivering advice and assistance to clients, and by coordinating formal

requests for information

Public Affairs staff coordinate the communication of information on the ministry’s mandate, goals, organization, policies, programs, products,

services and achievements to:

l staff l the public, including:

l organized groups and associations

l the news media l the forest industry

l other government agencies

. universities, colleges and schools

1992/93 Progress During 1992193, work continued to:

l promote employment equity, by participation in the Public Service

pay equity project l ensure that skilled staff are available, by implementing the Scientific

and Technical Officer Classifications Plan, and through the design of a

training program for supervisors and managers l increase the audit coverage of ministry activities, by conducting

more scheduled audits in accordance with an audit plan l install distributed data centres in all of the ministry’s district and

regional offices

l simplify the integration and improve the productivity of financial

management policies, systems, and processes l provide legal, financial, and technical advice to ministry officials

Other program staff accomplishments included:

l providing management services support for the operation of six regional and 43 district offices responsible for the delivery of all ministry programs

l extending grants to:

l the Festival of Forest Society l the B.C. Forest Museum

l the Debris Control Board

1 Quick Facts Weekly phone requests for

information handled in 1992193

by Public Affairs Branch: 550. Written and personal requests

processed by the branch during

the year: 1,200.

Quick Facts Reference questions handled in

1992193 by the ministry library:

8,532. Items circulated: 6,428. Database searches done: 246.

Reprints distributed: 2,703.

31

PROGRAM REPORTS MANAGEMENT SERVICES

c

Quick Facts Ministry divisions: 3

Forest regions: 6

Forest districts: 43 Ministry employees: 4,248

full-time equivalents

Table 2

l replacing or upgrading inadequate office/warehouse facilities, by

completing major construction projects in Horsefly, 100 Mile House, Merritt, Queen Charlotte City, Squamish, and Terrace

Forecasts Significant investments have been made to improve the ministry’s

revenue collection policies and systems. To realize the benefits of those

investments, the ministry now moves from developing to implementing the initiatives.

In 1992/93 the ministry renewed its commitment to recruit and train

highly qualified staff.

32

PROGRAM REPORTS

HARVESTING

Program This program’s main goal is to make timber available to the forest

industry at approved rates of Yharvest. The program staff work to meet

the requirements of sustainable development, as well as the government’s management objectives for other resource and land-use values.

To serve their clients and accomplish their goals, the program staff

l enter into timber harvesting licences and agreements with the forest

industry l issue cutting authorities

l price timber, and bill for Crown charges l monitor timber harvesting operations

l monitor timber transport and timber measurement (scaling)

l engineer, build and maintain forest roads and bridges

l acquire property for forest management purposes

1992/93 Progress Timber harvesting licences and agreements

In 1992193, approximately 3,055 timber harvesting licences and agree-

ments were in place, including 1,413 issued under the Small Business

Forest Enterprise Program. (Tab/e C-7)

The volume of all products billed on all Crown lands was 72.2 million

cubic metres, compared to 68.6 million cubic metres in 1991/92. (Tab/e C-3)

The volume of all products billed on all tenures where harvest rates

are regulated (which excludes timber licences, licences-to-cut, and rights-of-way), was 69.4 million cubic metres, up from 66.1 million

cubic metres in 1991/92. This compares with an allowable annual cut

for these tenures, as of March 31, 1993, of 71.3 million cubic metres.

Issuing cutting authorities

Although a forest company might hold a timber harvesting licence or

agreement, harvesting cannot proceed until a series of harvesting

plans that accommodate resources other than timber are approved, and until cutting authority is received from the ministry.

Approximately 1,500 new cutting authorities were issued in 1992193

(excluding those issued under the Small Business Forest Enterprise

Program). This was a drop of about 500 from 1991192.

REPORTING FUNCTION

(Pages 20 & 21)

Quick Facts Land owned by the Crown in

British Columbia: 95 per cent. Public lands that must be refor-

ested after harvesting, by law:

100 per cent. More area has been planted than harvested

each year since: 1986.

Expenditures 9 1992193: $58.4 million

1991/92: $65.8 million Tab/e C-l

Forecast: $56.4 million

Table 2

33

PROGRAM REPORTS HARVESTING

Quick Facts Allowable annual cut as of

March 31,1993 on lands regulated

by the ministry, in cubic metres: 71.3 million. Harvested from

those lands: 69.4 million.

Revenues 1 1992193:

1991192:

Notes:

$711.2 million (including stumpage

and royalty)

$607.9 million Tab/e 1

Stumpage and royalty

charges of $497.4

million exclude the Small Business

Forest Enterprise

Program. Administered

stumpage charges for

major licences averaged $9.22 per

cubic metre, up from

$7.47 per cubic

metre in 1991/92. Table C-2

The ministry also issues timber marks that authorize the removal of

timber from private land. During 1992/93, 3,200 timber marks were issued, and 6.4 million cubic metres of timber were harvested from

private land.

Pricing timber and billing for Crown charges

All timber harvested from Crown land is subject to a royalty or to stumpage charges at the time of harvest.

Approximately 8 per cent of the annual harvest is subject to royalty rates, which are set by regulation. The price for the majority of Crown

timber is subject to stumpage rates, most of which are determined by

formulas based on site-specific timber values.

Timber harvested from Crown land and private land is scaled, and this

information is recorded on scale returns. Scale volumes, applicable stumpage charges, and other prices are used to calculate Crown forest revenue, and to produce scale and royalty invoices. More than 92,000 invoices were prepared in 1992193, representing an increase of 13,000

over 1991J92.

In 1992193, stumpage and royalty charges accounted for $497.4 million

(excluding the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program), or 69.9 per cent of the Harvesting Program’s total revenues. This was a slight

drop from 71.7 per cent in 1991/92, which represented $435.9 million

of the total program revenues of $607.9 million. (Tab/e 1)

Monitoring timber harvesting operations

All timber harvesting operations conducted under cutting authorities

are monitored by program staff to ensure compliance with the terms and conditions under which harvesting was approved. During 1992193,

ministry staff carried out approximately 24,000 field inspections of harvesting operations on Crown land. (Table C-12)

Monitoring timber transportation and scaling

Ministry staff monitor timber transportation from cutblocks to more than 800 approved scale sites, to ensure that all harvested timber is

scaled. Ministry check scalers monitor timber scaling to ensure that all

harvested timber is accurately scaled. There were more than 9,200 check scales in 1992 /93.

Engineering

Forest Service roads serve the public, the forest industry, small business,

tourism and other interests by providing access to provincial forest

and range lands. They are major public assets.

34

HARVESTING PROGRAM REPORTS

(Table C-10)

l increased the number of bridges and major culverts - an integral

part of the ministry’s road network - to 3,691, up from 3,559 in 1991/92 (Table C-11)

Engineering expenditures in 1992193 were $29.4 million, down from

$33.8 million the year before. (78bles C-9, C-IO, C-11)

Responding to the needs of these groups in 1992 193, engineering staff: l constructed 696.9 kilometres of new Forest Service roads, to increase

the provincial total to 37,280 kilometres (Table C-9)

9 improved, upgraded and maintained 8,297 kilometres of roads Quick Facts Field inspections by district

staff of harvesting operations in 1992193: 24,000.

Table C-12

Acquiring property for forest management purposes

The ministry acquires property for Forest Service road rights-of-way and other purposes. During 1992193, rights-of-way were acquired for 37

Forest Service road projects, a.t a cost of $671,066, involving 52 private

properties.

Forecasts Harvest volumes for the 1993/94

fiscal year are expected to be some-

what higher than those of 1992193,

due to better markets for lumber.

Program staff will construct approximately 1,000 kilometres of new

Forest Service roads, and replace or

build about 200 bridges and major culverts.

The ministry’s audit program will

be strengthened to ensure that field performance is in compliance with

operating standards.

Revenues for 1993194 are budgeted at $913 million.

35

PROGRAM REPORTS

RESEARCH

Program

REPORTING FUNCTION

Under this program, ministry staff provide technical advice and scien-

tific knowledge to help guide forestry policy, resolve forestry issues, and create a sound ecological basis for resource management.

(Pages 20 & 21)


1991/92: $17.8 million

Tables D-i, O-2

Forecast: $18.8 million Note: 1992193 includes

$4.2 million spent

on regional forest

sciences.

Research staff focus on applied research in environmental and biologi-

cal sciences, and on communicating results to clients - including the

public, the forest resources sector, and other government departments. Cooperative projects with other research agencies throughout the

province were ongoing through 1992193.

The program includes silviculture research for forest renewal and tim-

ber production, as well as research on sustainable and integrated

resource management. The latter is a study of ecosystems, and the effects of resource management practices on the soil, water and

wildlife resources. It also includes developing ways to better integrate

human activities with ecological processes and wildlife species.

1992 /93 Progress Silviculture research

During 1992193, research staff

l completed a strategic analysis of the hardwood resource in the province l developed a new temperature gradient plate design that will

improve precision for testing seed germination

l developed a method to ‘fingerprint’ the male parent of tree seeds, in order to compare DNA molecules, to examine genetic diversity in seed

orchards and in the wild

l collected and tested native black cottonwood and red alder from a number of locations to ascertain genetic variation, and to determine

how genetic variation is expressed in different environments

l began a new field study to determine the effects of forest practices on long-term productivity in mixed stands of birch and Douglas-fir

l developed a provincial gene conservation strategy for trees l advanced research linking root form and function to soil compaction

l developed spruce leader-weevil resistant material as a part of the

Integrated Pest Management Program for Interior spruce

Sustainable and integrated resource management research

During 1992/93, research staff

l assessed gaps in ecosystems represented in protected areas on

36

RESEARCH PROGRAM REPORTS

Vancouver Island, to support the province’s Protected Areas Strategy

l began new long-term field studies on how different silvicultural systems

(alternatives to clearcutting) affect productivity, biodiversity, stand dynamics, and snow hydrology

l established new soil conservation research projects, including a study

to quantify impacts of heavy equipment on forest soil aeration, and a large-scale productivity study within the Sub-boreal Spruce Zone

l began new research to link sediment sources and movement with

forest practices and water quality (cleanness) of streams l began new research on the relationship between the physical charac-

teristics of streams, and optimal conditions for spawning salmon and

egg survival l established the West Arm Demonstration Forest

to test, on an operational scale, new and innovative

methods to manage all forest resources l completed the Khutzeymateen Valley grizzly

bear study

Research extension Communicating technical information about

ecosystems and resource management to clients

begins with the individual researchers. All ministry research scientists are available for client consulta-

tion and professional advice.

In addition, researchers and extension specialists

develop field guides, resource materials, and train-

ing courses, and they participate in school and continuing education programs throughout the

province.

During 1992/93, staff also: l published Plants of Northern British Columbia, a guide to the common

plants of the northern Interior

l produced 13 mini-eco lessons, on biodiversity and ecosystems, that were aired on the Knowledge Network’s children’s show, KIDZONE

l designed and delivered introductory workshops for resource managers

on forest management and biodiversity l developed the new training course, “Management of Landslide-prone

Terrain”

l revised and expanded the ecosystem classification field guide for the

Nelson Forest Region

1 Quick Facts Canada - B.C. Partnership

Agreement on Forest Resource

Development (FRDA II) expenditures in 1992193:

$23.2 million. Table G-2

37

PROGRAM REPORTS RESEARCH

IQ uick Facts Forest Renewal Plan expenditures

1992193: $6.2 million

1991/92: $6.1 million Table D-l

Quick Facts Total Research Program expenditures in 1992193:

$19.2 million. Tables D-l, D-2

Total silviculture expenditures

under all ministry funded

programs: $226.8 million.

Table G-l*

l successfully transferred blackout curtain technology - for producing ‘hard to grow’ tree species in the north - to commercial greenhouses

l made introductory presentations about tree genetics to local silvicul-

ture committees, districts and regions

Technical and administration support

Technical and administrative support for Research Program scientists

was provided by a staff of specialists, including secretarial staff, tech- nicians, computer specialists, statisticians, analytical laboratory staff,

graphic designers, editors and administrators.

Results With more scientific knowledge to guide seed, nursery and plantation

operations, the effectiveness of reforestation has been increased. A better understanding of crop tree responses to silviculture practices has improved forest growth and yield predictions for planning.

Better integrated resource management resulted from practical solu-

tions to resource management conflicts, provided by research into sus-

taining and integrating resources.

Forecasts More than ever, a strong commitment to research - and its effective

application to resource management - is of enormous importance in

the stewardship of B.C.‘s forests. Research and extension ventures will continue to require collaboration with other research agencies.

Research staff will continue to emphasize the basic and applied

research of ecosystems, and their responses to human activities, in

conjunction with studies of integrated resource management. Applying

sound reforestation and stand management practices to ensure a future wood supply also remains an important focus of this program.

38

RESEARCH PROGRAM REPORTS

INTEGRATED RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Program The Integrated Resource Management Program encompasses five

sub-programs, each with its own mandate: l Resource Planning

l Range Management

l Recreation Management l Corporate Policy and Planning

9 Economics and Trade

Together, these sub-programs manage range and recreation resources,

integrate their management with timber production and provincial

resources, coordinate the forest planning process, coordinate and develop

the ministry’s corporate planning and policy development, and employ economic analysis to assess and develop forest management policies.

Under the main program, mimstry staff l ensure sound stewardship of forests and range lands

l prepare integrated resource plans

l analyze the resource production capabilities of forest and range

lands, including detailed analysis of timber harvesting schedules, on which the chief forester determines the allowable annual cuts

l set forest practices standards, in order to achieve integrated resource

management objectives

l communicate objectives and management priorities to resource agencies, the forest and ranching industries, the outdoor recreation

community, and the public l administer range tenures for forage (use by livestock), and negotiate

a fair price for Crown forage

l protect recreation resources on forest and range lands, including landscape aesthetics and wild.erness

l manage and regulate public recreation use throughout public forest lands l provide recreation sites, interpretive forest sites, and recreation

trails throughout the province for public use

l coordinate the ministry’s corporate planning, legislative activity, and

policy development l address aboriginal land clai.ms

. promote aboriginal involvement in the forest sector

l foster the development and economic health of the province’s forests

and its forest industry, and manage forest-related trade matters l analyze the economics of a broad range of forest resource matters

The activities of each sub-program are reported separately.

REPORTING FUNCTION

Expenditures 0 1992193: $33.1 million 1991/92: $23.2 million

Table E-l Forecast: $29.5 million

Table 2

39

PROGRAM REPORTS

RESOURCE PLANNING

Expenditures f~ 1992/93: $11.6 million

1991/92: $8.9 million Table E-l


Note: Administrative

expenses have been

prorated among the Range, Recreation,

and Resource

Planning sub-programs.

Sub-program Resource Planning is one of the five sub-programs under Integrated

Resource Management. Staff in this program provide resource management plans and standards to meet the diverse needs of the public, the

resource and tourist industries, and other agencies.

Planning processes promote cooperation and communication among

clients, and offer a way to balance conflicting demands for a variety of

resources. Well planned integrated resource management allows clients to meet their needs to the greatest extent possible, while supporting the

environmental, social and economic goals of the provincial government.

Activities under Resource Planning can be very controversial because

of the diversity of interest in the management of forest and range lands. Program staff continue to emphasize technically sound planning

processes that are open to public participation, in order to reach decisions

that are accepted by a majority of citizens.

A major component of the program is the Timber Supply Review, a

three-year review of the timber supplies in B.C.‘s 36 timber supply areas. The review will ensure that allowable annual cuts include the

combined implications of integrated resource management policy and practices, as well as current information on timber supplies. The

review will also provide benchmark information for determining future

directions in forest management.

Another major component of the program is the development of the

Forest Practices Code, which will establish minimum standards, and standardize forest practices throughout the province.

1992 193 Progress During this fiscal year, Resource Planning staff: . expanded timber supply analysis of B.C.‘s timber supply areas, as

part of the three-year Timber Supply Review. Staff advanced the

development of analytical processes and Timber Supply Review procedures, completed and released the first analysis (Kalum North), initiated

10 other timber supply analyses for timber supply areas, and reviewed 15

tree farm licence timber supply analyses.

l began work on the Forest Practices Code, a major undertaking that will lead to the release of a public discussion paper in 1993/94

l continued to develop the Coastal Biodiversity Guidelines, and the pilot Interior Fish/Forestry/Wildlife Guidelines

40

RESOURCE PLANNING PROGRAM REPORTS

l developed the principles and processes for sub-regional Land and Resource Management Planmn,g, in cooperation with 10 other ministries

and the Commission on Resources and Environment (CORE)

l provided technical and policy support as part of the planning processes for three regional, nine sub-regional, and numerous local resource

areas. Staff also established standards and guidelines for activities on

forest lands, to ensure sound resource stewardship, and to achieve management plan objectives.

Forecasts In the 1993/94 fiscal year, Resource Planning staff will:

l complete timber supply analyses for half of B.C.‘s 36 timber supply

areas, and review 15 tree farm licence timber supply analyses l prepare and release a discussion paper on three timber supply areas,

to solicit public input on possible allowable annual cut decisions that

will follow the Timber Supply Review . release the Forest Practices Code for public comment, leading to leg-

islation and implementation

l complete the Coastal Biodilrersity Guidelines, and the pilot Interior Fish/Forestry/Wildlife Guidel-ines

l develop the Community Watershed Guidelines

l promote efficient, effective land and resource management planning through communication and training

l formulate a new policy for total resource planning, to guide long-term

integrated resource management at the local level

l revise the ministry’s planning framework to ensure consistency with

the emerging provincial land use strategy l complete the development of principles and processes for sub-regional Land and Resource Managem’ent Planning

l continue support for three regional plans, increase the number of

sub-regional plans to 12, and maintain support for numerous local plans

Quick Facts Number of British Columbians

directly employed in the forest

industry in 1992: 86,000. In trade, finance and insurance:

391,000. In other manufacturing:

84,000. In service industries: 564,000. (STATISTICS CANADA)

Quick Facts Commercial operations on forest and range lands are presently

regulated by:

l federal statutes: 6

l provincial statutes: 20

l regulations: 700 l guidelines: 3,000+

41

PROGRAM REPORTS

RANGE MANAGEMENT

REPORTING FUNCTION

Expenditures C) 1992/93: $6.6 million

1991192: $6.4 million Tab/e E-l

Forecast: $5.7 million Note: Administrative

expenses have been

prorated among the

Range, Recreation, and

Resource Planning sub -programs.

Quick Facts Permits and licences administered by Range Management for

livestock grazing in 1992/93:

2,060. In 1991/92: 2,048. Table F-3

J

Sub-program Staff of this sub-program, which is funded under Integrated Resource

Management, work to protect and conserve Crown range ecosystems while meeting the needs of livestock, wildlife, and other resources.

Program staff use cost-effective treatments to enhance forage produc-

tion and quality for the ranching industry, and wildlife, and, indirectly, for the tourism industry and the public. Beef cattle producers, guide

outfitters and other commercial users harvest approximately 1 million

animal unit months of grazing each year. Forage is also supplied for numerous wildlife species.

1992/93Progress In serving their clients during 1992193, program staff l administered 2,060 permits and licences for grazing (Table F-3), and

123 permits and licences for hay cutting (Table F-4)

l authorized livestock, grazing and hay-cutting permits and licences

for a total of 986,952 animal unit months (Tables F-3, F-4)

l continued research on and released agents for the biological control

of knapweed and other noxious weeds

l worked with other ministries and the public to provide vital biological control and containment programs

l completed a program strategic plan, and began reviewing range leg-

islation

l expanded funding for resource enhancements such as forage seeding,

water supply development, and weed control to protect range health, maintain efficient resource use and availability, and mitigate resource use

conflict

Forecasts The program staffs direction in the coming year will be consistent with the ministry’s five-year plan, but greater emphasis will likely be

placed on resource monitoring, tenure inspections, and grazing manage-

ment plans.

42

PROGRAM REPORTS

RECREATION MANAGEMENT

Sub-program Recreation Management is one of five sub-programs funded under

Integrated Resource Management. This program is designed to protect

and manage recreation resources, including scenic landscapes and wilderness, and to maintain opportunities for public outdoor recreation

throughout B.C.‘s public forest lands. These lands include all provin-

cial forest lands, and all other provincial Crown lands outside of parks and settled areas, such as nonmunicipal and rural settlements.

REPORTING FUNCTION

Recreation Management staff serve their clients and implement the

goals of the program through three major program areas: recreation,

visual landscape, and wilderness management.

1992/93 Progress Recreation management

By managing recreation facilities and road and trail access throughout

the province’s public forest lands in 1992193, program staff provided

the public with a wide array of recreation opportunities. An estimated 40+ million residents visited B.C.‘s public forest lands this year (two-

thirds in roaded areas, and one-third in roadless areas).

There were more than 2 million visits at forest recre-

ation facilities this year, which represents a 50 per

cent increase in facility use over the last decade. This growth can be attributed to a major upswing in tourism, an increase in population, and better information

about forest recreation opportunities. Staff in this program area managed more than 1,300 recreation

sites, 78 interpretive forest sites, 541 recreation trails, and five heritage trails.

Significant legislative amendments were made to the

Forest Act to improve the ministry’s ability to protect

recreation resources, and to manage recreation use on B.C.‘s public forest lands. These amendments

addressed more than a decade of public demand for better management of the forest’s recreation

resources. Regional and district managers can now

regulate public recreation on an area-specific basis

provincial forests. To enforce the amended legislation,

now have the authority to stop any person, vehicle or

request identification.

anywhere in

forest officers vessel, and to

43

PROGRAM REPORTS RECREATION MANAGEMENT

Quick Facts Roadless backcountry areas in provincial forests, in hectares:

49 million. Designated wilderness areas in provincial forests, in

hectares: 130,000.

Expenditures C) 1992/93: $8.1 million

1991/92: $7.9 million Table E-l


Note: Administrative

expenses have been

prorated among the Range, Recreation,

and Resource

Planningsub-programs.

Interpretive forest sites, which are outdoor classrooms for the discussion

of forest resources and management, are now legally recognized for the

first time.

During this fiscal year, Recreation Management staff:

l provided rustic, free-of-charge recreational facilities, in keeping with the Forest Service’s role in outdoor recreation

l distributed approximately 200,000 copies of forest district recreation

maps to the public, and provided other extension services l reviewed about 4,500 plans as part of the ministry’s integrated

resource management planning process (reviewed by district, regional

and headquarters recreation staff? l participated in the Forest Practices Code initiative

l provided technical information to B.C.‘s Commission on Resources

and Environment (CORE)

l continued to develop policy and management guidelines for cave and karst resources l updated approximately 10 per cent of the ministry’s forest recreation

inventory (biophysical, cultural and historical resources) l completed a study of enforcement methods and practices used by

recreation managers in other jurisdictions

l conducted the first-ever public review of the Recreation Program, in order to evaluate the program’s mandate, goals, objectives and standards,

and to identify key program issues

Visual landscape management

During 1992193, program staff identified and assessed visual values in visually sensitive areas throughout provincial forests as part of the

ministry’s integrated resource management planning and forest

practices.

One of the main goals for staff in this area was to assist forest managers

in achieving publicly acceptable visual landscape quality on B.C.‘s

public forest lands.

In addition, program staff:

l completed a first-ever study to assess public perceptions of visually

effective green-up

l reviewed more than 500 visual simulations prepared by licensees to portray impacts of proposed harvesting

l began a study to test public response to partial cutting methods used

to achieve visual quality objectives

. opened discussions with the British Forestry Commission to collabo-

rate on a visual landscape design project

44

RECREATION MANAGEMENT PROGRAM REPORTS

l continued development of provincial and regional visual landscape

management guidelines and visual landscape management operating

procedures

Wilderness management

In 1992193, program staff protected and man-

aged wilderness in provincial forests.

Staff also provided wilderness recreation

opportunities to the public, in four designated

wilderness areas covering a total area of 130,000 hectares, and on more than 49 million

hectares of roadless areas (or about half of

B.C.‘s public forest lands). An estimated one- third of all public recreation use in provincial

forests - or more than 13 million visits - took

place on these lands this year by residents.

In addition, program staff: l contributed to the government’s Protected Areas

Strategy, in cooperation with the Ministry of

Environment, Lands and Parks, and other

ministries 9 coordinated an inter-agency wilderness study

for the Tatshenshini-Alsek region that provided

information for a review of this iarea by CORE l began adapting the USFS Limits of

Acceptable Change system to the wilderness planning process currently underway for the Swan Lake Wilderness Area

l continued work on a management plan for the 68,000-hectare Height-of-the-Rockies Wilderness Area

l started an inter-agency survey to determine how residents use and

value B.C.‘s wilderness

Forecasts Increasing population and changing public values will lead to:

l more competition among recreation users (e.g., between motorized and non-motorized users)

l the need for more formal mechanisms in allocating limited recreation

resources (e.g., between commercial and non-commercial recreation users) l a greater impact on the environment by forest recreation users

l a reduction in the quality of‘some recreation experiences

Quick Facts Estimated number of residents

who visited B.C.‘s public forest lands in 1992/93: 40+ million.

In roaded areas: 27 million. In roadless areas: 13 million.

45

PROGRAM REPORTS RECREATION MANAGEMENT

Quick Facts In 1992/93 the Recreation

Program provided recreation

opportunities at:

1,361 recreation sites 78 forest interpretive sites

541 recreation trails

5 heritage trails J

8 the need for coordinated recreation strategies that address these issues

Limited government resources will lead to:

l increased pressure for user fees l increased reliance on volunteers

l a greater need to develop new funding mechanisms (e.g., partner-

ships, special funds, foundations and trusts)

Recreation use of the province’s public forest lands will become

increasingly regulated. However, the degree of that regulation can be reduced if more emphasis is placed on informing and educating the

public about forest etiquette and recreation practices.

46

PROGRAM REPORTS

CORPORATE POLICY AND PLANNING

Sub-program Corporate Policy and Planning is one of five sub-programs funded under

Integrated Resource Management. Serving primarily the ministry’s

executive and senior managers, program staff coordinate and develop:

l ministry corporate planning and policy l initiatives to help the govern:ment resolve aboriginal land claims

l activities to promote aboriginal involvement in the forest sector

l policy analysis, and consultation processes to respond to current and emerging issues

l a ministry legislation program

l contributions to inter-ministry policy and planning initiatives

1992/93 Progress During 1992193, Corporate Policy and Planning staff:

l provided support to the government’s treaty negotiations with the

Nisga’a First Nation, and with the McLeod Lake Indian Band

l participated in the government’s negotiations on Meares Island l developed policy for treaty negotiation issues

l established the First Nations Forestry Council

l negotiated Cooperative Management Agreements with First Nations l provided support for field staff in addressing aboriginal concerns

l prepared and coordinated amendments to the Range Act and the

Forest Act, to provide interim protection of study areas, and to improve the ministry’s ability to protect the recreation resource and to manage recreation use in provincial forests l prepared the FiveYear Forest and Range Resource Program, 1992 - 1997

REPORTING FUNCTION

(Pages 20 & 21)


(under Integrated

Resource

Management) 1991/92: $0.7 million

(under Harvesting)

Table E-l Forecast: $1.2 million

47

PROGRAM REPORTS

ECONOMICS AND TRADE

Sub-program

REPORTING FUNCTION

Economics and Trade is one of five sub-programs funded under Integrated Resource Management. In this program, staff direct and

analyze policy assessments for the ministry in the areas of resource

economics, industry economics, forest resource revenue, forest-products

l develop policies that foster the development and economic health of the province’s forest resource, and the forest industry

l prepare economic analyses of forest resource matters, such as timber

supply-and-demand economics, alternative forest management practices, and project benefit/cost analyses

(Pages 20 & 21)

l provide funding for forest-products research

l manage forest-related trade matters, such as log exports, trade issues, and the softwood lumber dispute with the United States

Economics and Trade staff primarily serve the ministry’s executive

and senior managers, but they also supply information to other ministries and governments, forest companies, and other sector stakeholders.

Expenditures c;1 1992/93: $5.7 million 0 1991/92: $5.7 million

Table E-2

Forecast: $4.6 million Note: $1.95 million was

spent to support

wood-products

research.

1992/93 Progress During this fiscal year, program staff: l reviewed trade issues affecting the forest-products industry

l prepared socio-economic assessments of possible changes in harvest levels resulting from the Timber Supply Review

l published and distributed a directory of wood-processing plants in

the province

l funded wood-products research l reviewed proposals for new forest tenures

l coordinated economics research projects, including the Economic and

Social Analysis Program of the Canada - B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development (FRDA II)

l managed the province’s interests in the Canada/U.S. softwood lumber

trade dispute

48

ECONOMICS AND TRADE PROGRAM REPORTS

The Forest Industry in 1992 In 1992 the British Columbia forest industry was recovering from the

cyclical downturn that bottomed out in late 1991. In this process: Quick Facts l total shipments were $11.1 billion, up 9 per cent from 1991 l after-tax earnings for the 11 British Columbia forest companies that

were publicly traded throughout 1992 improved, from a loss of $350 million in 1991, to a loss of $100 million in 1992

l estimated capital and repair expenditures were $2.0 billion in 1992,

down from actual expenditures of $2.5 billion in 1991

l direct employment averaged 86,000 in 1992, up 2 per cent over 1991

1992 housing starts

Canada: 168,000 0

U.S.: 1,200,000

Lumber

British Columbia’s lumber production in 1992 was 14.2

billion board feet, up 6 per cent from the output recorded

in 1991.

The average price of the bellwether indicator for the Interior industry - western spruce-pine-fir 2 x4s (kiln dried, random

length, standard and better grade) - rose from US$189

per thousand board feet in 1991 to US$233 in 1992, amid considerable volatility.

The North American lumber market improved in 1992,

with U.S. housing starts rising to 1.2 million units, up from

1.0 million in 1991. Lumber shipments to the U.S. were up

14 per cent, to 8.3 billion board feet.

Offshore lumber shipments were down 3 per cent, to 3.1 billion

board feet.

Market pulp

British Columbia’s shipments of market chemical paper-grade pulp fell by approximately 8 per cent in 1992, to 3.2 million tonnes. The decline

reflected both the effect of the B.C. pulp and paper strike in the summer,

and generally weak pulp markets.

The average price of northern bleached softwood kraft pulp (NBSKP)

was approximately US$550 per tonne in 1992, down from US$575 in 1991.

Newsprint

British Columbia’s newsprint :production totalled 1.5 million tonnes in

1992, up marginally from 1991.

The average U.S. West Coast price of standard newsprint was US $430 per tonne in 1992, down more than 20 per cent from the 1991 average.

Quick Facts Small Business Forest Enterprise Program revenues:

$176.1 million. Returned to the province’s general revenue fund:

$141.5 million. Tables 1 & L-l

49

PROGRAM REPORTS ECONOMICS AND TRADE

Quick Facts Average administered stumpage

charges of major licences, per cubic metre: $9.22. Same charge

in 1991192: $7.47. Table C-2

Other products

Plywood production was 1.6 million cubic metres (about 1.8 billion

square feet; 31%inch basis) in 1992, up 9 per cent. More than 80 per cent of the plywood produced in British Columbia is consumed within

Canada. Canadian housing starts totalled 168,000 units in 1992, up

8 per cent. Exports of shakes and shingles, 98 per cent of which go to the United States, were up 3 per cent in 1992.

Value-added wood products

With encouragement from government, the industry has expanded

programs in recent years to promote value-added processing in the

wood-products industry.

Jointly funded programs have wide support throughout the industry.

They are designed to:

l develop market and technical information l promote value-added wood products made in B.C.

l participate in regional and international trade shows and missions l encourage improved use of the wood resource

50

PROGRAM REPORTS

FOREST INVENTORY

Program Under this program, ministry staff provide inventory data to forestry

planners in the private and public sectors, and to regional and district planners and managers within the ministry.

In 1992193, data provided to these clients included:

l current statistics, through periodic re-inventory and regular depletion

updates l digital files with geo-referenced inventory data

l an updated area-volume digital database for use in timber supply

analysis, to assist in determining the allowable annual cut l growth and yield models developed and calibrated for estimating and

projecting forest stands, for inventory reporting and resource analysis

In this year, Inventory staff also contributed data to the timber supply

analysis process.

1992/93 Progress Provincial and local planners need up-to-date, detailed forest-cover information in a geo-referenced format. In providing this information

to clients, Inventory staff contribute directly to improved forestry

practices, resource management, and planning.

To meet their objectives during 1992193, program staff:

l provided approximately 2,200 days of quality training to 180 Inventory staff, as well as to other ministry personnel and members of

the private sector l updated 2,793 previously digitized map sheets for depletions

l re-inventoried 464 map sheets l completed validation on the variable density yield-prediction system

for coastal Interior species

l established, remeasured and/or purchased 1,210 permanent sample

plots l collected stem analysis data on 100 cottonwood trees

l ecologically assessed 652 sample plots

l gathered 600 volume and decay tree samples for stem analysis l completed 200 area-volume and other statistical reports

l produced 15 timber supply area, area-volume data files for timber

supply analyses

l piloted an in-house digital map update in three forest districts

(Chilliwack, Port McNeil1 and Vernon)

REPORTING FUNCTION

(Pages 20 & 21)

Expenditures () 1992193: $22.4 million

1991/92: $22.1 million Tables F-l, F-2

Forecast: $22.8 million ($10.2 from base and

$12.6 million from

the Forest Renewal

Plan.) Table 2

Note: 1992 I93 total was $10.7 million from

I base and $11.7 million

from the Forest

Renewal Plan.

51

PROGRAM REPORTS FOREST INVENTORY

l developed the procedures and field-testing components of the new

vegetation inventory

Some of the highlights of the year included:

Statistical audit ‘VolumelRatio Sampling”

Inventory staff have adapted a technique to statistically audit the inventory of individual timber supply areas and tree farm licences.

They apply a technique that uses an independent set of randomly

located sample plots to develop an estimate of the mean volume per hectare for the inven-

tory. Branch staff conducted pilot projects

during 1992 in the Queen Charlotte Islands Timber Supply Area, Tree Farm Licence 39,

Block 6 (on the Queen Charlotte Islands),

and the Toquart River Drainage (Port Alberni Forest District) that have confirmed the validity of the statistical audit methodology.

Variable Density Yield Prediction

W-DYP)

VDYP is an empirical natural stand yield

model that predicts volumes and diameters

for forest stands. Inventory staff have used

more than 50,000 sample plots to calibrate

this model, which uses stand estimates of age, height, and crown closure to derive pre-

dictions. Staff completed the development and testing of the VDYP model in 1992193.

Map generalization

Program staff are developing a process to generalize the existing

1:20,000 scale forest cover maps to a scale of 1:250,000. The software will automatically blend small forest cover types as the scale is

reduced.

The digital capture (updating) of forest cover maps for disturbances is

currently completed by contractors. Three forest districts served as

pilots for in-house updating during 1992193, and the program is scheduled to expand to 15 districts during the 1993194 fiscal year.

Forest Inventory Reporting (FIR) system

FIR is a database reporting system for the timber, range and recre-

ation inventories. Users of this PC-based system can generate tabular

statistics, colored charts and graphs, and color-themed maps from the

52

FOREST INVENTORY PROGRAM REPORTS

forest inventory attribute and graphic database. Program staff have decentralized the system to region and district offices, which has

increased reporting efficiency.

Forecasts With a budget of $24.4 million in 1993/94, Inventory staff will: l provide more than 3,000 training days to ministry staff and the

private sector in data collection, processing, and reporting procedures for the provincial vegetation mventory system, scheduled for imple-

mentation in 1995

l update more than 2,500 map sheets for depletions

l re-inventory more than 400 rnap sheets

l collect volume and decay information on 1,200 trees l stem analyze 100 trees

l remeasure or purchase 1,100 permanent sample plots l ecologically assess 700 permanent sample plots

l complete 250 area-volume and other statistical reports

l produce area-volume data files for 11 timber supply areas in support of timber supply analyses

l expand the in-house digital rnap update into an additional 12 district

offices l test new vegetation inventory classification and sampling components

at two test sites

) Quick Facts

’ Quick Facts ’ Digitized map sheets updated

by Inventory in 1992193, for

depletions: 2,793. Number of

sheets updated the year before: 1,623.

53

PROGRAM REPORTS

SILVICULTURE

REPORTING FUNCTION

(Pages 20 & 21)

Quick Facts Timber damaged by forest pests

in 1981/82, in cubic metres: 18,742. In 1992/93: 11,051.

Table G-17

Program The Silviculture Program includes the provincial Silviculture programs,

and the Canada - B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development (FRDA II).

Provincial Silviculture programs The provincial Silviculture programs include:

1) Reforestation programs (including Current Reforestation, Backlog

Reforestation - including Outstanding Obligations - and Nursery and

Seed Operations) 2) Stand-tending programs (including Incremental Silviculture and

Community Forestry programs)

3) Forest health activities 4) Training and support activities

1) Reforestation programs

The government reforests areas under its responsibility that have

been harvested, burned by wildfire, or damaged by insects or disease. These areas include:

l good and medium sites harvested prior to 1982 (Pre-82 Backlog)

l areas that were harvested under the Small Business Enterprise

Program prior to January 1, 1988 (Ministry Outstanding) l areas that were harvested by major licensees between January 1,

1982 and October 1,1987 (Industry Outstanding)

l areas that have been burned by wildfire or damaged by pests

(Current Reforestation)

The Nursery and Seed Operations Program supplies seed and seedlings for planting activities under both the provincial Silviculture

programs and the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program. Staff

operations include seed orchard management and cone collection; seed extraction, testing and storage; seedling production at the ministry’s

three nurseries; and administering seedling contracts with private

nurseries, transportation, and cold storage.

2) Stand-tending programs

The ministry funds stand-tending programs to improve the health, productivity, and value of immature forest stands, through the

Incremental Silviculture Program. The Community Forestry Program

also funds stand-tending activities and other forest improvement

projects in cooperation with municipalities and regional districts.

54

SILVICULTURE PROGRAM REPORTS

3) Forest health activities

Forest health staff control and prevent damage caused by disease,

insects and other organisms. They also monitor the use of pesticides by

the ministry.

4) Training and support activities

Silviculture training and extension staff develop and deliver courses

for silviculture staff, forest workers, and First Nations silviculture contractors. They also maintain a resource centre for extension materials.

1992/93 Progress: Provincial Silviculture programs A summary of field accomplishments

under the provincial Silviculture programs is presented in Table G- 3.

1) Reforestation programs

Under the reforestation programs, ongoing survey and site preparation work

continued, in addition to planting,

brushing and spacing (required for a stand to reach free growing). The

1992193 survival rate of second-year

seedlings was approximately 86 per cent.

A decade earlier, this figure was less

than 60 per cent.

Current Reforestation includes ministry

audits of the basic silviculture conducted by major licensees on Crown lands har-

vested after October 1, 198’7. I-n 1992/93,

program staff completed 1,952 audits covering 101,388 hectares. ( T&/e G-8)

Staff also completed 204 audits on 7,478

hectares under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program in this fiscal

year. (Table L-4)

Under Nursery and Seed Operations, staff shipped approximately 17.5

million seedlings from the three ministry nurseries for planting. Three

new greenhouses were built to replace part of the ministry’s outdoor

compound and bareroot capacity, which are no longer in demand due to changing stock type requirements, In addition, staff at the Green

Timbers Reforestation Centre provided extension services to forest

55

PROGRAM REPORTS SILVICUL -URE

nurseries, continued research on the culture of seedlings, and began a

demonstration on Christmas tree production. B.C. Research was con-

tracted to produce 30,000 emblings (plants produced through somatic

embryogenesis) in a nursery for demonstration and trial purposes.

1 Quick Facts Year the Forest Service planted

the first reforestation seedling:

1930. The two billionth: 1989. Year in which it will plant the

three billionth: 1993.

Quick Facts I Increase in government funding for silviculture from 1982 to

1991 (including industry funding

since 1987): 350 per cent.

Coastal Zone Seed Orchard progress included: l Phase II planting of the second-generation coastal Douglas-fir

orchard at Bowser

l phase-out of the Koksilah Douglas-fir first-generation orchard at Duncan (after 23 years of operation)

l relocation of Coastal Seed Orchard administration and operations

staff from Duncan to Saanich, where seed-pest management extension services are now also accommodated

The Interior Zone Seed Orchard acquired 40 hectares of property near

Vernon to meet requirements for new seed orchards, and for propagation of a white pine orchard to produce blister-rust resistant seed.

The ministry appointed a cone and seed quality improvement officer at

the Tree Seed Centre to meet the demand for increased seed extension

services to nurseries and cone collecting agencies.

Program staff implemented the new Seed Planning and Register (SPAR) Information System in 1992/93. It replaces the previous Tree

Seed Register and Sowing Request Information System. The development of direct access for non-ministry clients, as well as enhancements

to the system, are ongoing. The status of the provincial seed inventory

is provided in Table G-15.

2) Stand - tending programs

The Incremental Siluiculture Program accounted for approximately 58 per cent of the total area spaced, 41 per cent of the total area fertilized,

and 21 per cent of the area pruned in the province in 1992J93.

Under the Community Forestry Program, $3.7 million was spent on

silviculture, as well as range and recreation activities. Employment

and forest improvements were generated in more than 35 communities.

3) Forest health activities

Under forest health, $4.6 million was spent on bark beetle control

activities, including:

l aerial damage detection

l aerial mapping, photography and ground surveys of infested areas

l placing pheromone baits, and establishing trap trees

l felling and burning, or pesticide treatment, of single-infested trees

56


Also in 1992193, forest health

staff undertook a benefit/cost

study of the bark beetle program.

The results were under review at the end of the fiscal year.

In response to the detection of

the Asian strain of gypsy moth in the Vancouver area, the Ministry

of Forests, the Ministry of

Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, and Agriculture Canada cooper-

ated to implement an eradication

program. Approximately 18,000 hectares of Greater Vancouver

were treated by aerial application

of the microbial insecticide

Bacillus thuringiensis Kurstaki (Btk). Surveys detected no resid-

ual gypsy moth population after

treatment. Costs were sha-red equally by the province and the

federal government.

To reduce damage caused by de-

foliating insects in the Kamloops Forest Region, approximately 30,000 hectares of forest were treated

with Btk to control western s’pruce budworm, and 600 hectares were treated with a viral insecticide to control Douglas-fir tussock moth. Both operations were very successful.

In 1992/93, forest health staff also surveyed for and treated root disease, leader weevils, porcupine damage, and other concerns. Estimates of

timber damage and areas under attack by forest pests in 1992/93 are detailed in Tables G-16 and G -17.

I-=-- Seedlings planted each year to 4) Training and support replace trees destroyed by fire,

In 1992193, training and extension staff: l provided support for the Silviculture Institute of B.C., and the B.C.

Forestry Continuing Studies Network

1 cld;~~l~npests, or harvested:

l developed a training plan for the Integrated Silviculture Information

System (ISIS), and course modules for training resource assistants

l successfully piloted a resource kit for public presentations

57

PROGRAM REPORTS SILVICULTURE

To continue development of the Integrated Silviculture Information

System (ISIS), ministry staff produced a prototype for pilot districts,

distributed hardware to all districts, and finalized implementation

I , plans.

I Quick Facts 1 Crown land area planted in

1981182, in hectares: 70,179. The Canada -B.C. Partnership 1 Planted in 1992/93: 18$Zio10 1 Agreement on Forest Resource

Development (FRDA II) This is a cost-shared, federal/provincial forestry agreement for $200

million over four years. Fiscal 1992/93 was the second year of FRDA II.

The primary objectives of the agreement are to conduct incremental silviculture (spacing, pruning, fertilizing), and to fund initiatives in

communications, extension, research, small-scale forestry, product and market development, and economic and social analysis.

1992/93 Progress: FRDA II Under this agreement, silviculture activities and surveys were carried out on 29,375 hectares in 1992193. (Table G-7)

During this fiscal year, other accomplishments

under the agreement’s seven sub-programs included:

l more than 125 projects under the Sustainable Forest Development Program

l continued work on the research and technology

needed to strengthen the scientific basis for sustainable development

l draft provincial guidelines for riparian zone

management

l economic and social analyses of silviculture activities

l expanded development of an Integrated Resource

Inventory System

l continued work on a GIS program for silviculture use that can be linked to the Integrated Silvi-

culture Information System (ISIS)

FRDA II activities are detailed in the FRDA II

1992/93 Annual Report,

58


Forecasts: Provincial Silviculture programs and FRDA II At present funding levels, it is anticipated that as the ministry’s back-

log reforestation responsibilities are met, reforestation programs will be decreased. However, overall silviculture activities are expected to

be maintained, to ensure the Ihealth and growth of new forests. This

includes providing funding for integrated resource management goals,

auditing, forest health, and stand-tending activities.

A provincial audit of Pre-harvest Silviculture Prescriptions will be

completed in 1993194.

Forest health activity plans include surveys for gypsy moth, western spruce budworm, and Douglas-fir tussock moth to assess the effective-

ness of treatments in 1992193, and the need for further treatment.

ISIS will be implemented in all districts in 1993/94.

Expenditures c) 1992193: $202.8 million

(included $23.2 million for FRDA II)

Tables G-l, G-Z

1991/92: $220.6 million (included $20.0 million

for FRDA II)


(included $24.5 million for FRDA II)

Tab/e 2

59

PROGRAM REPORTS

SILVICULTURE ACTIVITIES OVERVIEW Silviculture activities fall into three major categories: reforestation, stand tending, and forest health.

Reforestation By law, all Crown lands harvested in British Columbia since 1987

must be reforested with healthy, ecologically suitable tree species within a specific time frame. This is defined as ‘basic silviculture’

under the Forest Act. Reforestation is also undertaken

on areas affected by fire or pests, and on areas that were cut prior to 1987.

To reforest an area, some or all of the following activities are necessary:

l surveying: taking inventory, and prescribing silviculture treatments

l site preparation: preparing sites to promote natural

regeneration, and to facilitate planting (Table G-9)

9 seed collection and seedling production: producing high-quality seed and seedlings for planting (Table G-15)

9 planting: restocking denuded areas with seedlings

(Tables G-10, G-11, G-22)

l brushing: controlling competing vegetation to prevent

the loss of planted or natural seedlings - including activities previously called conifer release (Table G-13)

l spacing: thinning excessively dense stands in order to prevent growth

limitations caused by overcrowding

Responsibility for reforestation

The responsibility for reforestation rests with the company that har-

vested the area, or with the province, depending on the date of harvest

IQ uick Facts I and land tenure.

Amendments to the Forest Act in 1987 made reforestation to a free-

growing standard the obligation of those who harvest Crown timber.

Therefore, major licensees are responsible, at their own expense, for basic silviculture on areas harvested after October 1, 1987. Under the

Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, basic silviculture on areas harvested after January 1, 1988 is done by the ministry, and funded

by the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program special account.

60

SILVICULTURE PROGRAMS OVERVIEW PROGRAM REPORTS

Reforestation activities are funded by the ministry but implemented

by the licensees on lands that were harvested by major licensees between

1982 and October 1,1987.

The ministry has full responsibility to fund and carry out reforestation activities on all lands harvested under the Small Business Enterprise

Program prior to January 1, 3988, on lands harvested prior to 1982, Quick Facts

and on lands currently denuded by fire or pests. Species of seedlings planted

throughout the province: 19.

A summary of the changes in the status of not satisfactorily restocked

(NSR) Crown land, by responsibility, is presented in Table 6.

1 f;enc;;;r;n,,p’,anted at the

Ministry staff monitor and audit major licensees, and oversee the basic silviculture activities under the Small Business Forest Enterprise

Program to ensure that basic silviculture responsibilities are met. Audits of major licensees are detailed in Table G-8. Small Business

Forest Enterprise Program audits are detailed in Table L-4.

Stand tending In addition to reforestation activities, the ministry and major licensees

may also conduct stand-tending activities to enhance tree growth and

to improve wood quality in selected stands.

Activities may include:

l surveying: taking inventory and planning future silviculture treat-

ments

l juvenile spacing: reducing the density of a young stand in order to

concentrate the growth on fewer, selected trees l fertilizing: applying fertilizer to promote tree growth on sites deficient in soil nutrients

l pruning: removing lower branches to produce clear, knot-free wood

Forest health Forest health activities may bee undertaken during reforestation and/or stand-tending phases. The purpose of these treatments is to prevent

and control damage caused by disease, insects and other organisms.

Health activities may include: l surveying: to detect insects or disease

l bark beetle treatments: including placing pheromone baits, establish-

ing trap trees, and felling and burning or pesticide treatment of single-

infested trees

l applying biological insecticides: to control insect infestations

Quick Facts Planted trees originating from

seeds collected from wild stands: 90 per cent. From parent trees in seed orchards: 10 per cent.

61

PROGRAM REPORTS SILVICULTURE PROGRAMS OVERVIEW

l other: treatments of root disease, leader weevils, porcupine damage,

and others

Measures that may be necessary to ensure reforestation to free growing,

such as root disease treatment, are required as part of the basic silviculture responsibility.

Stand-tending treatments for forest health purposes, such as pruning

blister-rust infected white pine, or spacing a stand to remove mistletoe,

are usually funded under stand-tending programs.

Responsibility for treatment of widespread infestations or damaging

agents depends on their location and nature, and may fall to the ministry, the licensees, andfor the federal government.

Silviculture activity funding Table G-6 outlines all silviculture accomplishments on Crown land for 1992193, including ministry and non-ministry funding sources,

Quick Facts Forest nurseries operated by

the Forest Service: 3. Seed

orchards: 9 and the provincial tree seed centre in Surrey.

Commercial nurseries under

’ contract for seedlings: 20. I

Funding by the ministry

The ministry’s funding (Table G-l*) supports the following activities:

l Provincial Silviculture programs (Table G-3)

l The Canada - B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource

Development (FRDA II) (Tab/e G-7)

l Small Business Forest Enterprise Program (SBFEP) (Table L-5)

l South Moresby Forest Replacement Account (SMFRA) (Table M-2)

Non-ministry funding

Non-ministry sources (funding not reported) include silviculture activities conducted by major licensees to meet their basic silviculture obligations. Major licensees may also voluntarily conduct stand-tending

activities on some areas. Details are reported in Table G-4.

Non-ministry sources also fund the Forest Enhancement Program

(FEP), and other job creation initiatives. (Tab/e G-5) FEP is funded by the Ministry of Social Services, and implemented by the Ministry of

Forests. During 1992/93, the program provided recipients of provincial

income assistance with training, work experience, and a source of income while working on forest improvement projects.

Other reported activities include the Forestry Corrections Inmate Work Agreement, and federal job creation programs.

62

SILVICULTURE PROGRAMS OVERVIEW PROGRAM REPORTS

Silviculture trends

Graphs 1 through 9 on the following pages illustrate silviculture accomplishment trends on Crown land over the past 10 years.

GRAPH 1 - SILVICULTURE SURVEYS ON CROWN LAND SUMMARY OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS

Hectares (thousands)

1,200

800

800

200

100

0 83/84 84,185 85/88 88/87 87/88 88/89 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93

Fiscal Year

Incremental

II Basic

Silviculture sxveys on Crown land doubled in the past 10 years to meet the increasing

need for planning and monitoring silviculture activities. The large increase in 1991/92

includes aerial and ground surveys of almost 300,000 hectares of area burned by fire

before 1982 n the Prince George Forest Region.

-

-

--

63

GRAPH 2 - SITE PREPARATION ON CROWN LAND SUMMARY OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS


160

140

120

100

(10

60

40

20

0 t I 83/W 84/85 85/86 86/87 87/88 SS/SS 89/90 SO/91 91/92 92/93

Rscal Year

Other

II Mechanical

Prescribed Fire

There has been a reduction in the area treated with prescribed fire, and an increase in

the area treated mechanically.

GRAPH 3 - PLANTING ON CROWN LAND SUMMARY OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS

83/84 84/85 SS/SS 86/87 87/88 88/89 ES/SO SO/91 91/92 92/93

Fiscal Year

Planting increased from 84,300 hectares in 1983/84 to a high of 204,000 hectares

in 1990/91. As the backlog of NSR land is regenerated, this activity is expected to

decline slightly, and to level off over the next 10 years.

64

GRAPH 4 - BRUSHING ON CROWN LAND SUMMARY OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS


70

60

50

40

83/84 WI/'85 85/SS 86/87 87/88 SS/SS 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93

Fiscal Year

Brushing levels will remain high because of the need to rapidly establish free-growing forests.

GRAPH 5 - JUVENILE SPACING ON CROWN LAND SUMMARY OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS


50 _

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

n 83/t34 84/85 S5/86 m/s7 87/88 88/89 as/90 99/91 91/92 92/93

Fiscal Year

The spacing of young trees has increased under FRDA II (1991-95).

65

GRAPH 6 - FERTILIZING ON CROWN LAND SUMMARY OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS


20 -

15

0 83/84 84/85 85/86 88/87 87/88 88/89 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93

FiscalYear

GRAPH 7 - CUMULATIVE TOTAL OF TREES PLANTED IN BRITISH COLUMBIA PLANTING ON ALL TENURES

Number of trees (millions)

3,000

2,000 -~___

1,500 ~ ~~ -~ ~ ~~~-~~ ~~

1,000 ~.~~.

500 -___~

1950 1955 1980 1985 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990

Year

Cumulative total includes planting since 1930.

66

GRAPH 8 - NUMBER OF TREES PLANTED EACH YEAR IN BRITISH COLUMBIA PLANTING ON ALL TENURES

Number of trees (millions)

300 ____~___-

250

o--7-- l I I I I I

I

1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 Year

- Coast

-Interior

-Total

GRAPH 9 - TOTAL SILVICULTURE AUDITS BY AREA SUMMARY OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS


120 ~________-

100

80

60

40

20

0 --A- I 83/84 @I/t35 S5/86 M/87 al/t38 59/59 89/90 90/91 91/92 92/93

Fiscal Year

m SBFEP

Major Licensees

Silviculture audits were introduced shortly after amendments were made to the Forest

Act in 1987. The number of audits is expected to continue increasing.

67

PROGRAM REPORTS

FIRE SUPPRESSION

REPORTING FUNCTION

(Pages 20 & 22)

The Fire Suppression Program includes two sub-programs: Direct Fire

Fighting, and Fire Preparedness.

DIRECT FIRE FIGHTING Sub-program This sub-program provides funding and personnel to fight and extin-

guish forest, range and urban-interface wildfires, and to minimize the damage from wildfires. It is closely linked to and supported by the Fire

Preparedness Program.

Ministry staff under this sub-program work to protect the forest and

range resources, and to protect life, property, and other natural resource

values from damage by wildfire. Their goals include limiting the area burned and the amount of timber loss, and containing as high a per-

centage of wildfires as possible within 24 hours of discovery.

The Direct Fire Fighting sub-vote funds direct fire-

line expenditures. This includes fire fighters’ wages, equipment rentals, aircraft hiring, suppression supplies, standby, overtime and site rehabilitation.

1992/93 Progress Fire crews battled 3,805 wildfires this season, making

it the third busiest on record. More fires were only

recorded in 1979 (3,849) and in 1970 (4,002).

In 1992/93, the goal of the Direct Fire Fighting staff

was to limit the area burned to less than 69,000

hectares, and the volume of timber loss to less than 2.6 million cubic metres. Despite the high number of wildfires, the first goal was

achieved: only 30,452 hectares were burned. However, the timber loss

Expenditures 0 was 2.7 million cubic metres. (Table E-4)

1992/93: $69.9 million

1991/92: $32.2 million Table H-1

Forecast: $21.0 million Table 2

The 1992193 fire season in brief

l Intense lightning storms, combined with unusually hot, dry conditions, created an unprecedented wildfire workload. During the August long

weekend, more than 27,700 lightning strikes were recorded. The strikes

caused 690 wildfires over the three days.

l The Quesnel Forest District fought more than 200 wildfires in a two-day

period. None of these wildfires escaped initial attack to become large, expensive project fires.

68

DIRECT FIRE FIGHTING PROGRAM REPORTS

l The Rapattack Program fought a record 200 wildfires. (Rapattack crews,

using specialized equipment and ropes, rappel from a hovering helicopter

to attack inaccessible wildfires caused by lightning.)

l There were three evacuations in 1992193: Stoner in the Prince George Forest Region, and Lytton and Fintry in the Kamloops Forest Region.

l Due to the large number of’ lightning-caused fires, the B.C. Forest

Service requested additional fire fighting crews and equipment through the Canadian Interagency Forest Fire Centre in Winnipeg.

Through the Canadian Mutual Resource Sharing Agreement,

provinces and territories are able to assist each other in times of need. In total, B.C. borrowed 316 certified fire fighters, one air tanker group,

6,000 lengths of hose, and 310 water pumps. B.C. also loaned 300

lengths of hose to Saskatchew.an.

Forecasts Wildlandlurban-interface tires continue to be a priority, and ongoing

work is required to cooperatively control tires originating in or moving

into residential areas. The three evacuations in 1992/93 (Lytton, Stoner and Fintry) emphasize this need. Sub-program staff will continue

their liaison and cooperation with other emergency agencies in the

coming year.

( Wildfires 1992/93: 3,805

1991f92: 2,023 Norm: 2,800 /season

Table E-2

69

PROGRAM REPORTS

FIRE PREPAREDNESS Sub-program

REPORTING FUNCTION

I

Under this sub-program, the ministry is responsible for all aspects of

wildfire suppression, and fire management.

staff are to maintain the ministry’s

fire fighting resources in a state of readiness. This includes: training fie

bx [z fighters, equipment refurbishing, aircraft availability, and computer system maintenance and development.

(Pages 20 & 21) The sub-program has been designed to:

l protect the forest and range resources from damage by wildfire

l protect life, property and other natural resource values from wildfire

l provide aviation services to wildfire suppression, and other ministry

programs

Fire management

Expenditures 0 Fire management activities range from wildfire prevention, to smoke

1992193: $39.4 million management, to the use of prescribed fire in ecosystem management.

1991192: $27.5 million Forest, range and wildlife managers acknowledge that fire has a place Table I-1 in ecosystem management, and fire is used as a land management

Forecast: $40.4 million tool. Prescribed fire is used to: Tab/e 2 l support silviculture site treatments, allowing the growth of healthy

forests

l create better habitat for wildlife and domestic animals

l reduce the likelihood of wildfire damage, by removing surface fuels in mature forests and around forested homes

Fire management staff administer an extensive fire prevention pro-

gram, and prescribed fire and smoke management programs. The

cooperation of the forest industry, as well as that of other ministries

and agencies, is essential in fulfilling this mandate. The forest, ranch-

ing and wildlife industries cooperate with the Ministry of Forests, and the Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks to conduct prescribed

burning.

1992/93 Progress The 1992193 season in brief l A new Forest Fire Prevention Regulation was passed in time for the 1992

fire season. For industry, it clearly identifies the obligations of operators,

the fire fighting equipment that must be on site, and all necessary fire

precautions and activity restrictions.

70

FIRE PREPAREDNESS PROGRAM REPORTS

l In April 1992, forest officers were given authority to issue tickets for

minor offences in B.C.‘s forests. Tickets are issued for failure to comply

with sections of the Forest .Act, the new Forest Fire Prevention

Regulation, and the Scaling Regulation. Fines range from $50 to $500.

l The Native Unit Crew Program was expanded from 10 to 18 crews. Unit crews work larger fires more efficiently and effectively. This pro-

gram provided seasonal emplo:yment for more than 375 natives. l By introducing stricter burnmg guidelines, the amount of particulate

released from prescribed burns has been significantly reduced.

Emissions are down to 30 per cent of the levels recorded in 1990.

Fire management

The tire management section provides organizational support for fire

management, wildfire prevention, wildfire preparedness, and wildfire

suppression. During 1992/93, section staff:

l mounted an extensive fire prevention program using radio, magazine and newspaper advertisemenm, highway billboard signs, school visits,

Smokey Bear, mall displays, brochures, and the Beware and Prepare

video program l expanded an aggressive wildfire-detection program, by publicizing a

toll-free fire reporting telephone number, and by maintaining lookouts,

air patrols, and a computerized lightning detection location system l continued to research, update and improve fire fighting equipment

l conducted prescribed burning to support range and wildlife habitat

creation and maintenance, in cooperation with the Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, and the forest, ranching and wildlife

industries l used prescribed fire to support silviculture site treatments, and for-

est fire hazard abatement

Aviation management

The aviation management section provides aerial services, facilities

and aviation support for wildfire suppression and all other Forest Service programs. During 1992/93, pilots flew 44,289 hours for all pro-

grams (39,092 hours for wildfire suppression, and 5,197 hours for other programs).

There were five aircraft accidents during 1992/93; four of those resulted in damage to aircraft only. Regrettably, the crash of a bird dog air-

craft caused the death of the air attack officer and the pilot,

Major capital works completed in 1992/93 included the installation of a

fire retardant residue recirculating system at the Puntzi Airport, and

a major addition to the Williams Lake air operations building.

1 Quick Facts Area burned by wildfires in

1992193, in hectares: 30,452. Table E-3

Area planted in 1992193, in

hectares: 184,823. Table G-10

I

IQ uick Facts Native Unit fire fighting crews

this year: 18. Last year: 10. Natives seasonally employed:

375.

71

PROGRAM REPORTS FIRE PREPAREDNESS

Quick Facts Timber burned by wildfires in

1992193, in cubic metres:

2,731,300. Table E- 4

Timber damaged by forest pests in 1992193, in cubic metres:

11,051. Table G-17

Fire management analysis and development

Staff in this section provide technical support for the fire management

computer systems. They also provide support for prescribed fire use in

forest management, and user support for all protection systems.

During 1992193, fire management analysis and development staff

developed and maintained computer systems for:

. advanced fire management - to assist fire managers in day-to-day decision-making

l fire weather - to monitor weather conditions l lightning location - to locate and record lightning strikes in real time

Section staff also researched:

l weather modeling l monitoring smoke production and dispersal from prescribed burns

l the use of artificial intelligence in fire preparation decision-making

l other computer-based systems and models for effective fire management

Training

The training section provides technical support for the Fire Suppression

sub-program. In conjunction with improved fireline certification software, section staff revised and expanded the fireline certification stan-

dards during 1992193. They also completed an implementation review,

and made recommendations for improved operational use of certification standards. In addition, training staff produced two suppression

series courses during this fiscal year.

International development

The B.C. Forest Service is recognized as a world leader in fire control and suppression. International development staff continue to market our technology to foreign fire fighting agencies: Chile, Italy, Mexico,

South Africa and Portugal sent delegations to British Columbia to

examine provincial fire control and suppression technologies during 1992193. Expressions of interest have also been received from Korea, Australia, Greece and Honduras.

Forecasts The wildland/urban-interface issue remains a priority. Staff will continue

to work with local fire departments to promote fire-safe community planning, and homeowner precautions. Ministry personnel will conduct

interface simulations and drills, as needed, to prepare for all eventualities.

Staff will continue to emphasize smoke management in smoke sensitive

areas.

72

PROGRAM REPORTS

SMALL BUSINESS FOREST ENTERPRISE PROGRAM

Program Qualified individuals and firms register in this program to purchase

Crown timber from the province.

There were 2,164 registrants in the program at March 31, 1993, composed

of market loggers (84 per cent), and the operators of small sawmills or

remanufacturing plants (16 per cent).

The program also provides opportunities for a considerable number of

private-sector contractors who construct roads, reforest land, measure

and protect the timber resource, and assist in planning forest management activities.

The Small Business Forest Enterprise Program has four main objectives: l opportunities: for individuals and firms in the forest industry to acquire

timber for their operations, and for individuals and firms to enter the

industry, and establish new businesses

l diuersification and jobs: timber will be sold to promote and stimulate the production of specialty and high-value forest products, and to produce

jobs. The establishment of new sawmills will not be encouraged.

l competition and profit: timber marketing through a competitive pro-

cess ensures that the most efficient firms are awarded timber sales,

and that the province receives a fair rate of return for the forest resource

l forest management: sound, integrated forest management will be demonstrated and encouraged throughout the province

1992/93 Progress The volume of timber available for sale to loggers and sawmillers under the program remained steady throughout the year. Demand for

timber increased, largely as a result of increasingly strong lumber

markets, particularly in the fourth quarter.

Bid proposal sales

These sales were designed to encourage and promote value-added

manufacturing. A review of bid proposal sales, completed in March 1992, revealed that they meet the policy goals of the Small Business

Forest Enterprise Program.

These sales continue to receive strong interest: during 1992/93, the

ministry awarded 24 bid proposal sales, providing approximately 1.3

Expenditures c;I 1992/93: $76.9 million 0 1991/92: $76.9 million

Table L-l


Table 2

Notes: $36.4 million was spent on road

construction to provide

access to future timber

sales, and for the

preparation of timber sales, including

planning, cruising, layout and monitoring.

$22.3 million was spent for silviculture.

1 Quick Facts Number of seedlings planted in 1992/93 under the SBFEP:

18,021,OOO. Tab/e L-5

73

PROGRAM REPORTS SMALL BUSINESS FOREST ENTERPRISE PROGRAM

I I

1 Quick Facts Small Business Enterprise

Program registrants at March 31, 1993: 2,164. Market loggers: 84 per cent. Small sawmills or

remanufacturing plants:

16 per cent.

:

Revenues 0 1992193:

On:

1991192: On:

Notes:

$176.1 million

Timber volume of

10.4 million cubic metres

Table 1

$131.4 million

Timber volume of 8.4 million cubic

metres Opening balance:

$125.3 million. $85.6 million reserved

for future silviculture

costs. $141.5 mitlion returned

to the government’s

general revenue fund.

million cubic metres of timber to remanufacturers and specialty pro-

ducers. This was a decrease of five proposals from 1991192, but an increase of 0.1 million cubic metres of timber.

Successful applicants in 1992/93 proposed $2.3 million in capital

investments, to create 108 new jobs, and to maintain 709 jobs. In com-

parison with the year before, this was a decrease in investment and new jobs, but an increase in the number of jobs maintained.

Special bid proposal sales, designed to encourage small sawmills to

provide lumber to remanufacturers, continued during 1992193: the four

that were sold provided approximately 53,000 cubic metres of timber. This was a decrease from 1991192, when nine sales provided about

67,000 cubic metres of timber.

Support for timber sales

Most of the work required to support the program’s timber sales was done by contractors.

Accomplishments in 1992/93 included:

l 698 kilometres of road construction

l 6.9 million cubic metres of timber cruised l 18 million trees planted on 13,243 hectares

l 2,832 hectares brushed and spaced

Silviculture

All forest lands on which timber has been harvested under the program

will be reforested by the ministry.

During 1992193, silviculture activities were carried out by ministry

staff under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program on 72,901 hectares, a slight increase from 72,224 hectares the year before. Staff

completed 204 audits this year, compared with 143 in 1991192.

Silviculture achievements under the program are summarized in

Tables L-4 and L-5.

Program management

The ministry assumes responsibility for the construction of main forest

roads and bridges, for silviculture, and for other forest management requirements that are incidental to operations which yield small business

revenue.

The program is managed on a self-financing basis. The Small Business

Forest Enterprise Account receives all revenues, and is the source of

funding for all program expenditures.

74

SMALL BUSINESS FOREST ENTERPRISE PROGRAM PROGRAM REPORTS

Revenue in excess of the funds required for current expenditures and for future silviculture obligations is returned to the province’s general

revenue fund. In 1992193, $141.5 million was returned.

Forecasts In line with the goals of the program, the ministry will continue to make

timber available, as competitive sales to loggers and small sawmills,

and as bid proposal sales to remanufacturers and specialty plants.

A strong demand for timber is anticipated during 1993194. The

Canada/US. exchange rate is favorable for the export of forest products,

and the continuing drop in timber supply in western North America will cause strong demand for standing timber sold under the SBFEP.

Volume sold Value sold 0

9

1992193: 7.6 million cubic

metres of timber Value: $165.8 million, at

time of sale

1991/92: 7.9 million cubic metres of timber

Value: $119.7 million, at

time of sale

Table L-3

7.5

PROGRAM REPORTS

SOUTH MORESBY IMPLEMENTATION

SPECIAL ACCOUNT

Expenditures 9 Forest Replacement 1992193: $2.3 million

1991/92: $2.5 million

Table M-l


Quick Facts Seedling survival rate in 1982183: less than 60 per cent.

Survival rate in 1992193:

86 per cent.

Two special accounts are included under the South Moresby Implementation

initiative: Forest Replacement, and Forestry Compensation.

Forest Replacement Program The South Moresby Forest Replacement Account (SMFRA) provides

economic opportunities for the people of the Queen Charlotte Islands, and promotes enhanced forest management.

The account was established jointly by the governments of Canada and the province in 1988, to help offset the reduction in timber supply, and

the loss of forestry jobs caused by the creation of South Moresby

National Park Reserve. An estimated 147,000 hectares were removed from the managed forest in the area as a result of the park’s creation.

The federal and provincial governments each deposited $12 million in

the SMFRA, which was originally designed to fund activities for eight

years, with a possible four-year extension. At the end of the 1992193 fiscal year, negotiations were underway to develop the account into a

long-term fund. While negotiations proceed, the management committee continues to set the account’s annual budget on the basis of inter-

est accrued. The funds are intended to supplement rather than replace

ongoing forestry programs.

A joint federal/provincial management committee still oversees the

account, but coordination and administration were both transferred to the Queen Charlotte Islands Forest District in 1991. This was done to

make the program more sensitive to the needs of the local communities

and the forests on the Islands.

SMFRA funds are limited to projects that are located in or developed

for the Queen Charlotte Islands. Projects may be undertaken on any productive lands committed to long-term forest management, such as

provincial timber supply areas, and tree farm licences. Projects may

also be done on private, First Nations, municipal or federal lands.

Eligible projects include communications, forest inventory, silviculture,

research, information extension and demonstration, and implementation Priority is given to projects and treatments that provide the best

combination of increased forest productivity and employment.

76

SOUTH MORESBY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM REPORTS

1992/93 Progress - Forest Replacement During this fiscal year, staff in the SMFRA program:

l carried out silviculture activities on 1,367 hectares (Table M-2)

l worked on 12 research projects: topics included maintaining wildlife diversity, an evaluation of alternative silviculture systems on steep

slopes, and enhancing productivity in coastal cedar-hemlock ecosystems

l completed a forest research laboratory in the Queen Charlotte Islands Forest District office

l worked on inventory studies on the growth and yield of natural

stands, timber volume and decay studies, and a pilot project to inventory culturally modified trees on an Islands-wide scale

l undertook forest health projects, in cooperation with Forestry

Canada, to develop a framework for monitoring pest problems with alternative silvicultural systems, and to evaluate pest problems in

spaced stands

l produced a public workshop and field tour to highlight forest research in the Queen Charlotte Islands

l generated approximately 33 person-years of employment (an estimated

90 per cent of which was completed by local forestry consultants or silviculture contractors)

Quick Facts Expenditures under the

SMFRA between 1988 and

March 31,1993: l silviculture: 75 per cent

l research: 12 per cent l implementation: 6 per cent

l inventory: 6 per cent

l communication: 1 per cent I Forecasts In 1993/94 the majority of funds will be allocated to spacing and fertil-

ization, in order to increase employment and future timber value.

Research will be refocused to more closely integrate and support operations. Increased communications activities will include a fall/winter lecture series, and an interpretive forest development plan.

y9;

1992/93 Progress - Forestry Compensation This account was established in 1988 to acquire third-party forest

interests associated with the establishment of South Moresby National Park Reserve. The account is administered by a joint federal/provincial

committee.

The compensation offer made to MacMillan Bloedel Limited, the final

claimant, was rejected. Under the provisions of Section 53 of the Forest

Act, the company has begun an arbitration process.

1992/93: $7.1 million

1991/92: $38.2 million

Tab/e M-l

Note: 1992193 amount includes $7.0 million

expenditure accrual for any future com-

pensation payments.

77

TABLES

TABLES

SUMMARY FINANCIAL AND STATISTICAL TABLES

NOTE: All financial data for 1992/93 contained in this section is based

on an accrual accounting system, and is unaudited.

TABLE 1: REVENUE IN 1992/93, BY CATEGORY, BY FOREST REGION I

REGION CARIBOO KAMLOOPS PRINCE PRINCE I

NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA TOTALS ’

CATEGORY

Stumpage (major)

Rents and fees

Small Business Forest Enterprise

Timber royalties

Export fees

Scaling fees

Range fees

Interest

Miscellaneous1

TOTALS

$54,696 $58,912

1,800 1,892

20,973

-

-

174

590

140

182

$78,555

21,944

290

26

259

589

386

658

$84,955

$000

$26,246 $134,768

1,426 3,829

9,511 49,311

349 88

- 5

181 385

147 245

238 495

641 259

$38,739 $189,385

$40,261 $157,350 - $472,233

2,202 5,448 671 17.268

27,247 47,119 - 176,105

695 23,709 - 25,131 1

3,649 6,297 - 9,977

218 1,224 - 2,441

56 4 - 1,631

175 950 331 2,715

451 73 1,426 3,690

$74,954 $242,174 $2,428 $711,191

1 Miscellaneous revenue in the Nelson Region Includes $0.235 milllon from Dowrw St. Sawmllls

80

TABLE 2: EXPENDITURE AND FULL-TIME EQUIVALENTS (FCEs) IN 1992/93, BY SOURCE OF FUNDS I

FULL-TIME EQUIVALENTS ~ EXPENDITURE

FORECAST2 ACTUAL

2000

FORECAST ACTUAL

FTEs

$377 $358 6.00 4.30

8,131 8,890 63.00 91.00

100,103 107,540 1,117.oo 1,102.oo

108,234 116,430 1,180.OO 1,193.oo

56,358 58,365 1,015.10 1.022.70

6,330 6,225

11,445 12,985

17,775 19,210

29,480 33,132

-

232.00

307.00

218.64 ~

304.74

12,572 11,714

10,272 10,655

22,844 22,369

-

166.00 176.50

195,609 179,611

24,500 23,172

220,109 202,783

454,800 452,269

816.00

3,716.lO

-

850.32

3,765.90

21,019 69,860 133.70 131.30

40,416 39,400 349.20 346.50

61,435 109,260 462.90 477.60

SOURCE OF FUNDS VOTE 41: MINISTER’S OFFICE

A. Minister’s Office

VOTE 42: MINISTRY OPERATIONS

B. Management Services

1 Forest Renewal Plan

2 Support for other programs

SUB-TOTALS

C. Harvesting

D. Research


2 Support for other programs

SUB-TOTALS

E. Integrated Resource Management

F. Inventory


2 Provincial inventory

SUB-TOTALS

G. Silviculture

1 Provincial Silviculture Programs

2 FRDA II

SUB-TOTALS

TOTAL VOTE 42

VOTE 43: FIRE SUPPRESSION

H. Direct Fire Fighting

I. Fire Preparedness

TOTAL VOTE 43

VOTE 44: FOREST RESOURCES COMMISSION

J. Forest Resources Commission 500

TOTAL VOTED 517,112

Special Accounts - Statutory

Section 143 -

Section 244 -

K. Forest Stand Management 100

L. Small Business Forest Enterprise Program 82,251

M. South Moresby Implementation

Forest Replacement 2,500

Forestry Compensation -

TOTALS $601,963

437

562,344

- -

4,205.OO 4.246.00

(1,332) 4

1

76.893

2,330

7,087

$647,327

-

-

4,205.OO 4,248.OO

1 The concept of full-time equivalent (FTE) is based on the normal working hours of one full-time employee for a one-year period (1,827 hours), and is used

to account for all personnel on a similar basis.

’ Amounts shown reflect the final allocation for the year, and include all transfers approved by Treasury Board and the ministry’s executive during the year.

3 Increase (decrease) In provision for bad and doubtful accounts.

’ Interest on revenue refunds.

81


TABLE 3: EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY CATEGORY, BY FOREST REGION

PRINCE PRINCE REGION CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA TOTALS

$000

CATEGORY

Salaries and benefits Professional services

Other expenses

TOTALS

$20,510 $26,539 $23,813 $30,632 $21,332 $32,972 $59,403 $215,201 19,248 33,958 25,614 46,741 26,305 33,702 36,815 222,383

9,029 16,464 13,512 26,499 11,406 15,936 116,897 209,743

$48,787 $76,961 $62,939 $103,872 $59,043 $82,610 $213,115 $647,327

TABLE 4: PRODUCTIVE FOREST LAND IN 1992/93 IN TIMBER SUPPLY AREAS AND TREE FARM LICENCES, BY FOREST REGION

._

TYPE MATURE TIMBER IMMATURE TIMBER NOT STOCKED TOTALS

hectares

REGION

Cariboo 3,562 2,143 215 5,920

Kamloops 2,451 1,723 232 4,406

Nelson 1,296 1,853 224 3,373 Prince George 9,697 5,586 2,077 17,360

Prince Rupert 6,644 2,060 664 9,368

Vancouver 3,307 1,414 205 4,926

TOTALS 26,957 14,779 3,617 45,353

82


TABLE 5: DELETION OF LAND FROM PROVINCIAL FORESTS IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

DESIGNATED USE OF LAND DELETED

AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY PARKS RESIDENTIAL AND AND

TRANSPORTATION RECREATION

hectares

REGION

Cariboo

Kamloops

Nelson

Prince George

Prince Rupert

Vancouver

TOTALS

436.29 1.72 - 23.28

- - - 2.53 33.92 9.89 - -

888.90 72.20 - 5.83

2.00 - - 1.71

- 2.14 - 8.22 1,361.11 65.95 - 41.57

OTHER

15.08

7.04

18.30 1.30

9.25

2.63 53.60

TOTALS

476.37 44

9.57 4

62.11 6 968.23 21

12.96 6

12.99 34 ~

1,542.23 115 ~

TOTAL PARCELS REMOVED

83


TABLE 6: CHANGES IN THE NOT SATISFACTORILY RESTOCKED (NSR) CROWN LAND1 IN 1992/93

RESPONSIBILITY MINISTRY YEAR OF DENUDATION PRE-82

SITE CLASSIFICATION POOR AND

CHANGES

Total NSR (end of 1991/92)3

Additions in NSR in 1992/93 dueto:

Harvestinge, fire, and pests5

Plantation failures

Natural regeneration failures

TOTAL ADDITIONS TO NSR9

Reductions to NSR in 1992/93 due to:

Plantings

Natural regeneration

Reclassification of NSR to NP’

TOTAL REDUCTIONS TO NSR9

TOTAL NSR (ENDOF 1992/93)

NET DECREASE IN NSRIN 1992/939

LOW

MINISTRY PRE-82

GOOD AND MEDIUM

135,843 306,422 354,936 44,463

1,992 2,838

1,859 9,082

1,721 6,899

6,672 16,819

5,912 26,454

6,408 23,241

693 2,571

13,013 62,266

126,402 272,976

7,441 33,447

OBLIGATION CATEGORY 2

MINISTRY MINISTRY 1982-87 POST-87

(OCT. 31/87) ALL SITES ALL SITES

hectares

988 4,459

9,504 580

2,081 29

12,672 5,066

33,075 1,926 40,886 1,624

1,461 77

75,423 3,627

292,066 45,904

62,650 (VW

SBFEP MAJOR LICENSEES POST-88 POST-87

(JAN. l/88) (OCT. 31/87) ‘ALL SITES’ ALL SITES

72,774 521,159 1,435,597

15,174

997

144,031

1,744

51

169,482

23,766

10,780

16,222 146,775 204,026

11,889 106,923 186,180

1,353 12,553 86,065

172 4,974

13,414 119,476

75,6628 547,458s

(2,606) (26,299)

277,216

1,362,406

73,190

TOTALS9

84


1 The information in this table does not include 2.2 million hectares of NSR which are included in the inventory summary of NSR in Table 4.

The inventory database is on a two-year update cycle. Therefore, much of the 2.2 million hectares is stll classfied as non-commercial brush

or non-commercial timber. even though natural regeneration is in progress on many of the areas - as reflected In this table.

2 Key to obligation category, based on the responsibility for reforestation to the free-growing stage.

Ministry, Pre-82, Poor and Low Sites: Poor and low NSR sites created prior to 1982 are given a low priority for funding.

Ministry, Pre-82, Good and Medium Sates: A large portion of this obligation category was treated under FRDA I (1985-90).

Ministry, 1982.87, All Sites: Includes areas under the Small Business Enterprise Program (cut prior to January 1, 1988), and areas

of Major Licensees (cut prior to October 1. 1987). Together with Ministry Pre-82, Good and Medium

Sites, these areas are considered “outstandrng obligations.”

Ministry, Post-October 1. 1987, All Sites: The Ministry remains responsible for basic silviculture on all areas denuded by fire or pests.

Small Business Forest Enterprise Program: Basic silviculture on areas denuded after January 1, 1988 IS funded by the SBFEP account, and

implemented by the Ministry of Forests.

MaJor Licensees, Post-1987, All Sites: Basic srlvrculture on all areas harvested after October 1, 1987 is funded by major licensees.

Licensees have six to seven years to reach the basic silviculture requirement through natural

regeneration, or three to four years through planting, as specified in the pre-harvest silviculture

prescription.

3 AdJustments to NSR figures reported in the 1991/92 annual report can be summarized as follows:

Total NSR at the end of 1991/92: 1,529,480 ha

Late updates to the database:

Further decrease in NSR (Pre-87) ( 128,010) ha

Further increase in NSR (Post-87) 34,127 ha

Total NSR at the beginning of 1991/92: 1.435.597 ha

4 NSR resulting from logging is the net area to be regenerated after harvest (excluding roads, landings and other non-productive areas).

s Openings caused by fire or pests refer to incidence in mature timber or in areas already classified as free growing. Fire and pest incidence prior to

free growing is considered plantation or natural regeneration failure.

6 Area planted does not equal the totals in Tables G-6 and G-10, due to differences in reporting method by TFL holders for Pre-87 NSR.

7 NP is non-productive land. Reclassification to NP is due to roads, landings, swamps, rock outcrops, etc.

8 Stocking is in progress on these areas, and IS within allowable regeneration periods.

9 Frgures may not add due to rounding.

85

TABLES

DETAILED FINANCIAL TABLES

NOTE: All financial data for 1992193 contained in this section is based

on an accrual accounting system, and is unaudited.

TABLE A-l: MINISTER’S OFFICE EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY CATEGORY OF EXPENDITURE I ~~~ I

TOTALS

$000

CATEGORY

Salaries and benefits

ProfessIonal services

Other expenses

TOTAL

$242

97

19

$358

~ TABLE B-l: MANAGEMENT SERVICES - FOREST RENEWAL PLAN EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY

TOTALS

$000

ACTIVITY

Management Services Division

Financial Services

Human Resources

Audit Services

Information Systems

Technical and Administrative Services

SUB TOTAL

Forest Operations Division

TOTAL

I

$88

152

135 I

2,305

2,317 1

4,997

3,893

$8,890

86


TABLE B-2: MANAGEMENT SERVICES - SUPPORT FOR OTHER PROGRAM EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY

TOTALS

$000

ACTIVITY

Deputy Minister’s office

Assistant Deputy Ministers

Chief Forester

Operations

Management Services

Public Affairs and Library Services

Forest Operations Division

Information and Privacy

Financial Services

Human Resources

Audit Services

Information Systems

Technical and Administrative Services

TOTAL

$1,165

578

776

587

1,082

46,108

71

4,828

2,723

747

18,060

30,815

$107,540

87


TABLE C-l: HARVESTING EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION


$000

ACTIVITY

Timber valuation 1 $1,173 $1,596 $1,457 $1,778 $1,693 $4,197 $5,690 $17,584

Timber harvesting * 2,057 2,896 2,556 3,257 1,333 4,050 8,517 24,666

Engineering 1,540 2,399 3,126 2,918 1,466 3,889 777 16,115

TOTALS $4,770 $6,891 $7,139 $7,953 $4,492 $12,136 $14,984 $58,365

1 Includes $3.136 milllon in scaling expenditures.

2 Excludes $11.959 milllon transferred to Small Business Forest Enterprise Program for administration expenses. (Table L-I)

88


~ TABLE D-l: RESEARCH - FOREST RENEWAL PLAN EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION )


$000

ACTIVITY

Forest Renewal Plan

TOTALS

$412 $499 $402 $318 $287 $209 $4,098 $6,225

$412 8499 9402 $318 $287 $209 $4,098 $8,225

TABLE D-2: RESEARCH - SUPPORT FOR OTHER PROGRAMS EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY,

~ ~~~ ~~~ ~~~ ~- BY FOREST REGION

I PRINCE PRINCE ~ REGION CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA TOTALS

$000

Management $26 $20 $35 $46 Technical support group -

Integrated Resource Management -

Forest renewal section - - - -

Forest productivity and decision support - - -

Regional forest sciences 598

TOTALS 9824

560 591 835

$580 $828 $881

ACTIVITY

$22 $53 $1,266 $1,468

- - 2,805 2,805

- - 1,308 1,308

- - 2,316 2,316

- - 901 901

796 807 - 4,187 $818 $880 $8,598 $12,985

89


TABLE E-l: INTEGRATED RESOURCE MANAGEMENT EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, I

BY FOREST REGION ~


$000

ACTIVITY

Administration $121

Resource Planning 708

Range Management 1,081

Recreation Management 857

Economics and Trade Branch -

Corporate Policy and Planning Branch -

TOTALS $2,767

$274 $207 $111 $152 590 51,675 52,630

1,446 1,045 1,262 938 1,546 3,459 10,404

1,551 921 942 374 8 1,046 5,923

1,322 885 1,141 606 1,341 1,177 7,329

- - - - - 5,697 5,697

- - - - - 1,149 1,149

$4,693 $3,056 $3,466 $2,070 $2,966 $14,203 $33,132

90


TABLE F-l: INVENTORY - FOREST RENEWAL PLAN EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION

REGION PRINCE PRINCE

CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA TOTALS ;

$000

ACTIVITY

Administration $373 $382 $497 $567 $522 $446 $175 $2,962

Remote sensing - - - - - - 430 430

Periodic re-inventory and tree farm licences 249 143 273 1,175 1,238 246 48 3,372

70 247 1,048 2,170 Growth and yield

Systems operation and maintenance

Training and extension

Updates

Technical audit

- 1,266 1,266

- - 77 77

171 101 217 1,374

- 63 63

TOTALS $882 $1,027 $1,177 $2,263 $2,001 $1,040 $3,324 $11,714

156 305 203 141

- - - -

- - - -

104 197 204 380

- - - -

~ TABLE F-2: INVENTORY - PROVINCIAL INVENTORY EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION ~


CARIBDD KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA TOTALS

$000

ACTIVITY

Administration $226 $239 $417 $322 $132 $504 $957

Remote sensing - - - - 236

Periodic re-inventory and tree farm licences 174 359 186 677 345 259 443

Statistics

Systems operation and maintenance

Training and extension

Updates

Technical audit

TOTALS

- - - - - - 547

- - - - - 2,178

- 2 - - - 2 540

- 27 - - - 51 1,592

- - - - 240

$400 $627 $603 $999 $477 $816 $6,733

$2,797

236

2,443

547

2,178

544

1,670

240

$10,655

91


’ TABLE G-l*: SILVICULTURE EXPENDITURES UNDER ALL MINISTRY FUNDED PROGRAMS IN 1992/93, BY FUNDING SOURCE, BY PROGRAM, BY FOREST REGION


CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT

$000

VANCOUVER VICTORIA1 TOTALS

ACTIVITY

Provincial silviculture programs2 $17,373 $28,058 $22,777 $36,039 $18,760

Small Business Forest Enterprise Program3 1,483 3,094 2,128 9,090 3,891

South Moresby Implementation - Forest Replacement Account4 - - - - -

FRDA IIS 840 1,089 1,933 1,053 1,540

TOTALS $19,696 $32,241 $26,636 $46,182 $24,191

$17,839 $38,765 $179,611

2,616 - 22,302

1,685 - 1,685

8,937 7,780 23,172

$31,077 $46,645 $226,770

1 Funding IS allocated to Silviculture Branch in Victoria. but operations are also carried out at nurseries and seed orchards in Surrey, Saanichton.

Prince George, Vernon, Tappen, Bowser. Duncan and Campbell River.

2 Excludes $4.932 mllllon transferred to the Small Bwness Forest Enterprise Program for admrxstration expenses. (Table G-l)

3 Small Business Forest Enterprise Program. (Jab/e L-l)

4 South Moresby Implementation - Forest Replacement Account - includes incremental silviculture and pest management expenditures. (Table M-I)

5 Forest Resource Development Agreement (Canada. B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Development). (Table G-2)

92


TABLE G-l: SILVICULTURE - PROVINCIAL SILVICULTURE PROGRAMS EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION ,

PRINCE PRINCE ~ REGION CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA1 TOTALS

$000 i

ACTIVITY

Silviculture support2 $3,087 $4,455 $4,415 $5,804 $3,398 $5,527 $15,130 $41,816 Current reforestation3 1,326 1,066 1,944 1,440 1,984 673 15,157 23,590

Outstanding obligations4 9,845 18,455 13,643 25,356 11,427 6,920 7,494 93,140 Incremental silviculture5 1,781 1,453 1,361 1,355 1,028 3,148 138 10,264

Forest health 1,334 2,629 1,414 2,084 923 1,571 846 10,801

TOTALS $17,373 $2l3,058 $22,777 836,039 818,760 $17,839 $38,765 $179,611

1 Funding is allocated to Silviculture Branch in Victoria. but operations are also carried out at nurseries and seed orchards In Surrey, Saanichton.

Prince George, Vernon, Tappen, Bower. Duncan and Campbell River.

* Excludes $4.932 million transferred to the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program for administration expenses. (Jab/e L-l)

3 Includes audits, and previous fire and pest sub-program.

4 Includes mrnrstly and industry outstanding, and nursery operations and development.

5 Includes $3.723 million for the Community Forestry Program.

TABLE G-2: SILVICULTURE - FOREST RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93 BY PROGRAM, BY FOREST REGION


$000

PROGRAM

Forest Resource Development Agreement’ $840 $1,089 $1,933 $1,053

TOTALS $840 $1,089 81,933 $1,053

1 Canada B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development (FRDA II).

$1,540 $8,937 $7,780 $23,172

61,540 98,937 $7,780 923,172

93


TABLE H-l: DIRECT FIRE FIGHTING EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION


CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA TOTALS

$000

ACTIVITY

Resource availability

Direct fire fighting

Emergency equipment

Fire detection flying

Air tanker flying

Fire support flying

Native unit crews

TOTALS

$58 $632 $157 $304 $170 $285 $3,829 $5,435

2,379 6,453 2,990 10,766 1,797 3,029 3,872 31,286

358 - 14 10 5 4 4,483 4,874

125 152 257 868 96 84 - 1,582

440 491 172 537 174 301 1,391 3,506

1,750 2,012 2,545 7,704 820 2,598 786 18,215

593 1,232 252 1,116 835 719 215 4,962

$5,703 $10,972 $6,387 $21,305 $3,897 $7,020 $14,576 $69,860

TABLE I-l: FIRE SUPPRESSION PREPAREDNESS EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, B“ ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION


CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA TOTALS

$000

ACTIVITY

Administratronl

Fire management

Frre management analysis and development

Air operations

Aircraft availabrlity

TOTALS

$435 $1,109 $514 $502 $398 $1,357 $1,441 $5,756

1,689 1,369 2,244 2,703 1,608 1,183 5,171 15,967

- - - - 3,128 3,128

403 402 296 373 330 42 754 2,600

- - - - 11,949 11,949

$2,527 $2,880 $3,054 $3,578 $2,336 $2,582 $22,443 $39,400

1 Excludes $0.827 million transferred to the Small Business Forest Enterorise Program for admInIstration expenses. (Table L-l)

94


TABLE J-l: FOREST RESOURCES COMMISSION EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY CATEGORY OF EXPENDITURE

TOTALS

5000

CATEGORY

Salaries and benefits

Professional services

Other expenses

TOTAL

5101

221

115

$437

TABLE K-l: FOREST STAND MANAGEMENT FUND EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY CATEGORY OF EXPENDITURE

CATEGORY

Professional services

TOTAL

TOTAL

5000

51

$1

95


TABLE L-l: SMALL BUSINESS FOREST ENTERPRISE PROGRAM EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION


CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER VICTORIA TOTALS ~

$000

ACTIVITY

Administration1 $1,929 $2,561 $1,756 $3,056 $3,273 $4,779 $367 $17,721

Harvesting 2,876 5,867 4,746 5,477 8,243 9,049 118 36,376

Silviculture 1,483 3,094 2,128 9,090 3,891 2,616 - 22,302

Protection 33 217 34 31 44 135 - 494

TOTALS $0,321 $11,739 $8,664 $17,654 $15,451 $16,579 $485 $76,693

1 Transferred from Harvesting ($11.959 million: Table C-l), Silviculture ($4.932 mllllon: Table G-l), and Protection ($0.827 mllllon: Table I-1) programs,

plus miscellaneous expenditures ($0.003 million).

~ TABLE M-l: SOUTH MORESBY IMPLEMENTATION EXPENDITURES IN 1992/93, BY ACTIVITY, BY FOREST REGION


$000

ACTIVITY

Forest Replacement

Incremental silviculture -

Inventory

Research and demonstration -

Implementation -

Pest management -

TOTALS

- - - - $1,683 - $1,683

- - - - 197 - 197

- - - - 136 138 274

- - - - 174 - 174

- - - - 2 - 2

$2,192 6136 $2,330

Forestry Compensation1 - - - - - - $7,087 $7,087

1 Includes $7.000 mllhon expenditure accrual for antlclpated compensation payments.

96

TABLES

DETAILED STATISTICAL TABLES

TABLE C-2: AVERAGE STUMPAGE PRICES IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

ALL SPiilES

VOLUME PRICE

‘OOOm3 S/m3

REGION

Cariboo 8,417 $8.60

Kamloops 8,388 9.10

Nelson 6,381 6.04

Prince George 18,005 10.07

Prince Rupert

Coast 618 7.40

Interior 8,309 6.67

SUB -TOTALS 8,927 8.72

Vancouver

Coast 16,385 11.39

Interior 582 5.92

SUB-TOTALS 18,987 $11.20

TOTALS2 67,066 -

Weighted average - $9.22

1 Figures may not add due to roundmg.

2 Based on gross stumpage received on timber bllied from tree farm licences. forest licences. and timber sale licences. Volume excludes firmwood

rejects, waste and special forest products. Excludes stumpage received from Small Business Forest Enterprise Program sales.

97


TABLE C-3: VOLUME OF ALL PRODUCTS BILLED1 IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION, BY LAND STATUS

REGION CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON PRINCE GEORGE

PRINCE RUPERT VANCOUVER

LAND STATUS

Crown land

Tree farm licencez

Forest licence

Timber sale licence (outside Small Business Forest Enterprise Program)

Timber sale licence (Small Business Forest Enterprise Program)

Licence to cut

Royalty within tree farm licence

Royalty outside tree farm licence

Woodlot licence

Other4

SUB-TOTALS2

Private land5

Within tree farm licence

Outside tree farm and woodlot licence

SUB-TOTALS

Federal land and Indian reserves

TOTALS2

1 Includes firmwood rejects.

510 977 1,559 1,021 1,177

6,279 5,911 3,706 13,312 5,690

88 90 6 115 336

1,287 1,324 1,009 2,868 1,487

201 24 39 270 103

- - 15 - 50

- 74 71 21 70

65 82 36 282 67

30 57 99 209 154

6,461 6,638 6,640 18,098 9,134

- -

668

666

31

9,237

3

368

366

990

993

1,020

1,020

10

19,127

235

236

10

6,639

5

7,638

69

9,438

2 Figures may not add due to rounding.

3 Includes Schedule B lands only.

4 Includes rights-of-way, beachcomb. trespass, and miscellaneous

5 All Crown-granted lands.

‘OOOm3

7,805

6,471

101

2,447

49

2,492

1,831

57

168

21,422

338

2,767

3,105

65

24,592

TOTALS2

I

13,048

41,369

737

10,422

687

2,558

2,067

590

717

72,193

341 ,

6,047

6,388

190

76,771

98

TABL

E C-

4:

VOLU

ME

OF

ALL

PRO

DUCT

S BI

LLED

1+2

IN

1992

/93,

BY

FO

REST

RE

GION

, BY

SP

ECIE

S

SPEC

IES

BALS

AM

CEDA

R DO

UGLA

S-

CYPR

ESS

FIR

REGI

ON

Coas

t Prin

ce

Rupe

rt

Vanc

ouve

r

SUB-

TOTA

LS3

236

107

8

4,26

6 5,

740

914

4,50

2 5,

847

922

Inte

rior

Carib

oo

Kam

loop

s

Nelso

n

Prin

ce

Geor

ge

Prin

ce

Rupe

rt

Vanc

ouve

r

SUB-

TOTA

L53

TOTA

LS3

454

86

899

524

644

752

*

2,55

4 48

2,54

9 13

9 -

183

70

8

7,28

3 1,

818

8

11,7

85

7,48

5 92

9

1 Inc

ludes

firm

wood

re

jects.

* Inc

ludes

all

ha

rvesti

ng

on

Crow

n, pr

ivate

and

federa

l lan

ds

and

Indian

re

serve

s

3 Fig

ures

m

ay

not

add

due

to

roun

dlng.

* Ind

icates

vo

lume

less

than

500

cubic

m

etre

s.

* 36

9 3

148

- 1

871

3,13

1 8,

882

* 16

77

6 37

24

1 24

,002

3,13

1 9,

251

* 18

92

3 37

24

2 24

,874

1,29

3

1,65

1 997

407

I

127

4,47

5

7,80

8

HEM

LOCK

LA

RCH

‘000

m3

44

* 5,

245

1,63

8

316

84

3,54

9 2,

078

781

353

2,44

5 1,

383

52

* 6,

056

9,06

7

2,09

6 2,

154

1,58

1

108

7 78

3,39

8 43

7 19

,458

15

,825

12,8

48

437

19,4

74

18,7

49

LODG

EPOL

E PI

NE

SPRU

CE

PINE

O

THER

TO

TALS

3

1;

47

90 * 8

145

183

79

8,83

9

90

9,23

7

91

7,53

8

943

19,1

26

47

8,56

7

2 59

0

1,25

2 53

,897

1,49

5 78

,771

TABL

E C-

5:

AREA

HA

RVES

TED

IN

1992

/93,

BY

FO

REST

RE

GION

CROW

N LA

ND1

REGI

ON

Carib

oo

SUB-

TOTA

LS

Kam

loop

s SUB-

TOTA

LS

Nelso

n

SUB-

TOTA

LS

Prin

ce

Geor

ge

SUB-

TOTA

LS

Prin

ce

Rupe

rt

SUB-

TOTA

LS

Vanc

ouve

r SUB-

TOTA

LS

SUB-

TOTA

LS

TOTA

LS

SILV

ICUL

TURA

L SY

STEM

Clea

rcut

ting”

Parti

al

cutti

ng’

Clea

rcut

tmg

Parti

al

cutti

ng

Clea

rcut

ting

Parti

al

cutti

ng

Clea

rcut

ting

Parti

al

cutti

ng

Clea

rcut

ting

Parti

al

cutti

ng

Clea

rcut

ting

Parti

al

cutti

ng

Clea

rcut

ting

Parti

al

cutti

ng

TFL’

TS

A3

OTH

ER4

SUB-

TOTA

LS

TFL1

+2

OTH

ERS

SUB-

TOTA

LS

TOTA

LS

hect

ares

1,55

4 29

,499

68

6 31

,739

9,88

4 64

4 10

,528

39,3

83

1,33

0 42

,267

17,3

46

339

20,2

97

6,31

5 25

0 6,

816

23,6

61

589

27,1

13

10,1

70

381

12,7

18

7,57

3 18

2 8,

632

17,7

43

563

21,3

50

50,3

74

1,17

1 55

,347

707

16

773

51,0

81

1,18

7 56

,120

16,9

59

594

19,6

39

314

26

340

17,2

73

820

19,9

79

13,0

82

5,70

6 28

,790

854

72

982

13,9

36

5,77

8 29

,772

137,

430

8,87

7 16

8,53

0

25,6

47

1,19

0 28

,071

163,

077

10,0

67

196,

601

-

1,55

4

2,61

2 251

2,86

3

2,16

7 877

3,04

4

3,80

2 50

3,85

2

2,08

6

- - 22

15

37

- -

185

2,49

3 2,

493

90

90

2,58

3 2,

583

1,62

3 1,

623

695

695

2,31

8 2,

318

3,15

6 3,

178

2,10

4 2,

119

5,26

0 5,

297

3,60

3 3,

603

- -

3,60

3 3,

603

679

864

2,08

6

10,0

02 56

10,0

58

22,2

23

1,23

4

23,4

57

185

3,48

7 -

3,48

7

3,69

4 15

3,70

9

-

679

6,84

6

6,84

6

18,4

00

2,88

9

21,2

89

-

864

10,3

33 -

10,3

33

22,0

94

2,90

4

24,9

98

34,2

32

10,6

18

44,8

50

21,9

20

7,51

1

29,4

31

15,8

96

10,7

51

26,6

47

58,9

50 773

59,7

23

20,5

03 340

20,8

43

39,1

23 982

40,1

05

190,

624

30,9

75

221,

599

PRIV

ATE

LAND

1 Th

is IS

the

are

a of

all

blo

cks

wher

e all

ha

rvesti

ng

was

com

pleted

du

ring

1992

/93.

Hatve

stIng

on

the

blo

cks

may

ha

ve

begu

n in

prior

ye

ars.

Harve

sting

wi

ll als

o ha

ve

occu

rred

on

block

s th

at

were

no

t co

mple

ted

in 19

92/93

.

2 TF

L:

Tree

Fa

rm

Licen

ce,

includ

ing

timbe

r llce

nce

area

.

3 TS

A:

Tim

ber

Supp

ly Ar

ea.

Exclu

des

provln

clal

Crow

n lan

d wi

thin

wood

lot

llcenc

es

and

timbe

r Ilc

ence

s, an

d fed

eral

lands

.

4 inc

ludes

pro

uncia

l Cr

own

land

wlthi

n wo

odlot

lice

nces

an

d tim

ber

Ilcen

ces.

and

federa

l lan

ds.

5 Es

timat

e on

ly,

beca

use

priva

te lan

down

ers

are

not

requ

ired

to

repo

rt the

ir are

a ha

rveste

d. Inc

ludes

pr

ivate

land

withl

n wo

odlot

lice

nces

.

6 “C

learcu

tting”

m

eans

the

su

m

of

“conv

entio

nal

clear

cuttin

g”

and

“clea

rcuttln

g wi

th

gree

n tre

e re

tentio

n pa

tches

.”

7 “P

artia

l cu

tting”

m

eans

the

su

m

of

seed

tre

e,

shelt

erwo

od.

selec

tion.

and

copp

ice

sllvic

ultur

al sy

stem

s, plu

s dia

mete

r lim

it an

d sa

lvage

ha

rvesti

ng

oper

ation

s.


TABLE C-6: VOLUME OF LOGS EXPORTED FROM B.C. IN 1992/93, BY SPECIES

EXPORTS EXPORTED

UNDER PERMIT1 OTHER EXPORTS*

‘OOOm3

TOTALS

SPECIES

Balsam 253 80 333

Cedar * 4 4

Cypress - 17 17

Douglas-fir 66 41 107

Hemlock 421 119 540

Lodgepole pine 1 4 5

Spruce 231 10 241

Other softwood * 2 2

Hardwood 9 2 11

TOTAL6 961 279 1,260

1 Export permit granted under Section 137 of the Forest Act. Logs harvested from provincial Crown land, private land within a tree farm licence area, and

from private land granted by the Crown after March 12, 1906.

2 No export permit required under the forest Act. Logs harvested from private land that was granted by the Crown prior to March 13. 1906, and is not

within a tree farm licence area, and logs harvested from federal land and Indian reserves.

* Volume less than 500 cubic metres.

101


TABLE C-7: NUMBER OF LICENCES AS OF MARCH 31,1993, BY FOREST REGION ~~..

PRINCE PRINCE REGION CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER

number

TOTALS

FORM OF RIGHTS TO CUT TIMBER

Tree farm licencel 2

Woodlot licence 93

Forest licence

5 6 4 2 15

85 59 172 52 39

34

500

*replaceable 15 25 27 25 24 50

*non-replaceable2 9 - 2 5 1 5

Timber sale licence (pulpwood agreement)3 - - - 19 - -

Timber sale licence (non-SBFEP)4

166

22

19

*replaceable - 1 - - 2 4

*non-replaceable 1 1 - 3 6

Timber sale licence (SBFEP)S

*replaceable 7 35 24 11 11 42

*non-replaceable 209 434 141 195 134 170

Licence to cut 110 47 96 447 82 101

TOTAL 446 633 355 878 311 432 -

7

11

130

1,283

883

3,055

1 TFL 25, located in both the Vancouver and Prince Rupert Forest Regrow is included in the Vancouver total only.

2 Includes special forest licence rn Lot 7741 Military Reserve, Cariboo Forest Region.

3 Number of active timber sale licences issued In order to satisfy the Crown’s obligation under a pulpwood agreement.

4 Trmber sale licences which have an allowable annual cut of greater than 10,000 m3 per year.

5 Timber sale licences managed under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program include replaceable licences that have an allowable annual cut of

10,000 rn3 or less, and non-replaceable kences active as of March 31, 1993 that were sold under sectrons 16, 16.1, 18. and 56.1 of the Forest Act.

102


TABLE C-B: VOLUME COMMITTED AS OF MARCH 31,1993, BY FOREST REGION


CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER TOTALS2

m3

FORM OF RIGHTS TO CUT TIMBER

Tree farm licencel 579,759 839,651 1,395,420 1,019,610 1,098,550 12,414,144 17,347,134

Woodlot licence2 75,006 81,191 48,512 158,598 47,538 64,731 475,576

Forest licence

*replaceable 4,561,410 5,569,082 3,594,096 11,602,119 5,781,627 6,976,818 38,085,152

*non-replaceable3 948,000 - 98,500 945,000 50,000 203,701 2,245,201

Timber sale licence (pulpwood agreement)4

Timber sale licence (non-SBFEP)5

- - - 1,624,OOO - 1,624,OOO

*replaceable - 13,437 11,372 26,230 61,312 112,351

*non-replaceable 50,000 65,000 - - 295,000 116,000 526,000

Timber sale licence (SBFEP)e

*replaceable 16,563 32,681 50,282 7,500 12,291 101,534 220,851

enon-replaceable7 1,226,209 1,274,523 1,133,913 2,320,774 1,565,483 2,034,747 9,555,649

Forest Service reserve8 135,097 119,177 194,853 178,661 227,050 98,475 953,313

TOTALS 7,592,044 7,994,742 6,515,576 17,667,634 9,103,769 22,071,462 71,145,227

1 Schedule A and B lands: does not include SBFEP volumes withrn TFLs. Volumes for TFL 25, located in both the Vancouver and Prince Rupert Forest

Regions, is rncluded In the Vancouver total only.

* For both Schedule A and B lands.

3 Includes special forest licence in Lot 7741 Mrlitary Reserve, Carlboo Forest Region. 4 Total volume commrtted where the allowable annual cut for a timber supply area was increased to reflect the Crown’s oblrgation under a pulpwood

agreement.

s Timber sale licences which have an allowable annual cut of greater than 10,000 ms per year.

6 Timber sale lrcences managed under the Small Busrness Forest Enterprise Program include replaceable licences that have an allowable annual cut of

10.000 ms or less, and volumes APPORTIONED to non-replaceable Ircences.

7 Includes SBFEP volumes committed witkNin TFLs.

8 Volume APPORTIONED for miscellaneous timber harvested, such as licences to cut, and unauthorized cutting.

103


~ TABLE C-9: FOREST SERVICE ROAD CONSTRUCTION. INVENTORY AND CONSTRUCTION COSTS IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION AND ROAD SIZE

REGION

~ Cariboo

SUB-TOTALS

Kamloops

SUB-TOTALS

Nelson

SUB-TOTALS

Prince George

SUB-TOTALS

Prince Rupert

ROAD SIZES

Double Lane - 19.0 882.5

Single Lane - 72.3 3,362.0

91.3 $244.5

Double Lane - -

Single Lane 3.5 122.2 9,003.3

3.5 122.2 9,003.3

Double Lane - 261.5 Single Lane 7.8 94.7 8,764.7

7.8 94.7 9,026.2

Double Lane 22.0 - 2,550.4

Single Lane 53.5 73.1 4,844.5

75.5 73.1 7,394.g

Double Lane - 332.1 Single Lane 14.0 134.3 2,537.5

14.0 134.3 2,669.6

Double Lane 8.3 135.2

Single Lane 12.1 60.1 4,606.6

20.4 60.1 4,741.6

Double Lane 30.3 19.0 4J61.7

Single Lane 90.9 556.7 33,116.6

121.2 575.7 37,260.3

1 Forest Serwe roads constructed by licensee with the costs reflected in the calcujation of stumpage.

2 Includes works approved under the Small Eluslness Forest Enterprise Program and the Emergency Bark Beetle Program

3 March 31. 1993. includes transfers to and from other government agencies and pwate ownershlp. and cancellations.

4 Licensee costs not Included.

5 Forest Service road sizes:

Double Lane Class 1 (10 metres wide)

Class 2 (nine metres wide)

Class 3 (eight metres wide)

Stngle Lane Class 4 (SIX metres wide)

Class 5 (five metres wide)

Class 6 (four metres wide)

SUB-TOTALS

Vancouver

SUB-TOTALS

PROVINCIAL

SUB-TOTALS

TOTALS

CONSTRUCTION

BY LICENSEE1

BY MINISTRY2

kilometres

CURRENT INVENTORY3

CONSTRUCTION COST4

$000

$216.0

1,083.O

1,299.0

-

2,477.3 2,477.3

-

2,441.5

2,441.5 I

-

2,058.g

2,056.g

-

4,317.g

4,317.g

-

4,468.8

4,466.6

216.0

16J347.4

$17,063.4

104


~ TABLE C- 10: FOREST SERVICE ROAD IMPROVEMENT, UPGRADING AND MAINTENANCE, WITH COSTS, IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION AND ROAD SIZE

REGION

Cariboo

SUB-TOTALS

Kamloops

SUB-TOTALS

Nelson

SUB-TOTAL5

Prince George

SUB-TOTALS

Prince Rupert

SUB-TOTAL5

Vancouver

SUB-TOTALS

PROVINCIAL

SUB-TOTAL6

TOTAL5

IMPROVEMENTS/UPGRADING1 MAINTENANCE2

ROAD SIZE’

Double Lane

Single Lane

Double Lane

Single Lane

Double Lane

Single Lane

Double Lane

Single Lane

Double Lane

Single Lane

Double Lane

Single Lane

Double Lane

Single Lane

BY BY BY LICENSEE3 MINISTRY4 MINISTRY4

kilometres

-

-

-

44.0

44.0

-

740.0 740.0

-

23.1

23.1

- -

156.3 794.7

166.3 794.7

- -

62.5 134.1 62.6 134.1

92.0 45.0

44.0 103.5

136.0 145.5

86.0

3,153.0 3,239.0

76.0

465.5

541.5

-

155.0 166.0

- - - -

1550 521.5 804.3 346.0 155.0 521.5 604.3 346.0

-

6.5

6.6

92.0

291.1

363.1

220.8

220.6

45.0 613.7

656.7

-

1,218.g

1,216.g

162.0 6,693.6

7,055.6

IMPROVEMENTS/ UPGRADINGS MAINTENANCE5

$000 $000 ~

- -

$339.0 $310.0

339.0 310.0

- -

624.2 355.5

624.2 355.5

- 6.6

506.0 734.2

506.0 740.8

37.4 50.5

247.4 288.7

264.6 339.2

- -

1,445.5 509.9

1445.5 509.9

37.4 57.1

3,966.4 2,644.3

64,003.6 $2,601.4

1 Improvement beyond general surface maintenance: all aspects of structural maintenance, includrng road “reconstruction.”

2 Surface maintenance that includes culvert repairs, and replacement of small culverts, cleaning of ditches, bank clearing, spot gravellrng, and surface

grading.

3 Forest Service road improvements by the licensee, and costs reflected in the calculation of stumpage.

4 Includes works approved under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, and the Emergency Bark Beetle Program.

5 Lrcensee costs not included.

6 Forest Service road sizes:

Double Lane Class l(10 metres wide)

Class 2 (nine metres wide)

Class 3 (eight metres wide)

Single Lane Class 4 (six metres wide)

Class 5 (five metres wide)

Class 6 (four metres wide)

105

TABLE C-11: FOREST SERVICE BRIDGE AND MAJOR CULVERT CONSTRUCTION, INVENTORY AND COSTS I

IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION AND BRIDGE CLASS

CONSTRUCTION2

STRUCTURE BY CLASS1 LICENSEE3

REGION

Cariboo P

SP

T

MC

7

-

SUB-TOTALS

Kamloops

-

1

6

P

SP

T

MC

-

-

SUB-TOTALS

Nelson P

SP

T

MC

SUB-TOTAL6

Prince George P

SP

T

MC

SUB-TOTALS

Prince Rupert P

SP

T

MC

-

5

5

2

3

4

7

16

7

1

2

5

15

12

1

3

SUB-TOTALS

Vancouver P

SP

T

MC

SUB-TOTALS

PROVINCIAL

SUB-TOTALS

P

SP

T

MC

TOTALS

-

16 2

4

6

1

13

30

9

15

19

73

BY CURRENT MINISTRY4 INVENTORY5

#

6 79

2 28

- 63

- 29

6 199 9 153

1 57

6 358

6 100

22 666

7 109

7 166

6 502

10 165

30 942

10 234

10 97 - 122

4 279

24 732

5 115

1 10

5 82

2 43

13 250

13 118

11 118

7 594

1 70

32 900

50 606

32 476

24 1,721

23 666

129 3,691

$354.0

76.0

-

-

430.0

365.8

38.4

107.0

61.8

573.0

294.7

188.8

119.4

92.2

695.1

938.2

230.5

-

157.1

1,325.S 397.8

55.0

76.0

37.0

565.6

929.4

681.2

96.5

19.0

1,726.l 3,279.g 1,269.g

396.9 367.1

$5,315.8

MINISTRY COSTS

~ ~ INSPECTION AND

CONSTRUCTION MAINTENANCE

$000

$59.0 I -

59.0

9.2

3.0

20.0

11.0

43.2

3.0

7.5

25.7

21.9

56.1

76.8

39.3

23.3

19.1

156.5

7.3

1.5

31.7

1.2

41.7

37.4

6.3

47.4

2.5

93.6

192.7 57.6

148.1

55.7

$454.1

1 Forest Service structure classes:

P Permanent: Any bridge having all of Its major components constructed of steel, concrete. or timber that has been pressure-treated with

a sultable preservative. SP Semi-Permanent: Any bridge having a substantla proportion of Its components constructed of steel, concrete, or timber that has been

pressure-treated with a wtable preservative.

T Temporary: Any bridge hawng most of Its components constructed of untreated wood.

MC Major Culverts: A mlmmum diameter of 1,800 mm. 2 Includes replacement structures.

3 As approved under “maIn access” policy, with cost reflected in the calculation of stumpage.

4 Includes works approved under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, and the Emergency Bark Beetle Program.

5 March 31. 1993. Includes transfers to and from other government agencies, and private ownership, deletions and closures. 6 Licensee costs not Included.

106


CUTBLOCKS REQUIRING INSPECTIONS

INSPECTIONS COMPLETED

CATEGORY

Major Licence 973 1,643

SBFEP3 569 1,558

1,642 3.201

Major Licence 1,350 2,011

SBFEP 545 1,656

1,895 3,667

Major Licence 1,218 2352

SBFEP 510 1,452

1,728 3,604


SBFEP 614 1,971

1,672 5,011

Major Licence 539 1,350

SBFEP 285 932

624 2,262


SBFEP 754 2,121

2,906 5,772

Mejor Licence 7,292

3,277

10,569

14,047

9,690

23,737

TABLE C-12: MONITORING ACTIVITIES IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

ACTIVITY

REGION

Cariboo

SUB-TOTALS

Kamloops

SUB-TOTALS

Nelson

SUB-TOTALS

Prince George

SUB-TOTALS

Prince Rupert

SUB-TOTALS

Vancouver

SUB-TOTALS

SUB-TOTALS

TOTALS

QUALITY CHECKS COMPLETED’

CASES OF NON- COMPLIANCE

REQUIRING REMEDIAL

ACTION*

137

130

267

156

160

316

53

38

91

135 ~

113

246

138 170

109 78

247 246

247 62

86 50

333 112

68 61

50 22

116 63

314

242

666

1,060

777

1,637

717

313

1,030

1,196

614

1,612

1 Quality checks are conducted by a forest officer’s supervisor, to conflrm the quality of field inspections.

2 In cases of noncompliance. the Ministry of Forests imposes remedies on the licensee to comply with operational standards.

3 Small Business Forest Enterprise Program.

107

TABL

E E-

2:

NUM

BER

AND

CAUS

ES

OF

WIL

DFIR

ES

IN

1992

/93,

BY

CA

USE,

BY

FO

REST

RE

GION

REGI

ON

CARI

BOO

KAM

LOOP

S NE

LSON

PR

INCE

GE

ORGE

PR

INCE

RU

PERT

VA

NCO

UVER

TO

TALS

’

1992

/93

CAUS

E

Ligh

tnin

g 53

8

Recr

eatio

n1

32

Railr

oads

2

Smok

ers

Brus

h bu

rnin

gs

Cons

truct

ion3

16

1

Indu

stria

l” 77

Arso

n 22

Misc

ella

neou

s kn

own

caus

es

Unko

wn

caus

es

6

TOTA

LS5

838

1 Ca

mpe

rs,

hunt

ers,

fis

hers

, et

c

2 Ex

cludin

g ra

Ilway

or

rlg

hts~

of~w

ay

clear

ing.

lo-Y

EAR

lo-Y

EAR

lo-Y

EAR

lo-Y

EAR

lo-Y

EAR

lo-Y

EAR

IO-Y

EAR

AV

ERAG

E 19

92/9

3 AV

ERAG

E 19

92/9

3 AV

ERAG

E 19

92/9

3 AV

ERAG

E 19

92/9

3 AV

ERAG

E 19

92/9

3 AV

ERAG

E 19

92/9

3 AV

ERAG

E

188 31

3

29

27 8

64

71 8 3

432

604 82

18

-

139 78

44

15

980

num

ber

of

wild

fires

364 87

22

53 8

13

88

25

13 8

681

528 37

5

55

42

26 4

697

389 50

7

30 1 9

55

11

501 43

4 - 73

78

16

282 46

7

18

12 6

99

30

6 -

10

4 16

6

562

731

516

67

89

29

34

3 2

- 13

- 1

39

8

35

58

10

12

- 6

7 4

190

227

106 70

8

54

78

48 5

369

132 89

11

44

- 14

87

10

12 5

404

2,34

4 293 40

521

388

166 53

3,80

5

1,44

4 337 52

181 49

58

450

157 54

30

2,81

2

3 Ro

ad,

powe

r. ph

one,

pip

eline

, an

d rig

hts-

of-w

ay

cons

truct

ion

4 Ti

mbe

r ha

tves

tmg.

m

lnmg

and

othe

r In

dust

ries.

5 Fi

gure

s m

ay

not

add

due

to

roun

ding.


, TABLE E-3: AREA BURNED BY WILDFIRES1 IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION .~

MERCHANTABLE IMMATURE TIMBER TIMBER TIMBER OTHER COVER TOTALS

lo-YEAR lo-YEAR lo-YEAR lo-YEAR 1992/93 AVERAGE 1992/93 AVERAGE 1992/93 AVERAGE 1992/93 AVERAGE

hectares

~ REGION

Cariboo 247 901 25 525 726 1,208 998 2,634

Kamloops 878 848 361 440 1,185 12,994 2,424 2,588

Nelson 300 3,835 39 1,756 725 16,578 1,064 7,140

Prince George 3,904 11,709 3,532 7,244 5,779 18,339 13,215 37,293 ~

Prince Rupert 6,061 5,999 1,111 289 4,236 3,612 11,408 9,900

Vancouver 401 1,195 353 695 589 1,187 1,343 3,077

TOTALS2 11,791 24,487 5,421 10,949 13,240 53,919 30,452 62,630 -

1 Includes wrldfires on not satisfactorrly restocked forest land, noncommerical forest land, grazing land, and non-productive sites.

~ 2 Figures may not add due to rounding.

( TABLE E-4: TIMBER BURNED BY WILDFIRES’ IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

~- MERCHANTABLE IMMATURE TIMBER TIMBER TIMBER2

I ‘OOOm3

REGION

Cariboo 90.7 1.2

Kamloops 166.5 18.0

Nelson 75.5 2.3

Prince George 1,230.8 229.6

Prince Rupert 745.7 51.6

Vancouver 58.0 61.4

TOTALS 2,3%7.2 364.1

1 Forest cover loss report by region before salvage. Burned timber is salvaged wherever possrble.

~ 2 Estimates. Based on species, and generalized information on age and site. Assumes complete mortality.

TOTALS

91.9

184.5

77.8

1,460.4

797.3

119.4

2,731.3

109


TABLE F-3: GRAZING PERMITS AND LICENCES IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

PERMITS AND LICENCES AUTHORIZED LIVESTOC-ii

NUMBER AUTHORIZED USED CAlTLE HORSES SHEEP

AUMl

REGION

Cariboo 626 348,872 328,524 69,772 3,687

Kamloops 492 359,821 352,986 73,653 317

Nelson 259 87,919 84,667 17,987 777

Prince George 464 155,858 143,197 40,293 3,248

Prince Rupert 193 31,626 29,652 9,059 956

Vancouver 26 2,856 2,731 138 16

TOTALS 2,060 966,952 941,767 210,902 9,001

1 AUM or animal unit month is the amount of forage required for one month by an average beef cow, aged SIX months or older

1,524

7,220

4,849

10,666

2,083

-

26,342

TABLE F-4: HAY-CUTTING PERMITS AND LICENCES IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

PERMITS AND LICENCES NUMBER AUTHORIZED

tonnes

USED

REGION

Carlboo 95 1,817 1,807

Kamloops 3 106 106

Nelson 2 36 36

Prince George 16 247 247

Prince Rupert 7 140 140

Vancouver -

TOTALS 123 2,346 2,336

110


’ TABLE F-5: RANGE IMPROVEMENTS1 ON CROWN LAND IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

SEEDING

GRASSLAND DISTURBED REHABILITATION FOREST LAND* FENCING3

hectares kilometres

REGION

Cariboo 24.0 10.0 87.0

Kamloops 3,255.0 20.0

Nelson 1,980.O 20.0 23.0

Prince George 1,200.o 386.0 107.0

Prince Rupert 862.0 7.2

Vancouver - 0.6

TOTALS 6,459.0 1,276.0 244.6

1 Excludes improvement funded wholly by FRDA II, and by private sources.

2 Includes seeding of clearcuts.

3 Includes repair, maintenance and construction of fences.

4 Control of knapweed. thistle, etc.

5 Includes repair, maintenance and development of water sources.

6 Includes repair, maintenance and development of trails. corrals, cattleguards, etc.

NA = Not Available

WEED CONTROL4

hectares

11.2

NA

-

43.7

7.0

0.8

62.7

WATER DEVELOPMENT5 OTHER6

(

numbers

11 9

1 20

15 7

16 11

5

43 52

TABLE F-6: AVERAGE COST1 OF RANGE IMPROVEMENTS2 ON CROWN LAND IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

IMPROVEMENT SEEDINGS FENCING’ WEED CONTROL5

TOTAL BY TOTAL BY TOTAL BY ACTIVITY MINISTRY ACTIVITY MINISTRY ACTIVITY MINISTRY

~-.-

$/ha $/km $/ha

REGION

Cariboo $172 $160 $3,075 $1,413 $4,280 4,280

Kamloops 13 13 1,144 832 NA NA

Nelson 21 20 1,225 528

Prince George 84 22 1,495 824 1,122 1,122

Prince Rupert 65 65 12,254 7,934

Vancouver - - 600 600 1,000 1,000

1 Based on funds from the Range Management Program, other ministry programs, and other sources (on cost-sharing projects).

2 Excludes improvements funded exclusively by non-ministry sources, and FRDA II.

3 Combines grassland rehabilitabon. and seeding of disturbed forest land, mainly clearcuts.

4 Constructron of new fences.

5 Includes containment of knapweed. thistle and other weeds.

NA = Not Available

111

TABL

E F-

7a:

RECR

EATI

ON

SITE

AN

D TR

AIL

USE

IN

1992

/93,

BY

FO

REST

RE

GION

TYPE

REGI

ON

RECR

EATI

ON

SITE

S IN

TERP

RETI

VE

FORE

ST

SITE

S’

RECR

EATI

ON

TRAI

LS

HERI

TAG

E TR

AllS

*

NUM

BER

VISI

TS3

NUM

BER4

VI

SITS

5 NU

MBE

R6

LENG

TH

KM

VISI

TS3

NUM

BER’

LE

NGTH

KM

VI

SITS

5

Carib

oo

163

201,

000

5 -

37

570

22,0

00

1 35

0 -

Kam

loop

sR

365

531,

000

13

92

1,32

0 17

3,00

0 1

38

Nelso

n 26

7 19

8,00

0 12

-

172

1,26

0 11

3,00

0 2

70

-

Prin

ce

Geor

ge

273

261,

000

15

76

1,16

0 58

,000

-

-

Prin

ce

Rupe

rt”

90

69,0

00

10

- 47

48

0 39

,000

-

Vanc

ouve

r 20

3 52

5,00

0 23

-

117

480

136,

000

1 12

TOTA

LS

1,38

1 1,7

85,Q

OO

78

- 54

1 5,

270

541,

000

5 47

0 -

1 Int

erpr

etwe

Fore

st Si

tes

are

outdo

or cla

ssro

oms

for

dlscu

sslon

s ab

out

fore

st res

ource

s an

d m

anag

emen

t.

2 He

ritage

tra

ils

are

trails

de

stgna

ted

unde

r the

He

ritage

Co

nserv

ation

Ac

t an

d m

anag

ed

by

the

MinI

stry

of

Fore

sts

throu

gh

a 19

87

Mem

oran

dum

of

Ag

reem

ent

betw

een

the

MinI

stry

of

Fore

sts

and

the

Mini

stry

of

Tour

ism,

and

Mlnl

stry

Resp

onsib

le fo

r Cu

lture

.

3 Es

timat

es

base

d pn

man

ly on

fie

ld su

rveys

.

4 Es

timat

es

base

d pr

imar

ily

on

“An

Inven

tory

and

Prell

mm

ary

Clas

slflca

tlon

of

Fore

stry

Dem

onstr

ation

Ar

eas

In

6.

C.,”

Mini

stry

of

Fore

sts,

1988

.

5 No

da

ta av

aIlab

le.

6 Fo

rest

Servi

ce

recre

ation

tra

ils

mak

e up

on

ly a

small

pe

rcenta

ge

of

the

man

y tra

ils

which

ca

n be

fou

nd

throu

ghou

t B.

C.‘s

public

fo

rest

lands

. Fig

ures

inc

lude

only

those

tra

ils

that

m

eet

Fore

st Se

rwce

cri

teria

of

“acti

ve

and

man

aged

.”

7 So

me

henta

ge

trails

ex

tend

acro

ss

fore

st re

gion

boun

dane

s. Th

ese

trails

are

sh

own

in the

fo

rest

regio

n wh

ere

the

majo

rity

of

the

trail

is loc

ated.

8 No

da

ta av

ailable

fo

r re

creati

on

site

and

trail

use

due

to

staff

and

time

cons

traint

s -

1991

/92

figur

es

reus

ed.


TABLE F-7b: DISPERSED RECREATION USE IN B. C’S PUBLIC FOREST LANDS IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION1

AREA TYPE

REGION

ROADEDAREAS* ROADLESS AREAS3 WILDERNESS AREAS4

HA VISITS HA VISITS NUMBER HA VISITS5

‘000 ‘000

Cariboo 5,000 1,700 2,500 800 - - -

Kamloops 5,000 5,200 1,300 2,400 2 43 -

Nelson 4,000 3,100 2,200 1,000 1 68 -

Prince George

Prince Rupert

Vancouver

TOTALS

9,000 2,200 19,000 900 - - -

4,000 1,700 19,000 1,500 1 19 -

5,000 13,800 5,500 7,000 - - -

32,000 27,700 49,500 13,600 4 130 -

1 Dispersed recreaton includes all forest recreation (e.g., hiking. kayaking, wildlife viewing) that occurs outside of facility areas (e.g., sites and trails).

Figures based primarmy on “Outdoor Recreation Survey 1989/90.” Minisby of Forests, 1991.

2 Areas within 9. C.‘s public forest lands within 1 km of a two-wheel drive road. These areas make up the Roaded Resource and Rural classes of the

Recreation Opportunity Spectrum classification system.

3 Areas wlthln B.C.‘s public forest lands further than 1 km from a two-wheel drive road, at least 1,000 ha in size, and essentially unmodified by human

activity. These areas make up the Primitive, Semi-Primitive Non-Motorized. and Semi-Primitive Motorized classes of the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum

classification system.

4 Areas within provincial forests designated as Wilderness Areas under the Forest Act.

5 No data available.

113


TABLE G-3: PROVINCIAL SILVICULTURE PROGRAMS 1992/93 ACCOMPLISHMENTS1 ON CROWN LAND FUNDED BY THE MINISTRY, BY FOREST REGION

REGION CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON

SILVICULTURE ACTIVITY

Surveying

Preparing sites

Planting

Brushing'

Spacing

Fertilizing

Pruning

Other3

TOTALS

Seedlings planted

110,966 128,919 111,831

9,356 8,660 3,062

9,117 13,554 7,695

5,123 5,202 7,199

12,588 4,754 2,500

822 698 1,043

4 294 31

39 19 132

148,015 162,100 133,494

9,490 14,967 7,320

PRINCE GEORGE

hectares

PRINCE RUPERT VANCOUVER TOTALS’

139,051 74,716 72,636 638,118

12,816 2,306 1,230 37,430

19,559 7,144 2,644 59,713

15,069 5,266 7,088 44,948

1,780 2,648 2,298 26,568

679 - 3,242

22 12 300 663

478 179 1,250 2,097

169,463 92,271 67,445 612,779

'000

23,162 6,606 1,676 63,619

1 Includes accomplishments under the Current Reforestation sub-program (ministry fire and pest), Industry and MInIstry Outstanding Obligations

sub-programs, the Prowncral Incremental sub-program, and the Community Forestry Program.

2 Includes activities prevrously called comfer release.

3 Includes commercial thinning, controlling mrstletoe, and falling snags and residual trees.

4 Figures may not add to rounding.

114


( TABLE G-4: SILVICULTURE ACCOMPLISHMENTS ON CROWN LAND IN 1992/93 FUNDED BY I THE PRIVATE SECTOR? BY FOREST REGION

PRINCE PRINCE I REGION CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER TOTALS

hectares

SILVICUMURE ACTIVITY

Surveying 15,174 13,104 6,526 35,763 21,559 31,247 123,373

Preparing sites 14,430 14,317 6,801 36,647 9,029 3,743 84,967

Planting 8,451 14,949 8,672 37,951 16,525 21,071 107,619

Brushing* 1,281 1,098 740 4,856 679 1,338 9,992

Spacing - 126 - - 5 131

Fertilizing 22 - - 41 63

Pruning - - - - - - -

Other3 - - - - - - -

TOTALS’ 39,336 43,616 22,739 115,217 47,792 57,445 326,145

‘000

Seedlings planted 12,156 19,439 10,726 49,453 22,165 15,275 129,236

1 Includes reported silwculture activities on areas denuded by kensees after October 1. 1987. voluntary treatments by licensees, and activities on

royalty-bearing lands.

2 Includes actiwties previously called conifer release.

3 Includes controlling mistletoe, and falling snags and residual trees.

4 Figures may not add to rounding.

115


TABLE G-5: SILVICULTURE ACCOMPLISHMENTS UNDER THE FOREST ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM1 AND OTHER NON-MINISTRY FUNDED PROGRAMS IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION


CARIBDO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER TOTALS

hectares


Surveying - 88 28 - 524 57 697

Preparing sites 125 - 121 - 23 4 273

Planting - 2 1 - - 12 15

Brushing2 2 217 149 440 61 602 1,471

Spacing 222 834 346 301 284 106 2,093

Fertilizing - - - - - 12 12

Pruning 72 370 36 - 169 184 831

Other3 116 - - - - - 116

TOTALS 537 1,511 681 741 1,061 977 5,508

'000

Seedlings planted 2 1 10 13

1 The Forest Enhancement Program is funded by the Ministry of Social Services. Other non-ministry funded programs include federal job creation programs

and prownclal correctlons programs.

2 Includes actlwtles previously called conifer release.

3 Includes controlllng mistletoe. and falling snags and residual trees.

116


TABLE G-6: TOTAL SILVICULTURE ACCOMPLISHMENTS ON CROWN LAND FUNDED BY ALL SOURCES1

REGION

IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

CARIBOO


Surveying

Preparing sites

Planting

Brushing*

Spacing

Fertilizing

Pruning

Other3

TOTALS’

134,128

28,921

17,990

6,406

14,585 822

101

2,205 205,158

Seedlings planted 22,233

1 Includes accomplishments under:

KAMLOOPS

146,461

25,535 30,426

6,557

7,202 720

869

19

217,789

37,188

NELSON PRINCE PRINCE GEORGE RUPERT

hectares

VANCOUVER TOTALS’

126,692 181,916

12,709 54,063 17,600 62,346

8,361 20,466

6,663 3,802 1,043 679

385 22

132 478 173,586 323,772

103,847

11,800

27,215 6,028

3,882 -

393

179

153,344

‘000

19,604 79,947 33,657 16,361 210,866

Provrncral Silviculture Programs (Table G-3) Canada B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resource Development (FRDA II) (Jab/e G-7)

Small Business Forest Enterprise Program (Jab/e L-5)

South Moresby Forest Replacement Account (Table M-2)

Forest Enhancement Program and other non-ministry funded programs (Jab/e G-5) Private sector (Table G-4)

2 Includes actrvitres prevrously called conifer release.

3 Includes commercial thinning, controlling mistletoe, and falling snags and residual trees.


117,538 810,581 ~

5,410 138,438

25,015 180,592

9,674 57,493

9,600 45,733

4,565 7,829

1,343 3,113

1,285 4,298

174,429 1,246,077

117


TABLE G-7: CANADA - B.C. PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT ON FOREST RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (FRDA II) ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

REGION PRINCE PRINCE CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER TOTALS

hectares


Surveys2 128 812 2,106 134 292 5,941

Spacing 1,679 1,123 2,527 1,721 950 5,843

Fertilizing - - - 4,512

Pruning 25 205 318 212 847

TOTALS 1,832 2,140 4,951 1,855 1,454 17,143

1 Includes all s~lwulture accomplishments funded under the Canada B.C. Partnership Agreement on Forest Resources Development

(FRDA II). Activities are conducted under the superwon of the minIstry and Ilcensees.

2 Surveys to plan for fertilizing. pruning and spacing activlttes.

9,413

13,843

4,512

1,607

29,375

118

TABL

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1992

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- - - - - - - -

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TYPE

=+

OF

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TS

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NS

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#

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om

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719

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I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I


I I I I r-cum 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I




I I I I t-daJ.4 I I I I I I I I I I I I I

IIII (u ““EC?4 I I I I I I I I I I I I I

127

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OWN

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AND

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ay

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due

to

roun

dlng.


TABLE G-9: PREPARING SITES’ FOR PLANTING AND NATURAL REGENERATION ON CROWN LAND IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION


CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER TOTALS

hectares

TREATMENT

Broadcast burn

Spot burn

Broadcast mechanical

Spot mechanical

Broadcast chemical

Spot chemical

Grass seeding2

Other treatments3

TOTALS

3,246

3,537

14,402

1,305

1,151 -

3,991

1,289

25,921

1,600 2,263 588

2,177 501 6.412

18,802 6,492 40.556

1,138 996 3,924

104 295 2.321

3 907 13

205 251 43

1,506 1,004 206

25,535 12,709 54,063

535

479

8,244

650

15 -

343

1,534

11,800

784 9,016

1,577 14,683

176 88,672

1,054 9,067

1,534 5,420

149 1,072

109 4,942

27 5,566

5,410 135,435

1 Includes accomplishments under all sources of funding.

2 includes grass seeding of roads, landlngs and cutblocks.

3 Includes cable or machine knockdown of trees higher than three meters.

129


TABLE G-10: AREA PLANTED IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION, BY RESPONSIBILITY

REGION CARIBOO

RESPONSIEILITY

A. Crown land

Tree farm licencez

Woodlot licence

Timber supply area3

Licensee4

Ministry5

SUB-TOTALS

B. Private land

Tree farm licence6

Managed forest land units7

Others

SUB-TOTALS

TOTALS

1,907

12

7,262

8,809

17,990

-

17,990

KAMLOOPS NELSON

4,452

12,974 6,366 34,769 15,423 13,910 90,704

13,000 7,452 21,814 9,587 2,691 63,353

30,426 17,600 62,346 27,216 26,015 160,592

30,426

3,776 5,659 2,205 8,397 26,395

7 104 - 17 140

-

1,941

-

1,941

19,541

- - 373 373

-

-

-

-

62,346 27,216

1,219 3,160

698 698

2,290 4,231

27,305 164,623

PRINCE PRINCE GEORGE RUPERT

hectares

VANCOUVER TOTALS

1 Frgures may not add due to roundrng

2 On Crown land harvested after October 1. 1987. planting IS paid for by the licensee. On Crown lands denuded prror to October 1, 1987, planting is

funded by the mrn~stry. but IS Implemented by the licensee.

3 Includes Crown land wrthrn timber supply areas. excluding tree farm Ilcences. woodlot licences. farm leases, federal lands, and First Nations reserves.

c On Crown lands wrthrn timber supply areas harvested after October 1, 1987. planting IS pald for by the licensee.

5 For areas denuded after January 1. 1988. under the Small Business Forest Enterprise Program, plantrng 1s funded through the Small Busrness Forest

Enterprise Account, and implemented by the ministry

For areas denuded under the Small Business Enterprise Program prior to January 1. 1988, plantrng IS funded and Implemented by the minkstry For

areas denuded prior to October 1, 1987 but after 1982, planting is funded by the mlmstry and implemented by the kensee. The mInIstry is responsible

for all areas denuded prror to 1982

6 Includes private land wlthrn tree farm kences.

- Includes prrvate land wthrn managed forest land units, but outside tree farm kences.

e Includes private land outsrde tree farm lkences and managed forest land units.

130


TABLE G-11: TREES PLANTED IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION, BY RESPONSIBILITY

RESPONSIBILITY

A. Crown land

Tree farm licencez

Woodlot licence

Timber supply area3

Licensee4

Ministry5

SUB-TOTALS

6. Private land

Tree farm licencee

Managed forest land units7

Others

SUB-TOTALS

TOTALS

CARIBOO KAMLOOPS NELSON

2,524 5,239 4,388 8,180 1,806 6,695 28,831

11 - 5 126 - 17 159

-

10,420 17,030 7,732 45,109 21,236 9,208 110,734

9,278 14,920 7,479 26,532 10,515 2,440 71,164

22,233 37,188 19,604 79,947 33,557 18,361 210,888 )

- - - -

-

33,557

702 702

-

--

22,233 37,188

2,237

-

2,237

21,941 79,947

1,120 3,357

658 658

2,480 4,717

20,841 215,606

‘000 seedlings

PRINCE PRINCE GEORGE RUPER7 VANCOUVER TOTALS ~

1 Figures may not add due to roundrng.

2 On Crown land harvested after October 1, 1987, planting is pard for by the licensee. On Crown lands denuded pr’or to October 1, 1987, planting IS

funded by the ministry, but IS Implemented by the licensee.

3 Includes Crown land within timber supply areas, excluding tree farm licences. woodlot licences. farm leases, federal lands, and First Natrons reserves.

4 On Crown lands within timber supply areas harvested after October 1, 1987, plantrng is paid for by the kensee.

5 For areas denuded after January 1, 1988. under the Small Susrness Forest Enterprise Program, planting IS funded through the Small Busrness Forest

Enterprise Account, and Implemented by the ministry.

For areas denuded under the Small Business Enterprise Program prior to January 1, 1988, planting IS funded and implemented by the mrnrstry. For

areas denuded prior to October 1. 198T but after 1982, plantrng IS funded by the ministry and implemented by the licensee. The mrnistry is responsrble for all areas denuded prror to 1982.

6 Includes private land wrthrn tree farm kences.

r Includes private land wrthrn managed forest land units, but outside tree farm licences.

8 Includes private land outside tree farm lrcences and managed forest land unrts.

131


TABLE G-12: TREES PLANTED1 ON CROWN LAND IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION, BY SPECIES

1 REGION CARIBOD

SPECIES

Birch

Cedar, western redcedar

Cedar, yellow (Cypress)

Cottonwood, black”

Douglas-fir4

Fir, amabilis

Fir, grand

Fir, noble

Fir, Subalpine5

Hemlock, mountain

Hemlock, western

Larch, westerns

Pine, lodgepole

Pine, western white

Pine, yellow (Ponderosa)

Spruce, Engelmann and white

Spruce, Sitka

Spruce, species*

Willow

TOTALS2

-

-

-

-

2,194

-

-

-

18

-

-

10

11,443

-

-

3,295

5,272

-

22,233

KAMLOOPS NELSON

47

353

-

-

3,141

-

-

-

584

1

1

188

-

-

-

-

20

744

18,071

14

123

-

94

-

12

1,118

6,020

99

126

11,672 10,533

- -

3,003 826

- -

37,188 19,804

PRINCE GEORGE

000 seedlings

PRINCE RUPERT

-

9

-

-

854

-

-

-

23

-

734

5

-

71

615

-

-

10

28,320

-

-

-

711

69

1,709

12

19,036

-

34,451 572

- 198

16,256 9,826

24 -

79,947 33,557

VANCOUVER TOTALS2

-

5,580

623

-

4,042

2,224

288

39

-

61

3,326

5

187

40

36

47

7,261

628

1

10,489

2,838

288

39

846

130

5,067

1,899

83,077

153

285

899 61,422

910 1,108

103 35,285

- 24

18,381 210,888

1 Includes trees planted through all funding sources. (Table G-6) Estimates based on sowing request data

2 Figures may not add due to rounding

3 Includes poplar.

4 Includes coastal and lnterlor Douglas-fir.

5 Previously called alpine-fir.

6 Includes tamarack.

7 includes coastal and lnterlor lodgepole pane. and jack pine.

s Includes natural crosses between Sltka. Englemann and white spruce.

132


TABLE G-13: BRUSHING1 ON CROWN LAND IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

I REGION

I

TREATMENT

Manual2

Chemical

PRINCE PRINCE CAR1600 KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE RUPERT VANCOUVER

hectares

2,219 5,514 7,821 5,649 3,992 4,349

4,188 1,043 540 14,817 2,036 5,325

TOTALS’ 6,406 0,557

i Includes accomplrshments under all funding sources.

2 Includes activities previously called conifer release.


8,361 20,466 6,026 9,674

TOTALS

29,544

27,949 :

57,493

TABLE G-14: AVERAGE COST1 OF SILVICULTURE TREATMENTS ON CROWN LAND IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION



$/hectare

ACTIVITIES

Basic Silviculture

Surveying* $12 $12 $17 $14 $14 $14 $14

Preparing sites 358 443 464 368 497 569 411

Planting3 503 514 590 459 472 621 508

Brushing - manual 362 542 545 537 538 548 524

Brushing - chemical4 214 367 662 221 173 358 252

Spacings 436 692 677 - 356 - 464

Incremental Silviculture

Surveying6 13 11 22 14 19 18 17

Spacing 262 648 591 513 789 998 613

Fertilizing’ 108 134 200 185 - 137 145

Pruning 815 846 762 - 1,042 1,240 1,060

1 Based on Ministry of Forests and major licensee data for site operating costs (equipment, transportatron, and wages for crew and crew boss).

* Includes surveys for assessing site treatment, plantation survival, stocking, Pre-harvest SWxlture Prescriptions, and free-growing status. Excludes

reconnaissance and drainage surveys.

3 Excludes cost of seedlings.

4 Includes cost of herbicides.

5 Spacing required for stands to reach free-growing status.

a Surveys to plan for fertilizing, pruning and spacing actiwties.

7 Includes cost of fertrkzer.

133


~ TABLE G-15: SEED ADDITIONS, WITHDRAWALS AND INVENTORY IN 1992J93, BY SPECIES

ADDITIONS WITHDRAWALS SEED OWNERSHIP INVENTORY

SEED NATURAL ORCHARD MINISTRY

COLLECTIONS COLLECTIONS NURSERIES]

SPECIES

Alder, red 0.2

Cedar, western red 40.3

Cypress -

Douglas-fir 469.3

Fir, amabilis 1,073.6

Fir, grand 9.9

Fir, subalpine 573.4

Hemlock, mountain 14.7

Hemlock, western 46.5

Larch, western 68.1

Pine, lodgepole 1,350.8

Pine, ponderosa 352.9

Pine, white 6.1

Spruce, Srtka -

Spruce, species3 395.7

Miscellaneous4 72.6

TOTALS 4,474.I

1 For sowlng of seedlings prImarMy I” 1993

-

0.7

-

170.5

-

-

-

-

82.1

-

2.6

-

-

2.2

99.1

-

357.2

2 For drect seedlng. seed sales, public relations. and export

-

5.1

-

44.6

-

-

-

0.1

0.4

0.2

93.6

14.0

2.6

0.3

85.7

0.2

246.6

PRIVATE & LICENSEE

NURSERIES1 OTHER2

kilograms

MINISTRY PRIVATE

- 0.1 0.1 2.4 2.5

47.0 4.6 302.0 290.6 592.6

7.3 0.2 6.0 58.9 64.9

366.2 44.5 9,607.l 3,863.3 13,470.4

718.0 20.4 2,235.6 2,471.5 4,707.l

16.2 5.3 648.3 213.1 861.4

68.2 6.0 1,181.4 406.7 1,588.l

0.4 0.2 115.3 82.6 197.9

42.3 1.8 419.7 445.0 864.7

38.7 1.5 461.6 250.8 712.4

618.7 15.0 5,062.8 3,983.g 9,046.7

142.1 16.8 743.0 727.3 1,470.3

31.8 0.8 117.2 423.8 541.0

9.0 1.2 628.2 164.2 792.4

581.4 7.8 14,527.g 4,943.3 19,471.2

7.3 1.6 77.0 51.5 :128.5

2,694.6 127.6 36,133.2 16,376.g 54,512.l

FlNAL INVENTORY

3 includes natural crosses between Sltka. Engelmann and white spruce.

4 Includes exotic and some native species which are pending registration.

134


TABLE G-16: AREA AFFECTED BY MAJOR FOREST INSECTS IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

TYPE BARK BEETLES1 INSECT DEFOLIATORS

hectares

TOTALS2

REGION

Cariboo 3,370 182,470 185,840

Kamloops 24,650 576,320 600,970

Nelson 14,009 53,372 67,381

Prince George 136,930 284,000 420,930

Prince Rupert 3,215 - 3,215

Vancouver 1,572 21,145 22,717

TOTALS 163,746 $117,307 1,301,053

1 Area affected is estimated from aerial survey in 1992.

2 Best avallable estimates of current area affected are compiled from Ministry of Forests and Canadian Forest Service data. Although many more Insects

and diseases are endemic throughout most forests, detailed measures of the intensity of Infestation are not available.

1 TABLE G-17: TIMBER DAMAGED BY FOREST INSECTS AND DISEASES1 IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION -

! BARK INSECT DWARF ROOT TYPE BEETLES DEFOLIATORS MISTLETOESZ DISEASES2 TOTALS3

‘OOOm3

REGION

Cariboo 58 779 350 221 1,408

Kamloops 432 2,494 260 224 3,410

Nelson 246 231 98 58 633

Prince George 2,401 1,229 262 529 4,421

Prince Rupert 56 - 315 73 444

Vancouver 26 92 355 262 735

TOTALS 3,219 4,825 1,640 1,367 11,051

1 Volumes lost to decay in forests exceeding 100 years of age are not included. This is estimated at 10 million cubic metres per year. Nursery and

~ regeneration losses due to Insects and diseases are also not Included.

* Estimates are for losses occurring on the net land base.

, 3 Best available estimates of current area affected are compiled from Ministry of Forests and Canadian Forest Service data.

135


TABLE L-2: BILLED STUMPAGE REVENUE1 FROM THE SMALL BUSINESS FOREST ENTERPRISE PROGRAM IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

TOTAL STUMPAGE

UPSET BONUS TOTAL ASA VOLUME STUMPAGE STUMPAGE STUMPAGE % OF UPSET BILLED2 BILLED’ BILLED’ BILLED STUMPAGE

OOOm3 $000 %

REGION

Cariboo 1,286 $13,534 $7,590 $21,125 156

Kamloops 1,324 12,966 5,514 18,480 143

Nelson 1,009 7,651 4,579 12,230 160

Prince George 2,868 38,696 12,692 51,388 133

Prince Rupert 1,487 16,168 7,898 24,066 149

Vancouver 2,447 25,523 19,040 44,563 175

TOTALS” 10,421 $114,539 $57,312 $171,851 150

1 Stumpage billed during 1992/93 does not include accruals.

* Excludes flrmwood rejects and waste.

3 Appraised price of timber.

4 Bonus bid for timber, in addition to upset stumpage.

s Figures may not add due to rounding.

, TABLE L-3: SMALL BUSINESS FOREST ENTERPRISE PROGRAM IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION I

REGISTRANTS’

~~ CAT. l2 CAT. 23 CAT. 1

number

SALES

CAT. 2

REGION

Cariboo 235 33 155

Kamloops 338 77 250

Nelson 201 61 97

Prince George 298 35 145

Prince Rupert 259 36 106

Vancouver 488 103 121

TOTALS 1,819 345 874

1 On March 31. 1993.

2 Category 1: Registrants who do not own or lease a timber processing facility.

3 Category 2: Registrants who own or lease a timber processing faclllty

4 Tendered volume.

5 Value based on upset price at time of sale, plus bonus bid, If any.

24

43

38

20

23

19

187

-

OTHER

30

141

6

30

5

30

242

VOLUME

SOLD4 VALUE5

OOOm3 $000 ~ -~

836 $19,243

958 20,068

864 15,814

2,131 48,392

858 17,062

1,943 45,221 I

7,590 $185,800

136


TABLE L-4: AUDIT REPORT ON SMALL BUSINESS FOREST ENTERPRISE PROGRAM’S BASIC SILVICULTURE PERFORMANCE ON CROWN LAND IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

BASIC SILVICULTURE ~READECLARED IN PROGRESS FREE GROWING

FREE FREE GROWING GROWING NOT LIKELY

LIKELY

AUDIT NUMBER TOTAL AREA

REGION

Cariboo

Kamloops

Nelson

Prince George

Prince Ruoert

Vancouver

TOTALS

TOTALS

Random

Targeted

Random

Targeted

Random

Targeted

Random

Targeted

Random

Targeted

Random

Targeted

TYPE* OF AUDITS

#

30

-

67

-

-

-

44

-

23

Targeted

-

21

19

185

19

204

AUDITED

1,127

-

1,721

-

-

-

2,534

-

1,100

-

437

559

6,919

559

7,476

hectares # hectares

1,127

-

1,454

-

- - - -

267

-

- -

15 -

- - - -

-

2,214

-

1,070

-

435

554

6,300

554

6,654

-

320

-

30

- -

17 -

- -

1 -

-

1

5

616

5

623

2 -

3 -

35

3

36

AFFECTED AFFECTED % OF NOT AREA OBLIGATIONS ACCEPTED TARGET ACCEPTED

%

- -

-

-

- -

-

-

hectares

- -

-

- -

-

-

-

- -

-

* Random audits are conducted to determine the overall performance of the program. Targeted audits are conducted to evaluate PerfOrmanCe on potential

oroblem sates.

137


TABLE L-5: SILVICULTURE ACCOMPLISHMENTS ON CROWN LAND FUNDED BY THE SMALL BUSINESS FOREST ENTERPRISE PROGRAM1 IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION



hectares


Surveying

Preparing sites

Planting

Brushing

Spacing*

Fertilizing

Pruning

Other3

TOTALS

Seedlings planted

7,860 3,538 6,201 6,968 6,756 7,650 38,973

5,010 2,558 2,725 4,600 442 433 15,768

420 1,921 1,232 4,836 3,546 1,288 13,243

- 40 273 101 22 646 1,082

96 365 1,289 - - - 1,750 - - - - -

- - - - - - -

2,050 - - - - 35 2,085 15,436 8,422 11,720 16,505 10,766 10,052 72,901

'000

585 2,780 1,557 7,332 4,566 1,201 16,021

1 Includes all srlviculture accomplrshments funded through the Small Business Forest Enterprise Account. Includes silviculture activrties on areas denuded

under the program after January 1, 1988. Srlviculture activitces are carried out under the supervisron of the mrnrstry.

2 Includes spacing of young conrfers, and the falling of diseased and damaged trees.

3 Includes commercral thinning, controllrng of mistletoe, and fallrng snags and residual trees.

TABLE M-2: SILVICULTURE ACCOMPLISHMENTS ON CROWN LAND FUNDED BY SOUTH MORESBY FOREST REPLACEMENT ACCOUNT1 IN 1992/93, BY FOREST REGION

REGION CARIBDD


Surveying

Preparing sites

Planting

Brushing

Spacing

Fertilizing

Pruning

Other

TOTALS

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

PRINCE KAMLOOPS NELSON GEORGE

hectares

PRINCE RUPERT

-

-

-

- -

-

-

VANCOUVER TOTALS

7 7

-

- -

-

1,348 1,348

12 12 - -

1,367 1,367

1 South Moresby National Park Reserve IS in the Vancouver Forest Region

138

GLOSSARY

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Allowable annual cut (MC) The average volume of timber that can be harvested annually from

a specific area, as determined by the chief forester in accordance with

Section 7 of the Forest Act.

Animal unit month (AUM) The amount of food or plant material eaten in one month by an

average-weight cow, aged six months or older.

Available volumes The portion of total inventory volumes that is available for harvesting

after all management constraints on timber harvesting have been

considered, including definition of the timber harvesting land base, age of tree merchantability, deferrals, and any other priorities or con-

straints on timber harvesting.

Biodiversity (biological diversity)

Brushing

Clearcutting

Clearcutting

with reserves

Coast

Commercial thinning

Conventional logging

Diversity of plants, animals and other living organisms in all their forms and levels of organization, including genes, species and ecosystems,

and the evolutionary and functional processes that link them.

A silviculture activity done by chemical, manual, grazing or mechanical

means to control competing forest vegetation, and to reduce competition with crop trees or seedlings for space, light, moisture and nutrients.

A silvicultural system that generally removes an entire stand or crop

of trees in a single harvest, creating a fully exposed area with a distinct

microclimate. The previous stand is replaced with an even-aged crop of

new trees, either through planting or natural regeneration.

A variation of the clearcutting system that retains a variable number of reserve trees, either uniformly or in small groups, for purposes other

than regeneration.

That geographic area west of the Cascade Mountains, as officially

delineated by the Cascade Mountains Administrative Line through British Columbia from Washington State to Alaska, including the lower

Fraser River area south of Hell’s Gate (south of Boston Bar), taking in

the Coquihalla, Silverhope and Skagit River drainages lying east of the

line, but excluding the portions of the Kalum Forest District and the

Cariboo Forest Region lying west of the line.

A partial cut in older, immature stands where trees have reached mer-

chantable size and value, carried out to provide an interim harvest while maintaining or restoring a high rate of growth on well-spaced final crop trees.

In the Interior, any combination of mechanical or hand-felling, and rubber-tired or tracked skidding equipment. On the Coast, cable logging.

140

Coppice

Critical wildlife habitat

Cutblock

Cutblock adjacency

guidelines

Cutting permit

Designated heritage trail

Designated wilderness

Diameter limit

Ecosystem

Even-aged stand

Fertilization

Fire season

Forage

An even-aged silvicultural system in which all trees in a forest stand are harvested, and regeneration is secured from sprouts or root suckers.

Part or all of a specific place occupied by a wildlife species or a population of such species, recognized as essential for the maintenance of the popu-

lation.

A specific area, with defined boundaries, authorized for harvest.

Integrated management guidelines that specify the desired spatial

relationship among cutblocks. They can be approximated by specifying the maximum allowable proportion of a forested landscape that does

not meet green-up requirements.

A legal document that authorizes the holder to harvest trees under a

licence issued by the Forest Service under the Forest Act.

A trail with provincial cultural or heritage significance that has been

designated under the Heritage Conservation Act.

A part of the provincial forest designated as wilderness area by order-in-council under authority of the Forest Act.

The removal of trees from a stand, based on the criterion of diameter.

Generally, trees of less than a predetetined diameter are 1eR unharvested.

A functional unit consisting of all the living organisms (plants, animals

and microbes) in a given area, and all of the non-living physical and chemical factors of their environment, linked together through

nutrient cycling and energy flow. An ecosystem can be of any size - a log,

pond, field or forest, or the earth’s biosphere - but it always functions as a whole unit. Ecosystems are commonly described according to their major type of vegetation.

A stand in which there are fewer than three distinct age classes of trees.

An age class is a range of ages within 20 per cent of the rotation length (i.e., if the rotation length is 100 years, appropriate age classes would

be 0 - 20 years, 21 - 40 years, etc.).

The application of fertilizer to promote tree growth on sites deficient in one or more soil nutrients.

The period April 15 to October 15, or any other period ordered by the

Lieutenant Governor-in-Council.

The food or plant material eaten by livestock when on Crown range.

141

GLOSSARY

Forest cover objectives

Forest cover type

Forest development plan

Forest health

Forest health treatments

Forest inventory

Forest licence

Forest resources

Forest type

Free growing

Desired distributions of areas by age or size class groupings. These

objectives can be used to reflect desired conditions for wildlife, watershed protection, visual quality and other integrated resource management

objectives.

The classification or label given to a forest stand, usually based on its tree species composition. Pure spruce stands and spruce-balsam mixed

stands are two examples.

An operational plan guided by the principles of integrated resource

management (the consideration of timber and non-timber values) that

details the logistics of timber development over a period of usually five years. Methods, schedules and responsibilities for accessing, harvesting,

renewing and protecting the resource are set out to enable site-specific

operations to proceed.

A forest condition that is naturally resilient to damage: characterized by biodiversity, it contains sustained habitat for timber, fish, wildlife and humans, and meets present and future resource management objectives.

The application of techniques to influence pest or beneficial organism

populations, mitigate damage, or reduce the risk of future damage to forest stands. Treatments can be either proactive (for example, spacing

trees to reduce risk of attack by bark beetles), or reactive (for example,

spraying with insecticides to treat outbreaks of gypsy moth).

A survey of forest area to determine such data as area condition, timber, volume and species for specific purposes such as planning, purchase,

evaluation, management or harvesting.

An agreement entered into under Part 3, Division 2 of the Forest Act. A

forest licence provides for the management and harvesting of Crown timber

from within a specific timber supply area, in accordance with an

approved allowable annual cut.

Resources or values associated with forest land, including but not limited to water, wildlife, fisheries, recreation, timber, range and heritage.

A group of forested areas or stands of similar composition which differ-

entiates it from other such groups.

An established seedling of an acceptable commercial species, meeting

a minimum height, that is free from growth-inhibiting brush, weed and

excessive tree competition.

142

GLOSSARY

Grazing fee

Green-up period

Group selection

Growing stock

Harvest pattern

Hydrologic green-up

Impact assessment

Incremental silviculture

Inoperable

Integrated resource management

Interior

The price charged for food or forage used by livestock or tenure holders

on Crown range in any year. Units of measure are the animal unit month

(AUM) or the metric tonne.

The time needed for a stand of trees to reach a desired density and height

to ensure maintenance of water quality, wildlife habitat, soil stability, or aesthetics.

A silvicultural system in which trees from a stand are removed and

regenerated in small groups. The size of each group or opening is nor- mally no larger than twice the height of a mature tree. The objective

of the group-selection system is to manage an entire block, or stand, as

a composite of various-aged groups.

The sum (by number, basal area, or volume) of trees in a forest or a

specified part of the forest.

The spatial distribution of cutblocks and reserve areas across the forested landscape.

The height and density a stand must reach to restore hydrologic conditions such as timing and quantity of water, to what they were before harvest.

A study of the effect of resource development on other resources and

other values, for example, social and economic values.

Treatments carried out to maintain or increase the yield and value of

forest stands, including spacing, pruning and fertilization.

Refers to areas having merchantable timber that cannot be harvested

economically using current harvest technology, because of some physical barrier, such as a hanging valley, and to areas containing small patches

of overmature timber surrounded by large areas of young stands.

The identification and consideration of all resource values, including social, economic and environmental needs, in land use and development

decision-making. It focuses on resource use, and land use and management,

and is based on a good knowledge of ecological systems, the capability of the land, and the mixture of possible benefits.

That geographic area east of the Cascade Mountains, as officially

delineated by the Cascade Mountains Administrative Line through British Columbia from Washington State to Alaska, including the por-

tions of the Kalum Forest District and Cariboo Forest Region lying west

of the line, but excluding the lower Fraser River area south of Hell’s Gate

(south of Boston Bar), taking in the Coquihalla, Silverhope and Skagit

River drainages lying east of the line.

143

GLOSSARY

Interpretive forest site

Karst

Licence to cut

Mature

Non-timber resource values

Not satisfactorily restocked

(NSR)

Old growth

A designated forest site and ancillary facilities developed by the Ministry of Forests to interpret, demonstrate or facilitate discussion of the natural

environment, forest practices, and resource management.

An irregular limestone region with sinks, underground streams, and

caverns.

An agreement under the Forest Act allowing a person who purchases or

occupies land, who does not otherwise have the right to harvest Crown

timber from the land, to cut and/or remove timber on the land.

In even-aged management, those trees or stands that are sufficiently

developed to be harvestable, and which are at or near rotation age (includes

overmature trees and stands if an over-mature class has not been recognized).

Values within the forest other than timber, which include but are not

limited to biological diversity, minerals, water quality and quantity, recreation and tourism, cultural and heritage values, and wilderness and aesthetic values.

Productive forest land that has failed to regenerate to acceptable stocking

standards for the area. If the expected regeneration delay (the period

of time between harvesting and the date by which an area is occupied by a specified minimum number of acceptable well-spaced trees) has not

elapsed, the land is defined as current NSR. If the expected delay has elapsed, the land is classified as backlog NSR.

A forest that contains live and dead trees of various sizes, species,

composition and age class structure. Old-growth forests, as part of a slowly

changing but dynamic ecosystem, include climax forests, but not sub-climax or mid-seral forests. The age and structure of old growth varies significantly

by forest type, and from one biogeoclimatic zone to another.

Old-growth management areas Areas that contain specific structural old-growth attributes, and which

are mapped out and treated as special management areas.

Operability

Partial cutting

The availability of an area for timber harvesting. Operability is determined using the terrain characteristics of the area, as well as the quality

and quantity of timber on the area.

A general term referring to silvicultural systems other than clearcutting, in which only selected trees are harvested. Partial-cutting systems

include seed tree, shelterwood, selection and coppice, plus diameter

limit and salvage harvesting operations.

144

GLOSSARY

Pre-harvest Silviculture

Prescription (PHSP)

Prescribed fire

Protected areas

Pulpwood agreement

Range fees

Regeneration

Regeneration delay

Riparian area

Rotation

Seed orchard

A site-specific plan to carry out a series of silviculture treatments, to a

free-growing state, consistent with integrated resource management

objectives set for the area.

The knowledgeable application of fire to a specific unit of land to meet

predetermined resource management objectives.

Areas such as provincial and federal designations, wilderness areas,

ecological reserves, and recreation areas that have protected designations according to federal and provincial statutes. Protected areas are land,

provincial wilderness conservancy, and freshwater or marine areas set aside to protect the province’s diverse natural and cultural heritage.

Protected areas are inalienable: the land and resources may not be sold,

and no industrial resource extraction or development is permitted. No mining, logging or oil and gas development will occur, and no hydro dams

will be located within protected areas, which are set aside to protect

recreational as well as natural and cultural heritage features.

An agreement entered into under Part 3, Division 6 of the Forest Act. A pulpwood agreement allows the holder of a wood-processing facility to

harvest Crown pulp timber, if sufficient quantities of raw material are

not available to the holder from other sources.

Fees charged for services provided to tenure holders or applicants as pro-

vided for under the Range Act regulations, and as detailed in a schedule

of fees and charges.

The renewal of a forest stand by seed from adjacent stands, or seed

deposited by wind, birds or animals, or by planting or direct seeding.

The maximum period of time between harvesting and the date by which

an area is occupied by a specified minimum number of well-spaced trees

of the preferred and acceptable species.

The land adjacent to the normal high-water line in a stream, river, lake,

pond or wetland, and extending to the portion of land that is influenced

by the presence of the adjacent ponded or channeled water. Riparian areas typically exemplify a rich and diverse vegetative mosaic reflecting the

influence of available surface water.

The period of years required to establish and grow timber crops to a

specified condition of maturity.

A plantation of specially selected trees that is managed for the produc-

tion of genetically improved seed.

145

GLOSSARY

Seed-tree system

Selection system

Selective logging

Shelterwood system

Silvicultural system

Single-tree selection

Site

Site preparation

Site productivity

Site sensitivity

Slash

An even-aged silvicultural system that leaves selected trees (seed trees)

standing after the initial harvest, to provide a seed source for natural regeneration. Seed trees can be left either uniformly distributed, or in

small groups. Although the reforestation is generally secured naturally,

it may be augmented by planting. Seed trees are often removed once regeneration is established.

A planned sequence of treatments designed to maintain and regenerate a stand with three or more age classes. There are two selection systems:

single-tree selection, and group selection.

The removal of trees from a stand with minimal regard for future timber

crops or silviculture planning. Selective logging is analogous to high grading, and should not be confused with the selection silvicultural system.

A silvicultural system in which mature trees are removed in a series of

cuttings designed to establish a new, even-aged stand under the shelter of remaining trees. Remaining mature trees provide protection, shelter,

and a source of seed for developing regeneration.

A planned cycle of activities by which a forest stand or group of trees is

harvested, regenerated and tended over time. Silvicultural systems used

in British Columbia are: clearcutting, seed tree, shelterwood and selection. The name of each system reflects the type of forest structure

created after harvest.

A silvicultural system in which new age classes are created by the removal

of individual trees of all size classes, more or less uniformly throughout the stand, to maintain an uneven-aged stand structure.

An area described or defined by its biotic, climatic and soil conditions in

relation to its capacity to produce vegetation; the smallest planning unit.

The treatment of the soil and ground vegetation to prepare the soil

surface as a favorable seedbed for either disseminated seed, or for planted

seedlings.

Traditionally, the inherent capability of an area to grow successive crops

of trees. Can also be expanded to include other forest resource capabilities such as forage, recreation, fishers, wildlife and water.

The inherent susceptibility of a site to soil-degrading processes caused

by forest management activities.

The tree residue left on the ground as a result of forest and other vegeta-

tion being altered by forest practices or other land-use activities. Slash

includes materials such as logs, splinters or chips, tree branches and

tops, uprooted stumps, and broken or uprooted trees and shrubs.

146

GLOSSARY

Small Business Forest

Enterprise Program (SBFEP)

Spacing

Stumpage

Sustainability

Timber licence

Timber sale licence (TSL)

Timber supply area (TSA)

Tree farm licence (TFL)

Uneven-aged stand

Visual cover or visual green-up

Visually effective green-up

A program through which the Ministry of Forests sells Crown timber competitively to qualified individuals and firms. Approximately 13 per cent

of the provincial allowable annual cut is directed toward this program.

The removal of undesirable trees within a young stand to control stocking,

to maintain or improve growth, to increase wood quality and value, or to achieve other resource management objectives.

The price charged by the Ministry of Forests for timber harvested from

most Crown land. The rates vary according to market prices for lumber

and logs, and according to estimates of delivered wood costs.

The concept of producing, in perpetuity, a steady flow of biological

resources, through management practices.

An area-based, non-replaceable tenure that confers on the licence holder the exclusive right to harvest all merchantable timber on Crown land

within the defined boundaries of the licence.

An agreement entered into under Part 3, Division 3 of the Forest Act. A TSL

permits the harvesting of Crown timber in a described area by licensees having allowable annual cuts, by operators registered in the SBFEP, or by

others with temporary cutting rights, and holders of pulpwood agreements.

Land designated by the minister of forests that is managed by the ministry

in accordance with integrated resource management principles, and with

the allowable annual cut determined by the chief forester. Many types and sizes of harvesting agreements can exist within a TSA.

An agreement entered into under Part 3, Division 5 of the Forest Act. A TFL provides for the establishment, management and harvesting of timber

in a described area (Crown and private land) on a sustained-yield basis.

A stand composed of three or more distinct age classes of trees, either uniformly mixed (single-tree selection) or in small groups (group selection).

A term used by wildfire specialists when referring to security cover, or a

stand’s ability to provide cover from human disturbance, and from threat

of predators, particularly for deer and elk. The height, density and species

of the composition of the overstory and understory vegetation, and the diversity of the topography determine a stands ability to provide security cover.

The stage at which regeneration is perceived by the public as newly established forest. When visually effective green-up is achieved, the forest

cover generally blocks views of tree stumps, logging debris, and bare

ground. Distinctions in height, color and texture may remain in comparison with the adjacent forest, but will not be perceived as recently cut over.

147

GLOSSARY

Visual quality objective

CVQO)

Wilderness

Wildfire

Woodlot licence

A resource management objective that reflects the maintenance of a

desired level of visual quality based on the physical characteristics for an area; refers to the degree of acceptable human alteration to the charac-

teristic landscape.

An area of land generally greater than 1,000 hectares that predominantly

retains its natural character, and on which the impact of people is transitory and, in the long run, substantially unnoticeable.

An unplanned or unwanted natural or human-caused fire, or a prescribed

fire that threatens to escape its bounds.

An agreement entered into under Part 3, Division 7 of the Forest Act. It is

similar to a tree farm licence, but on a smaller scale, and allows for

small-scale forestry to be practised in a prescribed area (Crown and private land) on a sustained-yield basis.

148

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