ansys&civilfem pres02 bridges&civil non-linearities
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Solution for BridgesDesign & Analysis
The stateoftheart technology
for the civil engineering world
Dr. Dimitrios Sofialidis
Technical Manager
SimTec
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Main Features
Concrete Creep and Shrinkage
Bridge layout modeling (in plan and elevation view)
Utilities for generating common bridge sections and
layout design
Geometric and finite element model generation withboth Beams (1D) and Solid elements (3D)
Loads Generation
Overloads
Moving loads (vehicles editor)
Utility for Prestressing forces input
User loads
Automatic Loads combination
Simulation of the construction process
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Concrete Creep and Shrinkage Effects of Creep and Shrinkage relative to concrete maturity can be easily
considered
Allows to obtain the deformed
shape as well as the forces,
moments and stresses in the model
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Bridge Layout Modeling
This utility allows to generate the geometry and the finite elementmodel of the bridge from common engineering blueprints. It
works as a "layout program", allowing to define the layout design
in both plan and elevation views
The procedure used for the bridge layout definition is the
following: Definition of the mileage points (MPs) that represent the
structure axis
Definition of plan and elevation layout
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Bridges Layout in Plan View
In plan view, the mileage points line is a succession of user-defined stretches:
straight segments
circular arcs
clothoid arcs
Caso R = R : Definition of the section elementsi f/
(x ,y )i i
(x ,y )f f
R
i
f
s = s + Long
R
ii
s
x
yClothoid
axis
cl
cl
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Bridge Layout in Elevation View In elevation view, the mileage points line is a succession of user-
defined stretches:
straight segments
parabolic arcs
Vertical fillet
si
sf
i
f
f
L
T
zf
zi
s
Straight section
Straight section
Parabolic fillet
s
s
if
ii
z
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Bridge Cross Sections
Bridge Section Types
Rectangular section
Trapezoidal section
Trapezoidal section with flanges
Polygonal section with two bends
Polygonal Asymmetric with two bends Note: The upper line (deck) is alwayshorizontal. The slope must be laterdefined with the sections bank.
B
DEPTH
RS
BTOP
BBOT
DEPTH
TTOP
TS
DEPTH
BTOP
BM
BBOT
TTOP
TBOTTF
TBOT BBOT
BM2
BM1
BTOP
DEPTH
TTOP
TM
PS
BBOTR
BM2R
BM1R
BTOPRBTOPL
BM1L
BM2L
BBOTL
DEPTHL
TBOTL
TML
TBOTR
TTOPR
TMR DEPTHR
axis
PATri-cell box section definition
a1
p11
b1
a2
t 22 t 21
t 11
p21p22
s31
1
1
p121
11
t 31
hL
vL
y
z
vCL
hCL
hCU
vCU
t 41
vU vUr
hU hUr
a /20
vCUr
hCUr
hCLr
vCLr
This module includes a library of typical bridge cross sections,which are defined by the outline of the section:
Slab cross sections
Box cross sections
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Slab Concrete Sections
Its possible to define holes The sections can be symmetric or asymmetric
Sections and the hole diameters might vary along the bridge
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Box Sections with Variable Depth Any generic box section can be easily defined
All the necessary input parameters can be introduced either by
menu or using the corresponding command (allows performing a
parametric design of cross sections, creating macros, etc).
Tri-cell box section definition
a1
p11
b1
a2
t 22 t 21
t 11
p21p22
s31
1
1
p121
11
t 31
hL
vL
y
z
vCL
hCL
hCU
vCU
t 41
vU vUr
hU hUr
a /20
vCUr
hCUr
hCLr
vCLr
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Assigning Attributes
The cross sections may have the following attributes: Offsets
Banks
Skew
Hollow or solid sections
z
yZoffs
Yoffs
MP,s line
Bank (Rotation's center P)P
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Model Generation Once the layout and cross sections are defined the geometrical and FEM
model generation can be automatically performed by the program
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Model Generation Once the layout and cross sections are defined the geometrical and FEM
model generation can be automatically performed by the program
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Model Generation
Beam element model (shape option)
Solid element model
Just by specifying an element type,
a Solid finite element model or a Beam finite element model can be generated
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Suspension Bridge Generator windows can generate 3Dmodels for: Concrete Suspension Bridges
(with a CivilFEM bridge section)
Steel Suspension Bridges(with a CivilFEM 3D steel truss pattern)
Generic Suspension Bridges(with a CivilFEM generic cross section)
Mixed section, two types of section:
- Concrete slab over I-section steel beams
- Concrete slab over a steel box section
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
By using this Wizard it is possible to easily introduce thenumber of segments and the corresponding data to generatethe entire bridge model for both 3D beams and solid elements.
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Concrete
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Both concrete and steel truss suspension bridge models areautomatically generated for any generic configuration by just inputting afew parameters.
Steel
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Steel
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard Any generic cross section from library and/or any 2D defined using
CivilFEM with ANSYS meshed drawing (capture utility) can be used as a
bridge cross section
Optimization of the geometry
and initial tensions of cables
Generic
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Bridge section is composed of a concrete slab over
I-section steel beams:
Mixed Section type 1)
nBbB
hB
eam
tFL
tWeb
y
z
bSlab/2bSlab
tSlabfSRfSL
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard Mixed Section type 1)
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard Mixed Section type 1) Example
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Bridge section is composed of a concrete slab over
a steel box section:
Mixed Section type 2)
bSlab
fSL fSR
hBox
tSlab
tboxLtboxR
tboxB
alphaL
alphaR
y
z
bSlab/2
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Mixed Section type 2)
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Mixed Section type 2) Example
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A. Suspension Bridges Wizard
Supported Bridge Examples
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B. Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard
Generation window
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B. Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard
Model generation
Cable arrangements:
HARP TYPE FAN TYPE
z
x
XL1XL2XL...
XR1 XR2 XR...
ZB1
ZB2
ZT1
ZT2
ZT...
ZB...
ZT3
(XB, ZB)
(XT, ZT)
z
x
XL1XL2XL...
XR1 XR2 XR...
ZB1
ZB2
ZT1
ZT2
ZT...
ZB...
ZT3
(XB, ZB)
(XT, ZT)
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B. Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard
Model generation Towers: Unlimited in number, variable cross sections,
vertical or inclined with multiple cable arrangements
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B. Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard
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M N
M X
X
Y
Z
B. Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard
Nonlinear Construction Process Analysis:
XY
ZX
Y
Z
XY
Z
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B. Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard Nonlinear Construction Process Analysis:
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B. Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard Nonlinear Construction Process Analysis:
Cable force optimization: Deflection
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B. Cable Stayed Bridge Wizard Nonlinear Construction Process Analysis:
Cable force optimization: Bending Moment
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C. Arch Bridge Wizard
Arch Bridge Generator (Beam Model)
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C. Arch Bridge Wizard
Depending on the position of the bridge deckcompared to the arch, there are different cases:
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C. Arch Bridge Wizard
Beam Model
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C. Arch Bridge Wizard
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C. Arch Bridge Wizard
Shell Model
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Bridge Components
CivilFEM with ANSYS allows a detailed analysis ofpiers, cross bracings, diaphragms, etc.
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Loads Generation
CivilFEM automaticallygenerates the loads
corresponding to the various
load hypotheses over a 2D or
3D structure, such as:
Moving loads (traffic loads)
Surface loads (Overloads)
Prestressing tendons
Any kind of "user defined" loads "Smart" load combination of all
the load steps generated during
the analysis
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Loads Generation (Traffic Loads)
Vehicle library: just choose the
vehicle and the corresponding
properties are automatically
defined
Property window
With the vehicle editor it is possible to create, import from library, modify,copy, delete and list vehicles
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Loads Generation (Traffic Loads)
Two different types of vehicles: Rigid (truck) or flexible (train,adaptable to the path)
User friendly path definition: road surface and road axis are
automatically detected by the program
Trajectory definition (Rigid vehicle)
MP,s
linecomponents
Vehicletrajectory
Assembly the bridges nodes and elements,where the loads are applied
Dist
The tangency occurs in the point(xLoc, yLoc) of the vehicle
Trayectory definition ( )adaptable to the trajectory
KP,s
Lines component
Vehicle trayectoryAssembly the bridges nodes and elements,
where the loads are applied
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Loads Generation (Surface Loads)
Definition of surface loads
KP,s Linescomponent
Overloadgrid
s1
d1d2
dm
Assembly with the bridges nodes
and elements over which thesurface load will be applied
Definition of an overload grid over the deck Automatic load generation and combinations of all possible load
case scenarios
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Loads Generation(Prestressing Cables)
Definition of points along the cables path (automatic adjustment ofthe points using splines)
Introduce the tensile force at specific locations in the tendons path
Automatic transfer of the cable action to the structure:
the program calculates an equivalent system of forces at each
node of the element that equilibrate the system
3D spline generation
PP
PPP
12
k+2k+1N
P'1 P'NPk
Transmision of the cable actions to the model
OP
xR
R
MRy
z
MRz
x
MR
c.d.g.R
y
Kfx
Kfy
Kfz
T1
T2
1
2
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Load Combination
In the bridge analysis process, a great number of loadsteps are generated, which later on have to be combined
looking for the worst case scenario. CivilFEM includes
functionalities that can automatically handle all possible
load cases
Obtains the envelop that considers the worst casescenario for each structural point by specifying a target
Concomitance at both global and element levels
Variable load coefficients can be defined
Combining the moving loads (traffic loads) The program automatically combines them as an
"incompatible" load (which is the same as saying that a
vehicle can only be located at one position at the same
time)
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Load Combination
Combining the surface loads (overloads) CivilFEM will automatically combine them as a
"compatible" load (these loads will then be allowed to be
located at any possible position over the surface)
To obtain the envelop
of maximum vertical
displacements at all
nodes
OBJECTIVE:
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Load Combination
Combining the prestressing cable loads The program automatically combine them as an
"addition" load (adds all the loads and apply them at
the same time)
Combining "user-defined" loads
The same procedure is applied simply by defining the
combination rule to be used (compatible,
incompatible, addition, selection, etc) to find the
combined results
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Checking & Design
Serviceability Limit State Cracking checking according to codes
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Checking & Design
Ultimate Limit State Check and design of the bridge reinforcement
according to codes, taking into account all the loads
applied to the structure.
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Simulation of Construction Process
Normal Procedure
The bridges module allows to simulate multiple types ofconstruction process
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Simulation of Construction Process
Cantilever construction
Y
X
Puente construido mediante dovelas yuxtapuestas: Situacin despus del step #3
Y
Z
Pile Section: AreaU, I , I , AreaB, I ,I , HyyU
z
Bridge plant
Not builded zone
10 11 12 13
Sections
12
Steps
Live cable
7 8 9 14 15 161 2 3 4 5 6
23
11
2
3
H
Live pile support
Not live support
zzU yyB zzB
Pile section axis
Bridge section axis
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Simulation of Construction Process
12345
Proceso constructivo de un puente empujado
123
En la etapa inicial nacen cuatro seccionesy solo una de ellas est "empujada" (la una)
4
1234
En la segunda etapa se empuja una nueva seccin (la 2), la seccin 1 ha llegadoa un apoyo intermedio que al final de la construccin ocupar la 4
1234
En la tercera etapa nace la seccin 5, perono se empuja ninguna nueva
5
En la ltima etapa el puente est completo.Las secciones 4 y 1 alcanzan sus apoyos definitivos.
12345 12345 12345 12345
En la cuarta etapa el puente est completo, pero tan solo se empujan
dos secciones..
6
6
Push launching
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Bridge Postprocessing
CivilFEM with ANSYS performs a wide range of postprocessingcalculations: load combinations, results displays, check and
design processes, etc.
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For more information, you may contact:
Dr. Dimitris Sofialidis
SimTec Ltd.Technical Manager
www.simtec.gr